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Palmieri EM, Holewinski R, McGinity CL, Pierri CL, Maio N, Weiss JM, Tragni V, Miranda KM, Rouault TA, Andresson T, Wink DA, McVicar DW. Pyruvate dehydrogenase operates as an intramolecular nitroxyl generator during macrophage metabolic reprogramming. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5114. [PMID: 37607904 PMCID: PMC10444860 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
M1 macrophages enter a glycolytic state when endogenous nitric oxide (NO) reprograms mitochondrial metabolism by limiting aconitase 2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity. Here, we provide evidence that NO targets the PDH complex by using lipoate to generate nitroxyl (HNO). PDH E2-associated lipoate is modified in NO-rich macrophages while the PDH E3 enzyme, also known as dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), is irreversibly inhibited. Mechanistically, we show that lipoate facilitates NO-mediated production of HNO, which interacts with thiols forming irreversible modifications including sulfinamide. In addition, we reveal a macrophage signature of proteins with reduction-resistant modifications, including in DLD, and identify potential HNO targets. Consistently, DLD enzyme is modified in an HNO-dependent manner at Cys477 and Cys484, and molecular modeling and mutagenesis show these modifications impair the formation of DLD homodimers. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that HNO is produced physiologically. Moreover, the production of HNO is dependent on the lipoate-rich PDH complex facilitating irreversible modifications that are critical to NO-dependent metabolic rewiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M Palmieri
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Ronald Holewinski
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | | | - Ciro L Pierri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan M Weiss
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Vincenzo Tragni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Katrina M Miranda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thorkell Andresson
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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2
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Miranda KM, Ridnour LA, Cheng RYS, Wink DA, Thomas DD. The Chemical Biology of NO that Regulates Oncogenic Signaling and Metabolism: NOS2 and Its Role in Inflammatory Disease. Crit Rev Oncog 2023; 28:27-45. [PMID: 37824385 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023047302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and the enzyme that synthesizes it, nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), have emerged as key players in inflammation and cancer. Expression of NOS2 in tumors has been correlated both with positive outcomes and with poor prognoses. The chemistry of NO is the major determinate to the biological outcome and the concentration of NO, which can range over five orders of magnitude, is critical in determining which pathways are activated. It is the activation of specific oncogenic and immunological mechanisms that shape the outcome. The kinetics of specific reactions determine the mechanisms of action. In this review, the relevant reactions of NO and related species are discussed with respect to these oncogenic and immunological signals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Robert Y S Cheng
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Douglas D Thomas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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3
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Kemp-Harper B. Vasoprotective Actions of Nitroxyl (HNO): A Story of Sibling Rivalry. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:S13-S18. [PMID: 34840263 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Nitroxyl (HNO), the 1 electron-reduced and protonated form of nitric oxide (NO•), has emerged as a nitrogen oxide with a suite of vasoprotective properties and therapeutic advantages over its redox sibling. Although HNO has garnered much attention due to its cardioprotective actions in heart failure, its ability to modulate vascular function, without the limitations of tolerance development and NO• resistance, is desirable in the treatment of vascular disease. HNO serves as a potent vasodilator and antiaggregatory agent and has an ability to limit vascular inflammation and reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, its resistance to scavenging by reactive oxygen species and ability to target distinct vascular signaling pathways (Kv, KATP, and calcitonin gene-related peptide) contribute to its preserved efficacy in hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. In this review, the vasoprotective actions of HNO will be compared with those of NO•, and the therapeutic utility of HNO donors in the treatment of angina, acute cardiovascular emergencies, and chronic vascular disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kemp-Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Platelets in Healthy and Disease States: From Biomarkers Discovery to Drug Targets Identification by Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124541. [PMID: 32630608 PMCID: PMC7352998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are a heterogeneous small anucleate blood cell population with a central role both in physiological haemostasis and in pathological states, spanning from thrombosis to inflammation, and cancer. Recent advances in proteomic studies provided additional important information concerning the platelet biology and the response of platelets to several pathophysiological pathways. Platelets circulate systemically and can be easily isolated from human samples, making proteomic application very interesting for characterizing the complexity of platelet functions in health and disease as well as for identifying and quantifying potential platelet proteins as biomarkers and novel antiplatelet therapeutic targets. To date, the highly dynamic protein content of platelets has been studied in resting and activated platelets, and several subproteomes have been characterized including platelet-derived microparticles, platelet granules, platelet releasates, platelet membrane proteins, and specific platelet post-translational modifications. In this review, a critical overview is provided on principal platelet proteomic studies focused on platelet biology from signaling to granules content, platelet proteome changes in several diseases, and the impact of drugs on platelet functions. Moreover, recent advances in quantitative platelet proteomics are discussed, emphasizing the importance of targeted quantification methods for more precise, robust and accurate quantification of selected proteins, which might be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, and their strong clinical impact in the near future.
