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Perkas O, Schmidt A, Kuehnel C, Greiser J, Hermeyer H, Klingner C, Freesmeyer M, Winkens T. Different narcotic gases and concentrations for immobilization of ostrich embryos for in-ovo imaging. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2024; 249:10037. [PMID: 38854792 PMCID: PMC11157058 DOI: 10.3389/ebm.2024.10037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In-ovo imaging using avian eggs has been described as a potential alternative to animal testing using rodents. However, imaging studies are hampered by embryonal motion producing artifacts. This study aims at systematically comparing isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane in three different concentrations in ostrich embryos. Biomagnetic signals of ostrich embryos were recorded analyzing cardiac action and motion. Ten groups comprising eight ostrich embryos each were investigated: Control, isoflurane (2%, 4%, and 6%), desflurane (6%, 12%, and 18%) and sevoflurane (3%, 5%, and 8%). Each ostrich egg was exposed to the same narcotic gas and concentration on development day (DD) 31 and 34. Narcotic gas exposure was upheld for 90 min and embryos were monitored for additional 75 min. Toxicity was evaluated by verifying embryo viability 24 h after the experiments. Initial heart rate of mean 148 beats/min (DD 31) and 136 beats/min (DD 34) decreased over time by 44-48 beats/minute. No significant differences were observed between groups. All narcotic gases led to distinct movement reduction after mean 8 min. Embryos exposed to desflurane 6% showed residual movements. Isoflurane 6% and sevoflurane 8% produced motion-free time intervals of mean 70 min after discontinuation of narcotic gas exposure. Only one embryo death occurred after narcotic gas exposure with desflurane 6%. This study shows that isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane are suitable for ostrich embryo immobilization, which is a prerequisite for motion-artifact free imaging. Application of isoflurane 6% and sevoflurane 8% is a) safe as no embryonal deaths occurred after exposure and b) effective as immobilization was observed for approx. 70 min after the end of narcotic gas exposure. These results should be interpreted with caution regarding transferability to other avian species as differences in embryo size and incubation duration exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Perkas
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
- Translational Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmacy, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - A. Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Biomagnetic Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - C. Kuehnel
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
- Translational Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmacy, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - J. Greiser
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
- Translational Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmacy, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - H. Hermeyer
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - C. Klingner
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Biomagnetic Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - M. Freesmeyer
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
- Translational Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmacy, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - T. Winkens
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
- Translational Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmacy, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
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Benatti Justino A, Prado Bittar V, Luiza Borges A, Sol Peña Carrillo M, Sommerfeld S, Aparecida Cunha Araújo I, Maria da Silva N, Beatriz Fonseca B, Christine Almeida A, Salmen Espindola F. Curcumin-functionalized gold nanoparticles attenuate AAPH-induced acute cardiotoxicity via reduction of lipid peroxidation and modulation of antioxidant parameters in a chicken embryo model. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123486. [PMID: 37802259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained considerable attention due to their biocompatibility, customizable optical properties and ease of synthesis. In this study, an environmentally friendly method was used for synthesize curcumin-functionalized AuNPs (AuNP-C). AuNP-C exhibited a spherical shape, uniformity, and an average diameter of 6 nm. The in vitro antioxidant activity was analyzed, and cytotoxicity properties of AuNP-C were assessed in fibroblast and macrophage cells. Additionally, the effects of AuNP-C on oxidative stress in chicken embryo liver and hearts were investigated. AuNP-C demonstrated potent free radical scavenging properties without exhibiting cytotoxicity and hepatotoxicity effects. Administration of 300 µg/mL of AuNP-C in chicken embryos, subjected to oxidative damage induced by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species levels in the cardiac tissue. Moreover, the activities of cardiac superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase were restored, accompanied by an increase in overall antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, at higher concentrations, AuNP-C normalized the reduced glutathione content. AuNP-C preserved the normal structure of blood vessels; however, it resulted in an increase in protein carbonylation. This study provides initial evidence for the modulation of antioxidant defense mechanisms by green-synthesized AuNPs and underscores the importance of investigating the in vivo safety of phytoantioxidant-functionalized nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allisson Benatti Justino
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil; Laboratory of New Nanostructured and Functional Materials, Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil; Postgraduate Program of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Prado Bittar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Borges
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
| | - María Sol Peña Carrillo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
| | - Simone Sommerfeld
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
| | | | - Neide Maria da Silva
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
| | | | - Anielle Christine Almeida
- Laboratory of New Nanostructured and Functional Materials, Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil; Postgraduate Program of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil.
