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Wang X, Guo T, Niu L, Zheng B, Huang W, Xu H, Huang W. Engineered targeting OIP5 sensitizes bladder cancer to chemotherapy resistance via TRIP12-PPP1CB-YBX1 axis. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03136-8. [PMID: 39155295 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is an important cause of treatment failure in bladder cancer, and identifying genes that confer drug resistance is an important step toward developing new therapeutic strategies to improve treatment outcomes. In the present study, we show that gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GEM/DDP) therapy induces NF-κB signaling, which promotes p65-mediated transcriptional activation of OIP5. OIP5 recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIP12 to bind to and degrade the phosphatase PPP1CB, thereby enhancing the transcription factor activity of YBX1. This in turn upregulates drug-resistance-related genes under the transcriptional control of YBX1, leading to chemoresistance. Moreover, PPP1CB degradation can enhance the phosphorylation activity of IKKβ, triggering the NF-κB signaling cascade, which further stimulates OIP5 gene expression, thus forming a negative feedback regulatory loop. Consistently, elevated OIP5 expression was associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. Furthermore, we used a CRISPR/Cas9-based engineered gene circuit, which can monitor the progression of chemoresistance in real-time, to induce OIP5 knockout upon detection of increased NF-κB signaling. The gene circuit significantly inhibited tumor cell growth in vivo, underscoring the potential for synergy between gene therapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianteng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Technology Transformation Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, International Cancer Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Liman Niu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Technology Transformation Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, International Cancer Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Binbin Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Technology Transformation Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, International Cancer Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Technology Transformation Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, International Cancer Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiren Huang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Technology Transformation Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, International Cancer Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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2
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Di X, Wang D, Wu J, Zhu X, Wang Y, Yan J, Wen L, Jiang H, Wen D, Shu B, Zhang S. Characterization of a germline variant TNS1 c.2999-1G > C in a hereditary cancer syndrome family. Gene 2024; 908:148304. [PMID: 38387708 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Hereditary cancer syndromes result from the presence of inherited pathogenic variants within susceptibility genes. However, the susceptibility genes associated with hereditary cancer syndrome remain predominantly unidentified. Here, we reported a case of hereditary cancer syndrome observed in a Chinese family harboring a germline mutation in Tensin1 (TNS1). We described a 59-year-old female patient presented with Multiple myeloma and Thyroid carcinoma. The proband and her family members exhibited suspected tumor syndrome due to occurrences of other cancer cases. After oncogenetic counseling, whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were conducted and a primary driver mutation of TNS1 (NM_022648.7:c.2999-1G > C) was detected. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis revealed that TNS1 was expressed lower in different tumors when compared to normal, including Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, Breast invasive carcinoma, Thyroid carcinoma andColon adenocarcinoma cells. Despite the well-established role of TNS1 as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and colorectal cancer, its potential utility as a marker gene for diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer remains uncertain. Here, our data demonstrated that knockdown of TNS1 could promote cell proliferation and migration in Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. In addition, TNS1 regulated migration through EMT signaling pathway in PDAC cells. Our findings proposed that this variant was likely involved in cancer predisposition by disrupting the normal splicing process. In summary, we presented a genetic disease by linking an intronic mutation inTNS1. We aim to provide early detection of cancers by identifying germline variants in susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotang Di
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Ding Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jinzheng Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Liang Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Doudou Wen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Bo Shu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Shubing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
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3
