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Shadloo A, Peyvandi K, Shojaeian A, Shariat S. Determination of the Second Critical Micelle Concentration of Aqueous Non-Ionic Surfactants: Measurement and Calculation of Various Physicochemical Properties above the First CMC Point. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Shadloo
- Faculty of Chemical, Gas and Petroleum Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan35196-45399, Iran
| | - Kiana Peyvandi
- Faculty of Chemical, Gas and Petroleum Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan35196-45399, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shojaeian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan65169, Iran
| | - Sheida Shariat
- Department of Pharmacy, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan36711, Iran
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2
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Shadloo A, Peyvandi K, Shojaeian A, Shariat S. Thermodynamic modeling of density, viscosity and critical micelle concentration of aqueous Tween and Span solutions via Cubic plus association equation of state. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Moran NE, Thomas-Ahner JM, Wan L, Zuniga KE, Erdman JW, Clinton SK. Tomatoes, Lycopene, and Prostate Cancer: What Have We Learned from Experimental Models? J Nutr 2022; 152:1381-1403. [PMID: 35278075 PMCID: PMC9178968 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidemiology suggests a protective effect of tomatoes or tomato phytochemicals, such as lycopene, on prostate cancer risk. However, human epidemiology alone cannot reveal causal relations. Laboratory animal models of prostate cancer provide opportunities to investigate hypotheses regarding dietary components in precisely controlled, experimental systems, contributing to our understanding of diet and cancer risk relations. We review the published studies evaluating the impact of tomatoes and/or lycopene in preclinical models of prostate carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis. The feeding of tomatoes or tomato components demonstrates anti-prostate cancer activity in both transplantable xenograft models of tumorigenesis and models of chemically- and genetically-driven carcinogenesis. Feeding pure lycopene shows anticancer activity in most studies, although outcomes vary by model system, suggesting that the impact of pure lycopene can depend on dose, duration, and specific carcinogenic processes represented in different models. Nonetheless, studies with the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model of carcinogenesis typically demonstrate similar bioactivity to that of tomato feeding. In general, interventions that commence earlier in carcinogenesis and are sustained tend to be more efficacious. Accumulated data suggest that lycopene is one, but perhaps not the only, anticancer bioactive compound in tomatoes. Although it is clear that tomatoes and lycopene have anti-prostate cancer activity in rodent models, major knowledge gaps remain in understanding dose-response relations and molecular mechanisms of action. Published and future findings from rodent studies can provide guidance for translational scientists to design and execute informative human clinical trials of prostate cancer prevention or in support of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E Moran
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer M Thomas-Ahner
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lei Wan
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Interdisciplinary Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Krystle E Zuniga
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.,Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - John W Erdman
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Steven K Clinton
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Hayes M, Mohamedshah Z, Chadwick-Corbin S, Hoskin R, Iorizzo M, Lila MA, Neilson AP, Ferruzzi MG. Bioaccessibility and intestinal cell uptake of carotenoids and chlorophylls differ in powdered spinach by the ingredient form as measured using in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and anaerobic fecal fermentation models. Food Funct 2022; 13:3825-3839. [PMID: 35319058 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00051b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Insights into food matrix factors impacting bioavailability of bioactive carotenoids and chlorophylls from fruits and vegetable ingredients are essential to understanding their ability to promote health. The stability and bioaccessibility of carotenoids and chlorophylls were assessed from dehydrated, spray-dried, freeze-dried and fresh spinach ingredient forms using in vitro models simulating upper gastrointestinal (GI) digestion and lower GI anaerobic fecal fermentation. Intestinal transport of bioaccessible bioactives from both upper and lower GI compartments was assessed using the Caco-2 human intestinal cell model. Differences in carotenoid and chlorophyll contents were observed between ingredient forms and these influenced bioaccessibility. Lower carotenoid and chlorophyll contents in spray dried spinach resulted in the lowest total bioaccessible content among all spinach treatments (5.8 ± 0.2 μmoles per g DW carotenoid and chlorophyll). The total bioaccessible content was statistically similar between freeze-dried (12.5 ± 0.6 μmoles per g DW), dehydrated (12.5 ± 3.2 μmoles per g DW), and fresh spinach (14.2 ± 1.2 μmoles per g DW). Post anaerobic fermentation, cellular accumulation of carotenoids was higher (17.57-19.52 vs. 5.11-8.56%), while that of chlorophylls was lower (3.05-5.27 vs. 5.25-6.44%), compared to those observed following upper GI digestion. Collectively, these data suggest that spinach forms created by various drying technologies deliver similar levels of bioaccessible spinach bioactives and that the lower GI tract may serve as a site for significant absorption fostered by interactions with gut microbial communities that liberate additional bioactives from the spinach matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Hayes
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Zulfiqar Mohamedshah
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Sydney Chadwick-Corbin
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Roberta Hoskin
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Massimo Iorizzo
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Andrew P Neilson
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
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Scarpitti BT, Chitchumroonchokchai C, Clinton SK, Schultz ZD. In Vitro Imaging of Lycopene Delivery to Prostate Cancer Cells. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5106-5112. [PMID: 35289593 PMCID: PMC8969194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability to monitor the uptake and distribution of food nutrients in in vitro cell culture models is key to understanding the efficacy of these nutraceuticals to treat and prevent disease. Lycopene is a carotenoid found in chloroplasts and chromoplasts of tomatoes, providing the familiar red color, and a bioactive that inhibits prostate carcinogenesis. We employed live-cell Raman microscopy to visualize lycopene delivery from tween 80 micelles into PC-3 prostate cancer cells. The tween 80 micelle provides a mimic of natural lipoprotein complexes that deliver lycopene in vivo, overcomes the low aqueous solubility of lycopene and challenges replicating physiological uptake to cells, and provides a stable signal to assess cellular uptake of the nutraceutical formulation. The Raman images indicate subcellular localization of the lycopene within the cells. The lycopene Raman signal is resonantly enhanced at an excitation wavelength of 532 nm, providing a convenient, sensitive, and label-free technique to detect and quantify lycopene uptake in living cells. Analysis of the acquired Raman spectra in the maps determines the concentration of lycopene at each point in the cell. In addition to the expected lycopene Raman signal, Raman scattering from the tween 80 vehicle is also mapped in the cells. The Raman data correlates with scattering features observed in darkfield microscopy images of the cells, which display the cell membrane and other features for reference. Overall, the Raman maps indicate lycopene likely accumulates in lipid membranes of cytoplasmic organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Scarpitti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Chureeporn Chitchumroonchokchai
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Steven K Clinton
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Shadloo A, Peyvandi K, Shojaeian A. How the CMC adjust the liquid mixture density and viscosity of non-ionic surfactants at various temperatures? J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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7
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Moschetti A, Fox CA, McGowen S, Ryan RO. Lutein nanodisks protect human retinal pigment epithelial cells from UV light-induced damage. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:955022. [PMID: 36686279 PMCID: PMC9851610 DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.955022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrophobic carotenoid, lutein, was conferred with aqueous solubility upon formulation into reconstituted discoidal high density lipoprotein particles, termed lutein nanodisks (ND). When formulated with phosphatidylcholine (PC), apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and lutein (formulation ratio = 5 mg PC/2 mg apoA-I/1 mg lutein), lutein solubilization efficiency in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was ~90%. The UV/Vis absorbance maxima for lutein ND in PBS were red shifted by 6-13 nm versus the corresponding lutein absorbance maxima in ethanol. FPLC gel filtration chromatography gave rise to a single major absorbance peak in the size range of ND. Incubation of cultured ARPE-19 cells with lutein ND resulted in lutein uptake, as determined by HPLC analysis of cell extracts. Compared to control incubations, ARPE-19 cells incubated with lutein ND were protected from UV light-induced loss of cell viability. Consistent with this, reactive oxygen species generation, induced by exposure to UV irradiation, was lower in lutein-enriched cells than in control cells. Thus, uptake of ND-associated lutein protects ARPE-19 cells from UV light-induced damage. Taken together, the data indicate ND provide an aqueous lutein delivery vehicle for biotechnological or therapeutic applications.
