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Ludowyke N, Phumiphanjarphak W, Apiwattanakul N, Manopwisedjaroen S, Pakakasama S, Sensorn I, Pasomsub E, Chantratita W, Hongeng S, Aiewsakun P, Thitithanyanont A. Target Enrichment Metagenomics Reveals Human Pegivirus-1 in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040796. [PMID: 35458526 PMCID: PMC9025367 DOI: 10.3390/v14040796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1) is a lymphotropic human virus, typically considered nonpathogenic, but its infection can sometimes cause persistent viremia both in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed individuals. In a viral discovery research program in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) pediatric patients, HPgV-1 was detected in 3 out of 14 patients (21.4%) using a target enrichment next-generation sequencing method, and the presence of the viruses was confirmed by agent-specific qRT-PCR assays. For the first time in this patient cohort, complete genomes of HPgV-1 were acquired and characterized. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that two patients had HPgV-1 genotype 2 and one had HPgV-1 genotype 3. Intra-host genomic variations were described and discussed. Our results highlight the necessity to screen HSCT patients and blood and stem cell donors to reduce the potential risk of HPgV-1 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Ludowyke
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.L.); (W.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Worakorn Phumiphanjarphak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.L.); (W.P.); (S.M.)
- Pornchai Matangkasombut Center for Microbial Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nopporn Apiwattanakul
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.A.); (S.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Suwimon Manopwisedjaroen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.L.); (W.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Samart Pakakasama
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.A.); (S.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Insee Sensorn
- Center for Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (I.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Ekawat Pasomsub
- Virology and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Wasun Chantratita
- Center for Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (I.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.A.); (S.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Pakorn Aiewsakun
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.L.); (W.P.); (S.M.)
- Pornchai Matangkasombut Center for Microbial Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (A.T.); Tel.: +66-22015676 (P.A.); +66-22015528 (A.T.)
| | - Arunee Thitithanyanont
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.L.); (W.P.); (S.M.)
- Pornchai Matangkasombut Center for Microbial Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (A.T.); Tel.: +66-22015676 (P.A.); +66-22015528 (A.T.)
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Yu Y, Wan Z, Wang JH, Yang X, Zhang C. Review of human pegivirus: Prevalence, transmission, pathogenesis, and clinical implication. Virulence 2022; 13:324-341. [PMID: 35132924 PMCID: PMC8837232 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2029328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pegivirus (HPgV-1), previously known as GB virus C (GBV-C) or hepatitis G virus (HGV), is a single-stranded positive RNA virus belonging to the genus Pegivirus of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted by percutaneous injuries (PIs), contaminated blood and/or blood products, sexual contact, and vertical mother-to-child transmission. It is widely prevalent in general population, especially in high-risk groups. HPgV-1 viremia is typically cleared within the first 1–2 years of infection in most healthy individuals, but may persist for longer periods of time in immunocompromised individuals and/or those co-infected by other viruses. A large body of evidences indicate that HPgV-1 persistent infection has a beneficial clinical effect on many infectious diseases, such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and hepatitis C. The beneficial effects seem to be related to a significant reduction of immune activation, and/or the inhabitation of co-infected viruses (e.g. HIV-1). HPgV-1 has a broad cellular tropism for lymphoid and myeloid cells, and preferentially replicates in bone marrow and spleen without cytopathic effect, implying a therapeutic potential. The paper aims to summarize the natural history, prevalence and distribution characteristics, and pathogenesis of HPgV-1, and discuss its association with other human viral diseases, and potential use in therapy as a biovaccine or viral vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenzhou Wan
- Medical Laboratory of Taizhou Fourth People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianguang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zimmerman J, Blackard JT. Human pegivirus type 1 infection in Asia-A review of the literature. Rev Med Virol 2021; 32:e2257. [PMID: 34038600 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The human pegivirus type 1 (HPgV-1)-as known as hepatitis G virus and GB virus C-is a common single-stranded RNA flavivirus. Because few studies have demonstrated an association between HPgV-1 infection and disease, screening for HPgV-1 is not performed routinely. Nonetheless, a beneficial impact of HPgV-1 infection on HIV disease progression has been reported in multiple studies. Given the burden of HIV in Asia and the complex interactions between viral co-infections and the host, we provide a comprehensive overview of the existing data from Asia on HPgV-1 infection, including the prevalence and circulating genotypes in all Asian countries with data reported. This review highlights the research conducted thus far and emphasizes the need for additional studies on HPgV-1 across the Asian continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Zimmerman
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jason T Blackard
