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Lan N, Su Y, Zeng Q, Zhou P, Hu Y, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Liu K. JD-02, a novel Hsp90 inhibitor, induces ROS/SRC axis-dependent cytoprotective autophagy in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1038-1050. [PMID: 38411361 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a tumor marker that accelerates cancer growth by disrupting protein homeostasis. However, concerns such as low clinical efficacy and drug resistance continue to be obstacles to the successful marketing of Hsp90 inhibitors. The cytoprotective function of autophagy has been identified as one of the mechanisms by which tumor cells gain resistance to chemotherapy. JD-02 was identified as a new Hsp90 inhibitor that suppressed colorectal cancer (CRC) growth by lowering client protein levels in vivo and in vitro. We found that JD-02 increased cellular autophagy, which inhibited apoptosis. JD-02 enhanced cytoprotective autophagy and regulated apoptotic suppression by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species and inhibiting SRC protein levels, as demonstrated by quantitative proteomics, bioinformatic analysis, western blotting, and flow cytometry. This effect was reversed by autophagy inhibition. Therefore, due to the synergistic effects of Hsp90 and autophagy inhibitors in efficiently activating apoptotic pathways, they could potentially serve as promising therapeutic options for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongzhen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengjun Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuze Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaisheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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Mistry T, Nath A, Pal R, Ghosh S, Mahata S, Kumar Sahoo P, Sarkar S, Choudhury T, Nath P, Alam N, Nasare VD. Emerging Futuristic Targeted Therapeutics: A Comprising Study Towards a New Era for the Management of TNBC. Am J Clin Oncol 2024; 47:132-148. [PMID: 38145412 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is characterized by high lethality attributed to factors such as chemoresistance, transcriptomic, and genomic heterogeneity, leading to a poor prognosis and limiting available targeted treatment options. While the identification of molecular targets remains pivotal for therapy involving chemo drugs, the current challenge lies in the poor response rates, low survival rates, and frequent relapses. Despite various clinical investigations exploring molecular targeted therapies in conjunction with conventional chemo treatment, the outcomes have been less than optimal. The critical need for more effective therapies underscores the urgency to discover potent novel treatments, including molecular and immune targets, as well as emerging strategies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of conventional treatment approaches and explores emerging molecular and immune-targeted therapeutics, elucidating their mechanisms to address the existing obstacles for a more effective management of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuma Mistry
- Departments of Pathology and Cancer Screening
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal
| | - Arijit Nath
- Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, School of Biotechnology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ranita Pal
- Departments of Pathology and Cancer Screening
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Neyaz Alam
- Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute
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Veth TS, Kannegieter NM, de Graaf EL, Ruijtenbeek R, Joore J, Ressa A, Altelaar M. Innovative strategies for measuring kinase activity to accelerate the next wave of novel kinase inhibitors. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103907. [PMID: 38301799 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The development of protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) has gained significance owing to their therapeutic potential for diseases like cancer. In addition, there has been a rise in refining kinase activity assays, each possessing unique biological and analytical characteristics crucial for PKI development. However, the PKI development pipeline experiences high attrition rates and approved PKIs exhibit unexploited potential because of variable patient responses. Enhancing PKI development efficiency involves addressing challenges related to understanding the PKI mechanism of action and employing biomarkers for precision medicine. Selecting appropriate kinase activity assays for these challenges can overcome these attrition rate issues. This review delves into the current obstacles in kinase inhibitor development and elucidates kinase activity assays that can provide solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim S Veth
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erik L de Graaf
- Pepscope, Nieuwe Kanaal 7, 6709 PA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jos Joore
- Pepscope, Nieuwe Kanaal 7, 6709 PA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Ressa
- Pepscope, Nieuwe Kanaal 7, 6709 PA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands.