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Khatlani T, Pradhan S, Langlois K, Subramanyam D, Rumbaut RE, Vijayan KV. Opposing Roles for the α Isoform of the Catalytic Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 1 in Inside-Out and Outside-In Integrin Signaling in Murine Platelets. Cells 2023; 12:2424. [PMID: 37887268 PMCID: PMC10605409 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet activation during hemostasis and thrombosis is facilitated by agonist-induced inside-out and integrin αIIbβ3-initiated outside-in signaling via protein kinases and phosphatases. Pharmacological inhibitor studies suggest that the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) promotes platelet activation. However, since phosphatase inhibitors block all the isoforms of the catalytic subunit of PP1 (PP1c), the role of specific PP1c isoform in platelet signaling remains unclear. Here, we employed a platelet-specific PP1cα-/- mice to explore the contribution of a major PP1 isoform in platelet functions. Loss of PP1cα moderately decreased activation of integrin αIIbβ3, binding of soluble fibrinogen, and aggregation to low-dose thrombin, ADP, and collagen. In contrast, PP1cα-/- platelets displayed increased adhesion to immobilized fibrinogen, fibrin clot retraction, and thrombus formation on immobilized collagen. Mechanistically, post-fibrinogen engagement potentiated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in PP1cα-/- platelets and the p38 inhibitor blocked the increased integrin-mediated outside-in signaling function. Tail bleeding time and light-dye injury-induced microvascular thrombosis in the cremaster venules and arterioles were not altered in PP1cα-/- mice. Thus, PP1cα displays pleiotropic signaling in platelets as it amplifies agonist-induced signaling and attenuates integrin-mediated signaling with no impact on hemostasis and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvir Khatlani
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Subhashree Pradhan
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kimberly Langlois
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Pulmonary Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Deepika Subramanyam
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rolando E. Rumbaut
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Pulmonary Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - K. Vinod Vijayan
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX 77030, USA
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TNS1: Emerging Insights into Its Domain Function, Biological Roles, and Tumors. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111571. [PMID: 36358270 PMCID: PMC9687257 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tensins are a family of cellular-adhesion constituents that have been extensively studied. They have instrumental roles in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. The mammalian tensin family comprises four members: tensin1 (TNS1), tensin2, tensin3, and tensin4. Among them, TNS1 has recently received attention from researchers because of its structural properties. TNS1 engages in various biological processes, such as cell adhesion, polarization, migration, invasion, proliferation, apoptosis, and mechano-transduction, by interacting with various partner proteins. Moreover, the abnormal expression of TNS1 in vivo is associated with the development of various diseases, especially tumors. Interestingly, the role of TNS1 in different tumors is still controversial. Here, we systematically summarize three aspects of TNS1: the gene structure, the biological processes underlying its action, and the dual regulatory role of TNS1 in different tumors through different mechanisms, of which we provide the first overview.
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5
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Smith TC, Vasilakos G, Shaffer SA, Puglise JM, Chou CH, Barton ER, Luna EJ. Novel γ-sarcoglycan interactors in murine muscle membranes. Skelet Muscle 2022; 12:2. [PMID: 35065666 PMCID: PMC8783446 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-021-00285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sarcoglycan complex (SC) is part of a network that links the striated muscle cytoskeleton to the basal lamina across the sarcolemma. The SC coordinates changes in phosphorylation and Ca++-flux during mechanical deformation, and these processes are disrupted with loss-of-function mutations in gamma-sarcoglycan (Sgcg) that cause Limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2C/R5. METHODS To gain insight into how the SC mediates mechano-signaling in muscle, we utilized LC-MS/MS proteomics of SC-associated proteins in immunoprecipitates from enriched sarcolemmal fractions. Criteria for inclusion were co-immunoprecipitation with anti-Sgcg from C57BL/6 control muscle and under-representation in parallel experiments with Sgcg-null muscle and with non-specific IgG. Validation of interaction was performed in co-expression experiments in human RH30 rhabdomyosarcoma cells. RESULTS We identified 19 candidates as direct or indirect interactors for Sgcg, including the other 3 SC proteins. Novel potential interactors included protein-phosphatase-1-catalytic-subunit-beta (Ppp1cb, PP1b) and Na+-K+-Cl--co-transporter NKCC1 (SLC12A2). NKCC1 co-localized with Sgcg after co-expression in human RH30 rhabdomyosarcoma cells, and its cytosolic domains depleted Sgcg from cell lysates upon immunoprecipitation and co-localized with Sgcg after detergent permeabilization. NKCC1 localized in proximity to the dystrophin complex at costameres in vivo. Bumetanide inhibition of NKCC1 cotransporter activity in isolated muscles reduced SC-dependent, strain-induced increases in phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). In silico analysis suggests that candidate SC interactors may cross-talk with survival signaling pathways, including p53, estrogen receptor, and TRIM25. CONCLUSIONS Results support that NKCC1 is a new SC-associated signaling protein. Moreover, the identities of other candidate SC interactors suggest ways by which the SC and NKCC1, along with other Sgcg interactors such as the membrane-cytoskeleton linker archvillin, may regulate kinase- and Ca++-mediated survival signaling in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara C Smith
