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Kim HS, Ortiz D, Kadayat TM, Fargo CM, Hammill JT, Chen Y, Rice AL, Begley KL, Shoeran G, Pistel W, Yates PA, Sanchez MA, Landfear SM, Guy RK. Optimization of Orally Bioavailable Antileishmanial 2,4,5-Trisubstituted Benzamides. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37216489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania species parasites, annually affects over 1 million individuals worldwide. Treatment options for leishmaniasis are limited due to high cost, severe adverse effects, poor efficacy, difficulty of use, and emerging drug resistance to all approved therapies. We discovered 2,4,5-trisubstituted benzamides (4) that possess potent antileishmanial activity but poor aqueous solubility. Herein, we disclose our optimization of the physicochemical and metabolic properties of 2,4,5-trisubstituted benzamide that retains potency. Extensive structure-activity and structure-property relationship studies allowed selection of early leads with suitable potency, microsomal stability, and improved solubility for progression. Early lead 79 exhibited an 80% oral bioavailability and potently blocked proliferation of Leishmania in murine models. These benzamide early leads are suitable for development as orally available antileishmanial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Shin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509 United States
| | - Diana Ortiz
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239 United States
| | - Tara Man Kadayat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509 United States
| | - Corinne M Fargo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239 United States
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239 United States
| | - Jared T Hammill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509 United States
| | - Yizhe Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509 United States
| | - Amy L Rice
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509 United States
| | - Kristin L Begley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509 United States
| | - Gaurav Shoeran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509 United States
| | - William Pistel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509 United States
| | - Phillip A Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239 United States
| | - Marco A Sanchez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239 United States
| | - Scott M Landfear
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239 United States
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239 United States
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509 United States
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Kim HS, Hammill JT, Scott DC, Chen Y, Rice AL, Pistel W, Singh B, Schulman BA, Guy RK. Improvement of Oral Bioavailability of Pyrazolo-Pyridone Inhibitors of the Interaction of DCN1/2 and UBE2M. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5850-5862. [PMID: 33945681 PMCID: PMC8159160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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The cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) are ubiquitin E3 enzymes that play a key role
in controlling proteasomal degradation and are activated by neddylation. We previously
reported inhibitors that target CRL activation by disrupting the interaction of
defective in cullin neddylation 1 (DCN1), a CRL neddylation co-E3, and UBE2M, a
neddylation E2. Our first-generation inhibitors possessed poor oral bioavailability and
fairly rapid clearance that hindered the study of acute inhibition of DCN-controlled CRL
activity in vivo. Herein, we report studies to improve the pharmacokinetic performance
of the pyrazolo-pyridone inhibitors. The current best inhibitor, 40,
inhibits the interaction of DCN1 and UBE2M, blocks NEDD8 transfer in biochemical assays,
thermally stabilizes cellular DCN1, and inhibits anchorage-independent growth in a DCN1
amplified squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Additionally, we demonstrate that a single
oral 50 mg/kg dose sustains plasma exposures above the biochemical IC90 for
24 h in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Shin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Jared T Hammill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Daniel C Scott
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Yizhe Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Amy L Rice
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - William Pistel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
| | - Bhuvanesh Singh
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Epithelial Cancer Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States.,Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40508, United States
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