1
|
Bagesteiro LB, Balthazar RB, Hughes CML. Movement Kinematics and Interjoint Coordination Are Influenced by Target Location and Arm in 6-Year-Old Children. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:554378. [PMID: 33192390 PMCID: PMC7533587 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.554378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid aiming movements are typically used to study upper limb motor control and development. Despite the large corpus of work in this area, few studies have examined kinematic manual asymmetries in children who have just started formal schooling and until now, none have characterized how children coordinate their joints to complete these movements (i.e., interjoint coordination). In the present study, manual asymmetries in kinematics and interjoint coordination in strongly right-handed 6-year-old children were investigated when reaching for ipsilateral and contralateral targets with their dominant right arm and the non-dominant left arm. Overall, manual asymmetries in interjoint coordination are apparent for both 6-year-old children and young adults, although young children completed the task by adopting a different strategy than adults. Also, control strategies employed by 6-year-old children were influenced by both the location of the target as well as the arm used to perform the task. Specifically, compared to all other conditions, children’s trajectories were more curved when performing contralateral movements with the non-dominant left arm, which were driven by smaller shoulder excursions combined with larger elbow excursions for this condition. Based on these results, we argue that the differences in interjoint coordination reflect the stage of development of 6-year-old children, the origin of which derives from maturational (e.g., hand dominance) and environmental factors (e.g., school-based experience).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leia B Bagesteiro
- Department of Kinesiology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Rogerio B Balthazar
- Pós-Graduação em Neurociência e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
| | - Charmayne M L Hughes
- Department of Kinesiology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Health Equity Institute NeuroTech Lab, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
In our Outpatient Department, we studied 56 subjects (41 males, 15 females; aged 5–16 yr.) with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with respect to hand use in functional tasks via parental report. Left-hand use was markedly preferred, compared to that of a control group, more for complex than simple and for external (touching food and objects) than internal (scratching, rubbing eyes) tasks, suggesting a deficit in cerebral control of right-hand use. More patients were reported to have a left-hand preference than in the non-ADHD population. Furthermore, extent of laterality was greater for complex than simple external tasks and for external than for internal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Niederhofer
- General Hospital of Bolzano, Department of Pediatrics, Via L.-Boehler 5, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Laterality assessments for 1,966 unselected psychology undergraduates are compared on three questionnaires of tested reliability. Performances of the right and left hands of 167 university students are also reported for eight motor tasks of known reliability. Questionnaire results show good agreement among the three different methods of assessment for right-handedness but not for left-handedness. Preferences on activities such as handwriting and throwing suggest these are well-lateralized skills but that tasks mostly requiring strength are not; these findings are supported by data from the study of manual performance. The validity of handedness measures is discussed, and it is suggested that a longer and more wide-ranging questionnaire with self-weighting of items may provide a more appropriate alternative to the 10- or 12-item inventory usually employed for purposes of research or clinical practice.
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Using a system in which S controlled a cursor on an oscilloscope screen by moving a lever, the S-R relationship on either hand could be reversed. This system was used in two experiments designed to investigate the effect on unimanual movement time of varying S-R compatibility, and task difficulty as defined by Fitts (1954). The results indicated the necessity of specifying task difficulty in an investigation of S-R compatibility. Further, it was found that as task difficulty increased the difference in performance between the right and left hands became more marked.