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5
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Keceli G, Majumdar A, Thorpe CN, Jun S, Tocchetti CG, Lee DI, Mahaney JE, Paolocci N, Toscano JP. Nitroxyl (HNO) targets phospholamban cysteines 41 and 46 to enhance cardiac function. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:758-770. [PMID: 30842219 PMCID: PMC6571998 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) positively modulates myocardial function by accelerating Ca2+ reuptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). HNO-induced enhancement of myocardial Ca2+ cycling and function is due to the modification of cysteines in the transmembrane domain of phospholamban (PLN), which results in activation of SR Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) by functionally uncoupling PLN from SERCA2a. However, which cysteines are modified by HNO, and whether HNO induces reversible disulfides or single cysteine sulfinamides (RS(O)NH2) that are less easily reversed by reductants, remain to be determined. Using an 15N-edited NMR method for sulfinamide detection, we first demonstrate that Cys46 and Cys41 are the main targets of HNO reactivity with PLN. Supporting this conclusion, mutation of PLN cysteines 46 and 41 to alanine reduces the HNO-induced enhancement of SERCA2a activity. Treatment of WT-PLN with HNO leads to sulfinamide formation when the HNO donor is in excess, whereas disulfide formation is expected to dominate when the HNO/thiol stoichiometry approaches a 1:1 ratio that is more similar to that anticipated in vivo under normal, physiological conditions. Thus, 15N-edited NMR spectroscopy detects redox changes on thiols that are unique to HNO, greatly advancing the ability to detect HNO footprints in biological systems, while further differentiating HNO-induced post-translational modifications from those imparted by other reactive nitrogen or oxygen species. The present study confirms the potential of HNO as a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Keceli
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.,Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ananya Majumdar
- Biomolecular NMR Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chevon N Thorpe
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Seungho Jun
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Dong I Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - John P Toscano
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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6
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Petkowski JJ, Bains W, Seager S. Natural Products Containing a Nitrogen-Sulfur Bond. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:423-446. [PMID: 29364663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Only about 100 natural products are known to contain a nitrogen-sulfur (N-S) bond. This review thoroughly categorizes N-S bond-containing compounds by structural class. Information on biological source, biological activity, and biosynthesis is included, if known. We also review the role of N-S bond functional groups as post-translational modifications of amino acids in proteins and peptides, emphasizing their role in the metabolism of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz J Petkowski
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - William Bains
- Rufus Scientific , 37 The Moor, Melbourn, Royston, Herts SG8 6ED, U.K
| | - Sara Seager
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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7
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Redox regulation of plant S-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity through post-translational modifications of cysteine residues. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 494:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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8
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HNO/Thiol Biology as a Therapeutic Target. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN APPLIED BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-30705-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Nitroxyl (HNO): A Reduced Form of Nitric Oxide with Distinct Chemical, Pharmacological, and Therapeutic Properties. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:4867124. [PMID: 26770654 PMCID: PMC4685437 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4867124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO), the one-electron reduced form of nitric oxide (NO), shows a distinct chemical and biological profile from that of NO. HNO is currently being viewed as a vasodilator and positive inotropic agent that can be used as a potential treatment for heart failure. The ability of HNO to react with thiols and thiol containing proteins is largely used to explain the possible biological actions of HNO. Herein, we summarize different aspects related to HNO including HNO donors, chemistry, biology, and methods used for its detection.
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10
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Thomas DD, Heinecke JL, Ridnour LA, Cheng RY, Kesarwala AH, Switzer CH, McVicar DW, Roberts DD, Glynn S, Fukuto JM, Wink DA, Miranda KM. Signaling and stress: The redox landscape in NOS2 biology. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 87:204-25. [PMID: 26117324 PMCID: PMC4852151 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has a highly diverse range of biological functions from physiological signaling and maintenance of homeostasis to serving as an effector molecule in the immune system. However, deleterious as well as beneficial roles of NO have been reported. Many of the dichotomous effects of NO and derivative reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can be explained by invoking precise interactions with different targets as a result of concentration and temporal constraints. Endogenous concentrations of NO span five orders of magnitude, with levels near the high picomolar range typically occurring in short bursts as compared to sustained production of low micromolar levels of NO during immune response. This article provides an overview of the redox landscape as it relates to increasing NO concentrations, which incrementally govern physiological signaling, nitrosative signaling and nitrosative stress-related signaling. Physiological signaling by NO primarily occurs upon interaction with the heme protein soluble guanylyl cyclase. As NO concentrations rise, interactions with nonheme iron complexes as well as indirect modification of thiols can stimulate additional signaling processes. At the highest levels of NO, production of a broader range of RNS, which subsequently interact with more diverse targets, can lead to chemical stress. However, even under such conditions, there is evidence that stress-related signaling mechanisms are triggered to protect cells or even resolve the stress. This review therefore also addresses the fundamental reactions and kinetics that initiate signaling through NO-dependent pathways, including processes that lead to interconversion of RNS and interactions with molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas D Thomas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Julie L Heinecke
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert Y Cheng
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aparna H Kesarwala
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christopher H Switzer
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - David D Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sharon Glynn
- Prostate Cancer Institute, NUI Galway, Ireland, USA