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Preparation, Characterization, and Anti-Cancer Activity of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Containing Imatinib. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071086. [PMID: 34371776 PMCID: PMC8309103 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most widespread malignancy in women worldwide. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have proven effective in the treatment of cancer. NLCs loaded with imatinib (IMA) (NANIMA) were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro efficacy in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The hot homogenization method was used for the preparation of NANIMAs. An aqueous solution of surfactants (hot) was mixed with a molten mixture of stearic acid and sesame oil (hot) under homogenization. The prepared NANIMAs were characterized and evaluated for size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, release studies, stability studies, and MTT assay (cytotoxicity studies). The optimized NANIMAs revealed a particle size of 104.63 ± 9.55 d.nm, PdI of 0.227 ± 0.06, and EE of 99.79 ± 0.03. All of the NANIMAs revealed slow and sustained release behavior. The surfactants used in the preparation of the NANIMAs exhibited their effects on particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, stability studies, and release studies. The cytotoxicity studies unveiled an 8.75 times increase in cytotoxicity for the optimized NANIMAs (IC50 = 6 µM) when compared to IMA alone (IC50 = 52.5 µM) on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In the future, NLCs containing IMA will possibly be employed to cure breast cancer. A small amount of IMA loaded into the NLCs will be better than IMA alone for the treatment of breast cancer. Moreover, patients will likely exhibit less adverse effects than in the case of IMA alone. Consequently, NANIMAs could prove to be useful for effective breast cancer treatment.
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Mitsou E, Pletsa V, Sotiroudis GT, Panine P, Zoumpanioti M, Xenakis A. Development of a microemulsion for encapsulation and delivery of gallic acid. The role of chitosan. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 190:110974. [PMID: 32208193 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion based on natural oils, namely extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and sunflower oil (SO), in the presence of non-ionic surfactants was successfully formulated. The novel microemulsion was used as a carrier for gallic acid (GA) to assure its protection and efficacy upon nasal administration. The work presents evidence that this microemulsion can be used as a nasal formulation for the delivery of polar antioxidants, especially, after incorporation of chitosan (CH) in its aqueous phase. The structure of the system was studied by Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy techniques. By the addition of CH, the diameter of the microemulsion remained unaltered at 47 nm whereas after the incorporation of GA, micelles with 51 nm diameter were detected. The dynamic properties of the surfactant monolayer were affected by both the incorporation of CH and GA. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the latter remained unaltered (99 %). RPMI 2650 cell line was used as the in vitro model for cell viability and for GA nasal epithelial transport studies after microemulsion administration. The results suggested that the nasal epithelial permeation of GA was enhanced, 3 h post administration, by the presence of 0.2 % v/v microemulsion in the culture medium. However, the concentration of the transported antioxidant in the presence of CH was higher indicating the polymer's effect on the transport of the GA. The study revealed that nasal administration of hydrophilic antioxidants could be used as an alternative route besides oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Mitsou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Pletsa
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - George T Sotiroudis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Pierre Panine
- Xenocs SA, 1-3 allée du Nanomètre, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Maria Zoumpanioti
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristotelis Xenakis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece.
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Chen CC, Nien CJ, Chen LG, Huang KY, Chang WJ, Huang HM. Effects of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on Skin Wound Healing: In Vivo and in Vitro Testing. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102579. [PMID: 31130677 PMCID: PMC6567820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sapindus mukorossi seed oil is commonly used as a source for biodiesel fuel. Its phytochemical composition is similar to the extracted oil from Sapindus trifoliatus seeds, which exhibit beneficial effects for skin wound healing. Since S. mukorossi seed shows no cyanogenic property, it could be a potential candidate for the treatment of skin wounds. Thus, we evaluated the effectiveness of S. mukorossi seed oil in the treatment of skin wounds. We characterized and quantified the fatty acids and unsaponifiable fractions (including β-sitosterol and δ-tocopherol) contained in S. mukorossi seed-extracted oil by GC-MS and HPLC, respectively. Cell proliferation and migratory ability were evaluated by cell viability and scratch experiments using CCD-966SK cells treated with S. mukorossi oil. The anti-inflammatory effects of the oil were evaluated by measuring the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Antimicrobial activity tests were performed with Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans using a modified Japanese Industrial Standard procedure. Uniform artificial wounds were created on the dorsum of rats. The wounds were treated with a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/hyaluronic acid (HA)/sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel for releasing the S. mukorossi seed oil. The wound sizes were measured photographically for 12 days and were compared to wounds covered with analogous membranes containing a saline solution. Our results showed that the S. mukorossi seed oil used in this study contains abundant monounsaturated fatty acids, β-sitosterol, and δ-tocopherol. In the in vitro tests, S. mukorossi seed oil prompted cell proliferation and migration capability. Additionally, the oil had significant anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities. In the in vivo animal experiments, S. mukorossi seed oil-treated wounds revealed acceleration of sequential skin wound healing events after two days of healing. The size of oil-treated wound decreased to half the size of the untreated control after eight days of healing. The results suggest that S. mukorossi seed oil could be a potential source for promoting skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chih Chen
- Emergency Department, Mackay Momorial Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Medical School, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jen Nien
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Lih-Geeng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan.
