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Yamato M, Dai T, Murata Y, Nakagawa T, Kikuchi S, Matsubara D, Noguchi M. High expression of eukaryotic elongation factor 1-alpha-2 in lung adenocarcinoma is associated with poor prognosis. Pathol Int 2024; 74:454-463. [PMID: 38874190 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha 2 (eEF1A2) encodes an isoform of the alpha subunit of the elongation factor 1 complex and is responsible for the enzymatic delivery of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome. Our proteomic analysis has identified eEF1A2 as one of the proteins expressed during malignant progression from adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) to early invasive lung adenocarcinoma. The expression level of eEF1A2 in 175 lung adenocarcinomas was examined by immunohistochemical staining in relation to patient prognosis and clinicopathological factors. Quantitative PCR analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to evaluate the amplification of the eEF1A2 gene. Relatively high expression of eEF1A2 was observed in invasive adenocarcinoma (39/144 cases) relative to minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (1/10 cases) or AIS (0/21 cases). Among invasive adenocarcinomas, solid-type adenocarcinoma (15/32 cases, 47%) showed higher expression than other histological subtypes (23/92, 25%). Patients with eEF1A2-positive tumors had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with eEF1A2-negative tumors. Of the five tumors that were eEF1A2-positive, two cases showed amplified genomic eEF1A2 DNA, which was confirmed by both qPCR and FISH. These findings indicate that eEF1A2 overexpression occurs in the course of malignant transformation of lung adenocarcinomas and is partly due to eEF1A2 gene amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Yamato
- Department of Pathology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoko Dai
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Murata
- Department of Pathology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakagawa
- Department of Pathology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinji Kikuchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsubara
- Department of Pathology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Noguchi
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Narita Tomisato Tokushukai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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Marshall GF, Fasol M, Davies FCJ, Le Seelleur M, Fernandez Alvarez A, Bennett-Ness C, Gonzalez-Sulser A, Abbott CM. Face-valid phenotypes in a mouse model of the most common mutation in EEF1A2-related neurodevelopmental disorder. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050501. [PMID: 38179821 PMCID: PMC10855229 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
De novo heterozygous missense mutations in EEF1A2, encoding neuromuscular translation-elongation factor eEF1A2, are associated with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to recapitulate the most common mutation, E122K, in mice. Although E122K heterozygotes were not observed to have convulsive seizures, they exhibited frequent electrographic seizures and EEG abnormalities, transient early motor deficits and growth defects. Both E122K homozygotes and Eef1a2-null mice developed progressive motor abnormalities, with E122K homozygotes reaching humane endpoints by P31. The null phenotype is driven by progressive spinal neurodegeneration; however, no signs of neurodegeneration were observed in E122K homozygotes. The E122K protein was relatively stable in neurons yet highly unstable in skeletal myocytes, suggesting that the E122K/E122K phenotype is instead driven by loss of function in muscle. Nevertheless, motor abnormalities emerged far earlier in E122K homozygotes than in nulls, suggesting a toxic gain of function and/or a possible dominant-negative effect. This mouse model represents the first animal model of an EEF1A2 missense mutation with face-valid phenotypes and has provided mechanistic insights needed to inform rational treatment design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant F. Marshall
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Melissa Fasol
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Faith C. J. Davies
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Matthew Le Seelleur
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alejandra Fernandez Alvarez
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Cavan Bennett-Ness
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alfredo Gonzalez-Sulser
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Catherine M. Abbott
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
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Zhang W, Wang J, Shan C. The eEF1A protein in cancer: Clinical significance, oncogenic mechanisms, and targeted therapeutic strategies. Pharmacol Res 2024; 204:107195. [PMID: 38677532 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) is among the most abundant proteins in eukaryotic cells. Evolutionarily conserved across species, eEF1A is in charge of translation elongation for protein biosynthesis as well as a plethora of non-translational moonlighting functions for cellular homeostasis. In malignant cells, however, eEF1A becomes a pleiotropic driver of cancer progression via a broad diversity of pathways, which are not limited to hyperactive translational output. In the past decades, mounting studies have demonstrated the causal link between eEF1A and carcinogenesis, gaining deeper insights into its multifaceted mechanisms and corroborating its value as a prognostic marker in various cancers. On the other hand, an increasing number of natural and synthetic compounds were discovered as anticancer eEF1A-targeting inhibitors. Among them, plitidepsin was approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma whereas metarrestin was currently under clinical development. Despite significant achievements in these two interrelated fields, hitherto there lacks a systematic examination of the eEF1A protein in the context of cancer research. Therefore, the present work aims to delineate its clinical implications, molecular oncogenic mechanisms, and targeted therapeutic strategies as reflected in the ever expanding body of literature, so as to deepen mechanistic understanding of eEF1A-involved tumorigenesis and inspire the development of eEF1A-targeted chemotherapeutics and biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiyan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Changliang Shan
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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Su B, Huang G, Zhu S, Wang Y, Lan Q, Hou Y, Liang D. N-Cinnamoylpyrrole-derived alkaloids from the genus Piper as promising agents for ischemic stroke by targeting eEF1A1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155455. [PMID: 38513376 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) is a serious cerebrovascular disease characterized by significantly elevated mortality and disability rates, and the treatments available for this disease are limited. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are deemed the major causes of cerebral ischemic injury. N-Cinnamoylpyrrole alkaloids form a small group of natural products from the genus Piper and have not been extensively analyzed pharmacologically. Thus, identifying the effect and mechanism of N-cinnamoylpyrrole-derived alkaloids on IS is worthwhile. PURPOSE The present research aimed to explore the antineuroinflammatory and antioxidative stress effects of N-cinnamoylpyrrole-derived alkaloids isolated from the genus Piper and to explain the effects and mechanism on IS. METHODS N-cinnamoylpyrrole-derived alkaloids were isolated from Piper boehmeriaefolium var. tonkinense and Piper sarmentosum and identified by various chromatographic methods. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 microglia and a mouse model intracerebroventricularly injected with LPS were used to evaluate the antineuroinflammatory and antioxidative stress effects. Oxygen‒glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) models were used to evaluate the effect of PB-1 on IS. To elucidate the fundamental mechanism, the functional target of PB-1 was identified by affinity-based protein profiling (ABPP) strategy and verified by cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), and circular dichroism (CD) analyses. The effect of PB-1 on the NF-κB and NRF2 signaling pathways was subsequently evaluated via western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS The results showed that N-cinnamoylpyrrole-derived alkaloids significantly affected neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The representative compound, PB-1 not only inhibited neuroinflammation and oxidative stress induced by LPS or OGD/R insult, but also alleviated cerebral ischemic injury induced by tMCAO. Further molecular mechanism research found that PB-1 promoted antineuroinflammatory and antioxidative stress activities via the NF-κB and NRF2 signaling pathways by targeting eEF1A1. CONCLUSION Our research initially unveiled that the therapeutic impact of PB-1 on cerebral ischemic injury might rely on its ability to target eEF1A1, leading to antineuroinflammatory and antioxidative stress effects. The novel discovery highlights eEF1A1 as a potential target for IS treatment and shows that PB-1, as a lead compound that targets eEF1A1, may be a promising therapeutic agent for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojun Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, China
| | - Gaowu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, China
| | - Qian Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, China
| | - Yue Hou
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, China
| | - Dong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, China.
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Paulet A, Bennett-Ness C, Ageorges F, Trost D, Green A, Goudie D, Jewell R, Kraatari-Tiri M, Piard J, Coubes C, Lam W, Lynch SA, Groeschel S, Ramond F, Fluss J, Fagerberg C, Brasch Andersen C, Varvagiannis K, Kleefstra T, Gérard B, Fradin M, Vitobello A, Tenconi R, Denommé-Pichon AS, Vincent-Devulder A, Haack T, Marsh JA, Laulund LW, Grimmel M, Riess A, de Boer E, Padilla-Lopez S, Bakhtiari S, Ostendorf A, Zweier C, Smol T, Willems M, Faivre L, Scala M, Striano P, Bagnasco I, Koboldt D, Iascone M, Suerink M, Kruer MC, Levy J, Verloes A, Abbott CM, Ruaud L. Expansion of the neurodevelopmental phenotype of individuals with EEF1A2 variants and genotype-phenotype study. Eur J Hum Genet 2024:10.1038/s41431-024-01560-8. [PMID: 38355961 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-024-01560-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Translation elongation factor eEF1A2 constitutes the alpha subunit of the elongation factor-1 complex, responsible for the enzymatic binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome. Since 2012, 21 pathogenic missense variants affecting EEF1A2 have been described in 42 individuals with a severe neurodevelopmental phenotype including epileptic encephalopathy and moderate to profound intellectual disability (ID), with neurological regression in some patients. Through international collaborative call, we collected 26 patients with EEF1A2 variants and compared them to the literature. Our cohort shows a significantly milder phenotype. 83% of the patients are walking (vs. 29% in the literature), and 84% of the patients have language skills (vs. 15%). Three of our patients do not have ID. Epilepsy is present in 63% (vs. 93%). Neurological examination shows a less severe phenotype with significantly less hypotonia (58% vs. 96%), and pyramidal signs (24% vs. 68%). Cognitive regression was noted in 4% (vs. 56% in the literature). Among individuals over 10 years, 56% disclosed neurocognitive regression, with a mean age of onset at 2 years. We describe 8 novel missense variants of EEF1A2. Modeling of the different amino-acid sites shows that the variants associated with a severe phenotype, and the majority of those associated with a moderate phenotype, cluster within the switch II region of the protein and thus may affect GTP exchange. In contrast, variants associated with milder phenotypes may impact secondary functions such as actin binding. We report the largest cohort of individuals with EEF1A2 variants thus far, allowing us to expand the phenotype spectrum and reveal genotype-phenotype correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Paulet
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.