- Department of Radiology, Division of Cell Biology & Imaging, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Georgios Vasilakos
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health & Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Scott A Shaffer
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, USA
| | - Jason M Puglise
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health & Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chih-Hsuan Chou
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health & Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Elisabeth R Barton
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health & Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Elizabeth J Luna
- Department of Radiology, Division of Cell Biology & Imaging, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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6
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Eto M, Katsuki S, Ohashi M, Miyagawa Y, Tanaka Y, Takeya K, Kitazawa T. Possible roles of N- and C-terminal unstructured tails of CPI-17 in regulating Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensitization force of smooth muscle. J Smooth Muscle Res 2022; 58:22-33. [PMID: 35418530 PMCID: PMC9006046 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.58.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CPI-17 regulates the myosin phosphatase and mediates the agonist-induced contraction of
smooth muscle. PKC and ROCK phosphorylate CPI-17 at Thr38 leading to a conformational
change of the central inhibitory domain (PHIN domain). The N- and C-terminal tails of
CPI-17 are predicted as unstructured loops and their sequences are conserved among
mammals. Here we characterized CPI-17 N- and C-terminal unstructured tails using
recombinant proteins that lack the potions. Recombinant CPI-17 proteins at a physiologic
level (10 µM) were doped into beta-escin-permeabilized smooth muscle strips for
Ca2+ sensitization force measurement. The ectopic full-length CPI-17
augmented the PDBu-induced Ca2+ sensitization force at pCa6.3, indicating
myosin phosphatase inhibition. Deletion of N- and C-terminal tails of CPI-17 attenuated
the extent of PDBu-induced Ca2+-sensitization force. The N-terminal deletion
dampened phosphorylation at Thr38 by protein kinase C (PKC), and the C-terminal truncation
lowered the affinity to the myosin phosphatase. Under the physiologic conditions, PKC and
myosin phosphatase may recognize CPI-17 N-/C-terminal unstructured tails inducing
Ca2+ sensitization force in smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Eto
- Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
| | - Shuichi Katsuki
- Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
| | - Minami Ohashi
- Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
| | - Yui Miyagawa
- Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tanaka
- Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
| | - Kosuke Takeya
- Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitazawa
- Department of Mol Physiol & Biophysics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
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7
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Liao YC, Lo SH. Tensins - emerging insights into their domain functions, biological roles and disease relevance. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs254029. [PMID: 33597154 PMCID: PMC10660079 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tensins are a family of focal adhesion proteins consisting of four members in mammals (TNS1, TNS2, TNS3 and TNS4). Their multiple domains and activities contribute to the molecular linkage between the extracellular matrix and cytoskeletal networks, as well as mediating signal transduction pathways, leading to a variety of physiological processes, including cell proliferation, attachment, migration and mechanical sensing in a cell. Tensins are required for maintaining normal tissue structures and functions, especially in the kidney and heart, as well as in muscle regeneration, in animals. This Review discusses our current understanding of the domain functions and biological roles of tensins in cells and mice, as well as highlighting their relevance to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Liao
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Su Hao Lo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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8
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Protein phosphatase 1 in tumorigenesis: is it worth a closer look? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188433. [PMID: 32956763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells take advantage of signaling cascades to meet their requirements for sustained growth and survival. Cell signaling is tightly controlled by reversible protein phosphorylation mechanisms, which require the counterbalanced action of protein kinases and protein phosphatases. Imbalances on this system are associated with cancer development and progression. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is one of the most relevant protein phosphatases in eukaryotic cells. Despite the widely recognized involvement of PP1 in key biological processes, both in health and disease, its relevance in cancer has been largely neglected. Here, we provide compelling evidence that support major roles for PP1 in tumorigenesis.