| | - Kuen-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Jen Chang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Coronel J, Pinos I, Amengual J. β-carotene in Obesity Research: Technical Considerations and Current Status of the Field. Nutrients 2019; 11:E842. [PMID: 31013923 PMCID: PMC6521044 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, obesity has become a rising health problem as the accessibility to high calorie, low nutritional value food has increased. Research shows that some bioactive components in fruits and vegetables, such as carotenoids, could contribute to the prevention and treatment of obesity. Some of these carotenoids are responsible for vitamin A production, a hormone-like vitamin with pleiotropic effects in mammals. Among these effects, vitamin A is a potent regulator of adipose tissue development, and is therefore important for obesity. This review focuses on the role of the provitamin A carotenoid β-carotene in human health, emphasizing the mechanisms by which this compound and its derivatives regulate adipocyte biology. It also discusses the physiological relevance of carotenoid accumulation, the implication of the carotenoid-cleaving enzymes, and the technical difficulties and considerations researchers must take when working with these bioactive molecules. Thanks to the broad spectrum of functions carotenoids have in modern nutrition and health, it is necessary to understand their benefits regarding to metabolic diseases such as obesity in order to evaluate their applicability to the medical and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johana Coronel
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Ivan Pinos
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Jaume Amengual
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Durojaye BO, Riedl KM, Curley RW, Harrison EH. Uptake and metabolism of β-apo-8'-carotenal, β-apo-10'-carotenal, and β-apo-13-carotenone in Caco-2 cells. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1121-1135. [PMID: 30846527 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m093161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Apocarotenoids are eccentric cleavage products of carotenoids formed by chemical and enzymatic oxidations. They occur in foods containing carotenoids and thus might be directly absorbed from the diet. However, there is limited information about their intestinal absorption. The present research examined the kinetics of uptake and metabolism of β-apocarotenoids. Caco-2 cells were grown on 6-well plastic plates until a differentiated cell monolayer was achieved. β-Apocarotenoids were prepared in Tween 40 micelles, delivered to differentiated cells in serum-free medium, and incubated at 37°C for up to 8 h. There was rapid uptake of β-apo-8'-carotenal into cells, and β-apo-8'-carotenal was largely converted to β-apo-8'-carotenoic acid and a minor metabolite that we identified as 5,6-epoxy-β-apo-8'-carotenol. There was also rapid uptake of β-apo-10'-carotenal into cells, and β-apo-10'-carotenal was converted into a major metabolite identified as 5,6-epoxy-β-apo-10'-carotenol and a minor metabolite that is likely a dihydro-β-apo-10'-carotenol. Finally, there was rapid cellular uptake of β-apo-13-carotenone, and this compound was extensively degraded. These results suggest that dietary β-apocarotenals are extensively metabolized in intestinal cells via pathways similar to the metabolism of retinal. Thus, they are likely not absorbed directly from the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth M Riedl
- Food Science and Technology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Robert W Curley
- College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Earl H Harrison
- Departments of Human Sciences Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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Phan MAT, Bucknall MP, Arcot J. Interferences of anthocyanins with the uptake of lycopene in Caco-2 cells, and their interactive effects on anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation in vitro and ex vivo. Food Chem 2019; 276:402-409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Micellar Parameters of Aqueous Solutions of Tween 20 and 60 at Different Temperatures: Volumetric and Viscometric Study. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids2030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Density, viscosity and speed of sound of aqueous solutions of nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20) and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (Tween 60) at T = 293, 303 and 313 K are reported. From these measured values different parameters such as, for example, isentropic compressibility, molecular free length, acoustic impedance, primary hydration numbers and internal pressure have been calculated and employed to discuss molecular packing, structural alteration and molecular interactions. The variation in these parameters with temperature indicates that the mobility of surfactant molecules increases the disordered state of the liquid (surfactant + water) due to irregular packing of the molecules. Also, for Tween 20 solutions, more conversion to bulk water of the structured water molecules was observed, obtaining lower compressibilities and higher values of hydration numbers as well as internal pressure for a given T.
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Effect of Different Anthocyanidin Glucosides on Lutein Uptake by Caco-2 Cells, and Their Combined Activities on Anti-Oxidation and Anti-Inflammation In Vitro and Ex Vivo. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23082035. [PMID: 30110956 PMCID: PMC6222837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactive effects on anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation of lutein combined with each of the six common anthocyanidin glucosides were studied in both chemical and cellular systems. The combined phytochemicals showed an antagonism in the inhibition of lipid oxidation in a liposomal membrane, but showed an additive effect on cellular antioxidant activity in Caco-2 cells. Lutein was an active lipoxygenase inhibitor at 2–12 μM while anthocyanins were inactive. The concentration of lutein when it was used in combination with anthocyanins was 25–54% higher than when lutein was used alone (i.e., IC50 = 1.2 μM) to induce 50% of lipoxygenase inhibition. Only the combination of lutein with malvidin-3-glucoside showed anti-inflammatory synergy in the suppression of interleukin-8, and the synergy was seen at all three ratios tested. Some mixtures, however, showed anti-inflammatory antagonism. The presence of anthocyanins (5–7.5 μM) did not affect lutein uptake (2.5–5 μM) by Caco-2 cells.
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16
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Phan MAT, Bucknall M, Arcot J. Interactive effects of β-carotene and anthocyanins on cellular uptake, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and ex vivo. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Eren B, Tuncay Tanrıverdi S, Aydın Köse F, Özer Ö. Antioxidant properties evaluation of topical astaxanthin formulations as anti‐aging products. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018; 18:242-250. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Eren
- Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Ege University IzmirTurkey
| | | | - Fadime Aydın Köse
- Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Biochemistry Ege University Izmir Turkey
| | - Özgen Özer
- Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Ege University IzmirTurkey
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18
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Dong XL, Pan CX, Zhang MJ. A Novel Gene Bombyx mori Carotenoid Oxygenases and Retinal Isomerase (BmCORI) Related to β-Carotene Depletion. Biochem Genet 2018. [PMID: 29536214 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-018-9853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are the precursors of Vitamin A. They are cleaved by carotenoid oxygenase and then isomerized by retinoid isomerase. In this study, we identified a gene, Bombyx mori Carotenoid Oxygenases and Retinal Isomerase (BmCORI), which was the homolog of β-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase and the retinal pigment epithelium protein of 65 kD. Further analysis indicated that the expression of BmCORI in silkworms was significantly higher in females than in males. We also found that the β-carotene content in BmCORI-expressed human embryonic kidney 293 cells was significantly lower than in the controls, while the lutein content showed a slight difference. These results suggested that BmCORI is related to carotenoid depletion, especially β-carotene depletion. Our research provides new insight into the study of BmCORI function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cai-Xia Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Juan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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19
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Lee WD, Liang YJ, Chen BH. Effects of tanshinone nanoemulsion and extract on inhibition of lung cancer cells A549. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:495101. [PMID: 27834307 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/49/495101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), a Chinese medicinal herb, consists of several functional components including tanshinones responsible for prevention of several chronic diseases. This study intends to prepare tanshinone extract and nanoemulsion from danshen and determine their inhibition effect on lung cancer cells A549. A highly stable tanshinone nanoemulsion composed of Capryol 90, Tween 80, ethanol and deionized water with the mean particle size of 14.2 nm was successfully prepared. Tanshinone nanoemulsion was found to be more effective in inhibiting A549 proliferation than tanshinone extract. Both nanoemulsion and extract could penetrate into cytoplasm through endocytosis, with the former being more susceptible than the latter. A dose-dependent response in up-regulation of p-JNK, p53 and p21 and down-regulation of CDK2, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 expressions was observed with the cell cycle arrested at G0/G1 phase. The cellular microcompartment change of A549 was also investigated. The study demonstrated that tanshinone nanoemulsion may be used as a botanic drug for treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Lee
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
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20
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9-cis β-Carotene Increased Cholesterol Efflux to HDL in Macrophages. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070435. [PMID: 27447665 PMCID: PMC4963911 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol efflux from macrophages is a key process in reverse cholesterol transport and, therefore, might inhibit atherogenesis. 9-cis-β-carotene (9-cis-βc) is a precursor for 9-cis-retinoic-acid (9-cis-RA), which regulates macrophage cholesterol efflux. Our objective was to assess whether 9-cis-βc increases macrophage cholesterol efflux and induces the expression of cholesterol transporters. Enrichment of a mouse diet with βc from the alga Dunaliella led to βc accumulation in peritoneal macrophages. 9-cis-βc increased the mRNA levels of CYP26B1, an enzyme that regulates RA cellular levels, indicating the formation of RA from βc in RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, 9-cis-βc, as well as all-trans-βc, significantly increased cholesterol efflux to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 50% in RAW264.7 macrophages. Likewise, food fortification with 9-cis-βc augmented cholesterol efflux from macrophages ex vivo. 9-cis-βc increased both the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1 and apolipoprotein E (APOE) and the mRNA level of ABCG1. Our study shows, for the first time, that 9-cis-βc from the diet accumulates in peritoneal macrophages and increases cholesterol efflux to HDL. These effects might be ascribed to transcriptional induction of ABCA1, ABCG1, and APOE. These results highlight the beneficial effect of βc in inhibition of atherosclerosis by improving cholesterol efflux from macrophages.