| | - Cavan Bennett-Ness
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | - Andrew Green
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science Consultant in Clinical Genetics, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Goudie
- Regional Genetics Service, NHS Tayside, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Rosalyn Jewell
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, England, UK
| | - Minna Kraatari-Tiri
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Research unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juliette Piard
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Christine Coubes
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Wayne Lam
- South-East of Scotland Clinical Genetics Service, General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Sally Ann Lynch
- Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Samuel Groeschel
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Francis Ramond
- Service de Génétique, CHU Saint-Etienne - Hôpital Nord, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Joël Fluss
- University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christina Fagerberg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Tjitske Kleefstra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Center of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mélanie Fradin
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Sud, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- UMR-Inserm, Génétique des Anomalies du développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Romano Tenconi
- Servizio di Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Pediatra, Padova, Italia
| | - Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm - Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Tobias Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joseph A Marsh
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Mona Grimmel
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Angelika Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elke de Boer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergio Padilla-Lopez
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Somayeh Bakhtiari
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Adam Ostendorf
- Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine Nationwide Children's Hospital, Colombus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Colombus, USA
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Smol
- University of Lille, EA7364-RADEME, Medical Genetics Institute, Chu Lille, Lille, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Medical Genetic Department for Rare Diseases and Personalized Medicine, Reference Center AD SOOR, AnDDI-RARE, Groupe DI, Inserm U1298, INM, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- UMR1231 GAD, Inserm, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares « Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs », Centre de Génétique, FHU-TRANSLAD et Institut GIMI, CHU dijon, Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Marcello Scala
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Irene Bagnasco
- Division of Child Neuropsychiatry, Martini Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniel Koboldt
- Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine Nationwide Children's Hospital, Colombus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Manon Suerink
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michael C Kruer
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jonathan Levy
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Alain Verloes
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France
| | - Catherine M Abbott
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Lyse Ruaud
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France
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Patel SA, Hassan MK, Dixit M. Oncogenic activation of EEF1A2 expression: a journey from a putative to an established oncogene. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:6. [PMID: 38172654 PMCID: PMC10765684 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis via translation is a central process involving several essential proteins called translation factors. Although traditionally described as cellular "housekeepers," multiple studies have now supported that protein initiation and elongation factors regulate cell growth, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. One such translation factor is eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha 2 (EEF1A2), a member of the eukaryotic elongation factor family, which has a canonical role in the delivery of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of the ribosome in a guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP)-dependent manner. EEF1A2 differs from its closely related isoform, EEF1A1, in tissue distribution. While EEF1A1 is present ubiquitously, EEF1A2 replaces it in specialized tissues. The reason why certain specialized tissues need to essentially switch EEF1A1 expression altogether with EEF1A2 remains to be answered. Abnormal "switch on" of the EEF1A2 gene in normal tissues is witnessed and is seen as a cause of oncogenic transformation in a wide variety of solid tumors. This review presents the journey of finding increased expression of EEF1A2 in multiple cancers, establishing molecular mechanism, and exploring it as a target for cancer therapy. More precisely, we have compiled studies in seven types of cancers that have reported EEF1A2 overexpression. We have discussed the effect of aberrant EEF1A2 expression on the oncogenic properties of cells, signaling pathways, and interacting partners of EEF1A2. More importantly, in the last part, we have discussed the unique potential of EEF1A2 as a therapeutic target. This review article gives an up-to-date account of EEF1A2 as an oncogene and can draw the attention of the scientific community, attracting more research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saket Awadhesbhai Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Room No. 204, P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Md Khurshidul Hassan
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Room No. 204, P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Manjusha Dixit
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Room No. 204, P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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7
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Negrutskii BS, Porubleva LV, Malinowska A, Novosylna OV, Dadlez M, Knudsen CR. Understanding functions of eEF1 translation elongation factors beyond translation. A proteomic approach. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 138:67-99. [PMID: 38220433 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian translation elongation factors eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 are 92% homologous isoforms whose mutually exclusive tissue-specific expression is regulated during development. The isoforms have similar translation functionality, but show differences in spatial organization and participation in various processes, such as oncogenesis and virus reproduction. The differences may be due to their ability to interact with isoform-specific partner proteins. We used the identified sets of eEF1A1 or eEF1A2 partner proteins to identify cell complexes and/or processes specific to one particular isoform. As a result, we found isoform-specific interactions reflecting the involvement of different eEF1A isoforms in different cellular processes, including actin-related, chromatin-remodeling, ribonuclease H2, adenylyl cyclase, and Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes as well as initiation of mitochondrial transcription. An essential by-product of our analysis is the elucidation of a number of cellular processes beyond protein biosynthesis, where both isoforms appear to participate such as large ribosomal subunit biogenesis, mRNA splicing, DNA mismatch repair, 26S proteasome activity, P-body and exosomes formation, protein targeting to the membrane. This information suggests that a relatively high content of eEF1A in the cell may be necessary not only to maintain efficient translation, but also to ensure its participation in various cellular processes, where some roles of eEF1A have not yet been described. We believe that the data presented here will be useful for deciphering new auxiliary functions of eEF1A and its isoforms, and provide a new look at the known non-canonical functions of this main component of the human translation-elongation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris S Negrutskii
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kyiv, Ukraine; Aarhus Institute of Advanced Sciences, Høegh-Guldbergs, Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | | | - Agata Malinowska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, PAN, Pawinskiego, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Michal Dadlez
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, PAN, Pawinskiego, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Charlotte R Knudsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Mohamed MS, Klann E. Autism- and epilepsy-associated EEF1A2 mutations lead to translational dysfunction and altered actin bundling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2307704120. [PMID: 37695913 PMCID: PMC10515156 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307704120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis is a fundamental cellular process in neurons that is essential for synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. Here, we describe our investigations of a neuron- and muscle-specific translation factor, eukaryotic Elongation Factor 1a2 (eEF1A2), which when mutated in patients results in autism, epilepsy, and intellectual disability. We characterize three EEF1A2 patient mutations, G70S, E122K, and D252H, and demonstrate that all three mutations decrease de novo protein synthesis and elongation rates in HEK293 cells. In mouse cortical neurons, the EEF1A2 mutations not only decrease de novo protein synthesis but also alter neuronal morphology, regardless of endogenous levels of eEF1A2, indicating that the mutations act via a toxic gain of function. We also show that eEF1A2 mutant proteins display increased tRNA binding and decreased actin-bundling activity, suggesting that these mutations disrupt neuronal function by decreasing tRNA availability and altering the actin cytoskeleton. More broadly, our findings are consistent with the idea that eEF1A2 acts as a bridge between translation and the actin cytoskeleton, which is essential for proper neuron development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhaned S. Mohamed
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY10003
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY10016
| | - Eric Klann
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY10003
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY10016
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9
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Davies FCJ, Marshall GF, Pegram E, Gadd D, Abbott CM. Endogenous epitope tagging of eEF1A2 in mice reveals early embryonic expression of eEF1A2 and subcellular compartmentalisation of neuronal eEF1A1 and eEF1A2. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 126:103879. [PMID: 37429391 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
All vertebrate species express two independently-encoded forms of translation elongation factor eEF1A. In humans and mice eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 are 92 % identical at the amino acid level, but the well conserved developmental switch between the two variants in specific tissues suggests the existence of important functional differences. Heterozygous mutations in eEF1A2 result in neurodevelopmental disorders in humans; the mechanism of pathogenicity is unclear, but one hypothesis is that there is a dominant negative effect on eEF1A1 during development. The high degree of similarity between the eEF1A proteins has complicated expression analysis in the past; here we describe a gene edited mouse line in which we have introduced a V5 tag in the gene encoding eEF1A2. Expression analysis using anti-V5 and anti-eEF1A1 antibodies demonstrates that, in contrast to the prevailing view that eEF1A2 is only expressed postnatally, it is expressed from as early as E11.5 in the developing neural tube. Two colour immunofluorescence also reveals coordinated switching between eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 in different regions of postnatal brain. Completely reciprocal expression of the two variants is seen in post-weaning mouse brain with eEF1A1 expressed in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes and eEF1A2 in neuronal soma. Although eEF1A1 is absent from neuronal cell bodies after development, it is widely expressed in axons. This expression does not appear to coincide with myelin sheaths originating from oligodendrocytes but rather results from localised translation within the axon, suggesting that both variants are transcribed in neurons but show completely distinct subcellular localisation at the protein level. These findings will form an underlying framework for understanding how missense mutations in eEF1A2 result in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith C J Davies
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
| | - Grant F Marshall
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor Pegram
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Danni Gadd
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine M Abbott
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom.
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10
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Mohamed MS, Klann E. Autism- and epilepsy-associated EEF1A2 mutations lead to translational dysfunction and altered actin bundling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.06.543912. [PMID: 37333416 PMCID: PMC10274670 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.06.543912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein synthesis is a fundamental cellular process in neurons that is essential for synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. Here, we describe our investigations of a neuron- and muscle-specific translation factor, e ukaryotic E longation F actor 1a2 (eEF1A2), which when mutated in patients results in autism, epilepsy, and intellectual disability. We characterize three most common EEF1A2 patient mutations, G70S, E122K, and D252H, and demonstrate that all three mutations decrease de novo protein synthesis and elongation rates in HEK293 cells. In mouse cortical neurons, the EEF1A2 mutations not only decrease de novo protein synthesis, but also alter neuronal morphology, regardless of endogenous levels of eEF1A2, indicating that the mutations act via a toxic gain of function. We also show that eEF1A2 mutant proteins display increased tRNA binding and decreased actin bundling activity, suggesting that these mutations disrupt neuronal function by decreasing tRNA availability and altering the actin cytoskeleton. More broadly, our findings are consistent with the idea that eEF1A2 acts as a bridge between translation and the actin skeleton, which is essential for proper neuron development and function. Significance Statement E ukaryotic E longation F actor 1A2 (eEF1A2) is a muscle- and neuron-specific translation factor responsible for bringing charge tRNAs to the elongating ribosome. Why neurons express this unique translation factor is unclear; however, it is known that mutations in EEF1A2 cause severe drug-resistant epilepsy, autism and neurodevelopmental delay. Here, we characterize the impact of three common disease-causing mutations in EEF1A2 and demonstrate that they cause decreased protein synthesis via reduced translation elongation, increased tRNA binding, decreased actin bundling activity, as well as altered neuronal morphology. We posit that eEF1A2 serves as a bridge between translation and the actin cytoskeleton, linking these two processes that are essential for neuronal function and plasticity.
