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Delbaere SM, Bernaerts T, Vangrunderbeek M, Vancoillie F, Hendrickx ME, Grauwet T, Van Loey AM. The volatile profile of pasteurized leek (Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum) and Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) (products), as a witness to (bio)chemical reactivity, influenced by pretreatment and successive refrigerated storage. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112864. [PMID: 37254313 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Processing can affect (bio)chemical conversions in vegetables and can act on their volatile properties accordingly. In this study, the integrated effect of pretreatment and pasteurization on the volatile profile of leek and Brussels sprouts and the change of this profile upon refrigerated storage were investigated. Pretreatments were specifically selected to steer biochemical reactivities to different extents. Volatile profiles were analyzed by headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. For both vegetables, it was observed that different pretreatments prior to a pasteurization step led to diverse volatile profiles. The differences in volatile profiles observed in the different samples were presumably attributed to the different degrees of enzymatic conversions, further conversions of enzymatically formed products and thermally induced reactivities. Interestingly, the observed initial relative differences between volatile profiles of differently pretreated pasteurized samples were still observed after a refrigerated storage of 4 weeks at 4 °C. In conclusion, refrigerated storage only limitedly affected the resulting volatile profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie M Delbaere
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Tom Bernaerts
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mirte Vangrunderbeek
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Flore Vancoillie
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Marc E Hendrickx
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Tara Grauwet
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ann M Van Loey
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Comparing the effect of several pretreatment steps, selected to steer (bio)chemical reactions, on the volatile profile of leek (Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang L, Zhang C, Yin W, Wei W, Wang Y, Sa W, Liang J. Single-molecule real-time sequencing of the full-length transcriptome of purple garlic (Allium sativum L. cv. Leduzipi) and identification of serine O-acetyltransferase family proteins involved in cysteine biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2864-2873. [PMID: 34741310 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Garlic (Allium sativum L.), whose bioactive components are mainly organosulfur compounds (OSCs), is a herbaceous perennial widely consumed as a green vegetable and a condiment. Yet, the metabolic enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of OSCs are not identified in garlic. RESULTS Here, a full-length transcriptome of purple garlic was generated via PacBio and Illumina sequencing, to characterize the garlic transcriptome and identify key proteins mediating the biosynthesis of OSCs. Overall, 22.56 Gb of clean data were generated, resulting in 454 698 circular consensus sequence (CCS) reads, of which 83.4% (379 206) were identified as being full-length non-chimeric reads - their further transcript clustering facilitated identification of 36 571 high-quality consensus reads. Once corrected, their genome-wide mapping revealed that 6140 reads were novel isoforms of known genes, and 2186 reads were novel isoforms from novel genes. We detected 1677 alternative splicing events, finding 2902 genes possessing either two or more poly(A) sites. Given the importance of serine O-acetyltransferase (SERAT) in cysteine biosynthesis, we investigated the five SERAT homologs in garlic. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a three-tier classification of SERAT proteins, each featuring a serine acetyltransferase domain (N-terminal) and one or two hexapeptide transferase motifs. Template-based modeling showed that garlic SERATs shared a common homo-trimeric structure with homologs from bacteria and other plants. The residues responsible for substrate recognition and catalysis were highly conserved, implying a similar reaction mechanism. In profiling the five SERAT genes' transcript levels, their expression pattern varied significantly among different tissues. CONCLUSION This study's findings deepen our knowledge of SERAT proteins, and provide timely genetic resources that could advance future exploration into garlic's genetic improvement and breeding. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Qinghai Academy of Agricultural Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Qinghai Academy of Agricultural Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Qinghai Academy of Agricultural Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Qinghai Academy of Agricultural Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Wei Sa
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Qinghai Academy of Agricultural Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Misiorek M, Sekuła J, Ruman T. Mass Spectrometry Imaging of low Molecular Weight Compounds in Garlic (Allium sativum L.) with Gold Nanoparticle Enhanced Target. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2017; 28:479-486. [PMID: 28612465 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Garlic (Allium sativum) is the subject of many studies due to its numerous beneficial properties. Although compounds of garlic have been studied by various analytical methods, their tissue distributions are still unclear. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) appears to be a very powerful tool for the identification of the localisation of compounds within a garlic clove. OBJECTIVE Visualisation of the spatial distribution of garlic low-molecular weight compounds with nanoparticle-based MSI. METHODOLOGY Compounds occurring on the cross-section of sprouted garlic has been transferred to gold-nanoparticle enhanced target (AuNPET) by imprinting. The imprint was then subjected to MSI analysis. RESULTS The results suggest that low molecular weight compounds, such as amino acids, dipeptides, fatty acids, organosulphur and organoselenium compounds are distributed within the garlic clove in a characteristic manner. It can be connected with their biological functions and metabolic properties in the plant. CONCLUSION New methodology for the visualisation of low molecular weight compounds allowed a correlation to be made between their spatial distribution within a sprouted garlic clove and their biological function. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Misiorek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave., 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Justyna Sekuła
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave., 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Tomasz Ruman
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave., 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
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