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9
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Reiterer V, Pawłowski K, Desrochers G, Pause A, Sharpe HJ, Farhan H. The dead phosphatases society: a review of the emerging roles of pseudophosphatases. FEBS J 2020; 287:4198-4220. [PMID: 32484316 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatases are a diverse family of enzymes, comprising at least 10 distinct protein folds. Like most other enzyme families, many have sequence variations that predict an impairment or loss of catalytic activity classifying them as pseudophosphatases. Research on pseudoenzymes is an emerging area of interest, with new biological functions repurposed from catalytically active relatives. Here, we provide an overview of the pseudophosphatases identified to date in all major phosphatase families. We will highlight the degeneration of the various catalytic sequence motifs and discuss the challenges associated with the experimental determination of catalytic inactivity. We will also summarize the role of pseudophosphatases in various diseases and discuss the major challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guillaume Desrochers
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Arnim Pause
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Hesso Farhan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
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10
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Brautigan DL, Shenolikar S. Protein Serine/Threonine Phosphatases: Keys to Unlocking Regulators and Substrates. Annu Rev Biochem 2019; 87:921-964. [PMID: 29925267 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Protein serine/threonine phosphatases (PPPs) are ancient enzymes, with distinct types conserved across eukaryotic evolution. PPPs are segregated into types primarily on the basis of the unique interactions of PPP catalytic subunits with regulatory proteins. The resulting holoenzymes dock substrates distal to the active site to enhance specificity. This review focuses on the subunit and substrate interactions for PPP that depend on short linear motifs. Insights about these motifs from structures of holoenzymes open new opportunities for computational biology approaches to elucidate PPP networks. There is an expanding knowledge base of posttranslational modifications of PPP catalytic and regulatory subunits, as well as of their substrates, including phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination. Cross talk between these posttranslational modifications creates PPP-based signaling. Knowledge of PPP complexes, signaling clusters, as well as how PPPs communicate with each other in response to cellular signals should unlock the doors to PPP networks and signaling "clouds" that orchestrate and coordinate different aspects of cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Brautigan
- Center for Cell Signaling and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA;
| | - Shirish Shenolikar
- Signature Research Programs in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders and Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857
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11
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Moura M, Conde C. Phosphatases in Mitosis: Roles and Regulation. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E55. [PMID: 30736436 PMCID: PMC6406801 DOI: 10.3390/biom9020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitosis requires extensive rearrangement of cellular architecture and of subcellular structures so that replicated chromosomes can bind correctly to spindle microtubules and segregate towards opposite poles. This process originates two new daughter nuclei with equal genetic content and relies on highly-dynamic and tightly regulated phosphorylation of numerous cell cycle proteins. A burst in protein phosphorylation orchestrated by several conserved kinases occurs as cells go into and progress through mitosis. The opposing dephosphorylation events are catalyzed by a small set of protein phosphatases, whose importance for the accuracy of mitosis is becoming increasingly appreciated. This review will focus on the established and emerging roles of mitotic phosphatases, describe their structural and biochemical properties, and discuss recent advances in understanding the regulation of phosphatase activity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Moura
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
- Programa Doutoral em Biologia Molecular e Celular (MCbiology), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Conde
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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12
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Korrodi-Gregório L, Esteves SLC, Fardilha M. Protein phosphatase 1 catalytic isoforms: specificity toward interacting proteins. Transl Res 2014; 164:366-91. [PMID: 25090308 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The coordinated and reciprocal action of serine-threonine protein kinases and protein phosphatases produces transitory phosphorylation, a fundamental regulatory mechanism for many biological processes. Phosphoprotein phosphatase 1 (PPP1), a major serine-threonine phosphatase, in particular, is ubiquitously distributed and regulates a broad range of cellular functions, including glycogen metabolism, cell cycle progression, and muscle relaxation. PPP1 has evolved effective catalytic machinery but in vitro lacks substrate specificity. In vivo, its specificity is achieved not only by the existence of different PPP1 catalytic isoforms, but also by binding of the catalytic moiety to a large number of regulatory or targeting subunits. Here, we will address exhaustively the existence of diverse PPP1 catalytic isoforms and the relevance of their specific partners and consequent functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Korrodi-Gregório
- Laboratório de Transdução de Sinais, Departamento de Biologia, Secção Autónoma de Ciências de Saúde, Centro de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sara L C Esteves
