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González-Suárez M, Aguilar-Arnal L. Histone methylation: at the crossroad between circadian rhythms in transcription and metabolism. Front Genet 2024; 15:1343030. [PMID: 38818037 PMCID: PMC11137191 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1343030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms, essential 24-hour cycles guiding biological functions, synchronize organisms with daily environmental changes. These rhythms, which are evolutionarily conserved, govern key processes like feeding, sleep, metabolism, body temperature, and endocrine secretion. The central clock, located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), orchestrates a hierarchical network, synchronizing subsidiary peripheral clocks. At the cellular level, circadian expression involves transcription factors and epigenetic remodelers, with environmental signals contributing flexibility. Circadian disruption links to diverse diseases, emphasizing the urgency to comprehend the underlying mechanisms. This review explores the communication between the environment and chromatin, focusing on histone post-translational modifications. Special attention is given to the significance of histone methylation in circadian rhythms and metabolic control, highlighting its potential role as a crucial link between metabolism and circadian rhythms. Understanding these molecular intricacies holds promise for preventing and treating complex diseases associated with circadian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Aguilar-Arnal
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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2
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Veerapaneni P, Goo B, Ahmadieh S, Shi H, Kim DS, Ogbi M, Cave S, Chouhaita R, Cyriac N, Fulton DJ, Verin AD, Chen W, Lei Y, Lu XY, Kim HW, Weintraub NL. Transgenic Overexpression of HDAC9 Promotes Adipocyte Hypertrophy, Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis in Aging Mice. Biomolecules 2024; 14:494. [PMID: 38672510 PMCID: PMC11048560 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) 9 is a negative regulator of adipogenic differentiation, which is required for maintenance of healthy adipose tissues. We reported that HDAC9 expression is upregulated in adipose tissues during obesity, in conjunction with impaired adipogenic differentiation, adipocyte hypertrophy, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis, all of which were alleviated by global genetic deletion of Hdac9. Here, we developed a novel transgenic (TG) mouse model to test whether overexpression of Hdac9 is sufficient to induce adipocyte hypertrophy, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in the absence of obesity. HDAC9 TG mice gained less body weight than wild-type (WT) mice when fed a standard laboratory diet for up to 40 weeks, which was attributed to reduced fat mass (primarily inguinal adipose tissue). There was no difference in insulin sensitivity or glucose tolerance in 18-week-old WT and HDAC9 TG mice; however, at 40 weeks of age, HDAC9 TG mice exhibited impaired insulin sensitivity and glucose intolerance. Tissue histology demonstrated adipocyte hypertrophy, along with reduced numbers of mature adipocytes and stromovascular cells, in the HDAC9 TG mouse adipose tissue. Moreover, increased lipids were detected in the livers of aging HDAC9 TG mice, as evaluated by oil red O staining. In conclusion, the experimental aging HDAC9 TG mice developed adipocyte hypertrophy, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis, independent of obesity. This novel mouse model may be useful in the investigation of the impact of Hdac9 overexpression associated with metabolic and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praneet Veerapaneni
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
| | - Brandee Goo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
| | - Samah Ahmadieh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
| | - Hong Shi
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - David S. Kim
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
| | - Mourad Ogbi
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
| | - Stephen Cave
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
| | - Ronnie Chouhaita
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
| | - Nicole Cyriac
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
| | - David J. Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Alexander D. Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Weiqin Chen
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Yun Lei
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (Y.L.); (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Xin-Yun Lu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (Y.L.); (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Ha Won Kim
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Neal L. Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (P.V.); (B.G.); (S.A.); (H.S.); (D.S.K.); (M.O.); (S.C.); (R.C.); (N.C.); (D.J.F.); (A.D.V.); (H.W.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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3
