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Davydova L, Menshova A, Shumatbaev G, Babaev V, Nikitin E. Phytochemical Study of Ethanol Extract of Gnaphalium uliginosum L. and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial Activity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:785. [PMID: 39200085 PMCID: PMC11352081 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13080785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the antibacterial and antifungal effects of ethanol extracts from Gnaphalium uliginosum L. derived from freshly harvested plant biomass, including stems, leaves, flowers, and roots. The extract was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine its antimicrobial activity against phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi. Two methods were used in the experiments: agar well diffusion and double serial dilution. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with different temperature regimes (25 °C, 45 °C, and 75 °C) and the ultrasonic method at various powers (63-352 W) for different durations (5 and 10 min). It was found that the 70% ethanol extract obtained through the ultrasonic experiment at 189 W power for 10 min and at 252 W power for 5 min had the highest antimicrobial activity compared to the maceration method. The most sensitive components of the extracts were the Gram-positive phytopathogenic bacteria Clavibacter michiganensis and the Gram-negative phytopathogenic bacteria Erwinia carotovora spp., with MIC values of 156 μg/mL. Among the fungi, the most sensitive were Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria solani (MIC values in the range of 78-156 µg/mL). The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of extracts using the diffusion method established the presence of a growth suppression zone in the case of C. michiganensis (15-17 mm for flowers, leaves, and total biomass), which corresponds to the average level of antimicrobial activity. These findings suggest that G. uliginosum has potential as a source of biologically active compounds for agricultural use, particularly for developing novel biopesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Davydova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.M.); (G.S.); (V.B.); (E.N.)
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2
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Bastianello G, Porcella G, Beznoussenko GV, Kidiyoor G, Ascione F, Li Q, Cattaneo A, Matafora V, Disanza A, Quarto M, Mironov AA, Oldani A, Barozzi S, Bachi A, Costanzo V, Scita G, Foiani M. Cell stretching activates an ATM mechano-transduction pathway that remodels cytoskeleton and chromatin. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113555. [PMID: 38088930 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) DNA damage response (DDR) kinases contain elastic domains. ATM also responds to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATR to nuclear mechanical stress. Mre11 mediates ATM activation following DNA damage; ATM mutations cause ataxia telangiectasia (A-T). Here, using in vivo imaging, electron microscopy, proteomic, and mechano-biology approaches, we study how ATM responds to mechanical stress. We report that cytoskeleton and ROS, but not Mre11, mediate ATM activation following cell deformation. ATM deficiency causes hyper-stiffness, stress fiber accumulation, Yes-associated protein (YAP) nuclear enrichment, plasma and nuclear membrane alterations during interstitial migration, and H3 hyper-methylation. ATM locates to the actin cytoskeleton and, following cytoskeleton stress, promotes phosphorylation of key cytoskeleton and chromatin regulators. Our data contribute to explain some clinical features of patients with A-T and pinpoint the existence of an integrated mechano-response in which ATM and ATR have distinct roles unrelated to their canonical DDR functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bastianello
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - Gururaj Kidiyoor
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Flora Ascione
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Qingsen Li
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Disanza
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Micaela Quarto
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Amanda Oldani
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Barozzi
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Bachi
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Costanzo
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Scita
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
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3
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Kuang M, Cai L, Zhao J, Huang L, Ji Y, Lv B, Kuang W. Identification of potential ferroptosis hub genes in acute-on-chronic liver failure based on bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:52. [PMID: 36906552 PMCID: PMC10007765 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis plays an important role in the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). The present project aimed to identify and validate the potential ferroptosis-related genes in ACLF by bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. MATERIALS AND METHODS The GSE139602 dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and intersected with ferroptosis genes. Ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the ACLF tissue and healthy group were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Analysis of enrichment, protein‒protein interactions, and hub genes was conducted. Potential drugs targeting these hub genes were retrieved from the DrugBank database. Finally, we performed real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to validate the expression of the hub genes. RESULTS A total of 35 ferroptosis-related DEGs were screened, which were enriched in the biosynthesis of amino acids, peroxisomes, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis. PPI network analysis indicated five ferroptosis-related hub genes, namely, HRAS, TXNRD1, NQO1, PSAT1, and SQSTM1. The experimental validation indicated that the expression levels of HRAS, TXNRD1, NQO1, and SQSTM1 were lower, while the expression level of PSAT1 was higher in ACLF model rats than in healthy rats. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that PSAT1, TXNRD1, HRAS, SQSTM1 and NQO1 may affect the development of ACLF by regulating ferroptotic events. These results provide a valid reference for potential mechanisms and identification in ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixia Kuang
- 1St School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Longhui Cai
- 1St School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- 1St School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Liqiao Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 524023, China
| | - Yichun Ji
- Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China
| | - Bingyao Lv
- 1St School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Weihong Kuang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 524023, China.
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4
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The Diffusion Model of Intra-Golgi Transport Has Limited Power. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021375. [PMID: 36674888 PMCID: PMC9861033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi complex (GC) is the main station along the cell biosecretory pathway. Until now, mechanisms of intra-Golgi transport (IGT) have remained unclear. Herein, we confirm that the goodness-of-fit of the regression lines describing the exit of a cargo from the Golgi zone (GZ) corresponds to an exponential decay. When the GC was empty before the re-initiation of the intra-Golgi transport, this parameter of the curves describing the kinetics of different cargoes (which are deleted in Golgi vesicles) with different diffusional mobilities within the GZ as well as their exit from the GZ was maximal for the piecewise nonlinear regression, wherein the first segment was horizontal, while the second segment was similar to the exponential decay. The kinetic curve describing cargo exit from the GC per se resembled a linear decay. The Monte-Carlo simulation revealed that such curves reflect the role of microtubule growth in cells with a central GC or the random hovering of ministacks in cells lacking a microtubule. The synchronization of cargo exit from the GC already filled with a cargo using the wave synchronization protocol did not reveal the equilibration of cargo within a Golgi stack, which would be expected from the diffusion model (DM) of IGT. Moreover, not all cisternae are connected to each other in mini-stacks that are transporting membrane proteins. Finally, the kinetics of post-Golgi carriers and the important role of SNAREs for IGT at different level of IGT also argue against the DM of IGT.