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11
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Romaus-Sanjurjo D, Saikia JM, Kim HJ, Tsai KM, Le GQ, Zheng B. Overexpressing eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A) proteins to promote corticospinal axon repair after injury. Cell Death Discov 2022; 8:390. [PMID: 36123349 PMCID: PMC9485247 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01186-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Although protein synthesis is hypothesized to have a pivotal role in axonal repair after central nervous system (CNS) injury, the role of core components of the protein synthesis machinery has not been examined. Notably, some elongation factors possess non-canonical functions that may further impact axonal repair. Here, we examined whether overexpressing eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A) proteins enhances the collateral sprouting of corticospinal tract (CST) neurons after unilateral pyramidotomy, along with the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that overexpressing eEF1A proteins in CST neurons increased the levels of pS6, an indicator for mTOR activity, but not pSTAT3 and pAKT levels, in neuronal somas. Strikingly, overexpressing eEF1A2 alone, but neither eEF1A1 alone nor both factors simultaneously, increased protein synthesis and actin rearrangement in CST neurons. While eEF1A1 overexpression only slightly enhanced CST sprouting after pyramidotomy, eEF1A2 overexpression substantially enhanced this sprouting. Surprisingly, co-overexpression of both eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 led to a sprouting phenotype similar to wild-type controls, suggesting an antagonistic effect of overexpressing both proteins. These data provide the first evidence that overexpressing a core component of the translation machinery, eEF1A2, enhances CST sprouting, likely by a combination of increased protein synthesis, mTOR signaling and actin cytoskeleton rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Romaus-Sanjurjo
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories (LINCs), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Junmi M Saikia
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hugo J Kim
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kristen M Tsai
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Geneva Q Le
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Binhai Zheng
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- VA San Diego Research Service, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
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12
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Brace N, Megson IL, Rossi AG, Doherty MK, Whitfield PD. SILAC-based quantitative proteomics to investigate the eicosanoid associated inflammatory response in activated macrophages. J Inflamm (Lond) 2022; 19:12. [PMID: 36050729 PMCID: PMC9438320 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-022-00309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages play a central role in inflammation by phagocytosing invading pathogens, apoptotic cells and debris, as well as mediating repair of tissues damaged by trauma. In order to do this, these dynamic cells generate a variety of inflammatory mediators including eicosanoids such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes and hydroxyeicosatraenoic acids (HETEs) that are formed through the cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 pathways. The ability to examine the effects of eicosanoid production at the protein level is therefore critical to understanding the mechanisms associated with macrophage activation. RESULTS This study presents a stable isotope labelling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) -based proteomics strategy to quantify the changes in macrophage protein abundance following inflammatory stimulation with Kdo2-lipid A and ATP, with a focus on eicosanoid metabolism and regulation. Detailed gene ontology analysis, at the protein level, revealed several key pathways with a decrease in expression in response to macrophage activation, which included a promotion of macrophage polarisation and dynamic changes to energy requirements, transcription and translation. These findings suggest that, whilst there is evidence for the induction of a pro-inflammatory response in the form of prostaglandin secretion, there is also metabolic reprogramming along with a change in cell polarisation towards a reduced pro-inflammatory phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Advanced quantitative proteomics in conjunction with functional pathway network analysis is a useful tool to investigate the molecular pathways involved in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Brace
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK
| | - Ian L Megson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mary K Doherty
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK
| | - Phillip D Whitfield
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK.
- Present Address: Glasgow Polyomics, Garscube Campus, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.
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13
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Farache D, Antine SP, Lee ASY. Moonlighting translation factors: multifunctionality drives diverse gene regulation. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 32:762-772. [PMID: 35466028 PMCID: PMC9378348 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Translation factors have traditionally been viewed as proteins that drive ribosome function and ensure accurate mRNA translation. Recent discoveries have highlighted that these factors can also moonlight in gene regulation, but through functions distinct from their canonical roles in protein synthesis. Notably, the additional functions that translation factors encode are diverse, ranging from transcriptional control and extracellular signaling to RNA binding, and are highly regulated in response to external cues and the intrinsic cellular state. Thus, this multifunctionality of translation factors provides an additional mechanism for exquisite control of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Farache
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sadie P Antine
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy S Y Lee
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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A Potential Role of the Translation Elongation Factor eef1a1 in Gonadal High-Temperature Perception in Chinese Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131603. [PMID: 35804501 PMCID: PMC9265046 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha (eef1a) gene is vital for protein translation by delivering aminoacylated tRNAs to the A/P site of the ribosome via the GTP-dependent reaction. Here, the Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) eef1a1 gene was identified, and its potential role in gonadal high-temperature perception was assessed. The full-length sequence of eef1a1 cDNA was 1809 base pair (bp) encoding a putative protein of 461 amino acids. The expression levels of eef1a1 in the ovary were significantly higher than that in the testis from 6 mpf to 3 ypf. Under high-temperature induction during sex differentiation, eef1a1 was significantly down-regulated in males, while the difference was not detected in females. Furthermore, the rapid response of eef1a1 to environmental high temperature was assessed in vitro. Our findings suggest that C. semilaevis eef1a1 might be essential for the molecular response regulatory network of external temperature affecting internal sex differentiation. Abstract The eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha (eef1a) gene has a well-defined role in protein synthesis. However, its role in external temperature perception and internal sex differentiation and development is still unclear. In this study, eef1a1 was identified and functionally analyzed in Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). The eef1a1 cDNA, 1809 bp in length, had a 1386 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encoded a 461 amino acid polypeptide containing one EF-1_alpha domain. eef1a1 expression levels were investigated across different tissues and during gonadal development. In the gonad, eef1a1 showed a sexually dimorphic expression pattern with a statistically higher expression level in the ovary than in the testis from 6 months postfertilization to 3 years postfertilization. Under high temperature (28 °C) treatment during C. semilaevis sex differentiation (from 30 days postfertilization to 3 months postfertilization), eef1a1 was statistically down-regulated in males, while the difference was not detected in females. In addition, the dual-luciferase assay exhibited that eef1a1 can respond to high temperature rapidly. Based on these results, C. semilaevis eef1a1 might have a dual role in the perception of external temperature changes and sex differentiation regulation.
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15
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Analysis of the Expression and Subcellular Distribution of eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 mRNAs during Neurodevelopment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121877. [PMID: 35741005 PMCID: PMC9220863 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopment is accompanied by a precise change in the expression of the translation elongation factor 1A variants from eEF1A1 to eEF1A2. These are paralogue genes that encode 92% identical proteins in mammals. The switch in the expression of eEF1A variants has been well studied in mouse motor neurons, which solely express eEF1A2 by four weeks of postnatal development. However, changes in the subcellular localization of eEF1A variants during neurodevelopment have not been studied in detail in other neuronal types because antibodies lack perfect specificity, and immunofluorescence has a low sensitivity. In hippocampal neurons, eEF1A is related to synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation, and decreased eEF1A expression is observed in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's patients. However, the specific variant involved in these functions is unknown. To distinguish eEF1A1 from eEF1A2 expression, we have designed single-molecule fluorescence in-situ hybridization probes to detect either eEF1A1 or eEF1A2 mRNAs in cultured primary hippocampal neurons and brain tissues. We have developed a computational framework, ARLIN (analysis of RNA localization in neurons), to analyze and compare the subcellular distribution of eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 mRNAs at specific developmental stages and in mature neurons. We found that eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 mRNAs differ in expression and subcellular localization over neurodevelopment, and eEF1A1 mRNAs localize in dendrites and synapses during dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis. Interestingly, mature hippocampal neurons coexpress both variant mRNAs, and eEF1A1 remains the predominant variant in dendrites.
