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Mohapatra S, Iqubal A, Ansari MJ, Jan B, Zahiruddin S, Mirza MA, Ahmad S, Iqbal Z. Benefits of Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) for Women Health: An Up-Close and In-Depth Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030278. [PMID: 35337076 PMCID: PMC8953734 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Women’s health is an imminent concern worldwide, but it remains an ignored segment of research in most developing countries, and is yet to take the center stage in even developed nations. Some exclusive female health concerns revolve around both pathological and physiological aspects. These gender-specific maladies include breast, cervical, and ovarian cancers, and physiological concerns such as menopause and osteoporosis, which are often coexistent. Recently, women’s health issues, including postmenopausal syndrome, have attracted the attention of researchers and practitioners alike, opening newer pharmaceutical research and clinical avenues. Although not counted as a disease, postmenopausal syndrome (PMS) is a female health phenomenon underpinned by hormonal depletion. Enhanced life expectancy in women has added to their suffering, and pharmacological interventions are needed. Amongst the available treatment modalities, the use of numerous botanicals has emerged as an efficient health management tool for women. Cimicifuga racemosa (CR or Black Cohosh) is a plant/herb which has been traditionally exploited and extensively used by women. This review is an attempt to compile and provide a summary of the importance of CR in complementary and alternative therapies for the improvement of various disorders related to women, such as menopausal syndrome, mammary cancer, and osteoporosis. It aims to systematically highlight the bioactive constituents, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic potentials, quality control processes, chromatographic techniques, and possible mechanisms of action of clinically effective phytomedicine for women’s health. Various clinical trials and patents relating to CR and women’s health have been collated. Furthermore, the plant and its related products have been considered from a regulatory perspective to reveal its commercial feasibility. The present review summarizes the existing data on CR focusing on women’s health, which can help to introduce this traditional phytomedicine to the world and provide some reference for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sradhanjali Mohapatra
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India;
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; (B.J.); (S.Z.)
| | - Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bisma Jan
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; (B.J.); (S.Z.)
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; (B.J.); (S.Z.)
| | - Mohd Aamir Mirza
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India;
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (S.A.); (Z.I.); Tel.: +98-11-733-016 (Z.I.)
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India; (B.J.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (S.A.); (Z.I.); Tel.: +98-11-733-016 (Z.I.)
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India;
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (S.A.); (Z.I.); Tel.: +98-11-733-016 (Z.I.)
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Shanmughanandhan J, Shanmughanandhan D, Ragupathy S, Henry TA, Newmaster SG. Quantification of Actaea racemosa L. (black cohosh) from some of its potential adulterants using qPCR and dPCR methods. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4331. [PMID: 33619286 PMCID: PMC7900226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for popular natural health products (NHPs) such as Black Cohosh is increasing considerably, which in turn challenges quality assurance (QA) throughout the supply chain. To detect and quantify the target species present in a given NHP, DNA-based molecular techniques such as Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) are standard tools in the food and pathogen testing industries. There is a gap in the literature concerning validated quantitative PCR methods for botanicals that can be utilized for QA and good manufacturing practices. The objective of this study is to develop an efficient quantification method using qPCR and dPCR techniques for the detection and quantification of Actaea racemosa (Black cohosh) NHPs from its potential adulterants. These developed methods are validated for applicability on commercial NHPs. Species-specific hydrolysis probe assays were designed to analyze the black cohosh NHPs using qPCR and dPCR techniques. The results confirmed that the developed qPCR and dPCR methods are highly precise for identifying and quantifying black cohosh NHPs, indicating their potential applicability in future routine industrial and laboratory testing. This enables a single qPCR test to determine not only the presence of a specific botanical, but also the amount when mixed with an adulterant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeevitha Shanmughanandhan
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Dhivya Shanmughanandhan
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Subramanyam Ragupathy
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Thomas A Henry
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Steven G Newmaster
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
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Mutaillifu P, Bobakulov K, Abuduwaili A, Huojiaaihemaiti H, Nuerxiati R, Aisa HA, Yili A. Structural characterization and antioxidant activities of a water soluble polysaccharide isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:751-759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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4