- Laboratório de Transdução de Sinais, Departamento de Biologia, Secção Autónoma de Ciências de Saúde, Centro de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratório de Transdução de Sinais, Departamento de Biologia, Secção Autónoma de Ciências de Saúde, Centro de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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13
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Haynie DT. Molecular physiology of the tensin brotherhood of integrin adaptor proteins. Proteins 2014; 82:1113-27. [PMID: 24634006 DOI: 10.1002/prot.24560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous proteins have been identified as constituents of the adhesome, the totality of molecular components in the supramolecular assemblies known as focal adhesions, fibrillar adhesions and other kinds of adhesive contact. The transmembrane receptor proteins called integrins are pivotal adhesome members, providing a physical link between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the actin cytoskeleton. Tensins are ever more widely investigated intracellular adhesome constituents. Involved in cell attachment and migration, cytoskeleton reorganization, signal transduction and other processes relevant to cancer research, tensins have recently been linked to functional properties of deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) and a mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), to cell migration in breast cancer, and to metastasis suppression in the kidney. Tensins are close relatives of phosphatase homolog/tensin homolog (PTEN), an extensively studied tumor suppressor. Such findings are recasting the earlier vision of tensin (TNS) as an actin-filament (F-actin) capping protein in a different light. This critical review aims to summarize current knowledge on tensins and thus to highlight key points concerning the expression, structure, function, and evolution of the various members of the TNS brotherhood. Insight is sought by comparisons with homologous proteins. Some historical points are added for perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald T Haynie
- Department of Physics, Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory and Center for Integrated Functional Materials, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620
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14
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Fogh BS, Multhaupt HAB, Couchman JR. Protein kinase C, focal adhesions and the regulation of cell migration. J Histochem Cytochem 2014; 62:172-84. [PMID: 24309511 PMCID: PMC3935447 DOI: 10.1369/0022155413517701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion to extracellular matrix is a complex process involving protrusive activity driven by the actin cytoskeleton, engagement of specific receptors, followed by signaling and cytoskeletal organization. Thereafter, contractile and endocytic/recycling activities may facilitate migration and adhesion turnover. Focal adhesions, or focal contacts, are widespread organelles at the cell-matrix interface. They arise as a result of receptor interactions with matrix ligands, together with clustering. Recent analysis shows that focal adhesions contain a very large number of protein components in their intracellular compartment. Among these are tyrosine kinases, which have received a great deal of attention, whereas the serine/threonine kinase protein kinase C has received much less. Here the status of protein kinase C in focal adhesions and cell migration is reviewed, together with discussion of its roles and potential substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betina S Fogh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Alrehani N, Pradhan S, Khatlani T, Kailasam L, Vijayan KV. Distinct roles for the α , β and γ1 isoforms of protein phosphatase 1 in the outside-in αIIbβ3 integrin signalling-dependent functions. Thromb Haemost 2012. [PMID: 23197154 DOI: 10.1160/th12-04-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although protein kinases and phosphatases participate in integrin αIIbβ3 signalling, whether integrin functions are regulated by the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1(PP1c)isoforms are unclear. We show that siRNA mediated knockdown of all PP1c isoforms(α, β and γ1)in 293 αIIbβ3 cells decreased adhesion to immobilised fibrinogen and fibrin clot retraction. Selective knockdown of only PP1cγ1 did not alter adhesion or clot retraction, while depletion of PP1cβ decreased both functions. Unexpectedly, knockdown of PP1cα enhanced αIIbβ3 adhesion to fibrinogen and clot retraction. Protein interaction studies revealed that all PP1c isoforms can interact with the integrin αIIb subunit. Phospho-profiling studies revealed an enhanced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 in the PP1cα depleted cells. Enhanced adhesive phenotype displayed by the PP1cα-depleted 293 αIIbβ3 cells was blocked by pharmacological inhibition of p38. Conversely, the decreased adhesion of PP1cα overexpressing cells was rescued by the expression of constitutively active p38α or p38γ. Thus, PP1c isoforms have distinct contribution to the outside-in αIIbβ3 signalling-dependent functions in 293 αIIbβ3 cells. Moreover, PP1cα negatively regulates integrin function by suppressing the p38 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaf Alrehani
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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16
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Abstract
β1 integrin signaling plays crucial roles in enteric nervous system development. Zhang and colleagues (pp. 69-81) discovered that phosphatase and actin regulator 4 (Phactr4) antagonizes β1 integrin signaling through protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in focal adhesions of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs). Loss of Phactr4-PP1 interaction leads to increased β1 integrin signaling, loss of collective and directional migration, and hindgut hypogangaliosis, indicating that the right adjustment of β1 integrin signaling is required for the normal migration and organization of ENCCs.