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Comparison of the Cisterna Maturation-Progression Model with the Kiss-and-Run Model of Intra-Golgi Transport: Role of Cisternal Pores and Cargo Domains. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073590. [PMID: 35408951 PMCID: PMC8999060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi complex is the central station of the secretory pathway. Knowledge about the mechanisms of intra-Golgi transport is inconsistent. Here, we compared the explanatory power of the cisterna maturation-progression model and the kiss-and-run model. During intra-Golgi transport, conventional cargoes undergo concentration and form cisternal distensions or distinct membrane domains that contain only one membrane cargo. These domains and distension are separated from the rest of the Golgi cisternae by rows of pores. After the arrival of any membrane cargo or a large cargo aggregate at the Golgi complex, the cis-Golgi SNAREs become enriched within the membrane of cargo-containing domains and then replaced by the trans-Golgi SNAREs. During the passage of these domains, the number of cisternal pores decreases. Restoration of the cisternal pores is COPI-dependent. Our observations are more in line with the kiss-and-run model.
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6
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Kadam PR, Bodke YD, Naik MD, Nagaraja O, Manjunatha B. One-pot three-component synthesis of thioether linked 4-hydroxycoumarin-benzothiazole derivatives under ambient condition and evaluation of their biological activity. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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7
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Sesorova IS, Dimov ID, Kashin AD, Sesorov VV, Karelina NR, Zdorikova MA, Beznoussenko GV, Mirоnоv AA. Cellular and sub-cellular mechanisms of lipid transport from gut to lymph. Tissue Cell 2021; 72:101529. [PMID: 33915359 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although the general structure of the barrier between the gut and the blood is well known, many details are still missing. Here, we analyse the literature and our own data related to lipid transcytosis through adult mammalian enterocytes, and their absorption into lymph at the tissue level of the intestine. After starvation, the Golgi complex (GC) of enterocytes is in a resting state. The addition of lipids in the form of chyme leads to the initial appearance of pre-chylomicrons (ChMs) in the tubules of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, which are attached at the basolateral plasma membrane, immediately below the 'belt' of the adhesive junctions. Then pre-ChMs move into the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and then into the expansion of the perforated Golgi cisternae. Next, they pass through the GC, and are concentrated in the distensions of the perforated cisternae on the trans-side of the GC. The arrival of pre-ChMs at the GC leads to the transition of the GC to a state of active transport, with formation of intercisternal connections, attachment of cis-most and trans-most perforated cisternae to the medial Golgi cisternae, and disappearance of COPI vesicles. Post-Golgi carriers then deliver ChMs to the basolateral plasma membrane, fuse with it, and secret ChMs into the intercellular space between enterocytes at the level of their interdigitating contacts. Finally, ChMs are squeezed out into the interstitium through pores in the basal membrane, most likely due to the function of the actin-myosin 'cuff' around the interdigitating contacts. These pores appear to be formed by protrusions of the dendritic cells and the enterocytes per se. ChMs are absorbed from the interstitium into the lymphatic capillaries through the special oblique contacts between endothelial cells, which function as valves through the contraction-relaxation of bundles of smooth muscle cells in the interstitium. Lipid overloading of enterocytes results in accumulation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets, an increase in diameter of ChMs, inhibition of intra-Golgi transport, and fusion of ChMs in the interstitium. Here, we summarise and analyse recent findings, and discuss their functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina S Sesorova
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, S. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan D Dimov
- Department of Anatomy, Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Alexandre D Kashin
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, S. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vitaly V Sesorov
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, S. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Maria A Zdorikova
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, S. Petersburg, Russia
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8
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Kaur G, Singh D, Singh A, Banerjee B. Camphor sulfonic acid catalyzed facile and general method for the synthesis of 3,3'-(arylmethylene)bis(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-ones), 3,3'-(arylmethylene)bis(2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-diones) and 3,3'-(2-oxoindoline-3,3-diyl)bis(2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione) derivatives at room temperature. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1856877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Indus International University, Bathu, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Diksha Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indus International University, Bathu, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indus International University, Bathu, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Bubun Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indus International University, Bathu, Himachal Pradesh, India
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9
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Zhou DG. Mechanisms of Csp3-H functionalization of acetonitrile or acetone with coumarins: A DFT investigation. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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10
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Kidiyoor GR, Li Q, Bastianello G, Bruhn C, Giovannetti I, Mohamood A, Beznoussenko GV, Mironov A, Raab M, Piel M, Restuccia U, Matafora V, Bachi A, Barozzi S, Parazzoli D, Frittoli E, Palamidessi A, Panciera T, Piccolo S, Scita G, Maiuri P, Havas KM, Zhou ZW, Kumar A, Bartek J, Wang ZQ, Foiani M. ATR is essential for preservation of cell mechanics and nuclear integrity during interstitial migration. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4828. [PMID: 32973141 PMCID: PMC7518249 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ATR responds to mechanical stress at the nuclear envelope and mediates envelope-associated repair of aberrant topological DNA states. By combining microscopy, electron microscopic analysis, biophysical and in vivo models, we report that ATR-defective cells exhibit altered nuclear plasticity and YAP delocalization. When subjected to mechanical stress or undergoing interstitial migration, ATR-defective nuclei collapse accumulating nuclear envelope ruptures and perinuclear cGAS, which indicate loss of nuclear envelope integrity, and aberrant perinuclear chromatin status. ATR-defective cells also are defective in neuronal migration during development and in metastatic dissemination from circulating tumor cells. Our findings indicate that ATR ensures mechanical coupling of the cytoskeleton to the nuclear envelope and accompanying regulation of envelope-chromosome association. Thus the repertoire of ATR-regulated biological processes extends well beyond its canonical role in triggering biochemical implementation of the DNA damage response. The nucleus is a mechanically stiff organelle of the cell and the DNA damage response protein ATR can localize to the nuclear envelope upon mechanical stress. Here, the authors show that ATR may contribute to the integrity of the nuclear envelope and may play a role in cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qingsen Li
- IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Adhil Mohamood
- IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Angela Bachi
- IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Barozzi
- IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefano Piccolo
- IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Scita
- IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Maiuri
- IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Zhong-Wei Zhou
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Amit Kumar
- Genome and Cell Integrity Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy. .,University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Sun C, Zhao W, Wang X, Sun Y, Chen X. A pharmacological review of dicoumarol: An old natural anticoagulant agent. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105193. [PMID: 32911072 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dicoumarol is an oral anticoagulant agent prescribed in clinical for decades. It is a natural hydroxycoumarin discovered from the spoilage of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall and is originally discovered as a rodenticide. Due to its structural similarity to that of vitamin K, it significantly inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase and acts as a vitamin K antagonist. Dicoumarol is mainly used as an anticoagulant to prevent thrombogenesis and to cure vascular thrombosis. Other biological activities besides anticoagulants such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, etc., have also been documented. The side effects of dicoumarol raise safety concerns for clinical application. In this review, the physicochemical property, the pharmacological activities, the side effects, and the pharmacokinetics of dicoumarol were summarized, aiming to provide a whole picture of the "old" anticoagulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Yinxiang Sun
- Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Xiuping Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau.
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12
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Structure of the enterocyte transcytosis compartments during lipid absorption. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 153:413-429. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Mironov AA, Beznoussenko GV. Models of Intracellular Transport: Pros and Cons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:146. [PMID: 31440506 PMCID: PMC6693330 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular transport is one of the most confusing issues in the field of cell biology. Many different models and their combinations have been proposed to explain the experimental data on intracellular transport. Here, we analyse the data related to the mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi and intra-Golgi transport from the point of view of the main models of intracellular transport; namely: the vesicular model, the diffusion model, the compartment maturation–progression model, and the kiss-and-run model. This review initially describes our current understanding of Golgi function, while highlighting the recent progress that has been made. It then continues to discuss the outstanding questions and potential avenues for future research with regard to the models of these transport steps. To compare the power of these models, we have applied the method proposed by K. Popper; namely, the formulation of prohibitive observations according to, and the consecutive evaluation of, previous data, on the basis on the new models. The levels to which the different models can explain the experimental observations are different, and to date, the most powerful has been the kiss-and-run model, whereas the least powerful has been the diffusion model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Mironov
- Department of Cell Biology, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
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14
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Mastrodonato V, Beznoussenko G, Mironov A, Ferrari L, Deflorian G, Vaccari T. A genetic model of CEDNIK syndrome in zebrafish highlights the role of the SNARE protein Snap29 in neuromotor and epidermal development. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1211. [PMID: 30718891 PMCID: PMC6361908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Homozygous mutations in SNAP29, encoding a SNARE protein mainly involved in membrane fusion, cause CEDNIK (Cerebral Dysgenesis, Neuropathy, Ichthyosis and Keratoderma), a rare congenital neurocutaneous syndrome associated with short life expectancy, whose pathogenesis is unclear. Here, we report the analysis of the first genetic model of CEDNIK in zebrafish. Strikingly, homozygous snap29 mutant larvae display CEDNIK-like features, such as microcephaly and skin defects. Consistent with Snap29 role in membrane fusion during autophagy, we observe accumulation of the autophagy markers p62 and LC3, and formation of aberrant multilamellar organelles and mitochondria. Importantly, we find high levels of apoptotic cell death during early development that might play a yet uncharacterized role in CEDNIK pathogenesis. Mutant larvae also display mouth opening problems, feeding impairment and swimming difficulties. These alterations correlate with defective trigeminal nerve formation and excess axonal branching. Since the paralog Snap25 is known to promote axonal branching, Snap29 might act in opposition with, or modulate Snap25 activity during neurodevelopment. Our vertebrate genetic model of CEDNIK extends the description in vivo of the multisystem defects due to loss of Snap29 and could provide the base to test compounds that might ameliorate traits of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mastrodonato
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Department of Biosciences, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Galina Beznoussenko
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexandre Mironov
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Ferrari
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology, via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Deflorian
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.