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A theoretical study on the antioxidant activity of Uralenol and Neouralenol scavenging two radicals. Struct Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-018-1090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bittner M, Schenk R, Springer A, Melzig MF. Economical, Plain, and Rapid Authentication of Actaea racemosa L. (syn. Cimicifuga racemosa, Black Cohosh) Herbal Raw Material by Resilient RP-PDA-HPLC and Chemometric Analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2016; 27:318-325. [PMID: 27690371 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The medicinal plant Actaea racemosa L. (Ranunculaceae, aka black cohosh) is widely used to treat climacteric complaints as an alternative to hormone substitution. Recent trials prove efficacy and safety of the approved herbal medicinal products from extracts of pharmaceutical quality. This led to worldwide increasing sales. A higher demand for the plant material results in problems with economically motivated adulteration. Thus, reliable tools for herbal drug authentication are necessary. OBJECTIVE To develop an economical, plain, and rapid method to distinguish between closely related American and Asian Actaea species, using securely established and resilient analytical methods coupled to a chemometric evaluation of the resulting data. METHODOLOGY We developed and validated a RP-PDA-HPLC method including an extraction by ultra-sonication to determine the genuine contents of partly hydrolysis-sensitive polyphenols in Actaea racemosa roots and rhizomes, and applied it to a large number of 203 Actaea samples consisting of seven species. RESULTS We were able to generate reliable data with regards to the polyphenolic esters in the samples. The evaluation of this data by principle component analysis (PCA) made a discrimination between Asian Actaea species (sheng ma), one American Actaea species (Appalachian bugbane), and A. racemosa possible. CONCLUSION The developed RP-PDA-HPLC method coupled to PCA is an excellent tool for authentication of the Actaea racemosa herbal drug, and can be a powerful addition to the TLC methods used in the dedicated pharmacopoeias, and is a promising alternative to expensive and lots of expertise requiring methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Bittner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Schenk
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 5, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Springer
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Core Facility BioSupraMol, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias F Melzig
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
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Karaoğul E, Parlar P, Parlar H, Alma MH. Enrichment of the Glycyrrhizic Acid from Licorice Roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) by Isoelectric Focused Adsorptive Bubble Chromatography. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2016; 2016:7201740. [PMID: 26949562 PMCID: PMC4753350 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7201740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to enrich glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt known as one of the main compounds of licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) by isoelectric focused adsorptive bubble separation technique with different foaming agents. In the experiments, four bubble separation parameters were used with β-lactoglobulin, albumin bovine, and starch (soluble) preferred as foaming agents and without additives. The enrichment of glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt into the foam was influenced by different additive substances. The results showed that highest enrichment values were obtained from β-lactoglobulin as much as 368.3 times. The lowest enrichment values (5.9 times) were determined for the application without additive. After enrichment, each experiment of glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt confirmed that these substances could be quantitatively enriched into the collection vessel with isoelectric focused adsorptive bubble separation technique. The transfer of glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt into the foam from standard solution in the presence of additive was more efficient than aqueous licorice extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyyüp Karaoğul
- Department of Forest Industry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Perihan Parlar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Esenyurt University, Esenyurt, 34510 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Harun Parlar
- Department of Chemical-Technical Analysis and Chemical Food Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M. Hakkı Alma
- Department of Forest Industry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
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Abstract
Regulated differently than drugs or foods, the market for botanical dietary supplements continues to grow worldwide. The recently implemented U.S. FDA regulation that all botanical dietary supplements must be produced using good manufacturing practice is an important step toward enhancing the safety of these products, but additional safeguards could be implemented, and unlike drugs, there are currently no efficacy requirements. To ensure a safe and effective product, botanical dietary supplements should be developed in a manner analogous to pharmaceuticals that involves identification of mechanisms of action and active constituents, chemical standardization based on the active compounds, biological standardization based on pharmacological activity, preclinical evaluation of toxicity and potential for drug-botanical interactions, metabolism of active compounds, and finally, clinical studies of safety and efficacy. Completing these steps will enable the translation of botanicals from the field to safe human use as dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. van Breemen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research,
Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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Zhang L, Cui ZH, Mu YX, Wei KH, Li ZH, Zhu H, Yang DW, Wang YL, Long P, Zhang CH, Li MH. Ethnopharmacological Investigation and Rapid Authentication of Mongolian Patent Medicines Digeda. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1674-6384(15)60044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Mei Z, Zhang C, Khan MA, Zhu Y, Tania M, Luo P, Fu J. Efficiency of improved RAPD and ISSR markers in assessing genetic diversity and relationships in Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels varieties of China. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Xiang Y, Song X, Qiao J, Zang Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Liu C. An ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography method with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for simultaneous quantification of five phytohormones in medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis under abscisic acid stress. J Nat Med 2015; 69:278-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-015-0889-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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11
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Chen R, Dong J, Cui X, Wang W, Yasmeen A, Deng Y, Zeng X, Tang Z. DNA based identification of medicinal materials in Chinese patent medicines. Sci Rep 2012; 2:958. [PMID: 23233877 PMCID: PMC3518818 DOI: 10.1038/srep00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese patent medicines (CPM) are highly processed and easy to use Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The market for CPM in China alone is tens of billions US dollars annually and some of the CPM are also used as dietary supplements for health augmentation in the western countries. But concerns continue to be raised about the legality, safety and efficacy of many popular CPM. Here we report a pioneer work of applying molecular biotechnology to the identification of CPM, particularly well refined oral liquids and injections. What's more, this PCR based method can also be developed to an easy to use and cost-effective visual chip by taking advantage of G-quadruplex based Hybridization Chain Reaction. This study demonstrates that DNA identification of specific Medicinal materials is an efficient and cost-effective way to audit highly processed CPM and will assist in monitoring their quality and legality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology , Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, PR China
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12
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Selection and authentication of botanical materials for the development of analytical methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:4419-28. [PMID: 23224664 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Herbal products, for example botanical dietary supplements, are widely used. Analytical methods are needed to ensure that botanical ingredients used in commercial products are correctly identified and that research materials are of adequate quality and are sufficiently characterized to enable research to be interpreted and replicated. Adulteration of botanical material in commerce is common for some species. The development of analytical methods for specific botanicals, and accurate reporting of research results, depend critically on correct identification of test materials. Conscious efforts must therefore be made to ensure that the botanical identity of test materials is rigorously confirmed and documented through preservation of vouchers, and that their geographic origin and handling are appropriate. Use of material with an associated herbarium voucher that can be botanically identified is always ideal. Indirect methods of authenticating bulk material in commerce, for example use of organoleptic, anatomical, chemical, or molecular characteristics, are not always acceptable for the chemist's purposes. Familiarity with botanical and pharmacognostic literature is necessary to determine what potential adulterants exist and how they may be distinguished.
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Maturation of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells induced by Radix Glycyrrhizae polysaccharide. Molecules 2012; 17:6557-68. [PMID: 22728353 PMCID: PMC6268382 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17066557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Glycyrrhizae polysaccharide (GP), the most important component of Radix Glycyrrhizae, has been reported to have many immunopharmacological activities. However, the mechanism by which GP affects dendritic cells (DCs) has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of GP on murine bone marrow-derived DCs and the potential pathway through which GP exerts this effect. Mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from murine bone marrow and induced to become DCs by culturing with GM-CSF and IL-4. Six days later, DCs were divided into three groups: control group, GP group and LPS group. After 48 h of treatment, phenotypic figures and antigen uptake ability were determined by FACS analysis. The proliferation of DC-stimulated allogenic CD3+ T cells was detected by WST-1. IL-12 p70 and IFN-γ, which are secreted by DCs and CD3+ T cells respectively, were quantified by ELISA. Additionally, IL-12 p40 mRNA expression was determined by real-time PCR. Alterations in TLR4-related signaling pathways were examined by performing an antibody neutralization experiment. Treatment of DCs with GP resulted in the enhanced expression of the cell surface molecules CD80, CD86 and MHC I-A/I-E. GP also increased the production of IL-12 p70 by DCs in a time-dependent manner. The endocytosis of FITC-dextran by DCs was suppressed by GP administration. Furthermore, GP-treated DCs enhanced both the proliferation and IFN-γ secretion of allogenic CD3+ T cells. Finally, the effects of GP on DCs were partially reduced by using inhibitors of TLR4, NF-κB, p38 MAPK or JNK. In conclusion, GP can induce the maturation of DCs, and does so, in part, by regulating a TLR4-related signaling pathway.