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Tagliatti V, Descamps C, Lefèvre M, Colet JM. Predicting Valproate-Induced Liver Injury Using Metabolomic Analysis of Ex Ovo Chick Embryo Allantoic Fluid. Metabolites 2023; 13:721. [PMID: 37367880 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of sensitive animals in toxicological studies tends to be limited. Even though cell culture is an attractive alternative, it has some limitations. Therefore, we investigated the potential of the metabolomic profiling of the allantoic fluid (AF) from ex ovo chick embryos to predict the hepatotoxicity of valproate (VPA). To this end, the metabolic changes occurring during embryo development and following exposure to VPA were assessed using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. During embryonic development, our findings indicated a metabolism progressively moving from anaerobic to aerobic, mainly based on lipids as the energy source. Next, liver histopathology of VPA-exposed embryos revealed abundant microvesicles indicative of steatosis and was metabolically confirmed via the determination of lipid accumulation in AF. VPA-induced hepatotoxicity was further demonstrated by (i) lower glutamine levels, precursors of glutathione, and decreased β-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenous antioxidant; (ii) changes in lysine levels, a precursor of carnitine, which is essential in the transport of fatty acids to the mitochondria and whose synthesis is known to be reduced by VPA; and (iii) choline accumulation that promotes the export of hepatic triglycerides. In conclusion, our results support the use of the ex ovo chick embryo model combined with the metabolomic assessment of AF to rapidly predict drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Tagliatti
- Laboratory of Human Biology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Caroline Descamps
- Laboratory of Human Biology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Margaux Lefèvre
- Laboratory of Human Biology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Colet
- Laboratory of Human Biology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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Jiang Q, Xu X, Ni H, Guo Y, Yuan J, Zheng Y. In Ovo Early-in-Life Inhalation Exposure to Gas/Aerosol with a Chicken Embryo Model. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2326:197-201. [PMID: 34097269 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1514-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To assess the toxicities of gas/aerosol, inhalation exposure model is necessary. Especially important is the inhalation exposure early in life. Traditional inhalation exposure method requires specific instruments and may have to imitate the exposure either days before or after birth. Here, a new inhalation exposure method is introduced, which may be performed without any specific instruments and effectively expose late stage chicken embryos to gas/aerosol very early-in-life by inhalation. This method may facilitate the risk assessment and mechanistic studies regarding the early-in-life effects of gas/aerosol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiao Jiang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Ni
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yajie Guo
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Junhua Yuan
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Burggren W, Rojas Antich M. Angiogenesis in the Avian Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane: A Perspective on Research Trends and a Case Study on Toxicant Vascular Effects. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7040056. [PMID: 33291457 PMCID: PMC7762154 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7040056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the avian embryo is an intrinsically interesting gas exchange and osmoregulation organ. Beyond study by comparative biologists, however, the CAM vascular bed has been the focus of translational studies by cardiovascular life scientists interested in the CAM as a model for probing angiogenesis, heart development, and physiological functions. In this perspective article, we consider areas of cardiovascular research that have benefited from studies of the CAM, including the themes of investigation of the CAM's hemodynamic influence on heart and central vessel development, use of the CAM as a model vascular bed for studying angiogenesis, and the CAM as an assay tool. A case study on CAM vascularization effects of very low doses of crude oil as a toxicant is also presented that embraces some of these themes, showing the induction of subtle changes in the pattern of the CAM vasculature growth that are not readily observed by standard vascular assessment methodologies. We conclude by raising several questions in the area of CAM research, including the following: (1) Do changes in patterns of CAM growth, as opposed to absolute CAM growth, have biological significance?; (2) How does the relative amount of CAM vascularization compared to the embryo per se change during development?; and (3) Is the CAM actually representative of the mammalian systemic vascular beds that it is presumed to model?
