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Zhu Y, Wang Z, Zheng J, Wang J, Chen Y, Huang C, Zhou H. RNA-seq revealed the anti-pyroptotic effect of suramin by suppressing NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pathway in LPS-induced MH-S alveolar macrophages. Gene 2024; 893:147888. [PMID: 37839766 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acting as one common sepsis-associated organ injury, induces uncontrolled and self-amplifies pulmonary inflammation. Given the lack of clinically effective approaches, the mortality rate of it still remains high. Suramin(SUR), as an antiparasitic drug initially, was found to ameliorate sepsis associated ALI in our previous work. However, the underlying mechanism of its protective effects has not been clarified. Pyroptosis, categorized as an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, could aggravate lung inflammatory responses via inducing alveolar macrophages (AM) pyroptosis. METHODS MH-S AM cell line was stimulated with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or suramin, and the differential expression genes (DEGs) were excavated using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). To identify the regulatory roles of these genes, pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs), GO/KEGG and GSEA analysis were conducted. We also performed WB, qRTPCR and ELISA to validate the RNA-seq results and further expound the protective effect of suramin. RESULTS 624 DEGs were identified between control (CON) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) groups, and enrichment analysis of these genes revealed significantly enriched pathways that related to immune system and signal transduction. Meanwhile, 500 DEGs were identified in LPS/SUR+LPS group. In addition to the pathways mentioned above, IL-17 pathway and C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway were also enriched. All 6 pathways were connected with pyroptosis. Concurrently, the "DESeq2" R package was used to identify differentially expressed PRGs. Nod1, Nod2, interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), NLRP3 were upregulated under LPS stimulation. Then, in SUR+LPS group, Nod2, IL-6, IL-1b, NLRP3 were downregulated. The validation results of WB, qRT-PCR, and ELISA showed: the protein and mRNA expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD and the concentrations of IL-1b, IL-18 were decreased when treated with suramin and LPS. CONCLUSION Suramin could inhibit NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD canonical pyroptosis pathway in LPS-induced MH-S alveolar macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jungang Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changshun Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haidong Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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Kaur J, Dora S. Purinergic signaling: Diverse effects and therapeutic potential in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1058371. [PMID: 36741002 PMCID: PMC9889871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1058371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regardless of improved biological insights and therapeutic advances, cancer is consuming multiple lives worldwide. Cancer is a complex disease with diverse cellular, metabolic, and physiological parameters as its hallmarks. This instigates a need to uncover the latest therapeutic targets to advance the treatment of cancer patients. Purines are building blocks of nucleic acids but also function as metabolic intermediates and messengers, as part of a signaling pathway known as purinergic signaling. Purinergic signaling comprises primarily adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (ADO), their analogous membrane receptors, and a set of ectonucleotidases, and has both short- and long-term (trophic) effects. Cells release ATP and ADO to modulate cellular function in an autocrine or paracrine manner by activating membrane-localized purinergic receptors (purinoceptors, P1 and P2). P1 receptors are selective for ADO and have four recognized subtypes-A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Purines and pyrimidines activate P2 receptors, and the P2X subtype is ligand-gated ion channel receptors. P2X has seven subtypes (P2X1-7) and forms homo- and heterotrimers. The P2Y subtype is a G protein-coupled receptor with eight subtypes (P2Y1/2/4/6/11/12/13/14). ATP, its derivatives, and purinoceptors are widely distributed in all cell types for cellular communication, and any imbalance compromises the homeostasis of the cell. Neurotransmission, neuromodulation, and secretion employ fast purinergic signaling, while trophic purinergic signaling regulates cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, invasion, and immune response during tumor progression. Thus, purinergic signaling is a prospective therapeutic target in cancer and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanchit Dora
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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3
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Schulze-Niemand E, Naumann M. The COP9 signalosome: A versatile regulatory hub of Cullin-RING ligases. Trends Biochem Sci 2023; 48:82-95. [PMID: 36041947 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a universal regulator of Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) - a family of modular enzymes that control various cellular processes via timely degradation of key signaling proteins. The CSN, with its eight-subunit architecture, employs multisite binding of CRLs and inactivates CRLs by removing a small ubiquitin-like modifier named neural precursor cell-expressed, developmentally downregulated 8 (Nedd8). Besides the active site of the catalytic subunit CSN5, two allosteric sites are present in the CSN, one of which recognizes the substrate recognition module and the presence of CRL substrates, and the other of which can 'glue' the CSN-CRL complex by recruitment of inositol hexakisphosphate. In this review, we present recent findings on the versatile regulation of CSN-CRL complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Schulze-Niemand