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Barcelo J, Samain R, Sanz-Moreno V. Preclinical to clinical utility of ROCK inhibitors in cancer. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:250-263. [PMID: 36599733 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
ROCK belongs to the AGC family of Ser/Thr protein kinases that are involved in many cellular processes. ROCK-driven actomyosin contractility regulates cytoskeletal dynamics underpinning cell migration, proliferation, and survival in many cancer types. ROCK1/2 play key protumorigenic roles in several subtypes and stages of cancer development. Therefore, successfully targeting ROCK and its downstream effectors presents an interesting avenue for cancer treatment. Because local use of ROCK inhibitors will reduce the side effects of systemic administration, we propose different therapeutic strategies and latest-generation ROCK inhibitors for use in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Barcelo
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Remi Samain
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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5
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MicroRNAs Contribute to Host Response to Coxiella burnetii. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0019922. [PMID: 36537791 PMCID: PMC9872603 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00199-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNAs, are critical to gene regulation in eukaryotes. They are involved in modulating a variety of physiological processes, including the host response to intracellular infections. Little is known about miRNA functions during infection by Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of human Q fever. This bacterial pathogen establishes a large replicative vacuole within macrophages by manipulating host processes such as apoptosis and autophagy. We investigated miRNA expression in C. burnetii-infected macrophages and identified several miRNAs that were down- or upregulated during infection. We further explored the functions of miR-143-3p, an miRNA whose expression is downregulated in macrophages infected with C. burnetii, and show that increasing the abundance of this miRNA in human cells results in increased apoptosis and reduced autophagy-conditions that are unfavorable to C. burnetii intracellular growth. In sum, this study demonstrates that C. burnetii infection elicits a robust miRNA-based host response, and because miR-143-3p promotes apoptosis and inhibits autophagy, downregulation of miR-143-3p expression during C. burnetii infection likely benefits the pathogen.
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Lin J, Gu XL, Li CL, Wang ZM, Wang ZF, Wu RP, Song Y, Wu Y, Liu HB. Analysis of M6A associated lncRNAs in prognosis and immune response of NSCLC patients. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:8457-8472. [PMID: 36628246 PMCID: PMC9827342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Distinguishing between N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is crucial in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In this research, the prognosis and immunotherapeutic response of lncRNAs and m6A in NSCLC were examined. lncRNAs related to m6A were identified using co-expression analyses, and their prognostic impact on patients with NSCLC was assessed using univariate Cox regression analysis. Sixty-three m6A-associated lncRNAs were determined as prognostic lncRNAs, and on this basis, 25 m6A-associated lncRNAs were screened by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) Cox regression. Multivariable Cox analysis obtained 14 m6A-associated lncRNAs for the construction of risk model. The NSCLC patients were grouped into different risk subgroups in accordance with the median of the risk fraction in each data, and we evaluated the differences of potential immunotherapeutic characteristics and drug sensitivity prediction between the two subgroups. By using this model to recombine patients, they can be effectively distinguished in terms of the immunotherapy response. Furthermore, candidate compounds for the differentiation of NSCLC subtypes were identified. The model based on 14 m6A-associated lncRNAs is a promising prognostic biomarker, which may help to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients and provide a theoretical basis for improving the outcome of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Chu-Ling Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zi-Mu Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zhao-Feng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Ran-Pu Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China,First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Hong-Bing Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
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Palmitate Inhibits Mouse Macrophage Efferocytosis by Activating an mTORC1-Regulated Rho Kinase 1 Pathway: Therapeutic Implications for the Treatment of Obesity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213502. [PMID: 36359898 PMCID: PMC9657837 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Every day, billions of our cells die and get cleared without inducing inflammation. When, clearance is improper, uncleared cells undergo secondary necrosis and trigger inflammation. In addition, proper efferocytosis would be required for inducing resolution of inflammation, thus clearance deficiencies in the long term lead to development of various chronic inflammatory diseases. Increasing evidence indicates that obesity, itself being a low-grade inflammatory disease, predisposes to a variety of other chronic inflammatory diseases. Previous studies indicated that this later might be partially related to an impaired efferocytosis induced by increased uptake of circulating saturated fatty acids by macrophages in obese people. Here, we show that palmitate inhibits efferocytosis by bone marrow-derived macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Palmitate triggers autophagy but also activates an energy-sensing mTORC1/ROCK1 signaling pathway, which interferes with the autophagosome–lysosome fusion, resulting in accumulation of the cellular membranes in autophagosomes. We propose that lack of sufficient plasma membrane supply attenuates efferocytosis of palmitate-exposed macrophages. AMP-activated protein kinase activators lead to mTORC1 inhibition and, consequently, released the palmitate-induced efferocytosis block in macrophages. Thus, they might be useful in the treatment of obesity not only by affecting metabolism thought so far. ROCK1 inhibitors could also be considered.