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Dos Santos Bezerra R, Santos EV, Maraninchi Silveira R, Silva Pinto AC, Covas DT, Kashima S, Slavov SN. Molecular prevalence and genotypes of human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1) and SENV-like viruses among multiply transfused patients with beta-thalassemia. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 59:102697. [PMID: 31859221 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2019.102697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high number of transfusions which patients with hereditary hemoglobinopathies (thalassemia, sickle cell disease) receive, they represent high risk of acquiring parenterally transmitted infectious diseases. In this respect, non pathogenic human commensal viruses, which also demonstrate parenteral transmission routes might also be acquired. One of the most widely spread parenterally-transmitted human commensal viruses include the Human Pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1, GBV-C) and Torque teno viruses (TTV) including its SEN virus-like (SENV) forms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPgV-1 RNA and SENV-like viruses, among a group of patients with beta-thalassemia from a Blood Transfusion Center in the São Paulo State, Brazil. The prevalence of HPgV-1 RNA was 14.3 % (n = 6/42) and all of the positive samples were characterized as belonging to genotype 2 (83.3 % were referred to subgenotype 2A and 16.7 % to 2B). The prevalence of SENV-like viruses was 28.6 % (n = 12/42). SENV-like viruses of the genotypes SENV-H and SENV-A were classified during the performed phylogenetic analysis. Our study came as a continuation of a viral metagenomic survey among multiple transfused patients with beta-thalassemia. The obtained results shed a light on the prevalence and genotype distribution of commensal parenterally transmitted viruses like HPgV-1 and SENV in this specific population. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the clinical impact of these apparently non-pathogenic viruses in patients with thalassemia and their significance for the hemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Dos Santos Bezerra
- Master Degree Program in Clinical Oncology, Stem Cells and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Vieira Santos
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Maraninchi Silveira
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Silva Pinto
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dimas Tadeu Covas
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Kashima
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Svetoslav Nanev Slavov
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14051-140, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, CEP 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Bhanich Supapol W, Remis RS, Raboud J, Millson M, Tappero J, Kaul R, Kulkarni P, McConnell MS, Philip AM, McNicholl JM, Roongpisuthipong A, Chotpitayasunondh T, Shaffer N, Butera S. Prevalence and correlates of GB virus C infection in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected pregnant women in Bangkok, Thailand. J Med Virol 2010; 83:33-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Hekmat S, Mohraz M, Vahabpour R, Jam S, Bahramali G, Banifazl M, Aghakhani A, Eslamifar A, Mahboudi F, Edalat R, Ramezani A. Frequency and genotype of GB virus C among Iranian patients infected with HIV. J Med Virol 2008; 80:1941-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Hepatitis-G virus infection in multi-transfused patients and intravenous drug abusers: New Delhi experience. Dig Dis Sci 2008; 53:1383-9. [PMID: 17934857 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-007-0004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2007] [Accepted: 08/21/2007] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis G virus (HGV) is a newly described virus that has been implicated in transfusion-associated hepatitis. HGV-RNA indicating current infection has frequently been isolated from the sera of multi-transfused patients (MTPs) and that of intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs). There is insufficient data on its prevalence among these high-risk groups in India. Hence this study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of HGV infection in MTPs and IVDAs. A total of 90 (57 males and 33 females) MTPs and 65 (44 males and 21 females) IVDAs were recruited in the study. Patients' sera were tested for liver function profile, HGV-RNA, anti-HCV, HCV-RNA, HBsAg, and HBV-DNA. HGV-RNA was detected in 17.7% (16/90) MTPs and 23% (15/65) IVDAs, and 93.5% of our HGV-positive patients were found to be co-infected with either HBV (38.7%) or HCV (74.1%). The sero-prevalence of HBV was found out to be 40% and 21.5%, respectively, in the two groups, that of HCV was 32.2% and 32.3%, respectively, and dual infection was observed in 15.5% and 10.7% of the subjects, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the clinical, biochemical, and serological profiles of HGV-positive and negative patients. The prevalence of HGV infection in these high-risk groups is significantly higher than in controls. HGV is found to be co-infected more frequently with HCV than with HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Suankratay
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Kar P, Bedi P, Berry N, Chakravorty A, Gupta RK, Saha R, Das BC. Hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection in voluntary and commercial blood donors in India. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2000; 38:7-10. [PMID: 11025177 DOI: 10.1016/s0732-8893(00)00168-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) has been determined in commercial as well as voluntary blood donors from India by detecting viral RNA genome using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. 45 professional blood donors from private blood banks and 50 healthy controls who opted for voluntary blood donation were recruited for the study. Both the groups were also screened serologically for HBV and HCV infection. The prevalence of HGV in the general population in India was found to be 4% but significantly a higher frequency (46.6%; p<0.001) of HGV was observed in commercial blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kar
- Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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Poovorawan Y, Theamboonlers A, Jantaradsamee P, Kaew-in N, Hirsch P, Tangkitvanich P. Hepatitis TT virus infection in high-risk groups. Infection 1998; 26:355-8. [PMID: 9861559 DOI: 10.1007/bf02770835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The novel hepatitis TT virus first described by a Japanese group has been reported to be parenterally transmitted and furthermore, to have been detected in patients with hepatitis of unknown etiology. Hence, in the present study its prevalence was investigated within groups at high risk for contracting blood-borne viruses, such as individuals with chronic liver disease, intravenous drug users and recipients of blood and blood products, as compared to voluntary blood donors and pregnant women. To that end, DNA was extracted from sera obtained from the respective patients and subjected to PCR using semi-nested primers. The frequency of TTV DNA detected within high risk groups, such as nine out of 50 patients with chronic non-A-to-G liver disease (18%), nine out of 98 hepatocellular carcinoma cases (9.2%), 17 out of 52 intravenous drug users (32.7%), 15 out of 80 thalassemia patients with multiple blood transfusions (18.8%) and three out of 31 prostitutes (9.7%) exceeded that among voluntary blood donors and pregnant women, which amounted to 14 out of 200 (7%) and seven out of 103 (6.8%), respectively. Additional molecular research should be performed in order to determine its short-, as well as long-term clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Poovorawan
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Poovorawan Y, Theamboonlers A, Surastian A, Seksarn P. Clearance of hepatitis G virus infection in thalassaemic children. Infection 1998; 26:408. [PMID: 9861571 DOI: 10.1007/bf02770848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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