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21
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Penfold J, Thomas RK, Li PX, Tucker I, Petkov J, Petkova RE. Nature of the Intermicellar Interactions in Ethoxylated Polysorbate Surfactants with High Degrees of Ethoxylation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:1319-1326. [PMID: 26785290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ethoxylated polysorbate Tween nonionic surfactants are extensively used as foam and emulsion stabilizers and in aqueous solution form globular micelles. The ethoxylated polysorbate surfactants with higher degrees of ethoxylation than the Tween surfactants exhibit some interesting self-assembly properties. Small-angle neutron scattering, SANS, measurements have revealed intermicellar interactions which are more pronounced than the hard-sphere excluded volume interactions normally associated with nonionic surfactant micelles. The interactions are interpreted as arising from the partial charge on the ether oxygen of the ethylene oxide groups. This gives rise to an effective net negative charge on the micelles, which has been determined from the SANS data and zeta potential measurements. For degrees of ethoxylation of ⩽20, the effect is relatively small. The interaction increases with increasing ethoxylation such that for a degree of ethoxylation of 50 the interaction is comparable to that of ionic surfactant micelles. Unlike the intermicellar interaction in ionic surfactant micellar solutions, which results from the charge on the micelle arising from the partial binding of counterions, the interaction between ethoxthylated polysorbate surfactant micelles is unaffected by the addition of electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Penfold
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
- ISIS, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - R K Thomas
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - P X Li
- ISIS, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - I Tucker
- Unilever Research and Development Laboratory, Port Sunlight, Quarry Road East, Bebington, Wirral CH63 2JW, U.K
| | - J Petkov
- Unilever Research and Development Laboratory, Port Sunlight, Quarry Road East, Bebington, Wirral CH63 2JW, U.K
| | - R E Petkova
- Unilever Research and Development Laboratory, Port Sunlight, Quarry Road East, Bebington, Wirral CH63 2JW, U.K
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22
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Gad SC, Spainhour CB, Shoemake C, Pallman DRS, Stricker-Krongrad A, Downing PA, Seals RE, Eagle LA, Polhamus K, Daly J. Tolerable Levels of Nonclinical Vehicles and Formulations Used in Studies by Multiple Routes in Multiple Species With Notes on Methods to Improve Utility. Int J Toxicol 2016; 35:95-178. [PMID: 26755718 DOI: 10.1177/1091581815622442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Formulation of nonclinical evaluations is a challenge, with the fundamental need to achieve multiples of the clinical exposure complicated by differences in species and routes of administration-specific tolerances, depending on concentrations, volumes, dosing regimen, duration of each administration, and study duration. Current practice to approach these differences is based on individual experience and scattered literature with no comprehensive data source (the most notable exception being our 2006 publication on this same subject). Lack of formulation tolerance data results in excessive animal use, unplanned delays in the evaluation and development of drugs, and vehicle-dependent results. A consulting firm, a chemical company, and 4 contract research organizations conducted a rigorous data mining operation of vehicle data from studies dating from 1991 to 2015, enhancing the data from this author's 2006 publication (3 of the six 2015 contributors were also 2006 contributors). Additional data were found in the published literature. The results identified 108 single-component vehicles (and 305 combination formulations) used in more than 1,040 studies across multiple species (dog, primate, rat, mouse, rabbit, guinea pig, minipig, pig, chick embryo, and cat) by multiple routes for a wide range of study durations. The tabulated data include maximum tolerated use levels by species, route, duration of study, dose-limiting toxicity where reported, review of the available literature on each vehicle, guidance on syringe selection, volume and pH limits by route with basic guidance on nonclinical formulation development, and guidance on factors to be considered in nonclinical route selection.
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23
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Cardiel JJ, Furusho H, Skoglund U, Shen AQ. Formation of crystal-like structures and branched networks from nonionic spherical micelles. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17941. [PMID: 26648269 PMCID: PMC4673692 DOI: 10.1038/srep17941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystal-like structures at nano and micron scales have promise for purification and confined reactions, and as starting points for fabricating highly ordered crystals for protein engineering and drug discovery applications. However, developing controlled crystallization techniques from batch processes remain challenging. We show that neutrally charged nanoscale spherical micelles from biocompatible nonionic surfactant solutions can evolve into nano- and micro-sized branched networks and crystal-like structures. This occurs under simple combinations of temperature and flow conditions. Our findings not only suggest new opportunities for developing controlled universal crystallization and encapsulation procedures that are sensitive to ionic environments and high temperatures, but also open up new pathways for accelerating drug discovery processes, which are of tremendous interest to pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J. Cardiel
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Furusho
- Structural Cellular Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ulf Skoglund
- Structural Cellular Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Amy Q. Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
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24
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The Effect of Lycopene Preexposure on UV-B-Irradiated Human Keratinocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:8214631. [PMID: 26664697 PMCID: PMC4664803 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8214631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lycopene has been reported as the antioxidant most quickly depleted in skin upon UV irradiation, and thus it might play a protective role. Our goal was to investigate the effects of preexposure to lycopene on UV-B-irradiated skin cells. Cells were exposed for 24 h to 10 M lycopene, and subsequently irradiated and left to recover for another 24 h period. Thereafter, several parameters were analyzed by FCM and RT-PCR genotoxicity/clastogenicity by assessing the cell cycle distribution; apoptosis by performing the Annexin-V assay and analyzing gene expression of apoptosis biomarkers; and oxidative stress by ROS quantification. Lycopene did not significantly affect the profile of apoptotic, necrotic and viable cells in nonirradiated cells neither showed cytostatic effects. However, irradiated cells previously treated with lycopene showed an increase in both dead and viable subpopulations compared to nonexposed irradiated cells. In irradiated cells, lycopene preexposure resulted in overexpression of BAX gene compared to nonexposed irradiated cells. This was accompanied by a cell cycle delay at S-phase transition and consequent decrease of cells in G0/G1 phase. Thus, lycopene seems to play a corrective role in irradiated cells depending on the level of photodamage. Thus, our findings may have implications for the management of skin cancer.