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Zaczek A, Lewiński A, Karbownik-Lewińska M, Lehoczki A, Gesing A. Impact of visceral adipose tissue on longevity and metabolic health: a comparative study of gene expression in perirenal and epididymal fat of Ames dwarf mice. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01131-1. [PMID: 38517641 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01131-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging research underscores the pivotal role of adipose tissue in regulating systemic aging processes, particularly when viewed through the lens of the endocrine hypotheses of aging. This study delves into the unique adipose characteristics in an important animal model of aging - the long-lived Ames dwarf (df/df) mice. Characterized by a Prop1df gene mutation, these mice exhibit a deficiency in growth hormone (GH), prolactin, and TSH, alongside extremely low circulating IGF-1 levels. Intriguingly, while surgical removal of visceral fat (VFR) enhances insulin sensitivity in normal mice, it paradoxically increases insulin resistance in Ames dwarfs. This suggests an altered profile of factors produced in visceral fat in the absence of GH, indicating a unique interplay between adipose tissue function and hormonal influences in these models. Our aim was to analyze the gene expression related to lipid and glucose metabolism, insulin pathways, inflammation, thermoregulation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and epigenetic regulation in the visceral (perirenal and epididymal) adipose tissue of Ames dwarf and normal mice. Our findings reveal an upregulation in the expression of key genes such as Lpl, Adrβ3, Rstn, Foxo1, Foxo3a, Irs1, Cfd, Aldh2, Il6, Tnfα, Pgc1α, Ucp2, and Ezh2 in perirenal and Akt1, Foxo3a, PI3k, Ir, Acly, Il6, Ring1a, and Ring 1b in epididymal fat in df/df mice. These results suggest that the longevity phenotype in Ames dwarfs, which is determined by peripubertal GH/IGF-1 levels, may also involve epigenetic reprogramming of adipose tissue influenced by hormonal changes. The increased expression of genes involved in metabolic regulation, tumor suppression, mitochondrial biogenesis, and insulin pathways in Ames dwarf mice highlights potentially beneficial aspects of this model, opening new avenues for understanding the molecular underpinnings of longevity and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zaczek
- Department of Endocrinology of Ageing, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lewiński
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Karbownik-Lewińska
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School, Health Sciences Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, National Institute for Haematology and Infectious Diseases, South Pest Central Hospital, 1097, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Gesing
- Department of Endocrinology of Ageing, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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4
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Zhao Y, Skovgaard Z, Wang Q. Regulation of adipogenesis by histone methyltransferases. Differentiation 2024; 136:100746. [PMID: 38241884 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2024.100746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is a critical component of lineage determination. Adipogenesis is the process through which uncommitted stem cells or adipogenic precursor cells differentiate into adipocytes, the most abundant cell type of the adipose tissue. Studies examining chromatin modification during adipogenesis have provided further understanding of the molecular blueprint that controls the onset of adipogenic differentiation. Unlike histone acetylation, histone methylation has context dependent effects on the activity of a transcribed region of DNA, with individual or combined marks on different histone residues providing distinct signals for gene expression. Over half of the 42 histone methyltransferases identified in mammalian cells have been investigated in their role during adipogenesis, but across the large body of literature available, there is a lack of clarity over potential correlations or emerging patterns among the different players. In this review, we will summarize important findings from studies published in the past 15 years that have investigated the role of histone methyltransferases during adipogenesis, including both protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) and lysine methyltransferases (KMTs). We further reveal that PRMT1/4/5, H3K4 KMTs (MLL1, MLL3, MLL4, SMYD2 and SET7/9) and H3K27 KMTs (EZH2) all play positive roles during adipogenesis, while PRMT6/7 and H3K9 KMTs (G9a, SUV39H1, SUV39H2, and SETDB1) play negative roles during adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qinyi Wang
- Computer Science Department, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, USA
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5
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W-M Fan T, Islam JMM, Higashi RM, Lin P, Brainson CF, Lane AN. Metabolic reprogramming driven by EZH2 inhibition depends on cell-matrix interactions. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105485. [PMID: 37992808 PMCID: PMC10770523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
EZH2 (Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2), a subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), catalyzes the trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), which represses expression of genes. It also has PRC2-independent functions, including transcriptional coactivation of oncogenes, and is frequently overexpressed in lung cancers. Clinically, EZH2 inhibition can be achieved with the FDA-approved drug EPZ-6438 (tazemetostat). To realize the full potential of EZH2 blockade, it is critical to understand how cell-cell/cell-matrix interactions present in 3D tissue and cell culture systems influences this blockade in terms of growth-related metabolic functions. Here, we show that EZH2 suppression reduced growth of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in 2D cultures but stimulated growth in 3D cultures. To understand the metabolic underpinnings, we employed [13C6]-glucose stable isotope-resolved metabolomics to determine the effect of EZH2 suppression on metabolic networks in 2D versus 3D A549 cultures. The Krebs cycle, neoribogenesis, γ-aminobutyrate metabolism, and salvage synthesis of purine nucleotides were activated by EZH2 suppression in 3D spheroids but not in 2D cells, consistent with the growth effect. Using simultaneous 2H7-glucose + 13C5,15N2-Gln tracers and EPZ-6438 inhibition of H3 trimethylation, we delineated the effects on the Krebs cycle, γ-aminobutyrate metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and purine salvage to be PRC2-dependent. Furthermore, the growth/metabolic effects differed for mouse Matrigel versus self-produced A549 extracellular matrix. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of the presence and nature of extracellular matrix in studying the function of EZH2 and its inhibitors in cancer cells for modeling the in vivo outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa W-M Fan