| | - Thomas Vaccari
- University of Milan, Department of Biosciences, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Mironov AA, Dimov ID, Beznoussenko GV. Role of Intracellular Transport in the Centriole-Dependent Formation of Golgi Ribbon. Results Probl Cell Differ 2019; 67:49-79. [PMID: 31435792 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23173-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular transport is the most confusing issue in the field of cell biology. The Golgi complex (GC) is the central station along the secretory pathway. It contains Golgi glycosylation enzymes, which are responsible for protein and lipid glycosylation, and in many cells, it is organized into a ribbon. Position and structure of the GC depend on the position and function of the centriole. Here, we analyze published data related to the role of centriole and intracellular transport (ICT) for the formation of Golgi ribbon and specifically stress the importance of the delivery of membranes containing cargo and membrane proteins to the cell centre where centriole/centrosome is localized. Additionally, we re-examined the formation of Golgi ribbon from the point of view of different models of ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan D Dimov
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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16
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Sanavio B, Librizzi L, Pennacchio P, Beznoussenko GV, Sousa F, Silva PJ, Mironov AA, Frassoni C, Stellacci F, de Curtis M, Krol S. Distribution of superparamagnetic Au/Fe nanoparticles in an isolated guinea pig brain with an intact blood brain barrier. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22420-22428. [PMID: 30475372 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders, such as epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases and tumors, would benefit from innovative approaches to deliver therapeutic or diagnostic compounds into the brain parenchyma, with either a homogeneous or a targeted localized distribution pattern. To assess the mechanistic aspect of penetration of nanoparticles (NPs) into the brain parenchyma, a complex, yet controlled and facilitated environment was used: the isolated guinea pig brain maintained in vitro by arterial perfusion. In this unique preparation the blood-brain barrier and the interactions between vascular and neuronal compartments are morphologically and functionally preserved. In this study, superparamagnetic Au/Fe nanoparticles (MUS:OT Au/Fe NPs), recently studied as a promising magnetic resonance T2 contrast agent with high cellular penetration, were arterially perfused into the in vitro isolated brain and showed high and homogeneous penetration through transcytosis into the brain parenchyma. Ultramicroscopy investigation of the in vitro isolated brain sections by TEM analysis of the electron-dense core of the MUS:OT Au/Fe NPs was conducted to understand NPs' brain penetration through the BBB after in vitro arterial perfusion and their distribution in the parenchyma. Our data suggest that MUS:OT Au/Fe NPs enter the brain utilizing a physiological route and therefore can be exploited as brain penetrating nanomaterials with potential contrast agent and theranostics capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sanavio
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, c/o AMADEOLAB, via G.A. Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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17
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Mazumder A, Lee JY, Talhi O, Cerella C, Chateauvieux S, Gaigneaux A, Hong CR, Kang HJ, Lee Y, Kim KW, Kim DW, Shin HY, Dicato M, Bachari K, Silva AM, Orlikova-Boyer B, Diederich M. Hydroxycoumarin OT-55 kills CML cells alone or in synergy with imatinib or Synribo: Involvement of ER stress and DAMP release. Cancer Lett 2018; 438:197-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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18
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Osti D, Del Bene M, Rappa G, Santos M, Matafora V, Richichi C, Faletti S, Beznoussenko GV, Mironov A, Bachi A, Fornasari L, Bongetta D, Gaetani P, DiMeco F, Lorico A, Pelicci G. Clinical Significance of Extracellular Vesicles in Plasma from Glioblastoma Patients. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:266-276. [PMID: 30287549 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor. The identification of blood biomarkers reflecting the tumor status represents a major unmet need for optimal clinical management of patients with GBM. Their high number in body fluids, their stability, and the presence of many tumor-associated proteins and RNAs make extracellular vesicles potentially optimal biomarkers. Here, we investigated the potential role of plasma extracellular vesicles from patients with GBM for diagnosis and follow-up after treatment and as a prognostic tool. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Plasma from healthy controls (n = 33), patients with GBM (n = 43), and patients with different central nervous system malignancies (n = 25) were collected. Extracellular vesicles were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized in terms of morphology by transmission electron microscopy, concentration, and size by nanoparticle tracking analysis, and protein composition by mass spectrometry. An orthotopic mouse model of human GBM confirmed human plasma extracellular vesicle quantifications. Associations between plasma extracellular vesicle concentration and clinicopathologic features of patients with GBM were analyzed. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS GBM releases heterogeneous extracellular vesicles detectable in plasma. Plasma extracellular vesicle concentration was higher in GBM compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001), brain metastases (P < 0.001), and extra-axial brain tumors (P < 0.001). After surgery, a significant drop in plasma extracellular vesicle concentration was measured (P < 0.001). Plasma extracellular vesicle concentration was also increased in GBM-bearing mice (P < 0.001). Proteomic profiling revealed a GBM-distinctive signature. CONCLUSIONS Higher extracellular vesicle plasma levels may assist in GBM clinical diagnosis: their reduction after GBM resection, their rise at recurrence, and their protein cargo might provide indications about tumor, therapy response, and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Osti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Del Bene
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Germana Rappa
- College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Mark Santos
- College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | | | - Cristina Richichi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Faletti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Angela Bachi
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fornasari
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Bongetta
- Neurosurgery Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Gaetani
- Neurosurgery Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco DiMeco
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Aurelio Lorico
- College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, Nevada.,Mediterranean Institute of Oncology Foundation, Viagrande, Italy
| | - Giuliana Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Translational Medicine, Piemonte Orientale University "Amedeo Avogadro," Novara, Italy
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19