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
Bryden PJ, Roy EA. Preferential reaching across regions of hemispace in adults and children. Dev Psychobiol 2006; 48:121-32. [PMID: 16489592 DOI: 10.1002/dev.20120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to examine hand selection during reaching in children utilizing a developmental version of the preferential reaching paradigm (Bryden, Pryde, & Roy, 2000). A cross-sectional sample of eighty right-handed participants (ranging in age from 3 to 20 years) were asked to reach to objects located in different regions of hemispace. Each participant was asked to carry out two different actions, varying in degree of complexity, on the objects while the experimenter observed, which hand was used to perform each of the tasks. A repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that reaching towards the midline and ipsilateral positions in hemispace resulted in significantly more preferred hand reaches than reaching towards contralateral hemispace, regardless of age and task. With respect to age group effects, it was found that the 6 and 7 year olds and the 9 and 10 year olds relied heavily on their preferred hand to perform the task, indicating that hand selection in these children was driven primarily by motor dominance. In comparison, the youngest children and adults used their nonpreferred hand more frequently in contralateral space, indicating that object proximity cues or a hemispheric bias was driving hand selection. The implications of these findings for understanding hand preference and skill were discussed in terms of motor dominance versus spatial reasoning theory of hand selection in unimanual reaching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela J Bryden
- 75 University Avenue West Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo Ontario, Canada N2L 3C5 Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Umansky R, Watson JS, Colvin L, Fyfe S, Leonard S, de Klerk N, Leonard H. Hand preference, extent of laterality, and functional hand use in Rett syndrome. J Child Neurol 2003; 18:481-7. [PMID: 12940654 DOI: 10.1177/08830738030180070201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Residual hand use in functional tasks, extent of laterality, and right or left preference were studied in 145 2- to 24-year-old, postregression Australian subjects with Rett syndrome via parent questionnaire. Hand use was markedly restricted, more for complex than simple and for external (touching food and objects) than internal tasks (scratching, rubbing eyes), suggesting a deficit in cerebral control of external, goal-oriented hand use, which is perhaps genetically determined because there is significantly greater restriction of external tasks in subjects with demonstrated MECP2 mutations. Overall, 33.6% of patients were reported with a left-hand preference, 40.7% with a right-hand preference, and 25.7% with an equal hand preference. Extent of laterality was greater for external than internal and for complex than simple external tasks. Older subjects showed less functional hand use and possibly more overall laterality. However, their hand preference was similar to younger subjects. The anomalous pattern of hand preference in Rett syndrome may be linked to the primary apraxic deficit in this disorder rather than to late manifestation of laterality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Umansky
- Children's Hospital and Research Center at Oakland, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Provins KA. The Specificity of Motor Skill and Manual Asymmetry: A Review of the Evidence and Its Implications. J Mot Behav 1997; 29:183-92. [PMID: 12453794 DOI: 10.1080/00222899709600832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Results of investigations on gaining control of limb movements are reviewed, and their contribution to understanding the development of manual asymmetries is discussed in relation to the discrimination and programming of appropriate neuromuscular resources. An examination of the relevant evidence on number and types of manual asymmetries recorded provides strong grounds for concluding that where asymmetries occur, they simply represent a further example of the well-documented activity-specific nature of motor skills and of the extremely lengthy periods of learning or experience needed for their acquisition and perfection. This specificity of motor skill and manual asymmetry also readily accounts for most of the discrepancy usually reported between assessments of hand preference and performance differences between hands, because these alternative measures of handedness have rarely employed the same range or variety of tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Provins
- a University of Queensland Queensland , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Vasconcelos O. Asymmetries of manual motor response in relation to age, sex, handedness, and occupational activities. Percept Mot Skills 1993; 77:691-700. [PMID: 8247695 DOI: 10.2466/pms.1993.77.2.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Questions about left- and right-hand asymmetries require the analysis of preference and manual skill with respect to handedness. Hand preference and hand skill were examined in relation to sex, age, and occupational activities. 512 adults from manual, mixed, and intellectual activities and 253 children were tested for their manual preferences and performance. Analysis of variance followed by Scheffé post hoc tests, for right-handed adults, indicated significant effects for occupational activity and sex in dexterity and strength. Manual workers, under technological pressure, seemed more consistent in their manual preferences than their peers. For left-handed persons there were no significant effects. Dexterity and strength were also related to sex and age, suggesting different cultural opportunities for both sexes in relation to motor activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Vasconcelos