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
| | - Jahid M M Islam
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Penghui Lin
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christine F Brainson
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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6
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Wu X, Xu M, Geng M, Chen S, Little PJ, Xu S, Weng J. Targeting protein modifications in metabolic diseases: molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:220. [PMID: 37244925 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represents a major public health burden worldwide. The most common form of NCD is metabolic diseases, which affect people of all ages and usually manifest their pathobiology through life-threatening cardiovascular complications. A comprehensive understanding of the pathobiology of metabolic diseases will generate novel targets for improved therapies across the common metabolic spectrum. Protein posttranslational modification (PTM) is an important term that refers to biochemical modification of specific amino acid residues in target proteins, which immensely increases the functional diversity of the proteome. The range of PTMs includes phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, neddylation, glycosylation, palmitoylation, myristoylation, prenylation, cholesterylation, glutathionylation, S-nitrosylation, sulfhydration, citrullination, ADP ribosylation, and several novel PTMs. Here, we offer a comprehensive review of PTMs and their roles in common metabolic diseases and pathological consequences, including diabetes, obesity, fatty liver diseases, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Building upon this framework, we afford a through description of proteins and pathways involved in metabolic diseases by focusing on PTM-based protein modifications, showcase the pharmaceutical intervention of PTMs in preclinical studies and clinical trials, and offer future perspectives. Fundamental research defining the mechanisms whereby PTMs of proteins regulate metabolic diseases will open new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510000, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Mengya Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute and School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, QLD, 4575, Australia
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510000, Guangzhou, China.
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, China.
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7
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Shi H, Goo B, Kim D, Kress TC, Ogbi M, Mintz J, Wu H, Belin de Chantemèle EJ, Stepp D, Long X, Guha A, Lee R, Carbone L, Annex BH, Hui DY, Kim HW, Weintraub NL. Perivascular adipose tissue promotes vascular dysfunction in murine lupus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1095034. [PMID: 37006244 PMCID: PMC10062185 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1095034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at elevated risk for Q10 cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to accelerated atherosclerosis. Compared to heathy control subjects, lupus patients have higher volumes and densities of thoracic aortic perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which independently associates with vascular calcification, a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the biological and functional role of PVAT in SLE has not been directly investigated. Methods Using mouse models of lupus, we studied the phenotype and function of PVAT, and the mechanisms linking PVAT and vascular dysfunction in lupus disease. Results and discussion Lupus mice were hypermetabolic and exhibited partial lipodystrophy, with sparing of thoracic aortic PVAT. Using wire myography, we found that mice with active lupus exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation of thoracic aorta, which was further exacerbated in the presence of thoracic aortic PVAT. Interestingly, PVAT from lupus mice exhibited phenotypic switching, as evidenced by "whitening" and hypertrophy of perivascular adipocytes along with immune cell infiltration, in association with adventitial hyperplasia. In addition, expression of UCP1, a brown/beige adipose marker, was dramatically decreased, while CD45-positive leukocyte infiltration was increased, in PVAT from lupus mice. Furthermore, PVAT from lupus mice exhibited a marked decrease in adipogenic gene expression, concomitant with increased pro-inflammatory adipocytokine and leukocyte marker expression. Taken together, these results suggest that dysfunctional, inflamed PVAT may contribute to vascular disease in lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Shi
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Brandee Goo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - David Kim
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Taylor C. Kress
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Mourad Ogbi
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - James Mintz