| | - Jon M Fukuto
- Department of Chemistry, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
| | - David A Wink
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Katrina M Miranda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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11
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Li R, Huang J, Kast J. Identification of total reversible cysteine oxidation in an atherosclerosis model using a modified biotin switch assay. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:2026-35. [PMID: 25767911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress due to the imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the resulting reversible cysteine oxidation (CysOX) are involved in the early proatherogenic aspect of atherosclerosis. Given that the corresponding redox signaling pathways are still unclear, a modified biotin switch assay was developed to quantify the reversible CysOX in an atherosclerosis model established by using a monocytic cell line treated with platelet releasate. The accumulation of ROS was observed in the model system and validated in human primary monocytes. Through the application of the modified biotin switch assay, we obtained the first reversible CysOX proteome for this model. A total of 75 peptides, corresponding to 53 proteins, were quantified with oxidative modification. The bioinformatics analysis of these CysOX-containing proteins highlighted biological processes including glycolysis, cytoskeleton arrangement, and redox regulation. Moreover, the reversible oxidation of three glycolysis enzymes was observed using this method, and the regulation influence was verified by an enzyme activity assay. NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibition treatment, in conjunction with the modified biotin switch method, was used to evaluate the global CysOX status. In conclusion, this versatile modified biotin switch assay provides an approach for the quantification of all reversible CysOX and for the study of redox signaling in atherosclerosis as well as in diseases in other biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Li
- §Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Jiqing Huang
- §Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Juergen Kast
- §Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
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12
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Klockenbusch C, Walsh GM, Brown LM, Hoffman MD, Ignatchenko V, Kislinger T, Kast J. Global proteome analysis identifies active immunoproteasome subunits in human platelets. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:3308-19. [PMID: 25146974 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.031757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of new functions for platelets, particularly in inflammation and immunity, has expanded the role of these anucleate cell fragments beyond their primary hemostatic function. Here, four in-depth human platelet proteomic data sets were generated to explore potential new functions for platelets based on their protein content and this led to the identification of 2559 high confidence proteins. During a more detailed analysis, consistently high expression of the proteasome was discovered, and the composition and function of this complex, whose role in platelets has not been thoroughly investigated, was examined. Data set mining resulted in identification of nearly all members of the 26S proteasome in one or more data sets, except the β5 subunit. However, β5i, a component of the immunoproteasome, was identified. Biochemical analyses confirmed the presence of all catalytically active subunits of the standard 20S proteasome and immunoproteasome in human platelets, including β5, which was predominantly found in its precursor form. It was demonstrated that these components were assembled into the proteasome complex and that standard proteasome as well as immunoproteasome subunits were constitutively active in platelets. These findings suggest potential new roles for platelets in the immune system. For example, the immunoproteasome may be involved in major histocompatibility complex I (MHC I) peptide generation, as the MHC I machinery was also identified in our data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Klockenbusch
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Geraldine M Walsh
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; §The Centre for Blood Research, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lyda M Brown
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michael D Hoffman
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; ¶The Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Vladimir Ignatchenko
- ‖Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- ‖Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; **Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Juergen Kast
- From the ‡The Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; §The Centre for Blood Research, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; ¶The Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada;
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13
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Burkhart JM, Gambaryan S, Watson SP, Jurk K, Walter U, Sickmann A, Heemskerk JWM, Zahedi RP. What can proteomics tell us about platelets? Circ Res 2014; 114:1204-19. [PMID: 24677239 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.301598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
More than 130 years ago, it was recognized that platelets are key mediators of hemostasis. Nowadays, it is established that platelets participate in additional physiological processes and contribute to the genesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Recent data indicate that the platelet proteome, defined as the complete set of expressed proteins, comprises >5000 proteins and is highly similar between different healthy individuals. Owing to their anucleate nature, platelets have limited protein synthesis. By implication, in patients experiencing platelet disorders, platelet (dys)function is almost completely attributable to alterations in protein expression and dynamic differences in post-translational modifications. Modern platelet proteomics approaches can reveal (1) quantitative changes in the abundance of thousands of proteins, (2) post-translational modifications, (3) protein-protein interactions, and (4) protein localization, while requiring only small blood donations in the range of a few milliliters. Consequently, platelet proteomics will represent an invaluable tool for characterizing the fundamental processes that affect platelet homeostasis and thus determine the roles of platelets in health and disease. In this article we provide a critical overview on the achievements, the current possibilities, and the future perspectives of platelet proteomics to study patients experiencing cardiovascular, inflammatory, and bleeding disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Burkhart
- From the Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany (J.M.B., A.S., R.P.Z); Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.G.); Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia (S.G.); Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.P.W.); Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Universitätsklinikum der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany (K.J., U.W.); Medizinisches Proteom Center, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (A.S.); Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom (A.S.); and Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (J.W.M.H.)