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Lee JY, Talhi O, Jang D, Cerella C, Gaigneaux A, Kim KW, Lee JW, Dicato M, Bachari K, Han BW, Silva AMS, Orlikova B, Diederich M. Cytostatic hydroxycoumarin OT52 induces ER/Golgi stress and STAT3 inhibition triggering non-canonical cell death and synergy with BH3 mimetics in lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2017; 416:94-108. [PMID: 29247826 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins are natural compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer potential known to modulate inflammatory pathways. Here, non-toxic biscoumarin OT52 strongly inhibited proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells with KRAS mutations, inhibited stem-like characteristics by reducing aldehyde dehydrogenase expression and abrogated spheroid formation capacity. This cytostatic effect was characterized by cell cycle arrest and onset of senescence concomitant with endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi stress, leading to metabolic alterations. Mechanistically, this cellular response was associated with the novel capacity of biscoumarin OT52 to inhibit STAT3 transactivation and expression of its target genes linked to proliferation. These results were validated by computational docking of OT52 to the STAT3 DNA-binding domain. Combination treatments of OT52 with subtoxic concentrations of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1-targeting BH3 protein inhibitors triggered synergistic immunogenic cell death validated in colony formation assays as well as in vivo by zebrafish xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08626, Republic of Korea
| | - Oualid Talhi
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques - CRAPC, B. P. 384, Bou-Ismail, 42004 Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Dongman Jang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08626, Republic of Korea
| | - Claudia Cerella
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08626, Republic of Korea; Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540, Luxembourg
| | - Anthoula Gaigneaux
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540, Luxembourg
| | - Kyu-Won Kim
- SNU-Harvard Neurovascular Protection Center, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540, Luxembourg
| | - Khaldoun Bachari
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques - CRAPC, B. P. 384, Bou-Ismail, 42004 Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Byung Woo Han
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08626, Republic of Korea
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Barbora Orlikova
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08626, Republic of Korea; Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540, Luxembourg
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08626, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Different Golgi ultrastructure across species and tissues: Implications under functional and pathological conditions, and an attempt at classification. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:186-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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21
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Ranftler C, Meisslitzer-Ruppitsch C, Neumüller J, Ellinger A, Pavelka M. Golgi apparatus dis- and reorganizations studied with the aid of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and visualized by 3D-electron tomography. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 147:415-438. [PMID: 27975144 PMCID: PMC5359389 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We studied Golgi apparatus disorganizations and reorganizations in human HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells by using the nonmetabolizable glucose analogue 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) and analyzing the changes in Golgi stack architectures by 3D-electron tomography. Golgi stacks remodel in response to 2DG-treatment and are replaced by tubulo-glomerular Golgi bodies, from which mini-Golgi stacks emerge again after removal of 2DG. The Golgi stack changes correlate with the measured ATP-values. Our findings indicate that the classic Golgi stack architecture is impeded, while cells are under the influence of 2DG at constantly low ATP-levels, but the Golgi apparatus is maintained in forms of the Golgi bodies and Golgi stacks can be rebuilt as soon as 2DG is removed. The 3D-electron microscopic results highlight connecting regions that interlink membrane compartments in all phases of Golgi stack reorganizations and show that the compact Golgi bodies mainly consist of continuous intertwined tubules. Connections and continuities point to possible new transport pathways that could substitute for other modes of traffic. The changing architectures visualized in this work reflect Golgi stack dynamics that may be essential for basic cell physiologic and pathologic processes and help to learn, how cells respond to conditions of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ranftler
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Josef Neumüller
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adolf Ellinger
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margit Pavelka
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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22
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Three-dimensional and immune electron microscopic analysis of the secretory pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:515-527. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1483-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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23
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Beznoussenko GV, Pilyugin SS, Geerts WJC, Kozlov MM, Burger KNJ, Luini A, Derganc J, Mironov AA. Trans-membrane area asymmetry controls the shape of cellular organelles. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5299-333. [PMID: 25761238 PMCID: PMC4394477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane organelles often have complicated shapes and differ in their volume, surface area and membrane curvature. The ratio between the surface area of the cytosolic and luminal leaflets (trans-membrane area asymmetry (TAA)) determines the membrane curvature within different sites of the organelle. Thus, the shape of the organelle could be critically dependent on TAA. Here, using mathematical modeling and stereological measurements of TAA during fast transformation of organelle shapes, we present evidence that suggests that when organelle volume and surface area are constant, TAA can regulate transformation of the shape of the Golgi apparatus, endosomal multivesicular bodies, and microvilli of brush borders of kidney epithelial cells. Extraction of membrane curvature by small spheres, such as COPI-dependent vesicles within the Golgi (extraction of positive curvature), or by intraluminal vesicles within endosomes (extraction of negative curvature) controls the shape of these organelles. For instance, Golgi tubulation is critically dependent on the fusion of COPI vesicles with Golgi cisternae, and vice versa, for the extraction of membrane curvature into 50–60 nm vesicles, to induce transformation of Golgi tubules into cisternae. Also, formation of intraluminal ultra-small vesicles after fusion of endosomes allows equilibration of their TAA, volume and surface area. Finally, when microvilli of the brush border are broken into vesicles and microvilli fragments, TAA of these membranes remains the same as TAA of the microvilli. Thus, TAA has a significant role in transformation of organelle shape when other factors remain constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina V Beznoussenko
- The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy.
- Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, S. Maria Imbaro, Chieti 66030, Italy.
| | - Sergei S Pilyugin
- Department of Mathematics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8105, USA.
| | - Willie J C Geerts
- Department of Biochemical Physiology, Institute of Biomembranes, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Michael M Kozlov
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Koert N J Burger
- Department of Biochemical Physiology, Institute of Biomembranes, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Alberto Luini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Jure Derganc
- Institute of Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Alexander A Mironov
- The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy.
- Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, S. Maria Imbaro, Chieti 66030, Italy.