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Hanping Wu
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Eric J. Belin de Chantemèle
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - David Stepp
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Xiaochun Long
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Avirup Guha
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Richard Lee
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Laura Carbone
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Brian H. Annex
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - David Y. Hui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Ha Won Kim
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Neal L. Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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8
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Multiomics characteristics and immunotherapeutic potential of EZH2 in pan-cancer. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:232355. [PMID: 36545914 PMCID: PMC9842950 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20222230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a significant epigenetic regulator that plays a critical role in the development and progression of cancer. However, the multiomics features and immunological effects of EZH2 in pan-cancer remain unclear. Transcriptome and clinical raw data of pan-cancer samples were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, and subsequent data analyses were conducted by using R software (version 4.1.0). Furthermore, numerous bioinformatics analysis databases also reapplied to comprehensively explore and elucidate the oncogenic mechanism and therapeutic potential of EZH2 from pan-cancer insight. Finally, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical assays were performed to verify the differential expression of EZH2 gene in various cancers at the mRNA and protein levels. EZH2 was widely expressed in multiple normal and tumor tissues, predominantly located in the nucleoplasm. Compared with matched normal tissues, EZH2 was aberrantly expressed in most cancers either at the mRNA or protein level, which might be caused by genetic mutations, DNA methylation, and protein phosphorylation. Additionally, EZH2 expression was correlated with clinical prognosis, and its up-regulation usually indicated poor survival outcomes in cancer patients. Subsequent analysis revealed that EZH2 could promote tumor immune evasion through T-cell dysfunction and T-cell exclusion. Furthermore, expression of EZH2 exhibited a strong correlation with several immunotherapy-associated responses (i.e., immune checkpoint molecules, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), mismatch repair (MMR) status, and neoantigens), suggesting that EZH2 appeared to be a novel target for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy.
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9
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Lin HP, Singla B, Ahn W, Ghoshal P, Blahove M, Cherian-Shaw M, Chen A, Haller A, Hui DY, Dong K, Zhou J, White J, Stranahan AM, Jasztal A, Lucas R, Stansfield BK, Fulton D, Chlopicki S, Csányi G. Receptor-independent fluid-phase macropinocytosis promotes arterial foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eadd2376. [PMID: 36130017 PMCID: PMC9645012 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add2376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of lipid-laden foam cells in the arterial wall plays a central role in atherosclerotic lesion development, plaque progression, and late-stage complications of atherosclerosis. However, there are still fundamental gaps in our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms leading to foam cell formation in atherosclerotic arteries. Here, we investigated the role of receptor-independent macropinocytosis in arterial lipid accumulation and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Genetic inhibition of fluid-phase macropinocytosis in myeloid cells (LysMCre+ Nhe1fl/fl) and repurposing of a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug that inhibits macrophage macropinocytosis substantially decreased atherosclerotic lesion development in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient and Apoe-/- mice. Stimulation of macropinocytosis using genetic (H-RASG12V) and physiologically relevant approaches promoted internalization of unmodified native (nLDL) and modified [e.g., acetylated (ac) and oxidized (ox) LDL] lipoproteins in both wild-type and scavenger receptor (SR) knockout (Cd36-/-/Sra-/-) macrophages. Pharmacological inhibition of macropinocytosis in hypercholesterolemic wild-type and Cd36-/-/Sra-/- mice identified an important role of macropinocytosis in LDL uptake by lesional macrophages and development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, serial section high-resolution imaging, LDL immunolabeling, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of subendothelial foam cells provide visual evidence of lipid macropinocytosis in both human and murine atherosclerotic arteries. Our findings complement the SR paradigm of atherosclerosis and identify a therapeutic strategy to counter the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Lin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Bhupesh Singla
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - WonMo Ahn
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Pushpankur Ghoshal
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Maria Blahove
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Mary Cherian-Shaw
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Alex Chen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - April Haller
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - David Y. Hui