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25
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Sowmya PRR, Arathi BP, Vijay K, Baskaran V, Lakshminarayana R. Role of different vehicles in carotenoids delivery and their influence on cell viability, cell cycle progression, and induction of apoptosis in HeLa cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 406:245-53. [PMID: 25998494 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the role of different vehicles in carotenoids delivery and their influence on cell viability, cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis in HeLa cells. Cells (5 × 10(3)) were treated with different concentrations (25-100 µM) of β-carotene (BC) or lutein (L) or astaxanthin (AST) dissolved in 0.5% of tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and fetal bovine serum (FBS), respectively. The effect of delivery vehicle on carotenoids uptake, cytotoxicity, oxidative status, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis was examined after 48 h of incubation. The results shown that, cell viability reduced significantly in a dose- and time-dependent manner irrespective of carotenoid delivered in vehicles. Cellular uptake of BC delivered in THF was higher by 49.1, 29.7% and L delivered through THF was higher by 41.7 and 37.5% than DMSO and FBS, respectively. While, AST delivered through DMSO was higher by 36.1 and 43.7% than the THF and FBS, respectively. In case of cells treated either with BC or L delivered through THF and AST in DMSO decreased the glutathione and increased the malondialdehyde levels. The net increase in the G 2/M phase percentage of cell cycle progression was observed in carotenoid-treated cells. The % induction of apoptosis by BC or L delivered with THF and AST in DMSO was higher than other treated groups. In conclusion, choice of suitable vehicle for specific carotenoids delivery is essential that in turn may influence on cell proliferation and cell-based assays.
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26
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Penfold J, Thomas RK, Li PX, Petkov JT, Tucker I, Webster JRP, Terry AE. Adsorption at air-water and oil-water interfaces and self-assembly in aqueous solution of ethoxylated polysorbate nonionic surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:3003-3011. [PMID: 25697294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Tween nonionic surfactants are ethoxylated sorbitan esters, which have 20 ethylene oxide groups attached to the sorbitan headgroup and a single alkyl chain, lauryl, palmityl, stearyl, or oleyl. They are an important class of surfactants that are extensively used in emulsion and foam stabilization and in applications associated with foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. A range of ethoxylated polysorbate surfactants, with differing degrees of ethoxylation from 3 to 50 ethylene oxide groups, have been synthesized and characterized by neutron reflection, small-angle neutron scattering, and surface tension. In conjunction with different alkyl chain groups, this provides the opportunity to modify their surface properties, their self-assembly in solution, and their interaction with macromolecules, such as proteins. Adsorption at the air-water and oil-water interfaces and solution self-assembly of the range of ethoxylated polysorbate surfactants synthesized are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Penfold
- †Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
- ‡Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Robert K Thomas
- †Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Peixun X Li
- †Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jordan T Petkov
- §Unilever Research and Development Laboratory, Quarry Road East, Port Sunlight, Wirral, Merseyside CH 62, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Tucker
- §Unilever Research and Development Laboratory, Quarry Road East, Port Sunlight, Wirral, Merseyside CH 62, United Kingdom
| | - John R P Webster
- ‡Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Ann E Terry
- ‡Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
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27
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Catalytic and fluorescence studies with copper nanoparticles synthesized in polysorbates of varying hydrophobicity. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Roohinejad S, Middendorf D, Burritt DJ, Bindrich U, Everett DW, Oey I. Capacity of natural β-carotene loaded microemulsion to protect Caco-2 cells from oxidative damage caused by exposure to H2O2. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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De S, Kundu R, Ghorai A, Mandal RP, Ghosh U. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles for staining human cervical cancer cells and DNA binding assay. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 140:130-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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30
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Yang R, Lao QC, Yu HP, Zhang Y, Liu HC, Luan L, Sun HM, Li CQ. Tween-80 and impurity induce anaphylactoid reaction in zebrafish. J Appl Toxicol 2014; 35:295-301. [PMID: 25345596 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A number of recent reports suspected that Tween-80 in injectable medicines, including traditional Chinese medicine injections could cause life-threatening anaphylactoid reaction, but no sound conclusion was drawn. A drug-induced anaphylactoid reaction is hard to be assayed in vitro and in conventional animal models. In this study, we developed a microplate-based quantitative in vivo zebrafish assay for assessing anaphylactoid reaction and live whole zebrafish mast cell tryptase activity was quantitatively measured at a wavelength of 405 nm using N-benzoyl-dl-arginine p-nitroanilide as a substrate. We assessed 10 batches of Tween-80 solutions from various national and international suppliers and three Tween-80 impurities (ethylene glycol, 2-chloroethanol and hydrogen peroxide) in this model and found that three batches of Tween-80 (nos 2, 20080709 and 20080616) and one Tween-80 impurity, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), induced anaphylactoid reactions in zebrafish. Furthermore, we found that H2 O2 residue and peroxide value were much higher in Tween-80 samples 2, 20080709 and 20080616. These findings suggest that H2 O2 residue in combination with oxidized fatty acid residues (measured as peroxide value) or more likely the oxidized fatty acid residues in Tween-80 samples, but not Tween-80 itself, may induce anaphylactoid reaction. High-throughput zebrafish tryptase assay developed in this report could be used for assessing safety of Tween-80-containing injectable medicines and potentially for screening novel mast cell-modulating drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA), No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
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31
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Penfold J, Thomas RK, Li P, Petkov JT, Tucker I, Cox AR, Hedges N, Webster JRP, Skoda MWA. Impact of the degree of ethoxylation of the ethoxylated polysorbate nonionic surfactant on the surface self-assembly of hydrophobin-ethoxylated polysorbate surfactant mixtures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:9741-9751. [PMID: 25046802 DOI: 10.1021/la5022627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Neutron reflectivity measurements have been used to study the surface adsorption of the polyethylene sorbitan monostearate surfactant, with degrees of ethoxylation varying from 3 to 20 ethylene oxide groups, with the globular protein hydrophobin. The surface interaction between the ethoxylated polysorbate nonionic surfactants and the hydrophobin results in self-assembly at the air-solution interface in the form of a well-defined layered surface structure. The surface interaction arises from a combination of the hydrophobic interaction between the surfactant alkyl chain and the hydrophobic patch on the surface of the hydrophobin, and the hydrophilic interaction between the ethoxylated sorbitan headgroup and the hydrophilic regions on the surface of the hydrophobin. The results presented show that varying the degree of ethoxylation of the polysorbate surfactant changes the interaction between the surfactant and the hydrophobin and the packing, and hence the evolution in the resulting surface structure. The optimal degree of ethoxylation for multilayer formation is over a broad range, from of order 6 to 17 ethylene oxide groups, and for degrees of ethoxylation of 3 and 20 only monolayer adsorption of either the surfactant or the hydrophobin is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Penfold
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom
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32
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In Vivoandin VitroStudies on the Absorption Characteristics of β-Cryptoxanthin in the Intestine. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 76:2124-8. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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33
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Chopra M, Kaur P, Bernela M, Thakur R. Surfactant assisted nisin loaded chitosan-carageenan nanocapsule synthesis for controlling food pathogens. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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34