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Nikolić D, Gödecke T, Chen SN, White J, Lankin DC, Pauli GF, van Breemen RB. Mass spectrometric dereplication of nitrogen-containing constituents of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa L.). Fitoterapia 2011; 83:441-60. [PMID: 22178683 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Black cohosh preparations are popular dietary supplements among women seeking alternative treatments for menopausal complaints. For decades, triterpene glycosides and phenolic acids have dominated the phytochemical and biomedical research on this plant. In this study, we provide evidence that black cohosh contains an unexpected and highly diverse group of secondary nitrogenous metabolites previously unknown to exist in this plant. Using a dereplication approach that combines accurate mass measurements, database searches and general knowledge of biosynthetic pathways of natural products, we identified or tentatively identified 73 nitrogen-containing metabolites, many of which are new natural products. The identified compounds belong to several structural groups including alkaloids, amides or esters of hydroxycinnamic acids and betains. Among the alkaloids, several classes such as guanidino alkaloids, isoquinolines and β-carbolines were identified. Fragmentation patterns for major compound classes are discussed, which provides a framework for the discovery of these compounds from other sources. Identification of alkaloids as a well-known group of bioactive natural products represents an important advance in better understanding of the pharmacological profile of black cohosh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Nikolić
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA.
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Li J, Gödecke T, Chen SN, Imai A, Lankin D, Farnsworth NR, Pauli GF, van Breemen RB, Nikolić D. In vitro metabolic interactions between black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) and tamoxifen via inhibition of cytochromes P450 2D6 and 3A4. Xenobiotica 2011; 41:10.3109/00498254.2011.603385. [PMID: 21827327 PMCID: PMC3565011 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2011.603385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Women who experience hot flashes as a side effect of tamoxifen (TAM) therapy often try botanical remedies such as black cohosh to alleviate these symptoms. Since pharmacological activity of TAM is dependent on the metabolic conversion into active metabolites by the action of cytochromes P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) and 3A4, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether black cohosh extracts can inhibit formation of active TAM metabolites and possibly reduce its clinical efficacy. At 50 μg/mL, a 75% ethanolic extract of black cohosh inhibited formation of 4-hydroxy- TAM by 66.3%, N-desmethyl TAM by 74.6% and α-hydroxy TAM by 80.3%. In addition, using midazolam and dextromethorphan as probe substrates, this extract inhibited CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 with IC(50) values of 16.5 and 50.1 μg/mL, respectively. Eight triterpene glycosides were identified as competitive CYP3A4 inhibitors with IC(50) values ranging from 2.3-5.1 µM, while the alkaloids protopine and allocryptopine were identified as competitive CYP2D6 inhibitors with K(i) values of 78 and 122 nM, respectively. The results of this study suggests that co-administration of black cohosh with TAM might interfere with the clinical efficacy of this drug. However, additional clinical studies are needed to determine the clinical significance of these in vitro results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanja Gödecke
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | - Ayano Imai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | - David Lankin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | - Norman R. Farnsworth
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | - Richard B. van Breemen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | - Dejan Nikolić
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
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16
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Tohma HS, Gulçin I. Antioxidant and Radical Scavenging Activity of Aerial Parts and Roots of Turkish Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza Glabra L.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10942911003773916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Serbetci Tohma
- a Atatürk University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ilhami Gulçin
- a Atatürk University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Erzurum, Turkey
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Farnsworth NR, Mahady GB. Research highlights from the UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research for Women's Health: Black cohosh from the field to the clinic. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2009; 47:755-760. [PMID: 20161501 PMCID: PMC2796808 DOI: 10.1080/13880200902988637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In 1999, the Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy at the College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois (UIC) at Chicago was funded to establish a Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The emphasis of the UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research (CBDSR) is botanical dietary supplements (BDS) for women's health. Center's research has focused on BDS that may improve women's health and quality of life, specifically in the areas of menopause, premenstrual syndrome, and persistent urinary tract infections. Center investigators have overcome many challenges associated with botanical dietary supplements research, including acquiring and identifying plant species for investigation, isolating and identifying active constituents, elucidating the mechanisms of action of these botanicals, and conducting phase I and phase II clinical studies. Black cohosh [Actaea racemosa L. (Ranunculaceae)] has been used as a model to illustrate the steps involved in taking a botanical dietary supplement from the field, all the way to clinical trials. Bioassays are described that were necessary to elucidate the pertinent biological studies of plant extracts and their mechanisms of action. The Center has used an innovative multidisciplinary approach to this type of research, and thus has been very successful in fulfilling its specific aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman R Farnsworth
- Director, University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy