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16
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Alam M, Shima H, Matsuo Y, Long NC, Matsumoto M, Ishii Y, Sato N, Sugiyama T, Nobuta R, Hashimoto S, Liu L, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Inada T, Igarashi K. mTORC1-independent translation control in mammalian cells by methionine adenosyltransferase 2A and S-adenosylmethionine. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102084. [PMID: 35636512 PMCID: PMC9243181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) catalyzes the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). As the sole methyl-donor for methylation of DNA, RNA, and proteins, SAM levels affect gene expression by changing methylation patterns. Expression of MAT2A, the catalytic subunit of isozyme MAT2, is positively correlated with proliferation of cancer cells; however, how MAT2A promotes cell proliferation is largely unknown. Given that the protein synthesis is induced in proliferating cells and that RNA and protein components of translation machinery are methylated, we tested here whether MAT2 and SAM are coupled with protein synthesis. By measuring ongoing protein translation via puromycin labeling, we revealed that MAT2A depletion or chemical inhibition reduced protein synthesis in HeLa and Hepa1 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of MAT2A enhanced protein synthesis, indicating that SAM is limiting under normal culture conditions. In addition, MAT2 inhibition did not accompany reduction in mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 activity but nevertheless reduced polysome formation. Polysome-bound RNA sequencing revealed that MAT2 inhibition decreased translation efficiency of some fraction of mRNAs. MAT2A was also found to interact with the proteins involved in rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis; depletion or inhibition of MAT2 reduced 18S rRNA processing. Finally, quantitative mass spectrometry revealed that some translation factors were dynamically methylated in response to the activity of MAT2A. These observations suggest that cells possess an mTOR-independent regulatory mechanism that tunes translation in response to the levels of SAM. Such a system may acclimate cells for survival when SAM synthesis is reduced, whereas it may support proliferation when SAM is sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahabub Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Hiroki Shima
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsuo
- Division of RNA and Gene Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nguyen Chi Long
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yusho Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nichika Sato
- Division of RNA and Gene Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takato Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Department of Molecular Biopharmacy and Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sendai, Japan
| | - Risa Nobuta
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Department of Molecular Biopharmacy and Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Department of Molecular Biopharmacy and Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sendai, Japan
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Inada
- Division of RNA and Gene Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Bang ML, Bogomolovas J, Chen J. Understanding the molecular basis of cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H181-H233. [PMID: 34797172 PMCID: PMC8759964 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00562.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathies are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and can be caused by mutations in a wide range of proteins located in different cellular compartments. The present review is based on Dr. Ju Chen's 2021 Robert M. Berne Distinguished Lectureship of the American Physiological Society Cardiovascular Section, in which he provided an overview of the current knowledge on the cardiomyopathy-associated proteins that have been studied in his laboratory. The review provides a general summary of the proteins in different compartments of cardiomyocytes associated with cardiomyopathies, with specific focus on the proteins that have been studied in Dr. Chen's laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Bang
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Julius Bogomolovas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ju Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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18
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Mills A, Gago F. On the Need to Tell Apart Fraternal Twins eEF1A1 and eEF1A2, and Their Respective Outfits. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6973. [PMID: 34203525 PMCID: PMC8268798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 are paralogous proteins whose presence in most normal eukaryotic cells is mutually exclusive and developmentally regulated. Often described in the scientific literature under the collective name eEF1A, which stands for eukaryotic elongation factor 1A, their best known activity (in a monomeric, GTP-bound conformation) is to bind aminoacyl-tRNAs and deliver them to the A-site of the 80S ribosome. However, both eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 are endowed with multitasking abilities (sometimes performed by homo- and heterodimers) and can be located in different subcellular compartments, from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. Given the high sequence identity of these two sister proteins and the large number of post-translational modifications they can undergo, we are often confronted with the dilemma of discerning which is the particular proteoform that is actually responsible for the ascribed biochemical or cellular effects. We argue in this review that acquiring this knowledge is essential to help clarify, in molecular and structural terms, the mechanistic involvement of these two ancestral and abundant G proteins in a variety of fundamental cellular processes other than translation elongation. Of particular importance for this special issue is the fact that several de novo heterozygous missense mutations in the human EEF1A2 gene are associated with a subset of rare but severe neurological syndromes and cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Gago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & “Unidad Asociada IQM-CSIC”, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
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19
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Translation elongation factor 1A2 is encoded by one of four closely related eef1a genes and is dispensable for survival in zebrafish. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:221899. [PMID: 31950975 PMCID: PMC6997148 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20194191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish are valuable model organisms for the study of human single-gene disorders: they are genetically manipulable, their development is well understood, and mutant lines with measurable, disease-appropriate phenotypic abnormalities can be used for high throughput drug screening approaches. However, gene duplication events in zebrafish can result in redundancy of gene function, masking loss-of-function phenotypes and thus confounding this approach to disease modelling. Furthermore, recent studies have yielded contrasting results depending on whether specific genes are targeted using genome editing to make mutant lines, or whether morpholinos are used (morphants). De novo missense mutations in the human gene EEF1A2, encoding a tissue-specific translation elongation factor, cause severe neurodevelopmental disorders; there is a real need for a model system to study these disorders and we wanted to explore the possibility of a zebrafish model. We identified four eef1a genes and examined their developmental and tissue-specific expression patterns: eef1a1l1 is first to be expressed while eef1a2 is only detected later during development. We then determined the effects of introducing null mutations into translation elongation factor 1A2 (eEF1A2) in zebrafish using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, in order to compare the results with previously described morphants, and with severe neurodegenerative lethal phenotype of eEF1A2-null mice. In contrast with both earlier analyses in zebrafish using morpholinos and with the mouse eEF1A2-null mice, disruption of the eef1a2 gene in zebrafish is compatible with normal lifespan. The resulting lines, however, may provide a valuable platform for studying the effects of expression of mutant human eEF1A2 mRNA.
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20
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Carriles AA, Mills A, Muñoz-Alonso MJ, Gutiérrez D, Domínguez JM, Hermoso JA, Gago F. Structural Cues for Understanding eEF1A2 Moonlighting. Chembiochem 2020; 22:374-391. [PMID: 32875694 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous mutations in the EEF1A2 gene cause epilepsy and severe neurological disabilities in children. The crystal structure of eEF1A2 protein purified from rabbit skeletal muscle reveals a post-translationally modified dimer that provides information about the sites of interaction with numerous binding partners, including itself, and maps these mutations onto the dimer and tetramer interfaces. The spatial locations of the side chain carboxylates of Glu301 and Glu374, to which phosphatidylethanolamine is uniquely attached via an amide bond, define the anchoring points of eEF1A2 to cellular membranes and interorganellar membrane contact sites. Additional bioinformatic and molecular modeling results provide novel structural insight into the demonstrated binding of eEF1A2 to SH3 domains, the common MAPK docking groove, filamentous actin, and phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase IIIβ. In this new light, the role of eEF1A2 as an ancient, multifaceted, and articulated G protein at the crossroads of autophagy, oncogenesis and viral replication appears very distant from the "canonical" one of delivering aminoacyl-tRNAs to the ribosome that has dominated the scene and much of the thinking for many decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra A Carriles
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry "Rocasolano" CSIC, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,Biocrystallography Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and "Unidad Asociada IQM-CSIC", School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-José Muñoz-Alonso
- Department of Cell Biology and Pharmacogenomics, PharmaMar S.A.U., 28770, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Gutiérrez
- Proteomics Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Domínguez
- Department of Cell Biology and Pharmacogenomics, PharmaMar S.A.U., 28770, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Hermoso
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry "Rocasolano" CSIC, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Gago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and "Unidad Asociada IQM-CSIC", School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Wirakiat W, Prommahom A, Dharmasaroja P. Inhibition of the antioxidant enzyme PRDX1 activity promotes MPP +-induced death in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells and may impair its colocalization with eEF1A2. Life Sci 2020; 258:118227. [PMID: 32781074 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM eEF1A2 is highly expressed in postmitotic cells and has been reported to interact with the antioxidant enzyme peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1). PRDX1 is involved in motor neuron differentiation. Here, we studied the relationship between eEF1A2 and PRDX1 during dopaminergic neuron differentiation, and examined their possible association in an oxidative stress model of Parkinson's disease (PD). MAIN METHODS Expression of eEF1A2 and PRDX1 in SH-SY5Y cells at various durations of retinoic acid (RA) induction was detected using qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Neurons of 10-day differentiation were treated with the PRDX1 inhibitor H7, MPP+ and H7 plus MPP+. The cell viability, the amounts of apoptotic nuclei, DHE signals, and the expression of p53, p-Akt and p-mTOR were determined. The colocalization of eEF1A2 and PRDX1 was visualized using confocal microscopy. KEY FINDINGS eEF1A2 gradually increased after RA-induced differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells, while PRDX1 protein gradually decreased. MPP+ treatment increased eEF1A2 in both undifferentiated and differentiated neurons; however, PRDX1 appeared to elevate only in mature neurons. The inhibition of the PRDX1 activity with H7 promoted MPP+-induced cell death, as evidenced by decreased cell viability, increased apoptotic nuclei, increased the DHE signal, and increased p53. However, H7 induced the activation of the prosurvival Akt and mTOR in MPP+-treated cells. Besides, a colocalization of eEF1A2 and PRDX1 was evidenced in MPP+-treated neurons. This colocalization was possibly prevented by inhibiting the PRDX1 activity, resulting in aggravated neuronal death. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that the possible association between eEF1A2 and PRDX1 may be a promising target for modifying neuronal death in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wimon Wirakiat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Athinan Prommahom
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Permphan Dharmasaroja
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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22