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Zhang Q, Cao S, Qiu F, Kang N. Incomplete autophagy: Trouble is a friend. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1545-1587. [PMID: 35275411 DOI: 10.1002/med.21884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Incomplete autophagy is an impaired self-eating process of intracellular macromolecules and organelles in which accumulated autophagosomes do not fuse with lysosomes for degradation, resulting in the blockage of autophagic flux. In this review, we summarized the literature over the past decade describing incomplete autophagy, and found that different from the double-edged sword effect of general autophagy on promoting cell survival or death, incomplete autophagy plays a crucial role in disrupting cellular homeostasis, and promotes only cell death. What matters is that incomplete autophagy is closely relevant to the pathogenesis and progression of various human diseases, which, meanwhile, intimately linking to the pharmacologic and toxicologic effects of several compounds. Here, we comprehensively reviewed the latest progress of incomplete autophagy on molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. Moreover, implications of incomplete autophagy for pharmacotherapy are also discussed, which has great relevance for our understanding of the distinctive role of incomplete autophagy in cellular physiology and disease. Consequently, targeting incomplete autophagy may contribute to the development of novel generation therapeutic agents for diverse human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Yang Q, Sun K, Xia W, Li Y, Zhong M, Lei K. Autophagy-related prognostic signature for survival prediction of triple negative breast cancer. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12878. [PMID: 35186475 PMCID: PMC8840057 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive type of cancer with few available treatment methods. The aim of the current study was to provide a prognostic autophagy-related gene (ARG) model to predict the outcomes for TNBC patients using bioinformatic analysis. METHODS mRNA expression data and its clinical information for TNBC samples obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Metabric databases were extracted for bioinformatic analysis. Differentially expressed autophagy genes were identified using the Wilcoxon rank sum test in R software. ARGs were downloaded from the Human Autophagy Database. The Kaplan-Meier plotter was employed to determine the prognostic significance of the ARGs. The sample splitting method and Cox regression analysis were employed to establish the risk model and to demonstrate the association between the ARGs and the survival duration. The corresponding ARG-transcription factor interaction network was visualized using the Cytoscape software. RESULTS A signature-based risk score model was established for eight genes (ITGA3, HSPA8, CTSD, ATG12, CLN3, ATG7, MAP1LC3C, and WIPI1) using the TCGA data and the model was validated with the GSE38959 and Metabric datasets, respectively. Patients with high risk scores had worse survival outcomes than those with low risk scores. Of note, amplification of ATG12 and reduction of WIPI were confirmed to be significantly correlated with the clinical stage of TNBC. CONCLUSION An eight-gene autophagic signature model was developed in this study to predict the survival risk for TNBC. The genes identified in the study may favor the design of target agents for autophagy control in advanced TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kewang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaochun Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kefeng Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Department of General Surgery, The 7th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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You KS, Yi YW, Cho J, Park JS, Seong YS. Potentiating Therapeutic Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:589. [PMID: 34207383 PMCID: PMC8233743 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subset of breast cancer with aggressive characteristics and few therapeutic options. The lack of an appropriate therapeutic target is a challenging issue in treating TNBC. Although a high level expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been associated with a poor prognosis among patients with TNBC, targeted anti-EGFR therapies have demonstrated limited efficacy for TNBC treatment in both clinical and preclinical settings. However, with the advantage of a number of clinically approved EGFR inhibitors (EGFRis), combination strategies have been explored as a promising approach to overcome the intrinsic resistance of TNBC to EGFRis. In this review, we analyzed the literature on the combination of EGFRis with other molecularly targeted therapeutics or conventional chemotherapeutics to understand the current knowledge and to provide potential therapeutic options for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Sic You
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Graduate School of Convergence Medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 3116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Yong Weon Yi
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Jeonghee Cho
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Jeong-Soo Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
| | - Yeon-Sun Seong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Graduate School of Convergence Medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 3116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (J.C.)