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Keceli
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - John P. Toscano
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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15
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Keceli G, Moore CD, Labonte JW, Toscano JP. NMR detection and study of hydrolysis of HNO-derived sulfinamides. Biochemistry 2013; 52:7387-96. [PMID: 24073927 DOI: 10.1021/bi401110f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO), a potential heart failure therapeutic, is known to post-translationally modify cysteine residues. Among reactive nitrogen oxide species, the modification of cysteine residues to sulfinamides [RS(O)NH2] is unique to HNO. We have applied (15)N-edited (1)H NMR techniques to detect the HNO-induced thiol to sulfinamide modification in several small organic molecules, peptides, and the cysteine protease, papain. Relevant reactions of sulfinamides involve reduction to free thiols in the presence of excess thiol and hydrolysis to form sulfinic acids [RS(O)OH]. We have investigated sulfinamide hydrolysis at physiological pH and temperature. Studies with papain and a related model peptide containing the active site thiol suggest that sulfinamide hydrolysis can be enhanced in a protein environment. These findings are also supported by modeling studies. In addition, analysis of peptide sulfinamides at various pH values suggests that hydrolysis becomes more facile under acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Keceli
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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16
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Lee CF, Paull TT, Person MD. Proteome-wide detection and quantitative analysis of irreversible cysteine oxidation using long column UPLC-pSRM. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:4302-15. [PMID: 23964713 DOI: 10.1021/pr400201d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in normal biological functions and pathological processes. ROS is one of the driving forces for oxidizing proteins, especially on cysteine thiols. The labile, transient, and dynamic nature of oxidative modifications poses enormous technical challenges for both accurate modification site determination and quantitation of cysteine thiols. The present study describes a mass spectrometry-based approach that allows effective discovery and quantification of irreversible cysteine modifications. The utilization of a long reverse phase column provides high-resolution chromatography to separate different forms of modified cysteine thiols from protein complexes or cell lysates. This Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FT-MS) approach enabled detection and quantitation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) complex cysteine sulfoxidation states using Skyline MS1 filtering. When we applied the long column ultra high pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS/MS analysis, 61 and 44 peptides from cell lysates and cells were identified with cysteine modifications in response to in vitro and in vivo H2O2 oxidation, respectively. Long column ultra high pressure liquid chromatography pseudo selected reaction monitoring (UPLC-pSRM) was then developed to monitor the oxidative level of cysteine thiols in cell lysate under varying concentrations of H2O2 treatment. From UPLC-pSRM analysis, the dynamic conversion of sulfinic (S-O2H) and sulfonic acid (S-O3H) was observed within nucleoside diphosphate kinase (Nm23-H1) and heat shock 70 kDa protein 8 (Hsc70). These methods are suitable for proteome-wide studies, providing a highly sensitive, straightforward approach to identify proteins containing redox-sensitive cysteine thiols in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Fang Lee
- Proteomics Facility, College of Pharmacy, ‡the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, and the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Mitroka S, Shoman ME, DuMond JF, Bellavia L, Aly OM, Abdel-Aziz M, Kim-Shapiro DB, King SB. Direct and nitroxyl (HNO)-mediated reactions of acyloxy nitroso compounds with the thiol-containing proteins glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C. J Med Chem 2013; 56:6583-92. [PMID: 23895568 DOI: 10.1021/jm400057r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) reacts with thiols, and this reactivity requires the use of donors with 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate, pivalate, and trifluoroacetate, forming a new group. These acyloxy nitroso compounds inhibit glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) by forming a reduction reversible active site disulfide and a reduction irreversible sulfinic acid or sulfinamide modification at Cys244. Addition of these acyloxy nitroso compounds to AhpC C165S yields a sulfinic acid and sulfinamide modification. A potential mechanism for these transformations includes nucleophilic addition of the protein thiol to a nitroso compound to yield an N-hydroxysulfenamide, which reacts with thiol to give disulfide or rearranges to sulfinamides. Known HNO donors produce the unsubstituted protein sulfinamide as the major product, while the acetate and pivalate give substituted sulfinamides that hydrolyze to sulfinic acids. These results suggest that nitroso compounds form a general class of thiol-modifying compounds, allowing their further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Mitroka
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
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18
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Ryšlavá H, Doubnerová V, Kavan D, Vaněk O. Effect of posttranslational modifications on enzyme function and assembly. J Proteomics 2013; 92:80-109. [PMID: 23603109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The detailed examination of enzyme molecules by mass spectrometry and other techniques continues to identify hundreds of distinct PTMs. Recently, global analyses of enzymes using methods of contemporary proteomics revealed widespread distribution of PTMs on many key enzymes distributed in all cellular compartments. Critically, patterns of multiple enzymatic and nonenzymatic PTMs within a single enzyme are now functionally evaluated providing a holistic picture of a macromolecule interacting with low molecular mass compounds, some of them being substrates, enzyme regulators, or activated precursors for enzymatic and nonenzymatic PTMs. Multiple PTMs within a single enzyme molecule and their mutual interplays are critical for the regulation of catalytic activity. Full understanding of this regulation will require detailed structural investigation of enzymes, their structural analogs, and their complexes. Further, proteomics is now integrated with molecular genetics, transcriptomics, and other areas leading to systems biology strategies. These allow the functional interrogation of complex enzymatic networks in their natural environment. In the future, one might envisage the use of robust high throughput analytical techniques that will be able to detect multiple PTMs on a global scale of individual proteomes from a number of carefully selected cells and cellular compartments. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Posttranslational Protein modifications in biology and Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Ryšlavá
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, CZ-12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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19