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Carvill GL, Helbig KL, Myers CT, Scala M, Huether R, Lewis S, Kruer TN, Guida BS, Bakhtiari S, Sebe J, Tang S, Stickney H, Oktay SU, Bhandiwad AA, Ramsey K, Narayanan V, Feyma T, Rohena LO, Accogli A, Severino M, Hollingsworth G, Gill D, Depienne C, Nava C, Sadleir LG, Caruso PA, Lin AE, Jansen FE, Koeleman B, Brilstra E, Willemsen MH, Kleefstra T, Sa J, Mathieu ML, Perrin L, Lesca G, Striano P, Casari G, Scheffer IE, Raible D, Sattlegger E, Capra V, Padilla-Lopez S, Mefford HC, Kruer MC. Damaging de novo missense variants in EEF1A2 lead to a developmental and degenerative epileptic-dyskinetic encephalopathy. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1263-1279. [PMID: 32196822 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Heterozygous de novo variants in the eukaryotic elongation factor EEF1A2 have previously been described in association with intellectual disability and epilepsy but never functionally validated. Here we report 14 new individuals with heterozygous EEF1A2 variants. We functionally validate multiple variants as protein-damaging using heterologous expression and complementation analysis. Our findings allow us to confirm multiple variants as pathogenic and broaden the phenotypic spectrum to include dystonia/choreoathetosis, and in some cases a degenerative course with cerebral and cerebellar atrophy. Pathogenic variants appear to act via a haploinsufficiency mechanism, disrupting both the protein synthesis and integrated stress response functions of EEF1A2. Our studies provide evidence that EEF1A2 is highly intolerant to variation and that de novo pathogenic variants lead to an epileptic-dyskinetic encephalopathy with both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative features. Developmental features may be driven by impaired synaptic protein synthesis during early brain development while progressive symptoms may be linked to an impaired ability to handle cytotoxic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma L Carvill
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Katherine L Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Candace T Myers
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, Washington
| | - Marcello Scala
- Department of Pediatric Neurology & Muscular Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Robert Huether
- Division of Clinical Genomics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, California
| | - Sara Lewis
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona.,Departments of Child Health, Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Neurology and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Tyler N Kruer
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona.,Departments of Child Health, Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Neurology and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Brandon S Guida
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona.,Departments of Child Health, Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Neurology and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Somayeh Bakhtiari
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona.,Departments of Child Health, Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Neurology and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Joy Sebe
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sha Tang
- Division of Clinical Genomics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, California
| | - Heather Stickney
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sehribani Ulusoy Oktay
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ashwin A Bhandiwad
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Keri Ramsey
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Vinodh Narayanan
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Timothy Feyma
- Department of Neurology, Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Luis O Rohena
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, San Antonio Military Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas.,Department of Pediatrics, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Andrea Accogli
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mariasavina Severino
- Department of Pediatric Neurology & Muscular Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Georgina Hollingsworth
- Departments of Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Melbourne and Austin Health Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deepak Gill
- Ty Nelson Department of Neurology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christel Depienne
- INSERM UMR 975, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Nava
- INSERM UMR 975, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Lynette G Sadleir
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington South, New Zealand
| | - Paul A Caruso
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Angela E Lin
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Floor E Jansen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bobby Koeleman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Brilstra
- Department of Genetics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein H Willemsen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjitske Kleefstra
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joaquim Sa
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marie-Laure Mathieu
- Neuropaediatrics Department, Femme Mère Enfant Hospital, Lyon, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - Laurine Perrin
- Department of Paediatric Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, CHU Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Bellevue, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- CRNL Inserm U1028-CNRS UMR5292-Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Department of Medical Genetics, Lyon University Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Department of Pediatric Neurology & Muscular Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Department of Pediatric Neurology & Muscular Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ingrid E Scheffer
- Departments of Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Melbourne and Austin Health Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Raible
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Evelyn Sattlegger
- School of Natural & Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Valeria Capra
- Department of Pediatric Neurology & Muscular Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sergio Padilla-Lopez
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona.,Departments of Child Health, Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Neurology and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Heather C Mefford
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael C Kruer
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona.,Departments of Child Health, Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Neurology and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona
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23
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Expression pattern of EEF1A2 in brain tumors: Histological analysis and functional role as a promoter of EMT. Life Sci 2020; 246:117399. [PMID: 32032648 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Glioblastomas are highly aggressive brain tumors with a very poor survival rate. EEF1A2, the proto-oncogenic isoform of the EEF1A translation factor family, has been found to be overexpressed and promoting tumorigenesis in multiple cancers. Interestingly, recent studies reported reduced expression of this protein in brain tumors, drawing our attention to find the functional role and mechanism of this protein in brain tumor progression. MAIN METHODS Using representative cell line as models, the role of EEF1A2 in cell proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed using MTS assay, scratch wound-healing assay, transwell migration and invasion assay, respectively. Activation of key signaling pathways was assessed using western blots and real-time PCR. Finally, using immunohistochemistry we checked the protein levels of EEF1A2 in CNS tumors. KEY FINDINGS EEF1A2 was found to increase the proliferative, migratory and invasive properties of cell lines of both glial and neuronal origin. PI3K activation directly correlated with EEF1A2 levels. Protein levels of key EMT markers viz. Twist, Snail, and Slug were increased upon ectopic EEF1A2 expression. Furthermore, EEF1A2 was found to affect the expression levels of key inflammatory cytokines, growth factors and matrix metalloproteases. IHC analysis showed that EEF1A2 is upregulated in tumor tissues compared to normal tissue. SIGNIFICANCE EEF1A2 acts as an oncogene in both neuronal and glial cells and triggers an EMT program via PI3K pathway. However, it shows enhanced expression in neuronal cells of the brain than the glial cells, which could explain the previously reported anomaly.
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24
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Bosutti A, Kalaja O, Zanconati F, Dapas B, Grassi G, Passamonti S, Scaggiante B. A rapid and specific method to simultaneously quantify eukaryotic elongation factor 1A1 and A2 protein levels in cancer cells. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 176:112814. [PMID: 31450069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The two isoforms of the eukaryotic Elongation Factor 1A (eEF1A1 and eEF1A2), sustain the progression/aggressiveness of cancer cells. Thus, they are considered promising therapeutic targets and prognostic markers. It follows that their precise quantification is of utmost relevance in research and development. The simultaneous quantification of A1 and A2 proteins in the cells helps the comprehension of cancer biology mechanisms and response to drug treatments. However, the high homology at the amino-acidic level (92%) can cause antibodies cross-reaction. Moreover, the commonly employed western blotting just gives semi-quantitative data and does not allow the detection of both protein targets within the same cell. Thus, we developed an in cell western (ICW) technique to bypass the above limitations. METHODS Firstly, relevant antibodies cross-reaction was excluded by immunohistochemistry on normal pancreatic tissue; then eEF1A1-A2 protein levels were quantitated by ICW in prostate and colorectal cancer cell lines in 96 well plates under different conditions, which include: 1) drug treatment, 2) siRNA silencing, 3) cell seeding density. RESULTS We show that: 1) eEF1A1-A2 levels vary depending on the cell type following drug treatment, 2) ICW can accurately detect eEF1A1-A2 protein levels following siRNA silencing, 3) cell seeding density influences eEF1A1-A2 levels, depending on cell type. CONCLUSIONS ICW is a valuable tool to specifically determine the intracellular level of eEF1A1-A2 proteins thus contributing to better define their role as potential therapeutic targets and prognostic markers in human tumors as well as for drug effects screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bosutti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Odeta Kalaja
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Zanconati
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Strada di Fiume, 447, Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Dapas
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabina Passamonti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Bruna Scaggiante
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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25
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McLachlan F, Sires AM, Abbott CM. The role of translation elongation factor eEF1 subunits in neurodevelopmental disorders. Hum Mutat 2018; 40:131-141. [PMID: 30370994 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The multi-subunit eEF1 complex plays a crucial role in de novo protein synthesis. The central functional component of the complex is eEF1A, which occurs as two independently encoded variants with reciprocal expression patterns: whilst eEF1A1 is widely expressed, eEF1A2 is found only in neurons and muscle. Heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding eEF1A2, EEF1A2, have recently been shown to cause epilepsy, autism, and intellectual disability. The remaining subunits of the eEF1 complex, eEF1Bα, eEF1Bδ, eEF1Bγ, and valyl-tRNA synthetase (VARS), together form the GTP exchange factor for eEF1A and are ubiquitously expressed, in keeping with their housekeeping role. However, mutations in the genes encoding these subunits EEF1B2 (eEF1Bα), EEF1D (eEF1Bδ), and VARS (valyl-tRNA synthetase) have also now been identified as causes of neurodevelopmental disorders. In this review, we describe the mutations identified so far in comparison with the degree of normal variation in each gene, and the predicted consequences of the mutations on the functions of the proteins and their isoforms. We discuss the likely effects of the mutations in the context of the role of protein synthesis in neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona McLachlan
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna Martinez Sires
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Catherine M Abbott
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, UK
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26
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Negrutskii B, Vlasenko D, Mirande M, Futernyk P, El'skaya A. mRNA-Independent way to regulate translation elongation rate in eukaryotic cells. IUBMB Life 2018; 70:192-196. [PMID: 29417736 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The question of what governs the translation elongation rate in eukaryotes has not yet been completely answered. Earlier, different availability of different tRNAs was considered as a main factor involved, however, recent data revealed that the elongation rate does not always depend on tRNA availability. Here, we offer another, codon-independent approach to explain specific tRNA-dependence of the elongation rate in eukaryotes. We hypothesize that the exit rate of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A)*GDP from the 80S ribosome depends on the protein affinity to specific aminoacyl-tRNA remaining on the ribosome after GTP hydrolysis. Subsequently, a slower dissociation of eEF1A*GDP from certain aminoacyl-tRNAs in the ribosome can negatively influence the ribosomal elongation rate in a tRNA-dependent and mRNA-independent way. The specific tRNA-dependent departure rate of eEF1A*GDP from the ribosome is suggested to be a novel factor contributing to the overall translation elongation control in eukaryotic cells. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(3):192-196, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Negrutskii
