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Zhang QY, Xu LL, Zhong MT, Chen YK, Lai MQ, Wang Q, Xie XL. Gestational GenX and PFOA exposures induce hepatotoxicity, metabolic pathway, and microbiome shifts in weanling mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:168059. [PMID: 37884144 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium perfluoro (2-methyl-3-oxahexanoate) (GenX), a replacement for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), has been detected in multiple environmental media and biological samples worldwide. Accumulated evidence implies that GenX exposure might exert adverse health effects, although the underlying mechanisms have not been fully revealed. In this study, pregnant BALB/c mice were exposed to GenX (2 mg/kg/day), PFOA (1 mg/kg/day), or Milli-Q water by gavage from the first day of gestation (GD0) until GD21. Necropsy and tissue collection were conducted in pups at 4 weeks of age. PFOA and GenX induced similar histopathological changes in both the liver and the intestinal mucosa, accompanied by higher serum levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase. Moreover, the capacity of hepatic glycogen storage and intestinal mucus secretion were significantly decreased, suggesting dysfunction of liver metabolism and the intestinal mucosal barrier. A total of 637 and 352 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the liver tissues of GenX and PFOA group, respectively. Most of the enriched pathways from the DEGs by KEGG enrichment analysis were metabolism-associated. Moreover, overexpression of CYP4A14, Sult2a1, Cpt1b, Acaa1b, Igfbp1, Irs-2 and decreased expression of Gys2 were observed in livers of GenX exposed pups, supporting the hypothesis that there was metabolic disruption. Furthermore, DNA damage and cell cycle arrest proteins (Gadd45β, p21, Ppard) were significantly increased, while cell proliferation-related proteins (Cyclin E, Myc, EGFR) were decreased by gestational GenX exposure in the pups' liver. In addition, imbalance of gut microbiota and dysfunction of the intestinal mucosa barrier might contribute to hepatotoxicity at least in part. Taken together, our results suggested that gestational GenX exposure triggered metabolic disorder, which might be responsible for the hepatotoxicity in the pups in addition to dysfunction of the intestinal mucosa barrier. This study enriches the mechanisms of GenX-induced developmental hepatotoxicity by associating metabolic disorder with intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Yao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Ting Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Kui Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Quan Lai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China.
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Mazumdar D, Singh S. Diabetic Encephalopathy: Role of Oxidative and Nitrosative Factors in Type 2 Diabetes. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:3-17. [PMID: 38223005 PMCID: PMC10784252 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a set of complex metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycaemic condition due to defective insulin secretion (Type 1) and action (Type 2), which leads to serious micro and macro-vascular damage, inflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress and a deranged energy homeostasis due to imbalance in the glucose and lipid metabolism. Moreover, patient with diabetes mellitus often showed the nervous system disorders known as diabetic encephalopathy. The precise pathological mechanism of diabetic encephalopathy by which it effects the central nervous system directly or indirectly causing the cognitive and motor impairment, is not completely understood. However, it has been speculated that like other extracerebellar tissues, oxidative and nitrosative stress may play significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy. Therefore, the present review aimed to explain the possible association of the oxidative and nitrosative stress caused by the chronic hyperglycaemic condition with the central nervous system complications of the type 2 diabetes mellitus induced diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashree Mazumdar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009 India
| | - Santosh Singh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009 India
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Shi L, Wang L, Fang L, Li M, Tian J, Wang L, Zhao F. Integrating genome-wide association studies and population genomics analysis reveals the genetic architecture of growth and backfat traits in pigs. Front Genet 2022; 13:1078696. [PMID: 36506319 PMCID: PMC9732542 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1078696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth and fat deposition are complex traits, which can affect economical income in the pig industry. Due to the intensive artificial selection, a significant genetic improvement has been observed for growth and fat deposition in pigs. Here, we first investigated genomic-wide association studies (GWAS) and population genomics (e.g., selection signature) to explore the genetic basis of such complex traits in two Large White pig lines (n = 3,727) with the GeneSeek GGP Porcine HD array (n = 50,915 SNPs). Ten genetic variants were identified to be associated with growth and fatness traits in two Large White pig lines from different genetic backgrounds by performing both within-population GWAS and cross-population GWAS analyses. These ten significant loci represented eight candidate genes, i.e., NRG4, BATF3, IRS2, ANO1, ANO9, RNF152, KCNQ5, and EYA2. One of them, ANO1 gene was simultaneously identified for both two lines in BF100 trait. Compared to single-population GWAS, cross-population GWAS was less effective for identifying SNPs with population-specific effect, but more powerful for detecting SNPs with population-shared effects. We further detected genomic regions specifically selected in each of two populations, but did not observe a significant enrichment for the heritability of growth and backfat traits in such regions. In summary, the candidate genes will provide an insight into the understanding of the genetic architecture of growth-related traits and backfat thickness, and may have a potential use in the genomic breeding programs in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Poultry) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ligang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Poultry) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhao Fang
- Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mianyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Poultry) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Poultry) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Poultry) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lixian Wang, ; Fuping Zhao,
| | - Fuping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Poultry) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lixian Wang, ; Fuping Zhao,
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Metabolism of Imidazole Dipeptides, Taurine, Branched-Chain Amino Acids, and Polyamines of the Breast Muscle Are Affected by Post-Hatch Development in Chickens. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12010086. [PMID: 35050208 PMCID: PMC8778354 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore metabolic characteristics during the post-hatch developmental period, metabolomic analyses of breast muscle and plasma were performed in chickens. The most significant growth-related changes in metabolite levels were observed between seven and 28 days of age. Some of these metabolites are essential nutrients or reported as growth-promoting metabolites. In the muscle, two imidazole dipeptides—carnosine and its methylated metabolite, anserine—increased with the development. These dipeptide levels may be, in part, regulated transcriptionally because in the muscle mRNA levels of carnosine synthase and carnosine methylation enzyme increased. In contrast, taurine levels in the muscle decreased. This would be substrate availability-dependent because some upstream metabolites decreased in the muscle or plasma. In branched-chain amino acid metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine decreased in the muscle, while some of their downstream metabolites decreased in the plasma. The polyamines, putrescine and spermidine, decreased in the muscle. Furthermore, mRNA levels associated with insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling, which play important roles in muscle growth, increased in the muscle. These results indicate that some metabolic pathways would be important to clarify metabolic characteristics and/or growth of breast muscle during the post-hatch developmental period in chickens.