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Joseph White
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Alexis M. Stranahan
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Agnieszka Jasztal
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Brian K. Stansfield
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - David Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Gábor Csányi
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
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10
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Goo B, Ahmadieh S, Zarzour A, Yiew NKH, Kim D, Shi H, Greenway J, Cave S, Nguyen J, Aribindi S, Wendolowski M, Veerapaneni P, Ogbi M, Chen W, Lei Y, Lu XY, Kim HW, Weintraub NL. Sex-Dependent Role of Adipose Tissue HDAC9 in Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 11:2698. [PMID: 36078104 PMCID: PMC9454798 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for both metabolic and cardiovascular disease. We reported that, in obese male mice, histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) is upregulated in adipose tissues, and global deletion of HDAC9 protected against high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and metabolic disease. Here, we investigated the impact of adipocyte-specific HDAC9 gene deletion on diet-induced obesity in male and female mice. The HDAC9 gene expression was increased in adipose tissues of obese male and female mice and HDAC9 expression correlated positively with body mass index in humans. Interestingly, female, but not male, adipocyte-specific HDAC9 KO mice on HFD exhibited reduced body weight and visceral adipose tissue mass, adipocyte hypertrophy, and improved insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and adipogenic differentiation gene expression. Furthermore, adipocyte-specific HDAC9 gene deletion in female mice improved metabolic health as assessed by whole body energy expenditure, oxygen consumption, and adaptive thermogenesis. Mechanistically, compared to female mice, HFD-fed male mice exhibited preferential HDAC9 expression in the stromovascular fraction, which may have offset the impact of adipocyte-specific HDAC9 gene deletion in male mice. These results suggest that HDAC9 expressed in adipocytes is detrimental to obesity in female mice and provides novel evidence of sex-related differences in HDAC9 cellular expression and contribution to obesity-related metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandee Goo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Samah Ahmadieh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., BI5076, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Abdalrahman Zarzour
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., BI5076, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Nicole K. H. Yiew
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - David Kim
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Hong Shi
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., BI5076, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jacob Greenway
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Stephen Cave
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jenny Nguyen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Swetha Aribindi
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mark Wendolowski
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Praneet Veerapaneni
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mourad Ogbi
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Weiqin Chen
- Departments of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CA3126, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yun Lei
- Departments of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CA3008, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Xin-Yun Lu
- Departments of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CA3008, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ha Won Kim
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., BI5076, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Neal L. Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., CB3940, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St., BI5076, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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11
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Lin XH, Zhang DY, Liu ZY, Tang WQ, Chen RX, Li DP, Weng S, Dong L. lncRNA-AC079061.1/VIPR1 axis may suppress the development of hepatocellular carcinoma: a bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Lab Invest 2022; 20:379. [PMID: 36038907 PMCID: PMC9422102 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant tumors to threaten human life, and the survival rate remains low due to delayed diagnosis. Meanwhile, lncRNAs have great potential for application in tumor prognosis, therefore relevant research in hepatocellular carcinoma is indispensable. Methods Based on the EZH2 expression, the differentially expressed lncRNAs DElncRNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were identified in hepatocellular carcinoma by using the TCGA database. Bioinformatics technology was utilized to determine the effect of key genes in HCC progression. The methylation and immune infiltration analyses were performed to explore the underlying function of hub genes. Finally, cellular function experiments were performed to investigate the association between identified genes and biological phenotypes in HCC. Results lncRNA-AC079061.1, hsa-miR-765, and VIPR1 were identified as independent factors that affect the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. The immune infiltration analyses revealed that lncRNA-AC079061.1 can alter the immune microenvironment and thus inhibit the development of HCC by regulating the expression of an immune-related gene (VIPR1). Methylation analyses demonstrated that VIPR1 expression is negatively related to the methylation level in HCC. Experimental results suggested that lncRNA-AC079061.1 and VIPR1 were frequently downregulated in HCC cells, while hsa-miR-765 was significantly upregulated. Moreover, the lncRNA-AC079061.1/VIPR1 axis suppressed the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells. Conclusion The present study identified the lncRNA-AC079061.1/VIPR1 axis as a novel biomarker that inhibited the proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma, affecting the ultimate disease outcome. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03573-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Hui Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dan-Ying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wen-Qing Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rong-Xin Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dong-Ping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuqiang Weng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ling Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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12
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Zhang T, Guo Z, Huo X, Gong Y, Li C, Huang J, Wang Y, Feng H, Ma X, Jiang C, Yin Q, Xue L. Dysregulated lipid metabolism blunts the sensitivity of cancer cells to EZH2 inhibitor. EBioMedicine 2022; 77:103872. [PMID: 35158113 PMCID: PMC8850333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sensitivity has been a key issue for Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibitors in cancer therapy. The EZH2 inhibitor EPZ-6438 was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2020. However, its inadequate anti-cancer activity in solid tumors limits its clinical application. In this study, we utilized the multiple cancer cell lines, which are less sensitive to the EZH2 inhibitor GSK126, combining animal model and clinical data to investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods IncuCyte S3 was used to explore the difference in the responsiveness of hematological tumor cells and solid tumor cells to GSK126. Transcriptome and metabolome of B16F10 cells after GSK126 treatment were analyzed and the distinct changes in the metabolic profile were revealed. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blot experiments were used to further verify the multi-omics data. ChIP-qPCR was performed to detected H3K27me3 enrichment of target genes. Finally, the anti-tumor effects of combining GSK126 and lipid metabolism drugs were observed with IncuCyte S3 platform, CCK-8 and animal model respectively. Findings We found that although the proliferative phenotype did not show strong difference upon treatment with GSK126, the transcriptome and metabolome changed profoundly. GSK126 treatment led to broad shifts in glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. Lipid synthesis was strengthened manifested by the increasing abundance of unsaturated fatty acids. SCD1 and ELOVL2 were regulated by H3K27me3 at gene regulatory region, and upregulated by EZH2 knockdown and inhibitors. SCD1 knockdown increased cellular sensitivity to GSK126. Based on the findings above, the application of the combination with SCD1 inhibitor significantly attenuated the proliferation of cancer and increased the sensitivity to GSK126 by suppressing desaturation of fatty acids. Interpretation Dysregulated lipid metabolism can blunt the sensitivity of cancer cells to GSK126. These characteristics shed light on the novel combination therapy strategies to combat tumor resistance. Funding National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81672091, No.91749107 and No. 81972966).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengrui Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Zhengyang Guo
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xiao Huo
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yueqing Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hao Feng
- Faculty of science, Biology Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C8, Canada.
| | - Xiaojuan Ma
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Qianqian Yin
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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13
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The Potential to Fight Obesity with Adipogenesis Modulating Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042299. [PMID: 35216415 PMCID: PMC8879274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an increasingly severe public health problem, which brings huge social and economic burdens. Increased body adiposity in obesity is not only tightly associated with type 2 diabetes, but also significantly increases the risks of other chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases, fatty liver diseases and cancers. Adipogenesis describes the process of the differentiation and maturation of adipocytes, which accumulate in distributed adipose tissue at various sites in the body. The major functions of white adipocytes are to store energy as fat during periods when energy intake exceeds expenditure and to mobilize this stored fuel when energy expenditure exceeds intake. Brown/beige adipocytes contribute to non-shivering thermogenesis upon cold exposure and adrenergic stimulation, and thereby promote energy consumption. The imbalance of energy intake and expenditure causes obesity. Recent interest in epigenetics and signaling pathways has utilized small molecule tools aimed at modifying obesity-specific gene expression. In this review, we discuss compounds with adipogenesis-related signaling pathways and epigenetic modulating properties that have been identified as potential therapeutic agents which cast some light on the future treatment of obesity.