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Vlasenko
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Marc Mirande
- Département de Biologie des Génomes,CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pavlo Futernyk
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Anna El'skaya
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kiev, Ukraine
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27
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Hassan MK, Kumar D, Naik M, Dixit M. The expression profile and prognostic significance of eukaryotic translation elongation factors in different cancers. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191377. [PMID: 29342219 PMCID: PMC5771626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation factors, especially initiation factors have garnered much attention with regards to their role in the onset and progression of different cancers. However, the expression levels and prognostic significance of translation elongation factors remain poorly explored in different cancers. In this study, we have investigated the mRNA transcript levels of seven translation elongation factors in different cancer types using Oncomine and TCGA databases. Furthermore, we have identified the prognostic significance of these factors using Kaplan-Meier Plotter and SurvExpress databases. We observed altered expression levels of all the elongation factors in different cancers. Higher expression of EEF1A2, EEF1B2, EEF1G, EEF1D, EEF1E1 and EEF2 was observed in most of the cancer types, whereas reverse trend was observed for EEF1A1. Overexpression of many factors predicted poor prognosis in breast (EEF1D, EEF1E1, EEF2) and lung cancer (EEF1A2, EEF1B2, EEF1G, EEF1E1). However, we didn’t see any common correlation of expression levels of elongation factors with survival outcomes across cancer types. Cancer subtype stratification showed association of survival outcomes and expression levels of elongation factors in specific sub-types of breast, lung and gastric cancer. Most interestingly, we observed a reciprocal relationship between the expression levels of the two EEF1A isoforms viz. EEF1A1 and EEF1A2, in most of the cancer types. Our results suggest that translation elongation factors can have a role in tumorigenesis and affect survival in cancer specific manner. Elongation factors have potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic drug targets, yet further study is required. Reciprocal relationship of differential expression between EEF1A isoforms observed in multiple cancer types indicates opposing roles in cancer and needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Khurshidul Hassan
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhimpur- Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhimpur- Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | - Monali Naik
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhimpur- Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | - Manjusha Dixit
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhimpur- Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, India
- * E-mail:
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28
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Kapur M, Monaghan CE, Ackerman SL. Regulation of mRNA Translation in Neurons-A Matter of Life and Death. Neuron 2017; 96:616-637. [PMID: 29096076 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic regulation of mRNA translation initiation and elongation is essential for the survival and function of neural cells. Global reductions in translation initiation resulting from mutations in the translational machinery or inappropriate activation of the integrated stress response may contribute to pathogenesis in a subset of neurodegenerative disorders. Aberrant proteins generated by non-canonical translation initiation may be a factor in the neuron death observed in the nucleotide repeat expansion diseases. Dysfunction of central components of the elongation machinery, such as the tRNAs and their associated enzymes, can cause translational infidelity and ribosome stalling, resulting in neurodegeneration. Taken together, dysregulation of mRNA translation is emerging as a unifying mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridu Kapur
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Caitlin E Monaghan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Susan L Ackerman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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29
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Hetherington AM, Sawyez CG, Sutherland BG, Robson DL, Arya R, Kelly K, Jacobs RL, Borradaile NM. Treatment with didemnin B, an elongation factor 1A inhibitor, improves hepatic lipotoxicity in obese mice. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/17/e12963. [PMID: 27613825 PMCID: PMC5027364 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor EEF1A1 is induced by oxidative and ER stress, and contributes to subsequent cell death in many cell types, including hepatocytes. We recently showed that blocking the protein synthesis activity of EEF1A1 with the peptide inhibitor, didemnin B, decreases saturated fatty acid overload-induced cell death in HepG2 cells. In light of this and other recent work suggesting that limiting protein synthesis may be beneficial in treating ER stress-related disease, we hypothesized that acute intervention with didemnin B would decrease hepatic ER stress and lipotoxicity in obese mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hyperphagic male ob/ob mice were fed semipurified diet for 4 weeks, and during week 5 received i.p. injections of didemnin B or vehicle on days 1, 4, and 7. Interestingly, we observed that administration of this compound modestly decreased food intake without evidence of illness or distress, and thus included an additional control group matched for food consumption with didemnin B-treated animals. Treatment with didemnin B improved several characteristics of hepatic lipotoxicity to a greater extent than the effects of caloric restriction alone, including hepatic steatosis, and some hepatic markers of ER stress and inflammation (GRP78, Xbp1s, and Mcp1). Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles and histopathological measures of NAFLD, including lobular inflammation, and total NAFLD activity score were also improved by didemnin B. These data indicate that acute intervention with the EEF1A inhibitor, didemnin B, improves hepatic lipotoxicity in obese mice with NAFLD through mechanisms not entirely dependent on decreased food intake, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for this ER stress-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Hetherington
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia G Sawyez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian G Sutherland
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Debra L Robson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rigya Arya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Kelly
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - René L Jacobs
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nica M Borradaile
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Cao S, Smith LL, Padilla-Lopez SR, Guida BS, Blume E, Shi J, Morton SU, Brownstein CA, Beggs AH, Kruer MC, Agrawal PB. Homozygous EEF1A2 mutation causes dilated cardiomyopathy, failure to thrive, global developmental delay, epilepsy and early death. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:3545-3552. [PMID: 28911200 PMCID: PMC5886049 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (EEF1A), is encoded by two distinct isoforms, EEF1A1 and EEF1A2; whereas EEF1A1 is expressed almost ubiquitously, EEF1A2 expression is limited such that it is only detectable in skeletal muscle, heart, brain and spinal cord. Currently, the role of EEF1A2 in normal cardiac development and function is unclear. There have been several reports linking de novo dominant EEF1A2 mutations to neurological issues in humans. We report a pair of siblings carrying a homozygous missense mutation p.P333L in EEF1A2 who exhibited global developmental delay, failure to thrive, dilated cardiomyopathy and epilepsy, ultimately leading to death in early childhood. A third sibling also died of a similar presentation, but DNA was unavailable to confirm the mutation. Functional genomic analysis was performed in S. cerevisiae and zebrafish. In S. cerevisiae, there was no evidence for a dominant-negative effect. Previously identified putative de novo mutations failed to complement yeast strains lacking the EEF1A ortholog showing a major growth defect. In contrast, the introduction of the mutation seen in our family led to a milder growth defect. To evaluate its function in zebrafish, we knocked down eef1a2 expression using translation blocking and splice-site interfering morpholinos. EEF1A2-deficient zebrafish had skeletal muscle weakness, cardiac failure and small heads. Human EEF1A2 wild-type mRNA successfully rescued the morphant phenotype, but mutant RNA did not. Overall, EEF1A2 appears to be critical for normal heart function in humans, and its deficiency results in clinical abnormalities in neurologic function as well as in skeletal and cardiac muscle defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Cao
- Division of Newborn Medicine
- Division of Genetics and Genomics
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research
| | | | - Sergio R. Padilla-Lopez
- Department of Child Health, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Brandon S. Guida
- Department of Child Health, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Elizabeth Blume
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | | | - Alan H. Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research
| | - Michael C. Kruer
- Department of Child Health, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Pankaj B. Agrawal
- Division of Newborn Medicine
- Division of Genetics and Genomics
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research
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Structural rationale for the cross-resistance of tumor cells bearing the A399V variant of elongation factor eEF1A1 to the structurally unrelated didemnin B, ternatin, nannocystin A and ansatrienin B. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2017; 31:915-928. [DOI: 10.1007/s10822-017-0066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Novosylna O, Doyle A, Vlasenko D, Murphy M, Negrutskii B, El'skaya A. Comparison of the ability of mammalian eEF1A1 and its oncogenic variant eEF1A2 to interact with actin and calmodulin. Biol Chem 2017; 398:113-124. [PMID: 27483363 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The question as to why a protein exerts oncogenic properties is answered mainly by well-established ideas that these proteins interfere with cellular signaling pathways. However, the knowledge about structural and functional peculiarities of the oncoproteins causing these effects is far from comprehensive. The 97.5% homologous tissue-specific A1 and A2 isoforms of mammalian translation elongation factor eEF1A represent an interesting model to study a difference between protein variants of a family that differ in oncogenic potential. We propose that the different oncogenic impact of A1 and A2 might be explained by differences in their ability to communicate with their respective cellular partners. Here we probed this hypothesis by studying the interaction of eEF1A with two known partners - calmodulin and actin. Indeed, an inability of the A2 isoform to interact with calmodulin is shown, while calmodulin is capable of binding A1 and interferes with its tRNA-binding and actin-bundling activities in vitro. Both A1 and A2 variants revealed actin-bundling activity; however, the form of bundles formed in the presence of A1 or A2 was distinctly different. Thus, a potential inability of A2 to be controlled by Ca2+-mediated regulatory systems is revealed.
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Biallelic mutations in the gene encoding eEF1A2 cause seizures and sudden death in F0 mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46019. [PMID: 28378778 PMCID: PMC5380952 DOI: 10.1038/srep46019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
De novo heterozygous missense mutations in the gene encoding translation elongation factor eEF1A2 have recently been found to give rise to neurodevelopmental disorders. Children with mutations in this gene have developmental delay, epilepsy, intellectual disability and often autism; the most frequently occurring mutation is G70S. It has been known for many years that complete loss of eEF1A2 in mice causes motor neuron degeneration and early death; on the other hand heterozygous null mice are apparently normal. We have used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in the mouse to mutate the gene encoding eEF1A2, obtaining a high frequency of biallelic mutations. Whilst many of the resulting founder (F0) mice developed motor neuron degeneration, others displayed phenotypes consistent with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder, including sudden unexplained deaths and audiogenic seizures. The presence of G70S protein was not sufficient to protect mice from neurodegeneration in G70S/- mice, showing that the mutant protein is essentially non-functional.