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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4
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Kröber T, Bartsch SM, Fiedler D. Pharmacological tools to investigate inositol polyphosphate kinases - Enzymes of increasing therapeutic relevance. Adv Biol Regul 2021; 83:100836. [PMID: 34802993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2021.100836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Inositol poly- and pyrophosphates (InsPs and PP-InsPs) are a group of central eukaryotic metabolites and signaling molecules. Due to the diverse cellular functions and widespread diseases InsPs and PP-InsPs are associated with, pharmacological targeting of the kinases involved in their biosynthesis has become a significant research interest in the last decade. In particular, the development of inhibitors for inositol hexakisphosphate kinases (IP6Ks) has leaped forward, while other inositol phosphate kinases have received scant attention. This review summarizes the efforts undertaken so far for discovering potent and selective inhibitors for this diverse group of small molecule kinases. The benefits of pharmacological inhibition are highlighted, given the multiple kinase-independent functions of inositol phosphate kinases. The distinct structural families of InsP and PP-InsP kinases are presented, and we discuss how compound availability for different inositol phosphate kinase families varies drastically. Lead compound discovery and optimization for the inositol kinases would benefit from detailed structural information on the ATP-binding sites of these kinases, as well as reliable biochemical and cellular read-outs to monitor inositol phosphate kinase activity in complex settings. Efforts to further tune well-established inhibitors, while simultaneously reviving tool compound development for the more neglected kinases from this family are indisputably worthwhile, considering the large potential therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kröber
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Simon M Bartsch
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dorothea Fiedler
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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5
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Taillandier D. [Metabolic pathways controlled by E3 ligases: an opportunity for therapeutic targeting]. Biol Aujourdhui 2021; 215:45-57. [PMID: 34397374 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2021006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery, the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) has been recognized for its major role in controlling most of the cell's metabolic pathways. In addition to its essential role in the degradation of proteins, it is also involved in the addressing, signaling or repair of DNA, which makes it a key player in cellular homeostasis. Although other control systems exist in the cell, the UPS is often referred to as the conductor. In view of its importance, any dysregulation of the UPS leads to more or less severe disorders for the cell and therefore the body, which accounts for UPS implication in many pathologies (cancer, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, etc.). UPS is made up of more than 1000 different proteins, the combinations of which allow the fine targeting of virtually all proteins in the body. UPS uses an enzymatic cascade (E1, 2 members; E2 > 35; E3 > 800) which allows the transfer of ubiquitin, a small protein of 8.5 kDa onto the protein to be targeted either for its degradation or to modify its activity. This ubiquitinylation signal is reversible and many deubiquitinylases (DUB, ∼ 80 isoforms) also have an important role. E3 enzymes are the most numerous and their function is to recognize the target protein, which makes them important players in the specific action of UPS. The very nature of E3 and the complexity of their interactions with different partners offer a very broad field of investigation and therefore significant potential for the development of therapeutic approaches. Without being exhaustive, this review illustrates the different strategies that have already been implemented to fight against different pathologies (excluding bacterial or viral infections).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Taillandier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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6
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Kim HS, Hammill JT, Scott DC, Chen Y, Rice AL, Pistel W, Singh B, Schulman BA, Guy RK. Improvement of Oral Bioavailability of Pyrazolo-Pyridone Inhibitors of the Interaction of DCN1/2 and UBE2M. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5850-5862. [PMID: 33945681 PMCID: PMC8159160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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The cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) are ubiquitin E3 enzymes that play a key role
in controlling proteasomal degradation and are activated by neddylation. We previously