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Bhardwaj A, Huang Z, Kaur J, Yang F, Seubert JM, Knaus EE. A diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate analog of 7-azabenzobicyclo[2.2.1]heptane: synthesis, nitric oxide and nitroxyl release, in vitro hemodynamic, and anti-hypertensive studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2769-74. [PMID: 23541649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
1-(7-Azabenzobicyclo[2.2.1]heptane)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (16) was designed with the expectation that it would act as a dual nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) donor that is not carcinogenic or genotoxic. Compound 16, with a suitable half-life (17.8 min) in PBS at pH 7, released NO (19%) and HNO (22%) during a 2h incubation in PBS at pH 7. In addition, compound 16 exhibited a significant in vitro positive inotropic effect, increased the rates of contraction and relaxation, and increased coronary flow rate, but did not induce a chronotropic effect. Furthermore, compound 16 (13.7 mg kg(-1), po dose) provided a significant reduction in the blood pressure of mice up to 3h post-drug administration. All these data suggest that compound 16 constitutes an attractive 'lead-compound' that could have potential applications to treat cardiovascular disease(s) such as congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Bhardwaj
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
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20
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Huang Z, Kaur J, Bhardwaj A, Alsaleh N, Reisz JA, DuMond JF, King SB, Seubert JM, Zhang Y, Knaus EE. O2-sulfonylethyl protected isopropylamine diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolates as nitroxyl (HNO) donors: synthesis, β-elimination fragmentation, HNO release, positive inotropic properties, and blood pressure lowering studies. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10262-71. [PMID: 23072318 DOI: 10.1021/jm301303p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
New types of nonexplosive O(2)-sulfonylethyl protected (-CH(2)CH(2)SO(2)R; R = OMe, NHOMe, NHOBn, Me) derivatives of isopropylamine diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (IPA/NO) (2-5) were developed that are designed to act as novel HNO donors. These compounds, with suitable half-lives (6.6-17.1 h) at pH 7.4, undergo a base-induced β-elimination reaction that releases a methyl vinyl sulfone product and the parent IPA/NO anion which subsequently preferentially releases HNO (46-61% range). Importantly, the O(2)-methylsulfonylethyl compound 5 exhibited a significant in vitro inotropic effect up to 283% of the baseline value and increased the rates of contraction and relaxation but did not induce a chronotropic effect. Furthermore, compound 5 (22.5 mg/kg po dose) provided a significant reduction in blood pressure up to 6 h after drug administration. All these data suggest that O(2)-sulfonylethyl protected derivatives of IPA/NO, which are efficient HNO donors, could have potential applications to treat cardiovascular disease(s) such as congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjian Huang
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
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21
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Alexandru N, Popov D, Georgescu A. Intraplatelet oxidative/nitrative stress: inductors, consequences, and control. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2012; 20:232-8. [PMID: 22293024 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the current knowledge on intraplatelet oxidative/nitrative stress, an abnormality associated with platelet activation and hyper-reactivity. The first issue discussed is related to induction of platelet endogenous stress by the molecules present within the circulating (extracellular) milieu that bathes these cells. The second issue concerns the intraplatelet oxidative/nitrative stress associated with specific pathologies or clinical procedures and action of particular molecules and platelet agonists as well as of the specialized intraplatelet milieu and its redox system; the biomarkers of endogenous oxidative/nitrative stress are also briefly outlined. Next, the association between intraplatelet oxidative/nitrative stress and the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome is presented. Then, the most recent strategies aimed at the control/regulation of platelet endogenous oxidative/nitrative stress, such as exploitation of circulating extracellular reactive oxygen species scavengers, manipulation of platelet molecules, and the use of antioxidants, are discussed. Finally, the results of studies on platelet-dependent redox mechanisms, which deserve immediate attention for potential clinical exploitation, are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Alexandru
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania. @icbp.ro
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22
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Abstract
Sulfinamide [RS(O)NH(2)] formation is known to occur upon exposure of cysteine residues to nitroxyl (HNO), which has received recent attention as a potential heart failure therapeutic. Because this modification can alter protein structure and function, we have examined the reactivity of sulfinamides in several systems, including a small organic molecule, peptides, and a protein. Although it has generally been assumed that this thiol to sulfinamide modification is irreversible, we show that sulfinamides can be reduced back to the free thiol in the presence of excess thiol at physiological pH and temperature. We have examined this sulfinamide reduction both in peptides, where a cyclic intermediate analogous to that proposed for asparagine deamidation reactions potentially can contribute, and in a small organic molecule, where the mechanism is restricted to a direct thiolysis. These studies suggest that the contribution from the cyclic intermediate becomes more important in environments with lower dielectric constants. In addition, although sulfinic acid [RS(O)OH] formation is observed upon prolonged incubations in water, reduction of sulfinamides is found to dominate in the presence of thiols. Finally, studies with the cysteine protease, papain, suggest that the reduction of sulfinamide to the free thiol is viable in a protein environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Keceli
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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23
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Wu C, Parrott AM, Fu C, Liu T, Marino SM, Gladyshev VN, Jain MR, Baykal AT, Li Q, Oka S, Sadoshima J, Beuve A, Simmons WJ, Li H. Thioredoxin 1-mediated post-translational modifications: reduction, transnitrosylation, denitrosylation, and related proteomics methodologies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:2565-604. [PMID: 21453190 PMCID: PMC3176348 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significance of redox post-translational modifications (PTMs) in regulating diverse signal transduction pathways, the enzymatic systems that catalyze reversible and specific oxidative or reductive modifications have yet to be firmly established. Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) is a conserved antioxidant protein that is well known for its disulfide reductase activity. Interestingly, Trx1 is also able to transnitrosylate or denitrosylate (defined as processes to transfer or remove a nitric oxide entity to/from substrates) specific proteins. An intricate redox regulatory mechanism has recently been uncovered that accounts for the ability of Trx1 to catalyze these different redox PTMs. In this review, we will summarize the available evidence in support of Trx1 as a specific disulfide reductase, and denitrosylation and transnitrosylation agent, as well as the biological significance of the diverse array of Trx1-regulated pathways and processes under different physiological contexts. The dramatic progress in redox proteomics techniques has enabled the identification of an increasing number of proteins, including peroxiredoxin 1, whose disulfide bond formation and nitrosylation status are regulated by Trx1. This review will also summarize the advancements of redox proteomics techniques for the identification of the protein targets of Trx1-mediated PTMs. Collectively, these studies have shed light on the mechanisms that regulate Trx1-mediated reduction, transnitrosylation, and denitrosylation of specific target proteins, solidifying the role of Trx1 as a master regulator of redox signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changgong Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, Newark, 07103, USA