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Chen J, Jiang D, Tan D, Fan Z, Wei Y, Li M, Wang D. Heterozygous mutation of eEF1A1b resulted in spermatogenesis arrest and infertility in male tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43733. [PMID: 28266557 PMCID: PMC5339811 DOI: 10.1038/srep43733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A) is an essential component of the translational apparatus. In the present study, eEF1A1b was isolated from the Nile tilapia. Real-time PCR and Western blot revealed that eEF1A1b was expressed highly in the testis from 90 dah (days after hatching) onwards. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry analyses showed that eEF1A1b was highly expressed in the spermatogonia of the testis. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated mutation of eEF1A1b resulted in spermatogenesis arrest and infertility in the F0 XY fish. Consistently, heterozygous mutation of eEF1A1b (eEF1A1b+/-) resulted in an absence of spermatocytes at 90 dah, very few spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa at 180 dah, and decreased Cyp11b2 and serum 11-ketotestosterone level at both stages. Further examination of the fertilization capacity of the sperm indicated that the eEF1A1b+/- XY fish were infertile due to abnormal spermiogenesis. Transcriptomic analyses of the eEF1A1b+/- testis from 180 dah XY fish revealed that key elements involved in spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis and sperm motility were significantly down-regulated compared with the control XY. Transgenic overexpression of eEF1A1b rescued the spermatogenesis arrest phenotype of the eEF1A1b+/- testis. Taken together, our data suggested that eEF1A1b is crucial for spermatogenesis and male fertility in the Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dongneng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dejie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zheng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yingying Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Deshou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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35
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Tarrant DJ, Stirpe M, Rowe M, Howard MJ, von der Haar T, Gourlay CW. Inappropriate expression of the translation elongation factor 1A disrupts genome stability and metabolism. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:4455-4465. [PMID: 27807005 PMCID: PMC5201016 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.192831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The translation elongation factor eEF1A is one of the most abundant proteins found within cells, and its role within protein synthesis is well documented. Levels of eEF1A are tightly controlled, with inappropriate expression linked to oncogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which increased eEF1A expression alters cell behaviour are unknown. Our analyses in yeast suggest that elevation of eEF1A levels leads to stabilisation of the spindle pole body and changes in nuclear organisation. Elevation of the eEF1A2 isoform also leads to altered nuclear morphology in cultured human cells, suggesting a conserved role in maintaining genome stability. Gene expression and metabolomic analyses reveal that the level of eEF1A is crucial for the maintenance of metabolism and amino acid levels in yeast, most likely because of its role in the control of vacuole function. Increased eEF1A2 levels trigger lysosome biogenesis in cultured human cells, also suggesting a conserved role within metabolic control mechanisms. Taken together, our data suggest that the control of eEF1A levels is important for the maintenance of a number of cell functions beyond translation and that its de-regulation might contribute to its oncogenic properties. Summary: The translation elongation factor eEF1A is elevated in some cancers. We use yeast and human cell models to show that eEF1A elevation leads to genome instability and metabolic alterations that might affect its oncogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Tarrant
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Mariarita Stirpe
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Michelle Rowe
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Mark J Howard
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Tobias von der Haar
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Campbell W Gourlay
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK
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36
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Ser/Thr kinases and polyamines in the regulation of non-canonical functions of elongation factor 1A. Amino Acids 2016; 48:2339-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Migliaccio N, Ruggiero I, Martucci NM, Sanges C, Arbucci S, Tatè R, Rippa E, Arcari P, Lamberti A. New insights on the interaction between the isoforms 1 and 2 of human translation elongation factor 1A. Biochimie 2015. [PMID: 26212729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) is a moonlighting protein that besides to its canonical role in protein synthesis is also involved in many other cellular processes such as cell survival and apoptosis. In a previous work, we identified eEF1A Raf-mediated phosphorylation sites and defined their role in the regulation of eEF1A half-life and apoptosis of human cancer cells. We proposed that the phosphorylation of eEF1A by C-Raf required the presence of both eEF1A isoforms thus suggesting the formation of a potential eEF1A heterodimer owning regulatory properties. This study aimed at investigating the cellular localization and interaction between two eEF1A isoforms. To this end, we developed chimera proteins by adding at the N-terminal end of both eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 cyan fluorescence protein (mCerulean) and yellow fluorescence protein (mVenus), respectively. The fluorescent eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 chimeras were both addressed to COS-7 cells and found co-localized in the cytoplasm at the level of cellular membranes. We highlighted FRET between the labeled N-termini of eEF1A isoforms. The intra-molecular FRET of this chimera was about 17%. Our results provide novel information on the intracellular distribution and interaction of eEF1A isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Migliaccio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Immacolata Ruggiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola M Martucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Sanges
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Arbucci
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Integrated Microscopy Facility, IGB CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosarita Tatè
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Integrated Microscopy Facility, IGB CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Rippa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Arcari
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnology Scarl, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, I-80145 Naples, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Lamberti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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38
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Niehues S, Bussmann J, Steffes G, Erdmann I, Köhrer C, Sun L, Wagner M, Schäfer K, Wang G, Koerdt SN, Stum M, Jaiswal S, RajBhandary UL, Thomas U, Aberle H, Burgess RW, Yang XL, Dieterich D, Storkebaum E. Impaired protein translation in Drosophila models for Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy caused by mutant tRNA synthetases. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7520. [PMID: 26138142 PMCID: PMC4506996 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dominant mutations in five tRNA synthetases cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathy, suggesting that altered aminoacylation function underlies the disease. However, previous studies showed that loss of aminoacylation activity is not required to cause CMT. Here we present a Drosophila model for CMT with mutations in glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS). Expression of three CMT-mutant GARS proteins induces defects in motor performance and motor and sensory neuron morphology, and shortens lifespan. Mutant GARS proteins display normal subcellular localization but markedly reduce global protein synthesis in motor and sensory neurons, or when ubiquitously expressed in adults, as revealed by FUNCAT and BONCAT. Translational slowdown is not attributable to altered tRNA(Gly) aminoacylation, and cannot be rescued by Drosophila Gars overexpression, indicating a gain-of-toxic-function mechanism. Expression of CMT-mutant tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase also impairs translation, suggesting a common pathogenic mechanism. Finally, genetic reduction of translation is sufficient to induce CMT-like phenotypes, indicating a causal contribution of translational slowdown to CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Niehues
- 1] Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julia Bussmann
- 1] Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Steffes
- 1] Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ines Erdmann
- 1] Research Group Neuralomics, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany [2] Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Köhrer
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Litao Sun
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Marina Wagner
- 1] Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schäfer
- 1] Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Guangxia Wang
- 1] Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sophia N Koerdt
- 1] Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Morgane Stum
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA
| | | | - Uttam L RajBhandary
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Ulrich Thomas
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Aberle
- Functional Cell Morphology Lab, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Daniela Dieterich
- 1] Research Group Neuralomics, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany [2] Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Erik Storkebaum
- 1] Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Abbas W, Kumar A, Herbein G. The eEF1A Proteins: At the Crossroads of Oncogenesis, Apoptosis, and Viral Infections. Front Oncol 2015; 5:75. [PMID: 25905039 PMCID: PMC4387925 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation elongation factors 1 alpha, eEF1A1 and eEF1A2, are not only translation factors but also pleiotropic proteins that are highly expressed in human tumors, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer. eEF1A1 modulates cytoskeleton, exhibits chaperone-like activity and also controls cell proliferation and cell death. In contrast, eEF1A2 protein favors oncogenesis as shown by the fact that overexpression of eEF1A2 leads to cellular transformation and gives rise to tumors in nude mice. The eEF1A2 protein stimulates the phospholipid signaling and activates the Akt-dependent cell migration and actin remodeling that ultimately favors tumorigenesis. In contrast, inactivation of eEF1A proteins leads to immunodeficiency, neural and muscular defects, and favors apoptosis. Finally, eEF1A proteins interact with several viral proteins resulting in enhanced viral replication, decreased apoptosis, and increased cellular transformation. This review summarizes the recent findings on eEF1A proteins indicating that eEF1A proteins play a critical role in numerous human diseases through enhancement of oncogenesis, blockade of apoptosis, and increased viral pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Abbas
- Department of Biology, SBA School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Amit Kumar
- UPRES EA 4266, Laboratory of Pathogens and Inflammation, Department of Virology, CHRU Besançon, Université de Franche-Comté , Besançon , France
| | - Georges Herbein
- UPRES EA 4266, Laboratory of Pathogens and Inflammation, Department of Virology, CHRU Besançon, Université de Franche-Comté , Besançon , France
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40
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Characterisation of translation elongation factor eEF1B subunit expression in mammalian cells and tissues and co-localisation with eEF1A2. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114117. [PMID: 25436608 PMCID: PMC4250081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Translation elongation is the stage of protein synthesis in which the translation factor eEF1A plays a pivotal role that is dependent on GTP exchange. In vertebrates, eEF1A can exist as two separately encoded tissue-specific isoforms, eEF1A1, which is almost ubiquitously expressed, and eEF1A2, which is confined to neurons and muscle. The GTP exchange factor for eEF1A1 is a complex called eEF1B made up of subunits eEF1Bα, eEF1Bδ and eEF1Bγ. Previous studies have cast doubt on the ability of eEF1B to interact with eEF1A2, suggesting that this isoform might use a different GTP exchange factor. We show that eEF1B subunits are all widely expressed to varying degrees in different cell lines and tissues, and at different stages of development. We show that ablation of any of the subunits in human cell lines has a small but significant impact on cell viability and cycling. Finally, we show that both eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 colocalise with all eEF1B subunits, in such close proximity that they are highly likely to be in a complex.