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24
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Yamaji T, Hanada K. Sphingolipid metabolism and interorganellar transport: localization of sphingolipid enzymes and lipid transfer proteins. Traffic 2014; 16:101-22. [PMID: 25382749 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, many sphingolipid enzymes, sphingolipid-metabolism regulators and sphingolipid transfer proteins have been isolated and characterized. This review will provide an overview of the intracellular localization and topology of sphingolipid enzymes in mammalian cells to highlight the locations where respective sphingolipid species are produced. Interestingly, three sphingolipids that reside or are synthesized in cytosolic leaflets of membranes (ceramide, glucosylceramide and ceramide-1-phosphate) all have cytosolic lipid transfer proteins (LTPs). These LTPs consist of ceramide transfer protein (CERT), four-phosphate adaptor protein 2 (FAPP2) and ceramide-1-phosphate transfer protein (CPTP), respectively. These LTPs execute functions that affect both the location and metabolism of the lipids they bind. Molecular details describing the mechanisms of regulation of LTPs continue to emerge and reveal a number of critical processes, including competing phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions and binding interactions with regulatory proteins and lipids that influence the transport, organelle distribution and metabolism of sphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Yamaji
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
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25
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26
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Jarvela T, Linstedt AD. Isoform-specific tethering links the Golgi ribbon to maintain compartmentalization. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 25:133-44. [PMID: 24227884 PMCID: PMC3873884 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-07-0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of photoinactivation, cisternae-specific fluorescence recovery, and high-resolution microscopy shows that the membrane tethers GRASP65 and GRASP55 on early and late Golgi membranes, respectively, are critical to the specific, homotypic fusion of the membranes on which they reside. Homotypic membrane tethering by the Golgi reassembly and stacking proteins (GRASPs) is required for the lateral linkage of mammalian Golgi ministacks into a ribbon-like membrane network. Although GRASP65 and GRASP55 are specifically localized to cis and medial/trans cisternae, respectively, it is unknown whether each GRASP mediates cisternae-specific tethering and whether such specificity is necessary for Golgi compartmentalization. Here each GRASP was tagged with KillerRed (KR), expressed in HeLa cells, and inhibited by 1-min exposure to light. Significantly, inactivation of either GRASP unlinked the Golgi ribbon, and the immediate effect of GRASP65-KR inactivation was a loss of cis- rather than trans-Golgi integrity, whereas inactivation of GRASP55-KR first affected the trans- and not the cis-Golgi. Thus each GRASP appears to play a direct and cisternae-specific role in linking ministacks into a continuous membrane network. To test the consequence of loss of cisternae-specific tethering, we generated Golgi membranes with a single GRASP on all cisternae. Remarkably, the membranes exhibited the full connectivity of wild-type Golgi ribbons but were decompartmentalized and defective in glycan processing. Thus the GRASP isoforms specifically link analogous cisternae to ensure Golgi compartmentalization and proper processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Jarvela
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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Mironov AA, Sesorova IV, Beznoussenko GV. Golgi's way: a long path toward the new paradigm of the intra-Golgi transport. Histochem Cell Biol 2013; 140:383-93. [PMID: 24068461 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-013-1141-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The transport of proteins and lipids is one of the main cellular functions. The vesicular model, compartment (or cisterna) maturation model, and the diffusion model compete with each other for the right to be the paradigm within the field of the intra-Golgi transport. These models have significant difficulties explaining the existing experimental data. Recently, we proposed the kiss-and-run (KAR) model of intra-Golgi transport (Mironov and Beznoussenko in Int J Mol Sci 13(6):6800-6819, 2012), which can be symmetric, when fusion and fission occur in the same location, and asymmetric, when fusion and fission take place at different sites. Here, we compare the ability of main models of the intra-Golgi transport to explain the existing results examining the evidence in favor and against each model. We propose that the KAR model has the highest potential for the explanation of the majority of experimental observations existing within the field of intracellular transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Mironov
- Istituto di Oncologia Molecolare di Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, 20139, Milan, Italy,
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28
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Martínez-Alonso E, Tomás M, Martínez-Menárguez JA. Golgi tubules: their structure, formation and role in intra-Golgi transport. Histochem Cell Biol 2013; 140:327-39. [PMID: 23812035 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-013-1114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tubules are common Golgi elements that can form extensive networks associated with the cis-, lateral and trans-Golgi sides, but despite this, they have almost been forgotten for decades. The molecular mechanisms involved in their formation, elongation and fission are only just beginning to be understood. However, the role of these membranes is not well understood. In the present review, we analyze the mechanisms that induce Golgi tubulation or, conversely, disrupt tubules in order to throw some lights on the nature of these elements. The putative role of these elements in the framework of current models for intra-Golgi transport is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Medical School, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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29
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Rehman S, Ikram M, Baker RJ, Zubair M, Azad E, Min S, Riaz K, Mok KH, Rehman SU. Synthesis, characterization, in vitro antimicrobial, and U2OS tumoricidal activities of different coumarin derivatives. Chem Cent J 2013; 7:68. [PMID: 23587363 PMCID: PMC3668295 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-7-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coumarin and its derivatives are biologically very active. It was found that the enhanced activities are dependent on the coumarin nucleus. Biological significance of these compounds include anti-bacterial, anti-thrombotic and vasodilatory, anti-mutagenic, lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase inhibition, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, and anti-tumourigenic. Our interest in medicinal chemistry of dicoumarol compounds have been developed by keeping in view the importance of coumarins along with its derivatives in medicinal chemistry. All the synthesized compounds were fully characterized by spectroscopic and analytical techniques and were screened for antimicrobial and U2OS bone cancer activities. RESULTS 4-hydroxycoumarin was derivatized by condensing with different aldehydes yielding the dicoumarol and translactonized products. Elemental analyses, ESI(+,-) MS, 1H and 13C{1H}-NMR, infrared spectroscopy and conductance studies were used to characterize the synthesized compounds which revealed the dicoumarol and dichromone structures for the compounds. The compounds were screened against U2OS cancerous cells and pathogenic micro organisms. The compounds with intermolecular H-bonding were found more active revealing a possible relationship among hydrogen bonding, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities. CONCLUSION Coumarin based drugs can be designed for the possible treatment of U2OS leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Rehman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar 25120, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Robert J Baker
