1
|
Ani AO, Onodugo MO, Ogwuegbu MC, Udeh VC, Mthiyane DMN. Influence of dietary lysolecithin on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, haemato-biochemistry, and oxidative status of broiler birds. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:271. [PMID: 39312028 PMCID: PMC11420263 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of dietary lysolecithin on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, haematobiochemistry, and oxidative status in finisher broiler chickens. In a completely randomized design (CRD), 300 21-day-old Chikun strain chicks were randomly allocated to 30 pens in which they were allotted to 5 dietary treatments as follows TI (0 g /100kg), T2 (100 g /100kg), T3 (200 g /100kg), T4 (300 g /100kg), T5 (400 g /100kg) of feed with 6 replicates pens of 10 during the finisher phase (28 days). Results showed that dietary supplementation with lysolecithin increased the final body weight (FBW) (quadratic P = 0.0178), body weight gain (BWG) (quadratic P = 0.0232), whilst it decreased the total feed intake (TFI) (linear P = 0.0104). Similarly, it linearly increased the retention of dry matter (P = 0.0324); crude protein (P = 0.0029), crude fibre (P = 0.0147), and crude fat (P = 0.0002). Furthermore, it increased the superoxide dismutase (linear P < 0.001), glutathione peroxidase (quadratic P < 0.001), glutathione (linear P < 0.001), whilst it decreased malondialdehyde (linear P = 0.003), without affecting (P > 0.05) the haematobiochemistry parameters. Therefore, dietary lysolecithin could be supplemented up to 400 g /100 kg without compromising performance, nutrient retention, haemato-biochemistry, and oxidative status in finisher broiler diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Augustine Ogbonna Ani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
| | - Matthew Onyeka Onodugo
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
| | - Mercy Chisara Ogwuegbu
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria.
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa.
| | - Valentine Chidozie Udeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Doctor Mziwenkosi Nhlanhla Mthiyane
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Morozova M, Andrejeva J, Snytnikova O, Boldyreva L, Tsentalovich Y, Kozhevnikova E. Phospholipid supplementation inhibits male and female odor discrimination in mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1397284. [PMID: 39132447 PMCID: PMC11310928 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1397284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary phospholipids (PLs) are promising supplements that are commonly found as natural food ingredients and emulsifier additives. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of major PLs found in food supplements on social behavior in mice. In this study, the effect of short-term high dietary PL content was studied in terms of social odor discrimination and social interactions with male and female intruders in male mice. We used odor discrimination and habituation tests to demonstrate that PL-fed male mice tend to lose preference toward female odor and fail to discriminate against socially significant scents. At the same time, test animals recognize non-social odors. We also found that PL affected the social behavior of the test males, who tend to behave indiscriminately toward male and female intruders during direct contact. Brain metabolomic profiling revealed no major changes in the intermediary metabolism or neurotransmitter biosynthesis. At the same time, intranasal PL application resembled the effects of dietary supplementation. These data suggest that certain PL might suppress pheromone perception in the olfactory system and affect the sense of socially important odor cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryana Morozova
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Lidiya Boldyreva
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Elena Kozhevnikova
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Liu Q, Liu Y, Qiao W, Zhao J, Cao H, Liu Y, Chen L. Advances in the composition, efficacy, and mimicking of human milk phospholipids. Food Funct 2024; 15:6254-6273. [PMID: 38787648 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00539b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipids are the essential components of human milk, contributing to the enhancement of cognitive development, regulation of immune functions, and mitigation of elevated cholesterol levels. Infant formulas supplemented with phospholipids can change the composition, content, and globule membrane structure of milk lipids, improving their digestive properties and nutritional value. However, mimicking phospholipids in infant formulas is currently limited, and the supplemented standards of phospholipid species and amounts in infant formulas are unknown. Consequently, there is a significant difference between the phospholipids in infant formulas and those in human milk. This article reviews the recent progress in human milk phospholipid research, aiming to describe the composition, content, and positive effects of human milk phospholipids, as well as summarises the dietary sources of phospholipid supplementation and the current state of human milk phospholipid mimicking in infant formulas. This review provides clear directions for research on mimicking human milk phospholipids and evaluating the nutritional functions of phospholipids in infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Weicang Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Junying Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Huiru Cao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd, Beijing 100163, China
- Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., No. 8, Yingchang Street 100076, Yinghai Town, Daxing District, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gholami M, Shirzadi H, Taherpour K, Rahmatnejad E, Shokri A, Khatibjoo A. Effect of emulsifier on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, faecal microbiology and blood biochemistry of broiler chickens fed low-energy diets. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1437. [PMID: 38555574 PMCID: PMC10981915 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study hypothesizes that a natural multicomponent emulsifier (Lipidol) could improve production performance in broiler chickens by aiding lipid digestion and addressing digestive system limitations. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary emulsifier inclusion on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, faecal microbiology, blood biochemistry and liver enzyme activities of broiler chickens fed low-energy diets. METHODS The experiment involved 144 one-day-old male broiler chickens split into 4 treatments. Four diets were used: standard metabolizable energy (ME) as a control diet and three low-ME diets, reducing by 100 kcal/kg by adding 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg of exogenous emulsifier (Em). RESULTS No significant differences were observed in body weight gain and feed intake. However, during the finisher period (25-42 days), supplementation emulsifier to low-ME diets notably improved feed efficiency. Although crude protein, organic matter and ash digestibility remained unaffected, dry matter (DM) digestibility significantly increased in broilers fed low-ME diets with emulsifier. Broilers receiving 0.5 g/kg of emulsifier showed the highest villus width and surface area values. Moreover, including 1.5 g/kg of emulsifier led to the highest villus height to crypt depth ratio. Faecal microbiota, blood biochemistry and liver enzyme activities showed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Emulsifier supplementation compensated for the energy reduction and enhanced performance, DM digestibility and some intestinal morphology parameters in broiler chickens fed low-ME diet. Using 0.5 g/kg of emulsifier per 100 kcal of ME reduction in broiler diets is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hassan Shirzadi
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of AgricultureIlam UniversityIlamIran
| | - Kamran Taherpour
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of AgricultureIlam UniversityIlamIran
| | - Enayat Rahmatnejad
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesPersian Gulf UniversityBushehrIran
| | - Alinaghi Shokri
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of AgricultureIlam UniversityIlamIran
| | - Ali Khatibjoo
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of AgricultureIlam UniversityIlamIran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu J, Yang W, Song R, Li Z, Jia X, Zhang H, Zhang P, Xue X, Li S, Xie Y, Zhang R, Ye J, Zhou Z, Wu C. Dietary Soybean Lecithin Improves Growth, Immunity, Antioxidant Capability and Intestinal Barrier Functions in Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides Juveniles. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040512. [PMID: 37110170 PMCID: PMC10145076 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of dietary soybean lecithin (SBL) on the growth, haematological indices, immunities, antioxidant capabilities, and inflammatory and intestinal barrier functions because little information of dietary SBL could be obtained in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). The fish were fed identical diets except for SBL added at 0, 2, 4 and 8%. It was found that 4 and 8% SBL significantly increased fish weight gain and daily growth rate (p < 0.05), while 4% SBL was optimal for enhancing RBC, HGB, PLT, MCV, MCH, WBC and MON in blood, and ALB and ALP in serum (p < 0.05). SBL (4%) also significantly elevated the antioxidant enzymes activities of T-SOD, CAT, GR, GPx, GST and T-AOC and GSH contents; increased mRNA transcription levels of Nrf2, Cu/Zn-SOD, CAT, GR, GST3 and GPx3; and decreased MDA contents. Keap1a and Keap1b levels were markedly down-regulated (p < 0.05). SBL (4%) significantly enhanced levels of the immune factors (ACP, LZM and C3) and the mRNA expression levels of innate immune-related genes (C3, C4, CFD, HEPC and MHC-I) compared with the control groups (0%) (p < 0.05). SBL (4%) significantly increased IgM and T-NOS in the intestine (p < 0.05) and significantly decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-1β and IFN-γ and increased TGF-β1 at both transcription and protein levels in the liver and intestine (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of MAPK13, MAPK14 and NF-κB P65 were significantly decreased in the intestine in the 4% SBL groups (p < 0.05). Histological sections also demonstrated that 4% SBL protected intestinal morphological structures compared with controls. This included increased intestinal villus height and muscular thickness (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of the intestinal epithelial cell tight junction proteins (TJs) (ZO-1, claudin-3, claudin-4, claudin-5, claudin-23 and claudin-34) and mucin-5AC were significantly up-regulated in the 4% SBL groups compared with the controls (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these results suggested that 4% dietary SBL could not only improve growth, haematological indices, antioxidant capabilities, immune responses and intestinal functions, but also alleviate inflammatory responses, thereby providing reference information for the feed formulations in cultured largemouth bass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Wenxue Yang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Rui Song