- Department of Biology of Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Reitoria da Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Provins KA. Early infant motor asymmetries and handedness: A critical evaluation of the evidence. Dev Neuropsychol 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/87565649209540531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
14
|
Cornwell KS, Harris LJ, Fitzgerald HE. Task effects in the development of hand preference in 9‐, 13‐, and 20‐month‐old infant girls. Dev Neuropsychol 1991. [DOI: 10.1080/87565649109540475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
15
|
Balfour CA, Clark CR, Geffen GM. Interhemispheric differences in the planning and execution of sequences of skilled finger movements. Neuropsychologia 1991; 29:889-905. [PMID: 1944884 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3932(91)90054-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An index-middle finger (double) tapping task was used to examine hemispheric differences in the planning and execution of skilled finger movements. In two experiments, subjects responded to a simple cue presented tachistoscopically in the left or right visual field, by performing a predetermined number of double taps, (between one and eight inclusive), with either the left or right hand. Reaction times (RT) increased linearly as a function of increasing number of taps, when response sequences were controlled by the left hemisphere. In contrast, an inverse quadratic trend was obtained with right hemisphere control. When both hemispheres were involved in the stimulus-response sequence, the latency function incorporated elements of both trends, suggesting interaction between the hemispheres. The RT trends reflect differences in motor planning between the hemispheres. The conditions engaging only the right or left hemispheres did not differ in motor execution, as measured by tapping duration, variability or errors. However, when both hemispheres were involved there was evidence of interaction, which was evident as interference when the right visual field or left hemisphere was cued but the motor response was under the control of the right hemisphere (left hand). Overall, the results indicate that hand differences in fine motor skill may be determined by hemispheric differences associated with motor preparation rather than response execution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Balfour
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratories, Julia Farr Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Provins KA. Handedness and Conformity in a Small Isolated Community. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 1990. [DOI: 10.1080/00207599008247868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
17
|
Bradshaw JL, Bradshaw JA, Nettleton NC. Abduction, adduction and hand differences in simple and serial movements. Neuropsychologia 1990; 28:917-31. [PMID: 2259424 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90108-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abductive or adductive movements were made either towards single targets left or right of "home", or sequentially from target to target with various levels of advance information. In the former situation the preferred hand completed responses (movement time, MT) faster than the non-preferred, while the non-preferred hand initiated them faster (reaction time, RT); these effects were in both cases stronger with harder (knob turn) than with easier (touch) responses. Abductive responses (MTs, not RTs) were faster than adductive, especially with the preferred right hand. However in the sequential task adductive responses were the faster, consistently so by MTs, while with respect to time spent motionless at each target (down time, DT) more so with the non-preferred hand, and under conditions of maximal advance information. Findings were discussed in the contexts of movement complexity, hemispatial representation, and how advance information may be utilized in the resolution of directional uncertainty. There may be an evolutionary advantage in making complex manipulative responses adductively, close to the body, while reaches are usually made abductively, to the periphery of circumcorporeal space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Bradshaw
- Department of Psychology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Thirty male subjects, 20 of whom were self-classified left-handers and 10 right-handers, were tested on a grip-strength task and a handwriting task with each hand, both under normal conditions and in a situation of induced experimental fatigue. On the basis of questionnaire scores, the left-handers were sub-divided into two groups comprising the 10 most left-handed and the 10 least left-handed subjects. The test of grip strength showed a small but significant deterioration in performance of both hands from fatigue. With the handwriting task, a similar significantly adverse effect of fatigue was recorded for all groups as well as a large significant difference in performance between the preferred and nonpreferred hands under normal conditions, which decreased under fatigue. An explanation of these differential effects is discussed in terms of the greater efficiency of the preferred hand in the highly developed skill of handwriting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Provins
- Psychology Department, The University of Adelaide, Box 498, G.P.O., Adelaide, South Australia 5001
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