| | - Gail B. Mahady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL
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POWELL SHARLAL, GÖDECKE TANJA, NIKOLIC DEJAN, CHEN SHAONONG, AHN SOYOUN, DIETZ BIRGIT, FARNSWORTH NORMANR, VAN BREEMEN RICHARDB, LANKIN DAVID, PAULI GUIDOF, BOLTON JUDYL. In vitro serotonergic activity of black cohosh and identification of N(omega)-methylserotonin as a potential active constituent. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:11718-26. [PMID: 19049296 PMCID: PMC3684073 DOI: 10.1021/jf803298z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. (syn. Actaea racemosa L., black cohosh) is used to relieve menopausal hot flashes, although clinical studies have provided conflicting data, and the active constituent(s) and mechanism(s) of action remain unknown. Because serotonergic receptors and transporters are involved with thermoregulation, black cohosh and its phytoconstituents were evaluated for serotonergic activity using 5-HT7 receptor binding, cAMP induction, and serotonin selective re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) assays. Crude extracts displayed 5-HT7 receptor binding activity and induced cAMP production. Fractionation of the methanol extract led to isolation of phenolic acids and identification of N(omega)-methylserotonin by LC-MS/MS. Cimicifuga triterpenoids and phenolic acids bound weakly to the 5-HT7 receptor with no cAMP or SSRI activity. In contrast, N(omega)-methylserotonin showed 5-HT7 receptor binding (IC50 = 23 pM), induced cAMP (EC50 = 22 nM), and blocked serotonin re-uptake (IC50 = 490 nM). These data suggest N(omega)-methylserotonin may be responsible for the serotonergic activity of black cohosh.
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Affiliation(s)
- SHARLA L. POWELL
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - TANJA GÖDECKE
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - DEJAN NIKOLIC
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - SHAO-NONG CHEN
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - SOYOUN AHN
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - BIRGIT DIETZ
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - NORMAN R. FARNSWORTH
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - RICHARD B. VAN BREEMEN
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - DAVID LANKIN
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - GUIDO F. PAULI
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
| | - JUDY L. BOLTON
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, M/C 781, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612-7231
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RenJie L. Optimization of extraction process of Glycyrrhiza glabra polysaccharides by response surface methodology. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Overk CR, Yao P, Chen S, Deng S, Imai A, Main M, Schinkovitz A, Farnsworth NR, Pauli GF, Bolton JL. High-content screening and mechanism-based evaluation of estrogenic botanical extracts. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2008; 11:283-93. [PMID: 18473738 DOI: 10.2174/138620708784246022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Symptoms associated with menopause can greatly affect the quality of life for women. Botanical dietary supplements have been viewed by the public as safe and effective despite a lack of evidence indicating a urgent necessity to standardize these supplements chemically and biologically. Seventeen plants were evaluated for estrogenic biological activity using standard assays: competitive estrogen receptor (ER) binding assay for both alpha and beta subtypes, transient transfection of the estrogen response element luciferase plasmid into MCF-7 cells expressing either ER alpha or ER beta, and the Ishikawa alkaline phosphatase induction assay for both estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities. Based on the combination of data pooled from these assays, the following was determined: a) a high rate of false positive activity for the competitive binding assays, b) some extracts had estrogenic activity despite a lack of ability to bind the ER, c) one extract exhibited selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) activity, and d) several extracts show additive/synergistic activity. Taken together, these data indicate a need to reprioritize the order in which the bioassays are performed for maximal efficiency of programs involving bioassay-guided fractionation. In addition, possible explanations for the conflicts in the literature over the estrogenicity of Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassia R Overk
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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21
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Ethnobotany and phytochemistry of plants dominant in salt marshes of the Lower Saxonian Wadden Sea, southern North Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03043865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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van Breemen RB, Fong HH, Farnsworth NR. Ensuring the safety of botanical dietary supplements. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87:509S-13S. [PMID: 18258648 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/87.2.509s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Botanical dietary supplements with a history of safe human use may not require the same level of toxicity testing as synthetic pharmaceutical drugs. Most of the documented examples of acute toxicity caused by botanical dietary supplements have been caused by the substitution of toxic plants for the desired species, probably through misidentification or production errors, or by contamination with pharmaceutical agents, either as a result of poor manufacturing practices or adulteration. Although more difficult to document, chronic toxicities attributed to botanical dietary supplements may be caused by contamination by heavy metals, pesticides, or microbes or by inherent properties of constituents of the botanicals themselves. Like drug-drug interactions, botanical-drug interactions can also be a source of toxicity. Most of these toxicity problems may be prevented by implementing good agricultural practices and good manufacturing practices and applying existing toxicity testing similar to those used in drug development or new toxicity assays under development based on proteomics, genomics, or metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B van Breemen
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, L 60612, USA.