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zhe Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xiaowei Jia
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Penghui Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xinyu Xue
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Rongfei Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Jinyun Ye
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zhijin Zhou
- Huzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Development Center, 768 Luwang Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Chenglong Wu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yousefi J, Taherpour K, Ghasemi HA, Akbari Gharaei M, Mohammadi Y, Rostami F. Effects of emulsifier, betaine, and L-carnitine on growth performance, immune response, gut morphology, and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens exposed to cyclic heat stress. Br Poult Sci 2023:1-14. [PMID: 36607291 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2022.2160626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
1. This experiment investigated the efficacy of varying doses of an emulsifier blend (EB; 0 and 1 g/kg of diet), betaine (BT; 0 and 1 g/kg of diet) and L-carnitine (CT; 0 and 0.5 g/kg of diet) in broilers subjected to circular heat stress (HS) conditions. A total of 1080 one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to one of nine treatment groups (six pens/treatment with 20 birds/pen) according to a completely randomised design. The thermoneutral control broiler chickens were housed at a comfortable temperature and fed a standard diet (no additives). The other eight groups were exposed to cyclic HS conditions (34°C) for 8 h (10:00-18:00).2. There were EB × BT × CT interactions for body weight (BW) at 24 d (P = 0.038) and average daily gain (ADG) during the 10-24 d period (P = 0.049), with the greatest values found with concurrent supplementation of three supplements.3. Inclusion of EB resulted in greater (P < 0.05) BW, ADG, European performance index, uniformity rate, primary antibody titres against sheep red blood cells (SRBC), duodenal villus height (VH) and villus surface area, digestible energy (DE) and the coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (CAID) of dry matter, crude protein, and fat However, feed conversion ratio, mortality rate and heterophile to lymphocyte ratio were lower (P < 0.05).4. Dietary BT supplementation improved (P < 0.05) all performance indicators, primary antibody titres against SRBC and Newcastle disease virus, serum total antioxidant capacity, duodenal VH, Jejunal VH/crypt depth and the CAID of dry matter and crude protein. The effect of dietary supplementation with CT was limited to an increase (P < 0.05) in ADG (d 10-24) and a decrease (P < 0.05) in serum malondialdehyde concentration (42 d) and jejunal crypt depth (42 d).5. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of either EB or BT alone or in combination ameliorated some of the detrimental effects of HS on growth performance, immunity and intestinal health in broilers, while a minor positive effect on performance and antioxidant status was observed with CT supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Yousefi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - K Taherpour
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - H A Ghasemi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - M Akbari Gharaei
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Y Mohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - F Rostami
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saydakova S, Morozova K, Snytnikova O, Morozova M, Boldyreva L, Kiseleva E, Tsentalovich Y, Kozhevnikova E. The Effect of Dietary Phospholipids on the Ultrastructure and Function of Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021788. [PMID: 36675301 PMCID: PMC9866517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary composition substantially determines human health and affects complex diseases, including obesity, inflammation and cancer. Thus, food supplements have been widely used to accommodate dietary composition to the needs of individuals. Among the promising supplements are dietary phospholipids (PLs) that are commonly found as natural food ingredients and as emulsifier additives. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of major PLs found as food supplements on the morphology of intestinal epithelial cells upon short-term and long-term high-dose feeding in mice. In the present report, the effect of short-term and long-term high dietary PL content was studied in terms of intestinal health and leaky gut syndrome in male mice. We used transmission electron microscopy to evaluate endothelial morphology at the ultrastructural level. We found mitochondrial damage and lipid droplet accumulation in the intracristal space, which rendered mitochondria more sensitive to respiratory uncoupling as shown by a mitochondrial respiration assessment in the intestinal crypts. However, this mitochondrial damage was insufficient to induce intestinal permeability. We propose that high-dose PL treatment impairs mitochondrial morphology and acts through extensive membrane utilization via the mitochondria. The data suggest that PL supplementation should be used with precaution in individuals with mitochondrial disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Snezhanna Saydakova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ksenia Morozova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga Snytnikova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maryana Morozova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lidiya Boldyreva