In humans, the organization of movements performed by both upper limbs, relies significantly on a left hemisphere "praxis" system that also subsumes speech function. Right hand preference may also be an expression of this left hemisphere dependence, arising from the preferential connections of the right hand to the left hemisphere. Consequently, a manual task that maximizes the spatial complexity of a target (presumably engaging right hemisphere mechanisms), while concurrently minimizing motor-programming demands, was expected to yield a diminished disparity in preference and performance between the hands. Left and right hand accuracy were measured independently for two motor tasks in 48 normal right-handed university students. In the first task, darts were thrown overhand at a stationary target. For the second task, subjects were asked to use the open hand to block (but not catch) projectiles launched at varying trajectories and velocities. ANOVA yielded a significant Hand x Task interaction, in which the left hand did not differ from the right hand in intercepting ability, but was significantly less accurate than the right hand for throwing. A sex difference favouring males was found for both tasks; this difference was not reducible to differences in physique or athleticism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N V Watson
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Roy EA. Manual performance asymmetries and motor control processes: Subject-generated changes in response parameters. Hum Mov Sci 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-9457(83)90022-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
22
|
Liederman J, Kinsbourne M. Rightward motor bias in newborns depends upon parental right-handedness. Neuropsychologia 1980; 18:579-84. [PMID: 7443022 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3932(80)90160-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
23
|
Faglioni P. Specializzazione Anatomo-Funzionale della Corteccia e Organizzazione del Gesto. Contributo della Sperimentazione Animale allo Studio Dell'Aprassia. Cortex 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-9452(79)80084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
24
|
Siders WA, Hoffman H, Glanville BB. Lifted-weight difference thresholds as a function of hand. Percept Mot Skills 1978; 46:175-8. [PMID: 643474 DOI: 10.2466/pms.1978.46.1.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to determine if the two hands of right-handers are differentially sensitive to changes in perceived weight. Using the method of limits, the left and right hands of 20 college students were tested at each of three reference weights: 90, 100, and 110 gm. Results indicated that, over-all, difference thresholds for the two hands were not reliably different, though a trend did emerge toward greater right-handed sensitivity to weight changes at smaller weights and greater left-handed sensitivity at greater weights.
Collapse
|
25
|
Patkin M. Ergonomics applied to the practice of microsurgery. THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF SURGERY 1977; 47:320-9. [PMID: 269702 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1977.tb04297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microsurgery presents special problems of visual information and fine manipulation, including tremor control. These problems can be studied usefully through ergonomics, the science of man at work, already used widely in industry. This paper presents factors affecting visual feedback, normal hand tremor, and instrument design, and refers to the process of skill acquisition and the care of surgical instruments.
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Abstract
The hand preference of college students correlated significantly with the writing hand of their biological parents but not that of their stepparents. The results are consistent with a genetic theory of the origin of human handedness.
Collapse
|
28
|
Passingham RE, Ettlinger G. A comparison of cortical functions in man and the other primates. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 1974; 16:233-99. [PMID: 4212883 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
29
|
|
30
|
Churchill AV. Search for a bilateral kinesthetic difference. Percept Mot Skills 1971; 33:603-10. [PMID: 5124118 DOI: 10.2466/pms.1971.33.2.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
3 experiments were performed to measure the possible effect of bilateral kinesthetic difference (BKD) on tactual-kinesthetic judgment of size when the stimulus objects were simultaneously presented to the right and left hands for comparison. A BKD was not demonstrated.
Collapse
|
31
|
Provins KA, Dalziel FR. Handedness. J Mot Behav 1969; 1:163-7. [PMID: 23941095 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.1969.10734843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A 36 year-old man with unusual handwriting difficulties was tested for writing ability with the right and left hands shortly before and after a spontaneous change of writing habits. After only 10 mos. practice with the previously non-preferred (left) hand, handwriting speed and legibility was comparable on the two sides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Provins
- a Department of Psychology , Australian National University
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
The performance of two groups of 20 trained touch typists and one group of 20 nontypists was tested on seven different typewriting exercises. Three of these exercises were executed entirely with the right hand and three were completed using only the left. A comparison of performances of the two sides showed, for the typists, no differences between the sides or a difference in favour of the left hand; and for the non-typists, a difference between hands in favour of the right side in two of the three comparisons. A comparison of handwriting performance with the preferred and non-preferred hands was carried out on 80 subjects. Apart from a highly significant difference in performance between the sides in favour of the preferred hand, this task showed, as did the typewriting task, a marked positive correlation between the performance levels of the two sides. These findings are briefly discussed in relation to the training histories of the subjects.
Collapse
|
33
|
|