- School of Chemistry, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- School of Chemistry, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Effat Azad
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Soyoung Min
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Kashif Riaz
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-Pakistan, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - KH Mok
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Saeed-Ur Rehman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar 25120, Peshawar, Pakistan
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30
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Mironov AA, Beznoussenko GV. The kiss-and-run model of intra-Golgi transport. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:6800-6819. [PMID: 22837664 PMCID: PMC3397496 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13066800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA) is the main station along the secretory pathway. Mechanisms of intra-Golgi transport remain unresolved. Three models compete with each other for the right to be defined as the paradigm. The vesicular model cannot explain the following: (1) lipid droplets and aggregates of procollagen that are larger than coatomer I (COPI)-dependent vesicles are transported across the GA; and (2) most anterograde cargoes are depleted in COPI vesicles. The compartment progression/maturation model has the following problems: (1) most Golgi-resident proteins are depleted in COPI vesicles; (2) there are no COPI vesicles for the recycling of the resident proteins in the trans-most-Golgi cisterna; and (3) different proteins have different rates of intra-Golgi transport. The diffusion model based on permanent inter-cisternal connections cannot explain the existence of lipid, ionic and protein gradients across the Golgi stacks. In contrast, the kiss-and-run model has the potential to explain most of the experimental observations. The kiss-and-run model can be symmetric when fusion and then fission occurs in the same place, and asymmetric when fusion takes place in one location, whereas fission takes place in another. The asymmetric kiss-and-run model resembles the carrier maturation mechanism, and it can be used to explain the transport of large cargo aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Mironov
- IFOM Foundation, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM-IEO Campus), Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Galina V. Beznoussenko
- IFOM Foundation, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM-IEO Campus), Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
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De Pascale G, Griffiths EJ, Shakya T, Nazi I, Wright GD. Identification and Characterization of New Inhibitors of Fungal Homoserine Kinase. Chembiochem 2011; 12:1179-82. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Palmisano G, Tibiletti F, Penoni A, Colombo F, Tollari S, Garella D, Tagliapietra S, Cravotto G. Ultrasound-enhanced one-pot synthesis of 3-(Het)arylmethyl-4-hydroxycoumarins in water. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2011; 18:652-660. [PMID: 20826107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
3-(Aryl)methyl-4-hydroxycoumarins were produced in good to excellent yields by reaction between 4-hydroxycoumarin and (hetero)aromatic aldehydes in the presence of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridine (HEH) which works as an hydride donor (i.e., in a sequential Knoevenagel-reductive Michael addition). The sonochemical-assisted procedure (method B) provides an improved and accelerated conversion when compared to conventional silent reactions (method A). Experiments carried out according to method B showed that the reaction could be more efficiently run in the absence of organic solvents, at 30-40°C in open vessel, without the need of an excess HEH and with simplified work-up and separation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Palmisano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Ambientali, Università dell'Insubria, Como, Italy
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Pietro ES, Capestrano M, Polishchuk EV, DiPentima A, Trucco A, Zizza P, Mariggiò S, Pulvirenti T, Sallese M, Tete S, Mironov AA, Leslie CC, Corda D, Luini A, Polishchuk RS. Group IV phospholipase A(2)alpha controls the formation of inter-cisternal continuities involved in intra-Golgi transport. PLoS Biol 2009; 7:e1000194. [PMID: 19753100 PMCID: PMC2732982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The organization of intra-Golgi trafficking and the nature of the transport intermediates involved (e.g., vesicles, tubules, or tubular continuities) remain incompletely understood. It was recently shown that successive cisternae in the Golgi stack are interconnected by membrane tubules that form during the arrival of transport carriers from the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we examine the mechanisms of generation and the function of these tubules. In principle, tubule formation might depend on several protein- and/or lipid-based mechanisms. Among the latter, we have studied the phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))-mediated generation of wedge-shaped lysolipids, with the resulting local positive membrane curvature. We show that the arrival of cargo at the Golgi complex induces the recruitment of Group IVA Ca(2+)-dependent, cytosolic PLA(2) (cPLA(2)alpha) onto the Golgi complex itself, and that this cPLA(2)alpha is required for the formation of the traffic-dependent intercisternal tubules and for intra-Golgi transport. In contrast, silencing of cPLA(2)alpha has no inhibitory effects on peri-Golgi vesicles. These findings identify cPLA(2)alpha as the first component of the machinery that is responsible for the formation of intercisternal tubular continuities and support a role for these continuities in transport through the Golgi complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica San Pietro
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Elena V. Polishchuk
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessio DiPentima
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alvar Trucco
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Pasquale Zizza
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Mariggiò
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Teodoro Pulvirenti
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Sallese
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Tete
- Department of Oral Sciences, University “G. D'Annunzio”, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alexander A. Mironov
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Christina C. Leslie
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Daniela Corda
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberto Luini
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (AL); (RSP)
| | - Roman S. Polishchuk
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Chieti, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (AL); (RSP)
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Abstract
The Golgi complex is the central sorting and processing station of the secretory pathway, ensuring that cargo proteins, which are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum, are properly glycosylated and packaged into carriers for transport to their final destinations. Two recent studies highlight the fact that properties of membrane lipids play key roles in Golgi structural organization and trafficking. The Antonny laboratory has demonstrated the mechanism by which a Golgi tether containing a membrane-curvature-sensing domain at one end can link highly curved and flat membranes together in a reversible manner. In this way, a strong interaction that binds membranes together in an oriented fashion can easily be disrupted as the properties of the membranes change. The Lippincott-Schwartz laboratory has developed a new model for intra-Golgi trafficking, called the rapid-partitioning model, which incorporates lipid trafficking as an integral part. Simulations reveal that the sorting of lipids into processing and export domains that are connected to each Golgi cisterna, and bidirectional trafficking throughout the Golgi to allow proteins to associate with their preferred lipid environment, is sufficient to drive protein transport through the secretory pathway. Although only a proof in principle, this model for the first time invokes lipid sorting as the driving force in intra-Golgi trafficking, and provides a framework for future experimental work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Jackson