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Elena Kozhevnikova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 630039 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yousefi J, Taherpour K, Ghasemi HA, Akbari Gharaei M, Mohammadi Y, Rostami F. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effects of emulsifier, betaine, and L-carnitine on growth performance, immune response, gut morphology, and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens exposed to cyclic heat stress. Br Poult Sci 2022. [PMID: 36103130 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2022.2124100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
1. This experiment investigated the efficiency of varying doses of an emulsifier blend (EB; 0 and 1 g/kg of diet), betaine (BT; 0 and 1 g/kg of diet) and L-carnitine (CT; 0 and 0.5 g/kg of diet) in broilers subjected to circular heat stress (HS) conditions.2. A total of 1080 one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to nine treatment groups (six pens/treatment with 20 birds/pen) in a completely randomised design. The thermoneutral control broiler chickens were housed at a comfortable temperature and fed a standard diet (no additives). The other 8 groups were exposed to cyclic HS conditions (34°C) for 8 h (10:00-18:00).3. There were EB × BT × CT interactions for body weight (BW) at 24 d (P=0.038) and average daily gain (ADG) during the 10-24 d period (P=0.049), with the greatest values with concurrent supplementation of all three ingredients.4. Inclusion of EB resulted in greater (P<0.05) BW, ADG, European performance index, uniformity rate, primary antibody titres against sheep red blood cells (SRBC), duodenal villus height (VH) and villus surface area, nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolisable energy (AMEn) and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter, crude protein and fat, but lower (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio, mortality rate and heterophile to lymphocyte ratio.5. Dietary BT supplementation improved (P<0.05) overall performance indicators, primary antibody titres against SRBC and Newcastle disease virus, serum total antioxidant capacity, duodenal VH, Jejunal VH/crypt depth, AID of dry matter and crude protein. The effect of dietary supplementation with CT was limited to an increase (P<0.05) in ADG (d 10-24) and a decrease (P<0.05) in serum malondialdehyde concentration (42 d) and jejunal crypt depth (42 d).6. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of either EB or BT alone or in combination can ameliorate some of the detrimental effects of HS on growth performance, immunity and intestinal health in broilers, while a minor positive effect on performance and antioxidant status was observed with CT supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Yousefi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Kamran Taherpour
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Hossein Ali Ghasemi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | | | - Yahya Mohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Farhad Rostami
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ahmadi-Sefat AA, Taherpour K, Ghasemi HA, Akbari Gharaei M, Shirzadi H, Rostami F. Effects of an emulsifier blend supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, and muscle fatty acid profile of broiler chickens fed with different levels of energy and protein. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102145. [PMID: 36155885 PMCID: PMC9519631 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of emulsifier blend (EB) supplementation of diets with various levels of metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) on broiler performance, digestibility, gut morphology, and muscle fatty acid profile were investigated over a 42-d period. Diets were arranged factorially (2 × 2 × 3) and consisted of 2 levels of ME (normal [commercially recommended levels] and low [100 kcal/kg reduction in dietary ME]), 2 levels of CP and limiting amino acids (normal [commercially recommended levels] and low [95% of the normal CP level]), and 3 levels of EB supplementation (0, 1, and 2 g/kg of diet). A total of 1,200 one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups (5 pens/treatment with 20 birds/pen). Supplemental EB linearly improved (P < 0.05) final body weight, overall average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio, but the magnitude of the responses was greater in low-ME and low-CP treatments, resulting in significant ME × CP × EB interactions. Similarly, the inclusion of EB in the diet, particularly at 2 g/kg, increased the ileal digestibility of crude protein and crude fat, as well as the AMEn value (P < 0.05), but the response was greater at lower ME concentration, indicating significant ME × EB interactions. Additionally, there were CP × EB interactions (P < 0.05) for duodenal villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio, indicating that the effect of EB on these responses was more marked at lower dietary CP levels. An increase in dietary EB levels was accompanied by a linear increase in the concentration of total saturated fatty acids and a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in the concentrations of total polyunsaturated fatty acids in both breast and thigh meat. In conclusion, the positive effects of EB supplementation, particularly at a dietary inclusion level of 2 g/kg, were clearly evident in broiler chickens fed with low nutrient diets (−100 Kcal/kg ME and/or −5% CP and limiting amino acids) in terms of growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamran Taherpour
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Hossein Ali Ghasemi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Shirzadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Farhad Rostami
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| |
Collapse
|