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Zasu A, Hishima F, Thauvin M, Yoneyama Y, Kitani Y, Hakuno F, Volovitch M, Takahashi SI, Vriz S, Rampon C, Kamei H. NADPH-Oxidase Derived Hydrogen Peroxide and Irs2b Facilitate Re-oxygenation-Induced Catch-Up Growth in Zebrafish Embryo. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:929668. [PMID: 35846271 PMCID: PMC9283716 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.929668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation induces multiple changes at the cellular and organismal levels, and its re-supply also brings another special physiological status. We have investigated the effects of hypoxia/re-oxygenation on embryonic growth using the zebrafish model: hypoxia slows embryonic growth, but re-oxygenation induces growth spurt or catch-up growth. The mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK)-pathway downstream insulin-like growth factor (IGF/Igf) has been revealed to positively regulate the re-oxygenation-induced catch-up growth, and the role of reactive oxygen species generated by environmental oxygen fluctuation is potentially involved in the phenomenon. Here, we report the role of NADPH-oxidase (Nox)-dependent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in the MAPK-activation and catch-up growth. The inhibition of Nox significantly blunted catch-up growth and MAPK-activity. Amongst two zebrafish insulin receptor substrate 2 genes (irs2a and irs2b), the loss of irs2b, but not its paralog irs2a, resulted in blunted MAPK-activation and catch-up growth. Furthermore, irs2b forcedly expressed in mammalian cells allowed IGF-MAPK augmentation in the presence of H2O2, and the irs2b deficiency completely abolished the somatotropic action of Nox in re-oxygenation condition. These results indicate that redox signaling alters IGF/Igf signaling to facilitate hypoxia/re-oxygenation-induced embryonic growth compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Zasu
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Noto, Japan
| | - Futa Hishima
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Noto, Japan
| | - Marion Thauvin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Ecole Doctorale 515-Complexité du Vivant, Paris, France
| | - Yosuke Yoneyama
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kitani
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hakuno
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michel Volovitch
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Paris, France
- Department of Biology, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Paris, France
- Laboratoire des BioMolécules (LBM), Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Université, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) University, Sorbonne Université, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
| | - Shin-Ichiro Takahashi
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sophie Vriz
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Paris, France
- Laboratoire des BioMolécules (LBM), Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Université, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) University, Sorbonne Université, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Faculty of Sciences, Paris, France
| | - Christine Rampon
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Paris, France
- Laboratoire des BioMolécules (LBM), Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Université, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) University, Sorbonne Université, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Faculty of Sciences, Paris, France
| | - Hiroyasu Kamei
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Noto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hiroyasu Kamei,
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Wigger D, Schumacher F, Schneider-Schaulies S, Kleuser B. Sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolism and insulin signaling. Cell Signal 2021; 82:109959. [PMID: 33631318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin is the main anabolic hormone secreted by β-cells of the pancreas stimulating the assimilation and storage of glucose in muscle and fat cells. It modulates the postprandial balance of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins via enhancing lipogenesis, glycogen and protein synthesis and suppressing glucose generation and its release from the liver. Resistance to insulin is a severe metabolic disorder related to a diminished response of peripheral tissues to the insulin action and signaling. This leads to a disturbed glucose homeostasis that precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D), a disease reaching epidemic proportions. A large number of studies reported an association between elevated circulating fatty acids and the development of insulin resistance. The increased fatty acid lipid flux results in the accumulation of lipid droplets in a variety of tissues. However, lipid intermediates such as diacylglycerols and ceramides are also formed in response to elevated fatty acid levels. These bioactive lipids have been associated with the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. More recently, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), another bioactive sphingolipid derivative, has also been shown to increase in T2D and obesity. Although many studies propose a protective role of S1P metabolism on insulin signaling in peripheral tissues, other studies suggest a causal role of S1P on insulin resistance. In this review, we critically summarize the current state of knowledge of S1P metabolism and its modulating role on insulin resistance. A particular emphasis is placed on S1P and insulin signaling in hepatocytes, skeletal muscle cells, adipocytes and pancreatic β-cells. In particular, modulation of receptors and enzymes that regulate S1P metabolism can be considered as a new therapeutic option for the treatment of insulin resistance and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Wigger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
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