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24
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Tocchetti CG, Stanley BA, Murray CI, Sivakumaran V, Donzelli S, Mancardi D, Pagliaro P, Gao WD, van Eyk J, Kass DA, Wink DA, Paolocci N. Playing with cardiac "redox switches": the "HNO way" to modulate cardiac function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14:1687-98. [PMID: 21235349 PMCID: PMC3066693 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The nitric oxide (NO(•)) sibling, nitroxyl or nitrosyl hydride (HNO), is emerging as a molecule whose pharmacological properties include providing functional support to failing hearts. HNO also preconditions myocardial tissue, protecting it against ischemia-reperfusion injury while exerting vascular antiproliferative actions. In this review, HNO's peculiar cardiovascular assets are discussed in light of its unique chemistry that distinguish HNO from NO(•) as well as from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species such as the hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite. Included here is a discussion of the possible routes of HNO formation in the myocardium and its chemical targets in the heart. HNO has been shown to have positive inotropic/lusitropic effects under normal and congestive heart failure conditions in animal models. The mechanistic intricacies of the beneficial cardiac effects of HNO are examined in cellular models. In contrast to β-receptor/cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A-dependent enhancers of myocardial performance, HNO uses its "thiophylic" nature as a vehicle to interact with redox switches such as cysteines, which are located in key components of the cardiac electromechanical machinery ruling myocardial function. Here, we will briefly review new features of HNO's cardiovascular effects that when combined with its positive inotropic/lusitropic action may render HNO donors an attractive addition to the current therapeutic armamentarium for treating patients with acutely decompensated congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo G Tocchetti
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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25
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Flores-Santana W, Salmon DJ, Donzelli S, Switzer CH, Basudhar D, Ridnour L, Cheng R, Glynn SA, Paolocci N, Fukuto JM, Miranda KM, Wink DA. The specificity of nitroxyl chemistry is unique among nitrogen oxides in biological systems. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14:1659-74. [PMID: 21235346 PMCID: PMC3070000 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The importance of nitric oxide in mammalian physiology has been known for nearly 30 years. Similar attention for other nitrogen oxides such as nitroxyl (HNO) has been more recent. While there has been speculation as to the biosynthesis of HNO, its pharmacological benefits have been demonstrated in several pathophysiological settings such as cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and alcoholism. The chemical biology of HNO has been identified as related to, but unique from, that of its redox congener nitric oxide. A summary of these findings as well as a discussion of possible endogenous sources of HNO is presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilmarie Flores-Santana
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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26
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Abstract
Due to recent discoveries of important and novel biological activity, nitroxyl (HNO) has become a molecule of significant interest. Although it has been used in the past as a treatment for alcoholism, it is currently being touted as a treatment for heart failure. It is becoming increasingly clear that many of the biological actions of HNO can be attributed to its ability to react with specific thiol- and, possibly, heme-proteins. Herein is discussed the chemistry of HNO with likely biological targets. A particular focus is given to targets associated with the pharmacological utility of HNO as a cardiovascular agent and for the treatment of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M Fukuto
- Department of Chemistry, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, California 94928, USA.
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27
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Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO), the one electron reduced and protonated congener of nitric oxide, is emerging as a novel nitrogen oxide with distinct chemistry and biological actions as compared with its redox sibling. The "thiophilic" nature of HNO underlies many of its unique properties, and attention has been focused on its regulation of cellular function and therapeutic potential, particularly in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. The present Forum issue summarizes the intriguing chemistry and biology of HNO and highlights its impact in the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Recent advances in the development of new HNO donors and their potential use as tools to study HNO signaling and therapeutic agents are discussed. Evidence is also provided for a role of HNO as a putative, endogenous regulator of vascular function. However, as highlighted in this Forum issue, the development of sensitive methods for HNO detection in a biological system is needed to conclusively prove its in vivo generation. As research expands in this area, it is likely that new targets and pharmacological applications of HNO will be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara K Kemp-Harper
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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28
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Bullen ML, Miller AA, Andrews KL, Irvine JC, Ritchie RH, Sobey CG, Kemp-Harper BK. Nitroxyl (HNO) as a vasoprotective signaling molecule. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14:1675-86. [PMID: 20673125 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO), the one electron reduced and protonated form of nitric oxide (NO(•)), is rapidly emerging as a novel nitrogen oxide with distinct pharmacology and therapeutic advantages over its redox sibling. Whilst the cardioprotective effects of HNO in heart failure have been established, it is apparent that HNO may also confer a number of vasoprotective properties. Like NO(•), HNO induces vasodilatation, inhibits platelet aggregation, and limits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. In addition, HNO can be putatively generated within the vasculature, and recent evidence suggests it also serves as an endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). Significantly, HNO targets signaling pathways distinct from NO(•) with an ability to activate K(V) and K(ATP) channels in resistance arteries, cause coronary vasodilatation in part via release of calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP), and exhibits resistance to scavenging by superoxide and vascular tolerance development. As such, HNO synthesis and bioavailability may be preserved and/or enhanced during disease states, in particular those associated with oxidative stress. Moreover, it may compensate, in part, for a loss of NO(•) signaling. Here we explore the vasoprotective actions of HNO and discuss the therapeutic potential of HNO donors in the treatment of vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Bullen