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Combined effect of Cameo2 and CBP on the cellular uptake of lutein in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86594. [PMID: 24475153 PMCID: PMC3903547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of yellow-red color cocoons in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, occurs as the result of the selective delivery of carotenoids from the midgut to the silk gland via the hemolymph. This process of pigment transport is thought to be mediated by specific cellular carotenoids carrier proteins. Previous studies indicated that two proteins, Cameo2 and CBP, are associated with the selective transport of lutein from the midgut into the silk gland in Bombyx mori. However, the exact roles of Cameo2 and CBP during the uptake and transport of carotenoids are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the respective contributions of these two proteins to lutein and β-carotene transport in Bombyx mori as well as commercial cell-line. We found that tissues, expressed both Cameo2 and CBP, accumulate lutein. Cells, co-expressed Cameo2 and CBP, absorb 2 fold more lutein (P<0.01) than any other transfected cells, and the rate of cellular uptake of lutein was concentration-dependent and reached saturation. From immunofluorescence staining, confocal microscopy observation and western blot analysis, Cameo2 was localized at the membrane and CBP was expressed in the cytosol. What’s more, bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis showed that these two proteins directly interacted at cellular level. Therefore, Cameo2 and CBP are necessarily expressed in midguts and silk glands for lutein uptake in Bombyx mori. Cameo2 and CBP, as the membrane protein and the cytosol protein, respectively, have the combined effect to facilitate the cellular uptake of lutein.
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35
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Benzaria A, Gràcia-Julià A, Picart-Palmade L, Hue P, Chevalier-Lucia D, Marti-Mestres G, Hodor N, Dumay E. UHPH-processed O/W submicron emulsions stabilised with a lipid-based surfactant: physicochemical characteristics and behaviour on in vitro TC7-cell monolayers and ex vivo pig's ear skin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 116:237-46. [PMID: 24480065 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Submicron O/W emulsions formulated with sesame oil plus a lipid-base surfactant, and with or without retinyl acetate (RAC) as a model hydrophobic biomolecule, were prepared by single-pass homogenisation at ≥ 200 MPa (UHPH) and an initial fluid temperature (Tin) of 24°C. These emulsions were characterised by a monomodal distribution (peak maximum at 260 nm) and a 2-year potential physical stability at ambient temperature. Submicron droplets were investigated in term of (i) physicochemical characteristics (size distribution curves; ζ-potential value), and (ii) impact on TC7-cell monolayers (MTT-assay and cell LDH-leakage). Submicron droplets ± RAC did not affect or increased significantly (p=0.05) TC7-cell metabolic activity after 4-24h of exposure indicating absence of cellular impairment, except when high amounts of droplets were deposed on TC7-cells. Indeed, the lipid-based surfactant deposed alone on TC7-cells at high concentration, induced some significant (p=0.05) cell LDH-leakage, and therefore cell-membrane damage. Cellular uptake experiments revealed a significant (p=0.05) time-dependent internalisation of RAC from submicron droplets, and cellular transformation of RAC into retinol. The turnover of RAC into retinol and therefore RAC bioaccessibility appeared faster for RAC-micelles of similar size-range and prepared at atmospheric pressure with polysorbate 80, than for submicron O/W emulsions. Permeation experiments using pig's ear skin mounted on Franz-type diffusion cells, revealed RAC in dermis-epidermis, in significantly (p=0.05) higher amounts for submicron than coarse pre-emulsions. However, RAC amounts remained low for both emulsion-types and RAC was not detected in the receptor medium of Franz-type diffusion cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Benzaria
- Université Montpellier 2, UMR 1208, Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, Équipe de Biochimie et Technologie Alimentaires, CC023, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Alvar Gràcia-Julià
- Université Montpellier 2, UMR 1208, Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, Équipe de Biochimie et Technologie Alimentaires, CC023, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Laëtitia Picart-Palmade
- Université Montpellier 2, UMR 1208, Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, Équipe de Biochimie et Technologie Alimentaires, CC023, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Pauline Hue
- Université Montpellier 2, UMR 1208, Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, Équipe de Biochimie et Technologie Alimentaires, CC023, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Dominique Chevalier-Lucia
- Université Montpellier 2, UMR 1208, Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, Équipe de Biochimie et Technologie Alimentaires, CC023, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Gilberte Marti-Mestres
- Université Montpellier 1, IBMM-UMR 5247 UM1-UM2-CNRS, Avenue Charles Flahault-BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Nadège Hodor
- NAHO COSMETICS, 270 rue Thomas Edison, 34400 Lunel, France
| | - Eliane Dumay
- Université Montpellier 2, UMR 1208, Ingénierie des Agropolymères et Technologies Emergentes, Équipe de Biochimie et Technologie Alimentaires, CC023, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
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Cardiel JJ, Tonggu L, de la Iglesia P, Zhao Y, Pozzo DC, Wang L, Shen AQ. Flow-induced structured phase in nonionic micellar solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:15485-15495. [PMID: 24274648 DOI: 10.1021/la402364p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we consider the flow of a nonionic micellar solution (precursor) through an array of microposts, with focus on its microstructural and rheological evolution. The precursor contains polyoxyethylene(20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween-80) and cosurfactant monolaurin (ML). An irreversible flow-induced structured phase (NI-FISP) emerges after the nonionic precursor flows through the hexagonal micropost arrays, when subjected to strain rates ~10(4) s(-1) and strain ~10(3). NI-FISP consists of close-looped micellar bundles and multiconnected micellar networks as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). We also conduct small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements in both precursor and NI-FISP to illustrate the structural transition. We propose a potential mechanism for the NI-FISP formation that relies on the micropost arrays and the flow kinematics in the microdevice to induce entropic fluctuations in the micellar solution. Finally, we show that the rheological variation from a viscous precursor solution to a viscoelastic micellar structured phase is associated with the structural evolution from the precursor to NI-FISP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Cardiel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡Department of Biological Structure, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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Barron G, Valentine R, Moseley H, Brancaleon L, Hill C, Woods J. Porphyrin profile in four human cell lines after supplementation with 5-aminolaevulinic acid and its methyl ester. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:654-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Holzapfel NP, Holzapfel BM, Champ S, Feldthusen J, Clements J, Hutmacher DW. The potential role of lycopene for the prevention and therapy of prostate cancer: from molecular mechanisms to clinical evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:14620-46. [PMID: 23857058 PMCID: PMC3742263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140714620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is a phytochemical that belongs to a group of pigments known as carotenoids. It is red, lipophilic and naturally occurring in many fruits and vegetables, with tomatoes and tomato-based products containing the highest concentrations of bioavailable lycopene. Several epidemiological studies have linked increased lycopene consumption with decreased prostate cancer risk. These findings are supported by in vitro and in vivo experiments showing that lycopene not only enhances the antioxidant response of prostate cells, but that it is even able to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and decrease the metastatic capacity of prostate cancer cells. However, there is still no clearly proven clinical evidence supporting the use of lycopene in the prevention or treatment of prostate cancer, due to the only limited number of published randomized clinical trials and the varying quality of existing studies. The scope of this article is to discuss the potential impact of lycopene on prostate cancer by giving an overview about its molecular mechanisms and clinical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Pauline Holzapfel
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Brisbane, Australia; E-Mails: (N.P.H.); (B.M.H.)