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17
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Hall EH, Balsbaugh JL, Rose KL, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF, Brautigan DL. Comprehensive analysis of phosphorylation sites in Tensin1 reveals regulation by p38MAPK. Mol Cell Proteomics 2010; 9:2853-63. [PMID: 20798394 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m110.003665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tensin1 is the archetype of a family of focal adhesion proteins. Tensin1 has a phosphotyrosine binding domain that binds the cytoplasmic tail of β-integrin, a Src homology 2 domain that binds focal adhesion kinase, p130Cas, and the RhoGAP called deleted in liver cancer-1, a phosphatase and tensin homology domain that binds protein phosphatase-1α and other regions that bind F-actin. The association between tensin1 and these partners affects cell polarization, migration, and invasion. In this study we analyzed the phosphorylation of human S-tag-tensin1 expressed in HEK293 cells by mass spectrometry. Peptides covering >90% of the sequence initially revealed 50 phosphorylated serine/phosphorylated threonine (pSer/pThr) but no phosphorylated tyrosine (pTyr) sites. Addition of peroxyvanadate to cells to inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatases exposed 10 pTyr sites and addition of calyculin A to cells to inhibit protein phosphatases type 1 and 2A gave a total of 62 pSer/pThr sites. We also characterized two sites modified by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine. Tensin1 F302A, which does not bind protein phosphatase-1, showed > twofold enhanced phosphorylation of seven sites. The majority of pSer/pThr have adjacent proline (Pro) residues and we show endogenous p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) associated with and phosphorylated tensin1 in an in vitro kinase assay. Recombinant p38α MAPK also phosphorylated S-tag-tensin1, resulting in decreased binding with deleted in liver cancer-1. Activation of p38 MAPK in cells by sorbitol-induced hyperosmotic stress increased phosphorylation of S-tag-tensin1, which reduced binding to deleted in liver cancer-1 and increased binding to endogenous pTyr proteins, including p130Cas and focal adhesion kinase. These data demonstrate that tensin1 is extensively phosphorylated on Ser/Thr residues in cells and phosphorylation by p38 MAPK regulates the specificity of the tensin1 Src homology 2 domain for binding to different proteins. Tensin1 provides a hub for connecting signaling pathways involving p38 MAP kinase, tyrosine kinases and RhoGTPases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Hall
- Center for Cell Signaling, University of Virginia, 1400 Jefferson Park Ave, P.O. Box 800577-MSB7125, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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18
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Hall EH, Daugherty AE, Choi CK, Horwitz AF, Brautigan DL. Tensin1 requires protein phosphatase-1alpha in addition to RhoGAP DLC-1 to control cell polarization, migration, and invasion. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:34713-22. [PMID: 19826001 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.059592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tensin is a family of multidomain scaffold proteins that bind the cytoplasmic tail of beta-integrins and localize to adhesions that anchor stress fibers in cells. Tensin expression is suppressed in cancer, especially metastatic cancer. The N-terminal domain of tensin1 associates with protein phosphatase-1alpha (PP1alpha) and mediates PP1alpha localization to adhesions. Here, we show F302A mutation in a KVXF motif of tensin1 abrogates binding to PP1alpha. The SH2 domain in tensin family member c-ten requires R474 to bind a RhoGAP called DLC-1 (deleted in liver cancer). We mutated the corresponding residue in tensin1, R1488A, and showed this reduces association with DLC-1. Unexpectedly, tensin1 F302A also had reduced association with DLC-1. Expression of tensin1 F302A or R1488A showed similar dominant phenotypes, with reduced cell polarization, lowered MLC20 phosphorylation and reduced levels of RhoA(GTP) compared with cells expressing tensin1 WT. However, migration and invasion of metastatic MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells were differentially affected by tensin1 mutated at F302A or R1488A. Cancer cells stably expressing F302A tensin1 showed increased migration and invasion compared with cells stably expressing either R1488A tensin1 or WT tensin1. This suggests that PP1alpha bound to tensin1 has additional effects in reducing migration and invasion that are not mediated through DLC-1. Our results show the importance of PP1alpha binding to tensin1 for the regulation of cell polarization, migration, and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Hall