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14
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Huo M, Zhang J, Huang W, Wang Y. Interplay Among Metabolism, Epigenetic Modifications, and Gene Expression in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:793428. [PMID: 35004688 PMCID: PMC8740611 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.793428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications and metabolism are two fundamental biological processes. During tumorigenesis and cancer development both epigenetic and metabolic alterations occur and are often intertwined together. Epigenetic modifications contribute to metabolic reprogramming by modifying the transcriptional regulation of metabolic enzymes, which is crucial for glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Metabolites provide substrates for epigenetic modifications, including histone modification (methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation), DNA and RNA methylation and non-coding RNAs. Simultaneously, some metabolites can also serve as substrates for nonhistone post-translational modifications that have an impact on the development of tumors. And metabolic enzymes also regulate epigenetic modifications independent of their metabolites. In addition, metabolites produced by gut microbiota influence host metabolism. Understanding the crosstalk among metabolism, epigenetic modifications, and gene expression in cancer may help researchers explore the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and progression to metastasis, thereby provide strategies for the prevention and therapy of cancer. In this review, we summarize the progress in the understanding of the interactions between cancer metabolism and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Huo
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Development of a UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of a dual EZH1/2 inhibitor UNC1999 in rat plasma. Bioanalysis 2021; 14:67-74. [PMID: 34841882 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2021-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to establish and validate a simple and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of UNC1999, a dual inhibitor against EZH1 and EZH2 in plasma samples. Materials & methods: UNC1999 in rat plasma was processed with protein precipitation method and then separated on a C18 column and detected under positive ionization mode. The method presented good linearity over the range of 1.0-2000 ng/ml with good accuracy and precision. UNC1999 was absorbed slowly and achieved a maximum concentration of 118.8 ± 12.0 ng/ml 1.5 h after oral administration. Conclusion: The method provides a favorable character in selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effects and stabilities and was suitable for describing the pharmacokinetic profile of UNC1999.
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16
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Gao W, Liu JL, Lu X, Yang Q. Epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:480-499. [PMID: 34289049 PMCID: PMC8530523 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally. Although modern adoption of a sedentary lifestyle coupled with energy-dense nutrition is considered to be the main cause of obesity epidemic, genetic preposition contributes significantly to the imbalanced energy metabolism in obesity. However, the variants of genetic loci identified from large-scale genetic studies do not appear to fully explain the rapid increase in obesity epidemic in the last four to five decades. Recent advancements of next-generation sequencing technologies and studies of tissue-specific effects of epigenetic factors in metabolic organs have significantly advanced our understanding of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. The epigenome, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA-mediated processes, is characterized as mitotically or meiotically heritable changes in gene function without alteration of DNA sequence. Importantly, epigenetic modifications are reversible. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the landscape of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism could unravel novel molecular targets for obesity treatment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications such as methylation and acetylation, and RNA-mediated processes in regulating energy metabolism. We also discuss the effects of lifestyle modifications and therapeutic agents on epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jia-Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, UC Irvine Diabetes Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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17
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Wang Z, Li X, Yang J, Gong Y, Zhang H, Qiu X, Liu Y, Zhou C, Chen Y, Greenbaum J, Cheng L, Hu Y, Xie J, Yang X, Li Y, Schiller MR, Chen Y, Tan L, Tang SY, Shen H, Xiao HM, Deng HW. Single-cell RNA sequencing deconvolutes the in vivo heterogeneity of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4192-4206. [PMID: 34803492 PMCID: PMC8579438 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that have a critical role in the maintenance of skeletal tissues such as bone, cartilage, and the fat in bone marrow. In addition to providing microenvironmental support for hematopoietic processes, BM-MSCs can differentiate into various mesodermal lineages including osteoblast/osteocyte, chondrocyte, and adipocyte that are crucial for bone metabolism. While BM-MSCs have high cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression, the cell subtypes that contribute to this heterogeneity in vivo in humans have not been characterized. To investigate the transcriptional diversity of BM-MSCs, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on freshly isolated CD271+ BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) from two human subjects. We successfully identified LEPRhiCD45low BM-MSCs within the CD271+ BM-MNC population, and further codified the BM-MSCs into distinct subpopulations corresponding to the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation trajectories, as well as terminal-stage quiescent cells. Biological functional annotations of the transcriptomes suggest that osteoblast precursors induce angiogenesis coupled with osteogenesis, and chondrocyte precursors have the potential to differentiate into myocytes. We also discovered transcripts for several clusters of differentiation (CD) markers that were either highly expressed (e.g., CD167b, CD91, CD130 and CD118) or absent (e.g., CD74, CD217, CD148 and CD68) in BM-MSCs, representing potential novel markers for human BM-MSC purification. This study is the first systematic in vivo dissection of human BM-MSCs cell subtypes at the single-cell resolution, revealing an insight into the extent of their cellular heterogeneity and roles in maintaining bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zun Wang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Junxiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yun Gong