| | - Boris Michael Holzapfel
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Brisbane, Australia; E-Mails: (N.P.H.); (B.M.H.)
| | - Simon Champ
- Human Nutrition, BASF SE, G-ENH/MB, 68623 Lampertheim, Germany; E-Mails: (S.C.); (J.F.)
| | - Jesper Feldthusen
- Human Nutrition, BASF SE, G-ENH/MB, 68623 Lampertheim, Germany; E-Mails: (S.C.); (J.F.)
| | - Judith Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolongabba, QLD 4102, Brisbane, Australia; E-Mail:
| | - Dietmar Werner Hutmacher
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Brisbane, Australia; E-Mails: (N.P.H.); (B.M.H.)
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive Northwest, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Institute of Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 2a, 85748 Garching, Munich, Germany
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +61-7-3138-6077; Fax: +61-7-3138-6030
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Cuahtecontzi-Delint R, Mendez-Rojas MA, Bandala ER, Quiroz MA, Recillas S, Sanchez-Salas JL. Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of CeO2 Nanoparticles by Surfactants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2013. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2012-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were tested to assess their toxicity on Escherichia coli strain in the presence of non-ionic surfactants. The NPs were dispersed in water by sonication at different pH values and times then mixed with three different surfactants (i.e., Triton X-100, Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) and Tween 80) with a concentration of 0.001% v/v. It was found that sonication favored dispersion of the material and produced particles having 100 nm sizes in average. The material show toxicity to E. coli at pH 7 when growth using only minimal M9 media; no toxic response was observed for bacteria growth in rich media. The toxic effect in minimal media was enhanced by adding any of the non-ionic surfactants to the media. The use of CeO2 plus surfactant decreased the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of E. coli. The highest effect was observed for addition of Tween 80, in this case MIC value was 0.150 mg mL–1 compared to 3 mg mL–1 of CeO2 alone (almost 20 times improvement). These findings suggest the importance of different substances that can interact with NPs, like surfactants, usually present in wastewater systems that may lead to undesirable unexpected toxic characteristics in materials usually considered as innocuous.
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Sharma SC, Warr GG. Phase behavior, self-assembly, and emulsification of Tween 80/water mixtures with limonene and perfluoromethyldecalin. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:11707-11713. [PMID: 22813083 DOI: 10.1021/la300942f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The phase behavior, microstructure, and emulsification of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80), water, and d-limonene (LM) or perfluoromethyldecalin (PFMD) has been studied by small-angle X-ray scattering and polarizing optical microscopy. In the Tween 80/water binary system, a micellar solution (L(1)), a hexagonal (H(1)) phase, and a water-swellable isotropic surfactant liquid (L(2)) phase are successively formed at 25 °C. LM can be solubilized into all of the phases formed by Tween 80/water mixtures, whereas no solubilization of PFMD occurs. The L(2) phase was found by small-angle neutron scattering to be bicontinuous with low interfacial curvature. Added water swells and amplifies the pre-existing amphiphilic structure. The stability of oil-in-H(1) complex emulsions is found to be sensitive to changes in structure that accompany solubilization.
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Hama S, Takahashi K, Inai Y, Shiota K, Sakamoto R, Yamada A, Tsuchiya H, Kanamura K, Yamashita E, Kogure K. Protective effects of topical application of a poorly soluble antioxidant astaxanthin liposomal formulation on ultraviolet-induced skin damage. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:2909-16. [PMID: 22628205 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Astaxanthin (Asx) would be expected to prevent ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin damage, as it is regarded as a potent antioxidative carotenoid in biological membranes. However, it is difficult to administer Asx topically to skin because of its poor water solubility. In this study, we attempted to solve this problem by preparing liposomes containing Asx (Asx-lipo), which were dispersible in the water phase, and therefore, suitable for topical application to the skin. Asx-lipo was shown to have potent scavenging ability against chemiluminescence-dependent singlet oxygen production in the water phase. When Asx-lipo was applied to skin before UV exposure, UV-induced skin thickening was prevented. Interestingly, collagen reduction induced by UV exposure was also prevented by preadministration of Asx-lipo. In addition, topical administration of Asx-lipo containing cationic lipid inhibited melanin production in skin exposed to UV. Consequently, we succeeded in preventing UV-induced skin damage using a topical application of a liposomal formulation containing Asx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Hama
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
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Banik N, Hussain A, Ramteke A, Sharma HK, Maji TK. Preparation and evaluation of the effect of particle size on the properties of chitosan-montmorillonite nanoparticles loaded with isoniazid. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20702h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Comparison of tetrahydrofuran, fetal calf serum, and Tween 40 for the delivery of astaxanthin and canthaxanthin to HepG2 cells. Cytotechnology 2010; 63:89-97. [PMID: 21153438 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-010-9324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation aimed to compare fetal calf serum (FCS) and Tween 40 with the commonly employed tetrahydrofuran (THF) with respect to cytotoxicity, stability of the solubilized carotenoids, and uptake and accumulation of the xanthophylls astaxanthin (AX) and canthaxanthin (CX) in cultured human liver cells (HepG2). Incubation of HepG2 cells for 24 h with THF (≥1.25%) or FCS (≥11.25%) with or without AX (≥25 μmol/L) or CX (≥25 μmol/L) did not affect cell viability. Tween 40 (0.25-1.25% in medium) reduced cell viability by 75-99%. The stabilities of AX and CX in cell-free RPMI 1640 medium for ≤24 h were higher when delivered with THF instead of FCS. The dose- and time-dependent accumulations of AX and CX (1-10 μmol/L) in HepG2 cells were higher when carotenoids were delivered with FCS compared to THF. In conclusion, FCS and THF, but not Tween 40, were suitable solvent systems for the delivery of AX and CX to HepG2 cells. In our experiments FCS was superior with regard to the uptake and accumulation of both carotenoids.
