1
|
Ou Z, Li X, Cui J, Zhu S, Feng K, Ma J, Wu K, Chen Y, Su Y, Tang S, Duan D, Ren Y, Zhang X, Liang J, Wang Z. Global, regional, and national burden of asbestosis from 1990 to 2019 and the implications for prevention and control. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166346. [PMID: 37591378 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asbestosis is a common pneumoconiosis caused by long-term asbestos exposure. Analysis of the burden of asbestosis would help in creating informed public health strategies. METHODS Data on asbestosis were analyzed using the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated to demonstrate temporal trends in the age-standardized rate (ASR) of asbestosis from 1990 to 2019. RESULTS Globally, 36,339 incident cases of asbestosis, led to 3572 deaths and 71,225 disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019. During 1990-2019, the overall ASRs of incidence and DALYs declined by an annual average of 0.29 % and 0.27 %, with the respective EAPCs being -0.29 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: -0.43, -0.14) and -0.27 (95%CI: -0.53, -0.01). The ASRs of mortality increased with EAPC of 0.65 (95%CI: 0.34, 0.96). Trends in incidence and prevalence rose in females, but declined in males. The asbestosis burden was heterogeneous across regions and countries. The heaviest burden of asbestosis was observed in the United States, India, and China. Trends in ASRs of asbestosis varied across countries/territories. Pronounced increasing trends in incidence and prevalence occurred in Georgia, Iran, and Croatia. CONCLUSIONS Decreasing incident trend of asbestosis was observed globally over the past three decades. However, the ongoing asbestosis burden highlighted that asbestosis remained a challenge to public health, and cost-effective measures were required to reduce the asbestosis burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zejin Ou
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Cui
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaofang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialao Ma
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangyong Wu
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwei Su
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danping Duan
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singh R, Cherrie JW, Rao B, Asolekar SR. Assessment of the future mesothelioma disease burden from past exposure to asbestos in ship recycling yards in India. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 225:113478. [PMID: 32050148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recycling of end-of-life vessels is a complex activity that generates an enormous amount of hazardous waste, including asbestos-containing materials (ACM). Efforts by the Government of India to comply with national and international regulations and improved standard operating procedures are expected to lower the exposure risk of the workforce to hazardous substances, including asbestos. The current workers are likely to face lesser risks than did those exposed in the past. The present study assesses the health risks from past exposure of asbestos for those workers engaged in handling and removing ACM in ship recycling yards before environmentally sound recycling of obsolete ships was introduced in the early 2000s. Estimates were made of the number of workers exposed, and the intensity of exposure and these data were used to estimate the likely number of mesothelioma deaths in the future. It was estimated that nearly 15% of the total workforce engaged in ship recycling will suffer from mesothelioma which translates to about 4,513 mesothelioma deaths among the total of 31,000 workers estimated to be ever employed in the yards from 1994 till 2002. Recommendations are made for a practical approach to the safe handling of ACMs in Indian ship recycling yards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Singh
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - John W Cherrie
- Heriot Watt University, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK; Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue North, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, UK.
| | - Bakul Rao
- Centre for Technology Alternatives for Rural Areas, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Shyam R Asolekar
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Background: Asbestos′s production, processing, and consumption is on very high scale in India and it is increasing, and so do the related diseases. Asbestosis is such a disease which causes progressive respiratory disability. Aim: To find out perceptions and thinking about this disease and its risk among the patients which will help in constructing an effective community-based prevention and rehabilitation program. Materials and Methods: It was a community-based, qualitative study using a semi-structured interview schedule with 17 asbestosis patients from Mumbai, disgnosed by specialist with pulmonary function test and X-rays as per International Labour Organisation′s recommandations. Results: The risk percived by the patients is very less and attitude toward the illness is bengine as there is no clear understanding about the causation. The prolong latent period appears to be the main cause. It suggests a need of very strong program for prevention of asbestosis with the incorporation of worker awareness and eduaction for safety. The socio-economical status and educational levels of the workers make this floating population more vulnarable for manipulation by the corporates. Conclusion: Apart from the radical step of ban on asbestos, there is a need of community-based sustainable, affordable, and accessible rehabilitation program with a component of palliative care which will consider the different needs of this marginalized group. The need for such a program is intense as the number of asbestisis patients will keep on increasing till 30 to 40 years of asbestos ban.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet V Jadhav
- Department of Public Health, Jamsetji Tata Centre for Disaster Management, School of Habitat, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | |
Collapse
|