reported inhibitors that target CRL activation by disrupting the interaction of
defective in cullin neddylation 1 (DCN1), a CRL neddylation co-E3, and UBE2M, a
neddylation E2. Our first-generation inhibitors possessed poor oral bioavailability and
fairly rapid clearance that hindered the study of acute inhibition of DCN-controlled CRL
activity in vivo. Herein, we report studies to improve the pharmacokinetic performance
of the pyrazolo-pyridone inhibitors. The current best inhibitor, 40,
inhibits the interaction of DCN1 and UBE2M, blocks NEDD8 transfer in biochemical assays,
thermally stabilizes cellular DCN1, and inhibits anchorage-independent growth in a DCN1
amplified squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Additionally, we demonstrate that a single
oral 50 mg/kg dose sustains plasma exposures above the biochemical IC90 for
24 h in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Shin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Jared T Hammill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Daniel C Scott
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Yizhe Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Amy L Rice
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - William Pistel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Bhuvanesh Singh
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Epithelial Cancer Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States.,Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
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Lin H, Yan Y, Luo Y, So WY, Wei X, Zhang X, Yang X, Zhang J, Su Y, Yang X, Zhang B, Zhang K, Jiang N, Chow BKC, Han W, Wang F, Rao F. IP 6-assisted CSN-COP1 competition regulates a CRL4-ETV5 proteolytic checkpoint to safeguard glucose-induced insulin secretion. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2461. [PMID: 33911083 PMCID: PMC8080631 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
COP1 and COP9 signalosome (CSN) are the substrate receptor and deneddylase of CRL4 E3 ligase, respectively. How they functionally interact remains unclear. Here, we uncover COP1–CSN antagonism during glucose-induced insulin secretion. Heterozygous Csn2WT/K70E mice with partially disrupted binding of IP6, a CSN cofactor, display congenital hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance. This is due to increased Cul4 neddylation, CRL4COP1 E3 assembly, and ubiquitylation of ETV5, an obesity-associated transcriptional suppressor of insulin secretion. Hyperglycemia reciprocally regulates CRL4-CSN versus CRL4COP1 assembly to promote ETV5 degradation. Excessive ETV5 degradation is a hallmark of Csn2WT/K70E, high-fat diet-treated, and ob/ob mice. The CRL neddylation inhibitor Pevonedistat/MLN4924 stabilizes ETV5 and remediates the hyperinsulinemia and obesity/diabetes phenotypes of these mice. These observations were extended to human islets and EndoC-βH1 cells. Thus, a CRL4COP1-ETV5 proteolytic checkpoint licensing GSIS is safeguarded by IP6-assisted CSN-COP1 competition. Deregulation of the IP6-CSN-CRL4COP1-ETV5 axis underlies hyperinsulinemia and can be intervened to reduce obesity and diabetic risk. Mediators of insulin signalling are targets of cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRL) that mediate protein degradation, but the role of protein degradation in insulin signalling is incompletely understood. Here, the authors identified a glucose-responsive CRL4-COP1-ETV5 proteolytic axis that promotes insulin secretion, and is inhibited under hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifan Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Yan So
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiayun Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaozhe Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Su
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bobo Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kangjun Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Weiping Han
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fengchao Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Rao
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Suramin Targets the Conserved Ligand-Binding Pocket of Human Raf1 Kinase Inhibitory Protein. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041151. [PMID: 33670019 PMCID: PMC7926937 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Suramin was initially used to treat African sleeping sickness and has been clinically tested to treat human cancers and HIV infection in the recent years. However, the therapeutic index is low with numerous clinical side-effects, attributed to its diverse interactions with multiple biological macromolecules. Here, we report a novel binding target of suramin, human Raf1 kinase inhibitory protein (hRKIP), which is an important regulatory protein involved in the Ras/Raf1/MEK/ERK (MAPK) signal pathway. Biolayer interference technology showed that suramin had an intermediate affinity for binding hRKIP with a dissociation constant of 23.8 µM. Both nuclear magnetic resonance technology and molecular docking analysis revealed that suramin bound to the conserved ligand-binding pocket of hRKIP, and that residues K113, W173, and Y181 play crucial roles in hRKIP binding suramin. Furthermore, suramin treatment at 160 µM could profoundly increase the ERK phosphorylation level by around 3 times. Our results indicate that suramin binds to hRKIP and prevents hRKIP from binding with hRaf1, thus promoting the MAPK pathway. This work is beneficial to both mechanistically understanding the side-effects of suramin and efficiently improving the clinical applications of suramin.
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