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Huixi Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xiang Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jonathan Greenbaum
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xucheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Martin R. Schiller
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine and School of Life Science, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, USA
| | - Yiping Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Lijun Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Si-Yuan Tang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Hunan Women's Research Association, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, System Biology and Data Information, Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
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Li Y, Tian M, Zhang D, Zhuang Y, Li Z, Xie S, Sun K. Long Non-Coding RNA Myosin Light Chain Kinase Antisense 1 Plays an Oncogenic Role in Gallbladder Carcinoma by Promoting Chemoresistance and Proliferation. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:6219-6230. [PMID: 34393514 PMCID: PMC8357316 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s323759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in human tumours, including gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). However, their biological functions and molecular mechanisms in tumorigenesis and progression remain largely unknown. Methods Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to verify the expression of lncRNA myosin light chain kinase antisense RNA 1 (MYLK-AS1) in 120 pairs of GBC tissues and paired adjacent non-tumour tissues, as well as in six different GBC cell lines (NOZ, EH-GB1, OCUG-1, GBC-SD, SGC-996 and QBC-939). Cell counting kit 8 was applied to explore cell proliferation and drug sensitivity assays. The target miRNAs (miR) of MYLK-AS1 and downstream target genes were predicted using Starbase 3.0 software and confirmed by double luciferase reporting test. The expression of proteins was assessed using Western blot assay. Results Here, we demonstrated that MYLK-AS1 was significantly upregulated and correlated with a poor prognosis and poor clinical characteristics in GBC. Furthermore, the forced expression of MYLK-AS1 significantly promoted GBC cell proliferation and resistance to gemcitabine in vitro. Mechanistically, MYLK-AS1 functioned as an efficient miR-217 sponge, thereby releasing the inhibition of enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 (EZH2) subunit expression. MYLK-AS1 promoted GBC cell proliferation and resistance to gemcitabine by upregulating EZH2 expression, and EZH2 was confirmed as a direct target of miR-217. Discussion Our results confirmed that the chemoresistant driver MYLK-AS1 might be a promising candidate as a therapeutic target for the treatment of advanced GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Li
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Tian
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Zhuang
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenqi Xie
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyu Sun
- Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
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19
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Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is enzymatic catalytic subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) that can alter downstream target genes expression by trimethylation of Lys-27 in histone 3 (H3K27me3). EZH2 could also regulate gene expression in ways besides H3K27me3. Functions of EZH2 in cells proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence have been identified. Its important roles in the pathophysiology of cancer are now widely concerned. Therefore, targeting EZH2 for cancer therapy is a hot research topic now and different types of EZH2 inhibitors have been developed. In this review, we summarize the structure and action modes of EZH2, focusing on up-to-date findings regarding the role of EZH2 in cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, metabolism, drug resistance, and immunity regulation. Furtherly, we highlight the advance of targeting EZH2 therapies in experiments and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Duan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfang Du
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang T, Gong Y, Meng H, Li C, Xue L. Symphony of epigenetic and metabolic regulation-interaction between the histone methyltransferase EZH2 and metabolism of tumor. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:72. [PMID: 32448308 PMCID: PMC7245796 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00862-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has suggested that epigenetic and metabolic alterations in cancer cells are highly intertwined. As the master epigenetic regulator, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) suppresses gene transcription mainly by catalyzing the trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and exerts highly enzymatic activity in cancer cells. Cancer cells undergo the profound metabolic reprogramming and manifest the distinct metabolic profile. The emerging studies have explored that EZH2 is involved in altering the metabolic profiles of tumor cells by multiple pathways, which cover glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Meanwhile, the stability and methyltransferase activity of EZH2 can be also affected by the metabolic activity of tumor cells through various mechanisms, including post-translational modification. In this review, we have summarized the correlation between EZH2 and cellular metabolic activity during tumor progression and drug treatment. Finally, as a promising target, we proposed a novel strategy through a combination of EZH2 inhibitors with metabolic regulators for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengrui Zhang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Yueqing Gong
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Hui Meng
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Chen Li
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
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