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Tahara Y, Obara K, Kamihira M. Calcium carbonate supplementation to chorioallantoic membranes improves hatchability in shell-less chick embryo culture. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 131:314-319. [PMID: 33223431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Developing chick embryos are a classical research tool in developmental biology. The whole embryo culture technique can be applied to various fields, such as embryo manipulation, toxicology, tumorigenesis, and basic research in regenerative medicine. When used for the generation of transgenic chickens, a high hatchability of genetically engineered embryos is essential to support normal embryonic development during culture. In this study, calcium carbonate, which is the main component of eggshells, was added as a calcium source in shell-less chick embryo cultures using a transparent plastic film as a culture vessel. In the absence of a calcium source in the shell-less culture system, embryogenesis ceased during culture, resulting in failed embryonic hatching. We found that the direct addition of calcium carbonate to the chorioallantoic membrane of the developing embryo was effective for the hatching of cultured chick embryos. The amount, timing, and location of calcium carbonate addition were investigated to maximize the hatchability of cultured embryos. Starting from the time of calcium carbonate supplementation, >40% hatchability was obtained with the optimal condition. This established method of shell-less chick embryo culture provides a useful tool in basic and applied fields of chick embryo manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Tahara
- Oihama High School, 372 Shioda-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0823, Japan
| | - Katsuya Obara
- Takanedai Animal Clinic, 2-16-3 Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba 274-0063, Japan
| | - Masamichi Kamihira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Jiang Q, Xu X, Zhang C, Luo J, Lv N, Shi L, Ji A, Gao M, Chen F, Cui L, Zheng Y. In ovo very early-in-life exposure to diesel exhaust induced cardiopulmonary toxicity in a hatchling chick model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114718. [PMID: 32388309 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Diesel exhaust (DE) had been associated with cardiopulmonary toxicity and developmental toxicity. However, neonatal very early-in-life exposure had not been extensively studied previously. To investigate the potential effects of neonatal very early-in-life exposure to DE, a brand-new chicken embryo in ovo exposure model had been established, with which the cardiopulmonary effects of DE exposure via air cell infusion at embryonic day 18/19 (ED18/19) were assessed in hatchling chicks post-hatch 0-, 1-, or 2-weeks. Heart rates were assessed with electrocardiography. Cardiac and pulmonary morphologies were investigated with histopathological methods. Cardiopulmonary effects were explored with immunohistochemistry for alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA). In further investigations, the expression levels of phosphorylated AhR, serum levels of TGF-β1, phosphorylated SMAD2/3 and phosphorylated p38MAPK were assessed in the lung tissues. Significantly elevated heart rates, increased right ventricular wall thickness and cardiac collagen deposition were observed in the hearts of exposed hatchling chicks. Significantly increased collagen deposition as well as increased vascular alpha-SMA layer thickness/decreased cavity area were observed in exposed animal lungs. These effects persisted up to two weeks post-hatch. Mechanistic studies revealed elevated phosphorylated AhR expression levels in 0-week and 1-week chicken lungs, while phosphorylated SMAD2/3 levels significantly increased in 0-week chicken lungs but decreased in 2-week chicken lungs following DE exposure. Phosphorylation of p38MAPK did not remarkably increase until 2-week post-hatch. In summary, the novel chicken neonatal very early-in-life exposure model effectively exposed the chicken embryos during the neonatal initial breathing, resulting in cardiopulmonary toxicity, which is associated with AHR, TGF-β1 and MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiao Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Na Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Limei Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Andong Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Feilong Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Lianhua Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