- Center for Cell Signaling and Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
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19
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Hafizi S, Sernstad E, Swinny JD, Gomez MF, Dahlbäck B. Individual domains of Tensin2 exhibit distinct subcellular localisations and migratory effects. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 42:52-61. [PMID: 19747564 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Revised: 09/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tensins are large intracellular proteins believed to link the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton via integrins. Tensins are multidomain proteins consisting of homologous C1, PTPase, C2, SH2 and PTB domains. Full-length Tensin proteins can undergo cleavage inside cells, thus yielding domains in isolation that may have discrete subcellular localisations and downstream effects. We expressed different isoforms of Tensin2 and their individual domains as recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion constructs in DU145 human prostate cancer cells. Under fluorescence confocal microscopy, the isolated domains of Tensin2 all displayed discrete distributions throughout the cytoplasm and the nucleus. In particular, partial constructs containing the C1 domain localised preferentially to the nucleus, including the isolated C1 domain and the PTPase domain. In contrast, all three full-length isoforms of Tensin2 were present exclusively in discrete punctate bodies throughout the cytoplasm. This punctate staining showed colocalisation with the tumour suppressor protein DLC-1 as well as with actin (phalloidin). Furthermore, DU145 cells transiently expressing partial Tensin2 constructs containing the PTB domain showed an increased haptotactic migration. In addition, stimulation of renal carcinoma cells stably expressing Tensin2 by the survival factor Gas6 caused phosphorylation of its receptor Axl, but no effect on Tensin2, which was already maximally phosphorylated at time 0. In conclusion, our results indicate that differential proteolytic cleavage of Tensin2 can liberate domains with discrete localisations and functions, which has implications for the role of Tensins in cancer cell survival and motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sassan Hafizi
- Lund University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
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Choi CK, Vicente-Manzanares M, Zareno J, Whitmore LA, Mogilner A, Horwitz AR. Actin and alpha-actinin orchestrate the assembly and maturation of nascent adhesions in a myosin II motor-independent manner. Nat Cell Biol 2009; 10:1039-50. [PMID: 19160484 DOI: 10.1038/ncb1763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 592] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Using two-colour imaging and high resolution TIRF microscopy, we investigated the assembly and maturation of nascent adhesions in migrating cells. We show that nascent adhesions assemble and are stable within the lamellipodium. The assembly is independent of myosin II but its rate is proportional to the protrusion rate and requires actin polymerization. At the lamellipodium back, the nascent adhesions either disassemble or mature through growth and elongation. Maturation occurs along an alpha-actinin-actin template that elongates centripetally from nascent adhesions. Alpha-Actinin mediates the formation of the template and organization of adhesions associated with actin filaments, suggesting that actin crosslinking has a major role in this process. Adhesion maturation also requires myosin II. Rescue of a myosin IIA knockdown with an actin-bound but motor-inhibited mutant of myosin IIA shows that the actin crosslinking function of myosin II mediates initial adhesion maturation. From these studies, we have developed a model for adhesion assembly that clarifies the relative contributions of myosin II and actin polymerization and organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin K Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
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