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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29
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Huang Z, Velázquez CA, Abdellatif KRA, Chowdhury MA, Reisz JA, DuMond JF, King SB, Knaus EE. Ethanesulfohydroxamic acid ester prodrugs of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): synthesis, nitric oxide and nitroxyl release, cyclooxygenase inhibition, anti-inflammatory, and ulcerogenicity index studies. J Med Chem 2011; 54:1356-64. [PMID: 21280601 DOI: 10.1021/jm101403g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The carboxylic acid group of the anti-inflammatory (AI) drugs indo-methacin, (S)-naproxen and ibuprofen was covalently linked via a two-carbon ethyl spacer to a sulfohydroxamic acid moiety (CH(2)CH(2)SO(2)NHOH) to furnish a group of hybrid ester prodrugs that release nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl (HNO). Biological data acquired for this hitherto unknown class of ethanesulfohydroxamic acid ester prodrugs showed (i) all compounds exhibited superior NO, but similar HNO, release properties relative to arylsulfohydroxamic acids, (ii) the (S)-naproxen and ibuprofen prodrug esters are more potent AI agents than their parent NSAID, (iii) the indomethacin prodrug ester, in contrast to indomethacin which is highly ulcerogenic, showed no visible stomach lesions [ulcer index (UI) = 0 for a 80 μmol/kg oral dose] while retaining potent AI activity, and iv) that the indomethacin prodrug ester, unlike indomethacin which is an ulcerogenic selective COX-1 inhibitor, is a selective COX-2 inhibitor (COX-2 selectivity index = 184) devoid of ulcerogenicity that is attributed to its high COX-2 SI and/or ability to release cytoprotective NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjian Huang
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alberta T6G 2N8, Canada
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30
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Liu M, Hou J, Huang L, Huang X, Heibeck TH, Zhao R, Pasa-Tolic L, Smith RD, Li Y, Fu K, Zhang Z, Hinrichs SH, Ding SJ. Site-specific proteomics approach for study protein S-nitrosylation. Anal Chem 2011; 82:7160-8. [PMID: 20687582 DOI: 10.1021/ac100569d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here we present a novel and robust method for the identification of protein S-nitrosylation sites in complex protein mixtures. The approach utilizes the cysteinyl affinity resin to selectively enrich S-nitrosylated peptides reduced by ascorbate followed by nanoscale liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Two alkylation agents with different added masses were employed to differentiate the S-nitrosylation sites from the non-S-nitrosylation sites. We applied this approach to MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Angeli's salt, a nitric oxide donor that has been shown to inhibit breast tumor growth and angiogenesis. A total of 162 S-nitrosylation sites were identified and an S-nitrosylation motif was revealed in our study. The 162 sites are significantly more than the number reported by previous methods, demonstrating the efficiency of our approach. Our approach will further facilitate the functional study of protein S-nitrosylation in cellular processes and may reveal new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
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31
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Huang Z, Velázquez C, Abdellatif K, Chowdhury M, Jain S, Reisz J, Dumond J, King SB, Knaus E. Acyclic triaryl olefins possessing a sulfohydroxamic acid pharmacophore: synthesis, nitric oxide/nitroxyl release, cyclooxygenase inhibition, and anti-inflammatory studies. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4124-30. [PMID: 20664853 DOI: 10.1039/c005066k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and its reduced form nitroxyl (HNO), effective vasodilation agents that can inhibit platelet aggregation and adhesion, could suppress adverse cardiovascular effects associated with the use of selective COX-2 inhibitors. In this regard, a sulfohydroxamic acid (SO(2)NHOH) substituent, that can act as a dual NO/HNO donor moiety, was inserted at the para-position of the C2 phenyl ring of acyclic 2-alkyl-1,1,2-triaryl olefins previously shown to be potent and highly selective COX-2 inhibitors. Although this new group of 1,1-diaryl-2-(4-hydroxyaminosulfonylphenyl)alk-1-enes exhibited weak inhibition of the constitutive cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and inducible COX-2 isozymes, in vivo studies showed anti-inflammatory potencies that were generally intermediate between that of the reference drugs aspirin and ibuprofen. All compounds released NO (5.6-13.5% range) upon incubation with phosphate buffer which was increased further (8.3-25.6% range) in the presence of the oxidant K(3)(FeCN(6)).The low release of HNO in MeOH-buffer (< 2% at 24 h incubation) was much higher at alkaline pH (11-37% range). The concept of designing better anti-inflammatory drugs possessing either an effective HNO, or dual NO/HNO, donor moiety that are devoid of adverse ulcerogenic and/or cardiovascular side effects warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjian Huang
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2N8
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32
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Optimization of formaldehyde cross-linking for protein interaction analysis of non-tagged integrin beta1. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:927585. [PMID: 20634879 PMCID: PMC2896913 DOI: 10.1155/2010/927585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2010] [Accepted: 03/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde cross-linking of protein complexes combined with immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis is a promising technique for analysing protein-protein interactions, including those of transient nature. Here we used integrin β1 as a model to describe the application of formaldehyde cross-linking in detail, particularly focusing on the optimal parameters for cross-linking, the detection of formaldehyde cross-linked complexes, the utility of antibodies, and the identification of binding partners. Integrin β1 was found in a high molecular weight complex after formaldehyde cross-linking. Eight different anti-integrin β1 antibodies were used for pull-down experiments and no loss in precipitation efficiency after cross-linking was observed. However, two of the antibodies could not precipitate the complex, probably due to hidden epitopes. Formaldehyde cross-linked complexes, precipitated from Jurkat cells or human platelets and analyzed by mass spectrometry, were found to be composed of integrin β1, α4 and α6 or β1, α6, α2, and α5, respectively.