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Farnsworth NR, Krause EC, Bolton JL, Pauli GF, van Breemen RB, Graham JG. The University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research for Women's Health: from plant to clinical use. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87:504S-8S. [PMID: 18258647 PMCID: PMC3645894 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/87.2.504s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research began in 1999 with an emphasis on botanical dietary supplements for women's health. We have concentrated on plants that may improve women's health, especially to reduce hot flashes in menopausal women, alleviate the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, and reduce persistent urinary tract infections. The primary focus of this article is to describe the operation of our center, from acquiring and identifying botanicals to isolating and identifying active constituents, to elucidating their mechanisms of action, and to conducting phase I and phase II clinical studies. Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa; syn Cimicifuga racemosa) has been used as a model to illustrate the steps involved in taking this plant from the field to clinical trials. Bioassays are described that were necessary to elucidate the pertinent biological studies of plant extracts and their mechanisms of action. We conclude that this type of research can only be successful with the use of a multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman R Farnsworth
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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van Breemen RB, Fong HHS, Farnsworth NR. The role of quality assurance and standardization in the safety of botanical dietary supplements. Chem Res Toxicol 2007; 20:577-82. [PMID: 17362032 PMCID: PMC2570109 DOI: 10.1021/tx7000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard B van Breemen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
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He K, Pauli GF, Zheng B, Wang H, Bai N, Peng T, Roller M, Zheng Q. Cimicifuga species identification by high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array/mass spectrometric/evaporative light scattering detection for quality control of black cohosh products. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1112:241-54. [PMID: 16515793 PMCID: PMC1847404 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2005] [Revised: 12/21/2005] [Accepted: 01/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Black cohosh has become one of the most important herbal products in the US dietary supplements market. It is manufactured from roots and rhizomes of Cimicifuga racemosa (Ranunculaceae). Botanical identification of the raw starting material is a key step in the quality control of black cohosh preparations. The present report summarizes a fingerprinting approach based on high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array/mass spectrometric/evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-PDA/MS/ELSD) that has been developed and validated using a total of 10 Cimicifuga species. These include three North American species, Cimicifuga racemosa, Cimicifuga americana, Cimicifuga rubifolia, and seven Asian species, Cimicifuga acerina, Cimicifuga biternat, Cimicifuga dahurica, Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Cimicifuga japonica, Cimicifuga foetida, and Cimicifuga simplex. The chemotaxonomic distinctiveness of the HPLC fingerprints allows identification of all 10 Cimicifuga species. The triterpene glycoside cimigenol-3-O-arabinoside (3), cimifugin (12), and cimifugin-3-O-glucoside (18) were determined to be suitable species-specific markers for the distinction of C. racemosa from the other Cimicifuga species. In addition to identification, the fingerprint method provided insight into chemical interconversion processes occurring between the diverse triterpene glycosides contained in black cohosh. The reported method has proven its usefulness in the botanical standardization and quality control of black cohosh products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan He
- Department of Research & Development, Naturex/Pure World Botanicals, Inc., 375 Huyler Street, South Hackensack, New Jersey 07606, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, PCRPS and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy (MC781), College of Pharmacy, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Bolin Zheng
- Department of Research & Development, Naturex/Pure World Botanicals, Inc., 375 Huyler Street, South Hackensack, New Jersey 07606, USA
| | - Huikang Wang
- AndroScience Corporation, 11175 Flintkote Ave., Suite F, San Diego, CA 92121
| | - Naisheng Bai
- Department of Research & Development, Naturex/Pure World Botanicals, Inc., 375 Huyler Street, South Hackensack, New Jersey 07606, USA
| | - Tangsheng Peng
- Department of Research & Development, Naturex/Pure World Botanicals, Inc., 375 Huyler Street, South Hackensack, New Jersey 07606, USA
| | - Marc Roller
- Department of Research & Development, Naturex/Pure World Botanicals, Inc., 375 Huyler Street, South Hackensack, New Jersey 07606, USA
| | - Qunyi Zheng
- Department of Research & Development, Naturex/Pure World Botanicals, Inc., 375 Huyler Street, South Hackensack, New Jersey 07606, USA
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