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41
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Vera M, Pani B, Griffiths LA, Muchardt C, Abbott CM, Singer RH, Nudler E. The translation elongation factor eEF1A1 couples transcription to translation during heat shock response. eLife 2014; 3:e03164. [PMID: 25233275 PMCID: PMC4164936 DOI: 10.7554/elife.03164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Translation elongation factor eEF1A has a well-defined role in protein synthesis. In this study, we demonstrate a new role for eEF1A: it participates in the entire process of the heat shock response (HSR) in mammalian cells from transcription through translation. Upon stress, isoform 1 of eEF1A rapidly activates transcription of HSP70 by recruiting the master regulator HSF1 to its promoter. eEF1A1 then associates with elongating RNA polymerase II and the 3'UTR of HSP70 mRNA, stabilizing it and facilitating its transport from the nucleus to active ribosomes. eEF1A1-depleted cells exhibit severely impaired HSR and compromised thermotolerance. In contrast, tissue-specific isoform 2 of eEF1A does not support HSR. By adjusting transcriptional yield to translational needs, eEF1A1 renders HSR rapid, robust, and highly selective; thus, representing an attractive therapeutic target for numerous conditions associated with disrupted protein homeostasis, ranging from neurodegeneration to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
- Département de Biologie du Développement et Cellules Souches, Institut Pasteur, CNRS URA2578, Paris, France
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Bibhusita Pani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Lowri A Griffiths
- Medical Genetics Section, Molecular Medicine Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Muchardt
- Département de Biologie du Développement et Cellules Souches, Institut Pasteur, CNRS URA2578, Paris, France
| | - Catherine M Abbott
- Medical Genetics Section, Molecular Medicine Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H Singer
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Evgeny Nudler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
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42
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Xu L, Zhao F, Ren H, Li L, Lu J, Liu J, Zhang S, Liu GE, Song J, Zhang L, Wei C, Du L. Co-expression analysis of fetal weight-related genes in ovine skeletal muscle during mid and late fetal development stages. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:1039-50. [PMID: 25285036 PMCID: PMC4183924 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.9737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle development and lipid metabolism play important roles during fetal development stages. The commercial Texel sheep are more muscular than the indigenous Ujumqin sheep. RESULTS We performed serial transcriptomics assays and systems biology analyses to investigate the dynamics of gene expression changes associated with fetal longissimus muscles during different fetal stages in two sheep breeds. Totally, we identified 1472 differentially expressed genes during various fetal stages using time-series expression analysis. A systems biology approach, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), was used to detect modules of correlated genes among these 1472 genes. Dramatically different gene modules were identified in four merged datasets, corresponding to the mid fetal stage in Texel and Ujumqin sheep, the late fetal stage in Texel and Ujumqin sheep, respectively. We further detected gene modules significantly correlated with fetal weight, and constructed networks and pathways using genes with high significances. In these gene modules, we identified genes like TADA3, LMNB1, TGF-β3, EEF1A2, FGFR1, MYOZ1, and FBP2 correlated with fetal weight. CONCLUSION Our study revealed the complex network characteristics involved in muscle development and lipid metabolism during fetal development stages. Diverse patterns of the network connections observed between breeds and fetal stages could involve some hub genes, which play central roles in fetal development, correlating with fetal weight. Our findings could provide potential valuable biomarkers for selection of body weight-related traits in sheep and other livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyang Xu
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; ; 4. Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA; ; 5. Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Fuping Zhao
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hangxing Ren
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; ; 2. Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Li Li
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; ; 3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, 625014, China
| | - Jian Lu
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiasen Liu
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shifang Zhang
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - George E Liu
- 4. Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA
| | - Jiuzhou Song
- 5. Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Caihong Wei
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lixin Du
- 1. National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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Doig J, Griffiths LA, Peberdy D, Dharmasaroja P, Vera M, Davies FJC, Newbery HJ, Brownstein D, Abbott CM. In vivo characterization of the role of tissue-specific translation elongation factor 1A2 in protein synthesis reveals insights into muscle atrophy. FEBS J 2014; 280:6528-40. [PMID: 24460877 PMCID: PMC4163635 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Translation elongation factor 1A2 (eEF1A2), uniquely among translation factors, is expressed specifically in neurons and muscle. eEF1A2‐null mutant wasted mice develop an aggressive, early‐onset form of neurodegeneration, but it is unknown whether the wasting results from denervation of the muscles, or whether the mice have a primary myopathy resulting from loss of translation activity in muscle. We set out to establish the relative contributions of loss of eEF1A2 in the different tissues to this postnatal lethal phenotype. We used tissue‐specific transgenesis to show that correction of eEF1A2 levels in muscle fails to ameliorate the overt phenotypic abnormalities or time of death of wasted mice. Molecular markers of muscle atrophy such as Fbxo32 were dramatically upregulated at the RNA level in wasted mice, both in the presence and in the absence of muscle‐specific expression of eEF1A2, but the degree of upregulation at the protein level was significantly lower in those wasted mice without transgene‐derived expression of eEF1A2 in muscle. This provides the first in vivo confirmation that eEF1A2 plays an important role in translation. In spite of the inability of the nontransgenic wasted mice to upregulate key atrogenes at the protein level in response to denervation to the same degree as their transgenic counterparts, there were no measurable differences between transgenic and nontransgenic wasted mice in terms of weight loss, grip strength, or muscle pathology. This suggests that a compromised ability fully to execute the atrogene pathway in denervated muscle does not affect the process of muscle atrophy in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Doig
- Medical Genetics Section, Molecular Medicine Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, UK
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44
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Follo MY, Faenza I, Piazzi M, Blalock WL, Manzoli L, McCubrey JA, Cocco L. Nuclear PI-PLCβ1: an appraisal on targets and pathology. Adv Biol Regul 2013; 54:2-11. [PMID: 24296032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipid signalling molecules are essential components of the processes that allow one extracellular signal to be transferred inside the nucleus, where specific lipid second messengers elicit reactions capable of regulating gene transcription, DNA replication or repair and DNA cleavage, eventually resulting in cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis or many other cell functions. Nuclear inositides are independently regulated, suggesting that the nucleus constitutes a functionally distinct compartment of inositol lipids metabolism. Indeed, nuclear inositol lipids themselves can modulate nuclear processes, such as transcription and pre-mRNA splicing, growth, proliferation, cell cycle regulation and differentiation. Nuclear PI-PLCβ1 is a key molecule for nuclear inositide signalling, where it plays a role in cell cycle progression, proliferation and differentiation. Here we review the targets and possible involvement of nuclear PI-PLCβ1 in human physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Y Follo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Cellular Signalling Laboratory, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Irene Faenza
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Cellular Signalling Laboratory, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Piazzi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Cellular Signalling Laboratory, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - William L Blalock
- CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare and SC Laboratorio di Biologia Cellulare Muscoloscheletrica, IOR, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Manzoli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Cellular Signalling Laboratory, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Cellular Signalling Laboratory, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Timchenko AA, Novosylna OV, Prituzhalov EA, Kihara H, El’skaya AV, Negrutskii BS, Serdyuk IN. Different Oligomeric Properties and Stability of Highly Homologous A1 and Proto-Oncogenic A2 Variants of Mammalian Translation Elongation Factor eEF1. Biochemistry 2013; 52:5345-53. [DOI: 10.1021/bi400400r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oleksandra V. Novosylna
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | | | - Hiroshi Kihara
- Department of Physics, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1136,
Japan
| | - Anna V. El’skaya
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Boris S. Negrutskii
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Igor N. Serdyuk
- Institute of Protein Research, RAS, Pushchino 142290, Russia
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El'skaya AV, Negrutskii BS, Shalak VF, Vislovukh AA, Vlasenko DO, Novosylna AV, Lukash TO, Veremieva MV. Specific features of protein biosynthesis in higher eukaryotes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.7124/bc.000818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. V. El'skaya
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
| | - B. S. Negrutskii
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
| | - V. F. Shalak
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
| | - A. A. Vislovukh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
| | - D. O. Vlasenko
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
| | - A. V. Novosylna
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
| | - T. O. Lukash
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
| | - M. V. Veremieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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Griffiths LA, Doig J, Churchhouse AMD, Davies FCJ, Squires CE, Newbery HJ, Abbott CM. Haploinsufficiency for translation elongation factor eEF1A2 in aged mouse muscle and neurons is compatible with normal function. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41917. [PMID: 22848658 PMCID: PMC3405021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation elongation factor isoform eEF1A2 is expressed in muscle and neurons. Deletion of eEF1A2 in mice gives rise to the neurodegenerative phenotype "wasted" (wst). Mice homozygous for the wasted mutation die of muscle wasting and neurodegeneration at four weeks post-natal. Although the mutation is said to be recessive, aged heterozygous mice have never been examined in detail; a number of other mouse models of motor neuron degeneration have recently been shown to have similar, albeit less severe, phenotypic abnormalities in the heterozygous state. We therefore examined the effects of ageing on a cohort of heterozygous +/wst mice and control mice, in order to establish whether a presumed 50% reduction in eEF1A2 expression was compatible with normal function. We evaluated the grip strength assay as a way of distinguishing between wasted and wild-type mice at 3-4 weeks, and then performed the same assay in older +/wst and wild-type mice. We also used rotarod performance and immunohistochemistry of spinal cord sections to evaluate the phenotype of aged heterozygous mice. Heterozygous mutant mice showed no deficit in neuromuscular function or signs of spinal cord pathology, in spite of the low levels of eEF1A2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lowri A. Griffiths
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Doig
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Antonia M. D. Churchhouse
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Faith C. J. Davies
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte E. Squires
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Helen J. Newbery
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine M. Abbott
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Tucker RM, Mack CL. Generation of a cholangiocyte-specific cDNA expression library for the identification of B and T cell autoantigens in murine biliary disease. Hepatol Res 2012; 42:502-7. [PMID: 22236071 PMCID: PMC3798039 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2011.00951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Several mouse models of inflammatory cholangiopathies exist, including biliary atresia, primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. In an ongoing effort to identify the target antigens of both infiltrating autoreactive T cells and serum autoantibodies, we aimed to generate a cholangiocyte-derived cDNA library capable of expressing a wide variety of proteins. METHODS mRNA was isolated from a normal mouse cholangiocyte cell line and reverse transcribed into cDNA. After initial cloning of the cDNA into a transfer vector (pDONR222), the entire library was shuttled into an Escherichia coli expression vector (pDEST160). RESULTS The library contains 2.3 × 10(6) independent clones and expresses proteins up to 100 kD in molecular weight. Using a variety of techniques, including western blot analysis, mass spectrometry of individual clones, and direct DNA sequencing of plasmids, a number of both ubiquitously expressed and cholangiocyte-specific proteins (e.g. cytokeratin 19) have been identified within. CONCLUSION A comprehensive mouse cholangiocyte cDNA expression library has been generated and is available for use as a source of multiple cholangiocyte-specific antigens for immunological studies. The library can be used to screen for specificity of T cell lines or hybridomas. Furthermore, this library has potential uses in SEREX analysis of autoantibody reactivity. The cholangiocyte-specific cDNA library is a powerful tool for the identification of target antigens in murine inflammatory cholangiopathies and is available as a shared resource.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cara L. Mack
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver,Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Cho SJ, Lee HS, Dutta S, Seog DH, Moon IS. Translation elongation factor-1A1 (eEF1A1) localizes to the spine by domain III. BMB Rep 2012; 45:227-32. [DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2012.45.4.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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50
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Martins-de-Souza D, Guest PC, Mann DM, Roeber S, Rahmoune H, Bauder C, Kretzschmar H, Volk B, Baborie A, Bahn S. Proteomic analysis identifies dysfunction in cellular transport, energy, and protein metabolism in different brain regions of atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:2533-43. [PMID: 22360420 DOI: 10.1021/pr2012279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is an umbrella term for a heterogeneous group of young-onset dementias of uncertain prevalence and incidence worldwide. Atypical cases of FTLD with fused in sarcoma inclusions (aFTLD-U) have been described recently, but their molecular characterization is still due. Using shotgun mass spectrometry, we identified a total of 107 differentially expressed proteins in the prefrontal cortex, cerebellum and occipital lobe from aFTLD-U patients compared to controls. These proteins are involved in a range of biological pathways such as cellular transport in the prefrontal cortex, energy metabolism in the cerebellum, and protein metabolism in the occipital lobe. In addition, they were validated by selective reaction monitoring (SRM). Comparison of the aFTLD-U proteomic findings with similar studies of Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia led to identification of proteins that may be related to dementias and psychoses, respectively. Further studies of aFTLD-U and other FTLD subtypes are warranted, although this will require intensive biobanking efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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