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Komiyama T, Coppola JM, Larsen MJ, van Dort ME, Ross BD, Day R, Rehemtulla A, Fuller RS. Inhibition of furin/proprotein convertase-catalyzed surface and intracellular processing by small molecules. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:15729-38. [PMID: 19332539 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m901540200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Furin is a ubiquitously expressed proprotein convertase (PC) that plays a vital role in numerous disease processes including cancer metastasis, bacterial toxin activation (e.g. anthrax and Pseudomonas), and viral propagation (e.g. avian influenza and human immunodeficiency virus). To identify small molecule inhibitors of furin and related processing enzymes, we performed high-throughput screens of chemical diversity libraries utilizing both enzyme-based and cell-based assays. The screens identified partially overlapping sets of compounds that were further characterized for affinity, mechanism, and efficacy in additional cellular processing assays. Dicoumarols were identified as a class of compounds that inhibited furin non-competitively and reversibly with Ki values in the micromolar range. These compounds inhibited furin/furin-like activity both at the cell surface (protecting against anthrax toxin) and in the secretory pathway (blocking processing of the metastasis factor membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase/MT1-MMP) at concentrations close to Ki values. Compounds tested exhibited distinct patterns of inhibition of other furin-family PCs (rat PACE4, human PC5/6 and human PC7), showing that dicoumarol derivatives might be developed as either generic or selective inhibitors of the PCs. The extensive clinical use, high bioavailability and relatively low toxicity of dicoumarols suggests that the dicoumarol structure will be a good starting point for development of drug-like inhibitors of furin and other PCs that can act both intracellularly and at the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Komiyama
- Departments of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0606, USA
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D'Angelo G, Polishchuk E, Di Tullio G, Santoro M, Di Campli A, Godi A, West G, Bielawski J, Chuang CC, van der Spoel AC, Platt FM, Hannun YA, Polishchuk R, Mattjus P, De Matteis MA. Glycosphingolipid synthesis requires FAPP2 transfer of glucosylceramide. Nature 2007; 449:62-7. [PMID: 17687330 DOI: 10.1038/nature06097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 485] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2007] [Accepted: 07/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The molecular machinery responsible for the generation of transport carriers moving from the Golgi complex to the plasma membrane relies on a tight interplay between proteins and lipids. Among the lipid-binding proteins of this machinery, we previously identified the four-phosphate adaptor protein FAPP2, the pleckstrin homology domain of which binds phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and the small GTPase ARF1. FAPP2 also possesses a glycolipid-transfer-protein homology domain. Here we show that human FAPP2 is a glucosylceramide-transfer protein that has a pivotal role in the synthesis of complex glycosphingolipids, key structural and signalling components of the plasma membrane. The requirement for FAPP2 makes the whole glycosphingolipid synthetic pathway sensitive to regulation by phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and ARF1. Thus, by coupling the synthesis of glycosphingolipids with their export to the cell surface, FAPP2 emerges as crucial in determining the lipid identity and composition of the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni D'Angelo
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Via Nazionale 8/A, 66030 Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
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Colanzi A, Carcedo CH, Persico A, Cericola C, Turacchio G, Bonazzi M, Luini A, Corda D. The Golgi mitotic checkpoint is controlled by BARS-dependent fission of the Golgi ribbon into separate stacks in G2. EMBO J 2007; 26:2465-76. [PMID: 17431394 PMCID: PMC1868899 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2006] [Accepted: 03/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi ribbon is a complex structure of many stacks interconnected by tubules that undergo fragmentation during mitosis through a multistage process that allows correct Golgi inheritance. The fissioning protein CtBP1-S/BARS (BARS) is essential for this, and is itself required for mitotic entry: a block in Golgi fragmentation results in cell-cycle arrest in G2, defining the 'Golgi mitotic checkpoint'. Here, we clarify the precise stage of Golgi fragmentation required for mitotic entry and the role of BARS in this process. Thus, during G2, the Golgi ribbon is converted into isolated stacks by fission of interstack connecting tubules. This requires BARS and is sufficient for G2/M transition. Cells without a Golgi ribbon are independent of BARS for Golgi fragmentation and mitotic entrance. Remarkably, fibroblasts from BARS-knockout embryos have their Golgi complex divided into isolated stacks at all cell-cycle stages, bypassing the need for BARS for Golgi fragmentation. This identifies the precise stage of Golgi fragmentation and the role of BARS in the Golgi mitotic checkpoint, setting the stage for molecular analysis of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Colanzi
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Via Nazionale, 8/A, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti 66030, Italy. Tel.: +39 0872 570353; Fax: +39 0872 570412; E-mail:
| | - Cristina Hidalgo Carcedo
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- Present address: Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - Angela Persico
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudia Cericola
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gabriele Turacchio
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonazzi
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
- Present address: Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alberto Luini
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
| | - Daniela Corda
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Via Nazionale, 8/A, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti 66030, Italy. Tel.: +39 0872 570353; Fax: +39 0872 570412; E-mail:
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38
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Mironov AA, Beznoussenko GV, Polishchuk RS, Trucco A. Intra-Golgi transport: A way to a new paradigm? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2005; 1744:340-50. [PMID: 15979506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2005.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2005] [Revised: 03/11/2005] [Accepted: 03/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The morpho-functional principles of intra-Golgi transport are, surprisingly, still not clear, which is in marked contrast to our advanced knowledge of the underlying molecular machineries. Recently, the conceptual and technological hindrances that had delayed progress in this area have been disappearing, and a cluster of powerful morphological techniques has been revealing new glimpses of the organization of traffic in intact cells. Here, we discuss the new concepts around the present models of intra-Golgi transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Mironov
- Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Via Nazionale, 66030 Santa Maria Imbaro (Chieti), Italy.
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