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Liu CH, Wu CT. Optimization of nanostructured lipid carriers for lutein delivery. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Astaxanthin is a natural carotenoid pigment with powerful antioxidant capacity which has been reported for beneficial effects on human health to prevent cancers and anti-degenerative diseases. Bioavailability of astaxanthin is however limited due to insoluble and instable properties of its lipophilic nature. This study describes the cytotoxicity and astaxanthin delivery using a surfactant (tween 80) and penetration enhancers (methyl -cyclodextrin and liposome) to enhance astaxanthin bioavailability in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Toxicity of tween 80 and methyl -cyclodextrin increased with concentration. Liposome did not alter cell viability relative to untreated controls, regardless of concentration tested. Cellular uptake among delivery vehicles was compared at 24 hours and was found to be higher than that of astaxanthin without a vehicle. The cellular uptake rate was highest when liposome was used as the delivery vehicle. This finding aids in the development of design criteria for vehicles for delivery of antioxidants to cells.
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LORENZ MARIO, STANGL VERENA, JACOB CHRISTINE, DAEMEN KERSTIN, BÖHM VOLKER, FRÖHLICH KATI, BAUMANN GERT, STANGL KARL, SIMONE ROSSELLA, PALOZZA PAOLA. DELIVERY OF LYCOPENE TO PHYSIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT VASCULAR CELLS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4522.2009.01145.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Dermiki M, Gordon MH, Jauregi P. Recovery of astaxanthin using colloidal gas aphrons (CGA): A mechanistic study. Sep Purif Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2007.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gouranton E, Yazidi CE, Cardinault N, Amiot MJ, Borel P, Landrier JF. Purified low-density lipoprotein and bovine serum albumin efficiency to internalise lycopene into adipocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:3832-6. [PMID: 18957315 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Revised: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested that lycopene has protective effects against various diseases including cardiovascular diseases. However, mechanistic studies to understand these effects are difficult due to the insolubility of lycopene in aqueous culture medium. The objective of the present study was to use LDL or BSA as physiological vehicles for lycopene and to compare them with various classical vehicles. Among tested vehicles, only LDL, BSA, THF/BHT, beadlets, and liposomes were able to solubilise lycopene. No cytotoxicity was observed with these vehicles. LDL and BSA allowed good stability of lycopene during incubation (52% and 43% for 2microM lycopene solutions), but remained less efficient than THF/BHT or beadlets (67% and 62%). Incubation of adipocytes (3T3-L1) with the different vehicles for 24 and 48h showed that beadlets best delivered lycopene to cells. Finally, whatever the vehicle used, intracellular localization of lycopene was the same: lipid droplets (32-51%), plasma membrane (32-37%) and nuclear membrane (19-29%). As a conclusion, LDL or BSA display comparable properties to THF/BHT or beadlets. It is the first time that lycopene carried by physiological vehicles is shown to reach different subcellular compartments supporting molecular effects in adipocyte, such as cell signaling or nuclear receptor interacting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Gouranton
- Nutriments Lipidiques et Prévention des Maladies Métaboliques, F-13385 Marseille, France
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49
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van Breemen RB, Pajkovic N. Multitargeted therapy of cancer by lycopene. Cancer Lett 2008; 269:339-51. [PMID: 18585855 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2008] [Revised: 02/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene (psi,psi-carotene) is the most abundant carotenoid in tomatoes and is the red pigment of not only tomatoes but also rosehips, watermelon, papaya, pink grapefruit, and guava. Unlike beta-carotene, lycopene lacks a beta-ionone ring and therefore has no pro-vitamin A activity. However, the 11 conjugated and two non-conjugated double bonds in lycopene make it highly reactive towards oxygen and free radicals, and this anti-oxidant activity probably contributes to its efficacy as a chemoprevention agent. The reactivity of lycopene also explains why it isomerizes rapidly in blood and tissues from the biosynthetic all-trans form to a mixture of cis-isomers. Prospective and retrospective epidemiological studies indicating an inverse relationship between lycopene intake and prostate cancer risk have been supported by in vitro and in vivo experiments showing that oral lycopene is bioavailable, accumulates in prostate tissue and is localized to the nucleus of prostate epithelial cells. In addition to antioxidant activity, in vitro experiments indicate other mechanisms of chemoprevention by lycopene including induction of apoptosis and antiproliferation in cancer cells, anti-metastatic activity, and the upregulation of the antioxidant response element leading to the synthesis of cytoprotective enzymes. Lycopene is a substrate for carotene-9',10'-monooxygenase (CMO2) and can be converted to apo-10'-carotenal. Although Phase I and II studies have been published that establish the safety of lycopene supplementation, carefully designed and adequately powered clinical studies of lycopene are still needed to confirm its efficacy as a chemoprevention agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B van Breemen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Kogan A, Kesselman E, Danino D, Aserin A, Garti N. Viability and permeability across Caco-2 cells of CBZ solubilized in fully dilutable microemulsions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 66:1-12. [PMID: 18599273 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2007] [Revised: 04/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the viability and permeability of carbamazepine (CBZ) solubilized in fully dilutable non-ionic microemulsions across Caco-2 cells used as a model for intestinal epithelium. Maximum solubilization capacity (SC) of CBZ was determined within water-in-oil (W/O), bicontinuous and oil-in-water (O/W) structures formed upon dilution. The effect of the nature of the oil phase, surfactant type, and the ratio between the oil phase and surfactant on the quantity of solubilized CBZ, droplets size, the viability of the cells and drug permeability was elucidated. We found that: (1) several fully dilutable microemulsions based on pharma-grade ingredients can be loaded with very significant amounts of CBZ, (2) W/O microemulsions (10wt% water) exhibit up to 3-fold higher solubilization capacity over the drug's solubility in oil (triacetin), (3) CBZ in the O/W microemulsions (80wt% water) exhibit up to 29-fold higher solubilization than in water, (4) the O/W droplets of the examined systems are 9-11nm in size, (5) the highest permeability was obtained in systems containing triacetin/alpha-tocopherol acetate/ethanol in 3/1/4wt% ratio as oil phase and Tween 60 as surfactant, (6) the replacement of alpha-tocopherol acetate by alpha-tocopherol inhibits CBZ release, (7) replacement of a saturated chain of Tween 60 by an unsaturated (Tween 80) or shorter chain (Tween 40) inhibited drug release, (8) the decrease in the oil phase to surfactant ratio leads to enhancement of drug release (dilution line 64>dilution line 73).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kogan
- Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, Givat Ram, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
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