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33
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Protein oxidation: role in signalling and detection by mass spectrometry. Amino Acids 2010; 42:5-21. [PMID: 20401673 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Proteins can undergo a wide variety of oxidative post-translational modifications (oxPTM); while reversible modifications are thought to be relevant in physiological processes, non-reversible oxPTM may contribute to pathological situations and disease. The oxidant is also important in determining the type of oxPTM, such as oxidation, chlorination or nitration. The best characterized oxPTMs involved in signalling modulation are partial oxidations of cysteine to disulfide, glutathionylated or sulfenic acid forms that can be reversed by thiol reductants. Proline hydroxylation in HIF signalling is also quite well characterized, and there is increasing evidence that specific oxidations of methionine and tyrosine may have some biological roles. For some proteins regulated by cysteine oxidation, the residues and molecular mechanism involved have been extensively studied and are well understood, such as the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B and MAP3 kinase ASK1, as well as transcription factor complex Keap1-Nrf2. The advances in understanding of the role oxPTMs in signalling have been facilitated by advances in analytical technology, in particular tandem mass spectrometry techniques. Combinations of peptide sequencing by collisionally induced dissociation and precursor ion scanning or neutral loss to select for specific oxPTMs have proved very useful for identifying oxidatively modified proteins and mapping the sites of oxidation. The development of specific labelling and enrichment procedures for S-nitrosylation or disulfide formation has proved invaluable, and there is ongoing work to establish analogous methods for detection of nitrotyrosine and other modifications.
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34
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Schubert P, Devine DV. Proteomics meets blood banking: identification of protein targets for the improvement of platelet quality. J Proteomics 2010; 73:436-44. [PMID: 19683081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 07/11/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics has brought new perspectives to the fields of hematology and transfusion medicine in the last decade. The steady improvement of proteomic technology is propelling novel discoveries of molecular mechanisms by studying protein expression, post-translational modifications and protein interactions. This review article focuses on the application of proteomics to the identification of molecular mechanisms leading to the deterioration of blood platelets during storage - a critical aspect in the provision of platelet transfusion products. Several proteomic approaches have been employed to analyse changes in the platelet protein profile during storage and the obtained data now need to be translated into platelet biochemistry in order to connect the results to platelet function. Targeted biochemical applications then allow the identification of points for intervention in signal transduction pathways. Once validated and placed in a transfusion context, these data will provide further understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to platelet storage lesion. Future aspects of proteomics in blood banking will aim to make use of protein markers identified for platelet storage lesion development to monitor proteome changes when alterations such as the use of additive solutions or pathogen reduction strategies are put in place in order to improve platelet quality for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schubert
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Blood Research and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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35
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Switzer CH, Flores-Santana W, Mancardi D, Donzelli S, Basudhar D, Ridnour LA, Miranda KM, Fukuto JM, Paolocci N, Wink DA. The emergence of nitroxyl (HNO) as a pharmacological agent. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2009; 1787:835-40. [PMID: 19426703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2008] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Once a virtually unknown nitrogen oxide, nitroxyl (HNO) has emerged as a potential pharmacological agent. Recent advances in the understanding of the chemistry of HNO has led to the an understanding of HNO biochemistry which is vastly different from the known chemistry and biochemistry of nitric oxide (NO), the one-electron oxidation product of HNO. The cardiovascular roles of NO have been extensively studied, as NO is a key modulator of vascular tone and is involved in a number of vascular related pathologies. HNO displays unique cardiovascular properties and has been shown to have positive lusitropic and ionotropic effects in failing hearts without a chronotropic effect. Additionally, HNO causes a release of CGRP and modulates calcium channels such as ryanodine receptors. HNO has shown beneficial effects in ischemia reperfusion injury, as HNO treatment before ischemia-reperfusion reduces infarct size. In addition to the cardiovascular effects observed, HNO has shown initial promise in the realm of cancer therapy. HNO has been demonstrated to inhibit GAPDH, a key glycolytic enzyme. Due to the Warburg effect, inhibiting glycolysis is an attractive target for inhibiting tumor proliferation. Indeed, HNO has recently been shown to inhibit tumor proliferation in mouse xenografts. Additionally, HNO inhibits tumor angiogenesis and induces cancer cell apoptosis. The effects seen with HNO donors are quite different from NO donors and in some cases are opposite. The chemical nature of HNO explains how HNO and NO, although closely chemically related, act so differently in biochemical systems. This also gives insight into the potential molecular motifs that may be reactive towards HNO and opens up a novel field of pharmacological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H Switzer
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3-B35, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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36
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Paolocci N, Wink DA. The shy Angeli and his elusive creature: the HNO route to vasodilation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 296:H1217-20. [PMID: 19286958 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00243.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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