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Wang J, Feng D, Gao B. An Overview of Potential Therapeutic Agents Targeting WNT/PCP Signaling. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 269:175-213. [PMID: 34463852 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the proto-oncogene Wnt1 (Int1) in 1982, WNT signaling has been identified as one of the most important pathways that regulates a wide range of fundamental developmental and physiological processes in multicellular organisms. The canonical WNT signaling pathway depends on the stabilization and translocation of β-catenin and plays important roles in development and homeostasis. The WNT/planar cell polarity (WNT/PCP) signaling, also known as one of the β-catenin-independent WNT pathways, conveys directional information to coordinate polarized cell behaviors. Similar to WNT/β-catenin signaling, disruption or aberrant activation of WNT/PCP signaling also underlies a variety of developmental defects and cancers. However, the pharmacological targeting of WNT/PCP signaling for therapeutic purposes remains largely unexplored. In this review, we briefly discuss WNT/PCP signaling in development and disease and summarize the known drugs/inhibitors targeting this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Di Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Jansens RJJ, Marmiroli S, Favoreel HW. An Unbiased Approach to Mapping the Signaling Network of the Pseudorabies Virus US3 Protein. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110916. [PMID: 33167340 PMCID: PMC7694389 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The US3 serine/threonine protein kinase is conserved among the alphaherpesvirus family and represents an important virulence factor. US3 plays a role in viral nuclear egress, induces dramatic alterations of the cytoskeleton, represses apoptosis, enhances gene expression and modulates the immune response. Although several substrates of US3 have been identified, an unbiased screen to identify US3 phosphorylation targets has not yet been described. Here, we perform a shotgun and phosphoproteomics analysis of cells expressing the US3 protein of pseudorabies virus (PRV) to identify US3 phosphorylation targets in an unbiased way. We identified several cellular proteins that are differentially phosphorylated upon US3 expression and validated the phosphorylation of lamin A/C at serine 404, both in US3-transfected and PRV-infected cells. These results provide new insights into the signaling network of the US3 protein kinase and may serve as a basis for future research into the role of the US3 protein in the viral replication cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. J. Jansens
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | - Sandra Marmiroli
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry, and Morphology, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Herman W. Favoreel
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
- Correspondence:
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Han L, Peng R, Jiang W, Xu T, Zhang C, Chen K, Zhang Y, Song H, Jia L. Coordination-driven reversible surfaces with site-specifically immobilized nanobody for dynamic cancer cell capture and release. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:7511-7520. [PMID: 32677632 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00574f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood provides a non-invasive avenue for the diagnosis, prognosis and personalized treatment for patients with cancer. The specific capture of CTCs is conventionally based on the immunoaffinity recognition between antibody and receptor on cell membranes. However, using a traditional antibody for high-efficiency isolation of CTCs remains a challenge due to the limited loading capacity of the large antibodies on material surfaces. Herein, using a small-sized nanobody (Nb), we developed a widely applicable strategy to construct reversible site-specifically immobilized Nb surfaces for the capture and release of epidermoid cancer cell line A431 cells. Coordination interaction between the histidine tag (His-tag) of the nanobody (Nb) and Ni2+ ions that chelated to the NTA-modified poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) brushes was used to achieve site-specific immobilization of EGFR Nb (PHEMA-aEGFR surfaces). The high-density immobilized nanobody possessing maximized activity resulted in the high-efficiency capture of 81% rare A431 cells within just 30 min, showing a higher capture yield and shorter capture time compared with that achieved by the conventional antibody immobilized on the flat surface. Additionally, the PHEMA-aEGFR surfaces exhibited low capture limit (1 cell mL-1), cytocompatibility for captured cells, as well as negligible non-specific adhesion of PBMCs. With a one-step treatment using imidazole for competitive coordination, 86% of the captured cells were effectively released. This multifunctional and dynamic site-specifically immobilized nanobody strategy paves a new path in the development of materials and instruments for the high-efficiency capture and release of rare cells at a low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Han
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.
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