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Farzaneh M, Derakhshan Z, Hallajzadeh J, Sarani NH, Nejabatdoust A, Khoshnam SE. Suppression of TGF-β and ERK Signaling Pathways as a New Strategy to Provide Rodent and Non-Rodent Pluripotent Stem Cells. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 14:466-473. [PMID: 30868962 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190314110529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are unspecialized cells and excellent model in developmental biology and a promising approach to the treatment of disease and injury. In the last 30 years, pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells were established from murine and primate sources, and display indefinite replicative potential and the ability to differentiate to all three embryonic germ layers. Despite large efforts in many aspects of rodent and non-rodent pluripotent stem cell culture, a number of diverse challenges remain. Natural and synthetic small molecules (SMs) strategy has the potential to overcome these hurdles. Small molecules are typically fast and reversible that target specific signaling pathways, epigenetic processes and other cellular processes. Inhibition of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β/Smad) and fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4)/ERK signaling pathways by SB431542 and PD0325901 small molecules, respectively, known as R2i, enhances the efficiency of mouse, rat, and chicken pluripotent stem cells passaging from different genetic backgrounds. Therefore, the application of SM inhibitors of TGF-β and ERK1/2 with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) allows the cultivation of pluripotent stem cells in a chemically defined condition. In this review, we discuss recently emerging evidence that dual inhibition of TGF-β and FGF signaling pathways plays an important role in regulating pluripotency in both rodent and non-rodent pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzaneh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Derakhshan
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamal Hallajzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Maraghe University of Medical Science, Maraghe, Iran
| | | | - Armin Nejabatdoust
- Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Dünker N, Jendrossek V. Implementation of the Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Model in Radiation Biology and Experimental Radiation Oncology Research. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101499. [PMID: 31591362 PMCID: PMC6826367 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is part of standard cancer treatment. Innovations in treatment planning and increased precision in dose delivery have significantly improved the therapeutic gain of radiotherapy but are reaching their limits due to biologic constraints. Thus, a better understanding of the complex local and systemic responses to RT and of the biological mechanisms causing treatment success or failure is required if we aim to define novel targets for biological therapy optimization. Moreover, optimal treatment schedules and prognostic biomarkers have to be defined for assigning patients to the best treatment option. The complexity of the tumor environment and of the radiation response requires extensive in vivo experiments for the validation of such treatments. So far in vivo investigations have mostly been performed in time- and cost-intensive murine models. Here we propose the implementation of the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model as a fast, cost-efficient model for semi high-throughput preclinical in vivo screening of the modulation of the radiation effects by molecularly targeted drugs. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the application spectrum, advantages and limitations of the CAM assay and summarizes current knowledge of its applicability for cancer research with special focus on research in radiation biology and experimental radiation oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Dünker
- Institute for Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Medicine Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Medicine Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
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Antifibrotic Activity and In Ovo Toxicity Study of Liver-Targeted Curcumin-Gold Nanoparticle. Sci Pharm 2018; 86:scipharm86040041. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm86040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugation of curcumin and gold with green chemistry is an approach to improve the effectiveness of curcumin as anti-fibrosis. In this work, curcumin and gold were conjugated to deliver curcumin to the liver. Curcumin-gold nanoparticles (cAuNPs) were prepared by varying curcumin pH and concentration. The successful of cAuNPs formation were identified by using UV-visible and FTIR spectrophotometers. The particle size and morphology were analyzed using particle size analyzer and cryo-TEM respectively. In vitro antioxidant assay was performed to determine the curcumin activity after conjugation. Physical and chemical stabilities of cAuNPs were studied for one month at 5 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C. Furthermore, the cAuNPs activity to modulate early marker of fibrosis was tested on NIH/3T3 cells. The optimum condition for cAuNPs synthesis was by using 1.5 mM curcumin at pH 9.3. As compared to free curcumin, cAuNPs showed higher antioxidant activity and maintained the nanosize after stored for one month. In line with the antioxidant activity, cAuNPs 0.25–1 μg/mL reduced the collagen production by NIH/3T3 cells. More importantly, cAuNPs did not demonstrate any effect on the development of chicken embryo. Taken together, the attachment of gold to curcumin in the form of cAuNPs is promising for curcumin targeting to treat hepatic fibrosis.
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