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Kazemi V, Zarghi H, Golian A. The effect of dietary energy and nutrients density on performance, egg components, egg quality, and profits of Hy-Line W-36 during the peak stage of first laying cycle. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2090287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Kazemi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Heydar Zarghi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Golian
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Hossaninejad SA, Zarghi H, Golian A. Effect of digestible threonine on performance, egg quality, blood metabolites, and immune responses in laying hens fed a wheat-based diet in the second cycle. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.2004248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Amir Hossaninejad
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Heydar Zarghi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Golian
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Lelis G, Tavernari FD, Calderano A, Costa FAD, Albino LFT, Rostagno H, Brito C, de Araújo WAG, Júnior VR. Digestible threonine-to-lysine ratio in diets for brown egg-laying hens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfy057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Azzam MMM, Dong XY, Zou XT. Effect of dietary threonine on laying performance and intestinal immunity of laying hens fed low-crude-protein diets during the peak production period. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:e55-e66. [PMID: 27357366 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Threonine (Thr) may be a limiting amino acid for laying hens fed diets with lowered protein level. An experiment was conducted to examine laying performance, and the intestinal immune function of laying hens provided diets varying in digestible Thr levels. Lohmann Brown laying hens (n = 480), 28 weeks of age, were allocated to six dietary treatments, each of which included five replicates of 16 hens. Dietary crude protein (CP) 16.18% diet was offered as the positive control diet. L-Thr was added to the negative diet (14.16% CP) by 0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 g/kg, corresponding 0.44%, 0.43%, 0.49%, 0.57%, 0.66% and 0.74% digestible Thr. At 40 weeks, a reduction in CP level decreased laying performance (p < 0.05). In the low CP, increasing dietary Thr increased (p < 0.05) egg production and egg mass and rose to a plateau between 0.57% and 0.66%. The hens fed 0.66% Thr showed the lowest value (p < 0.05) of feed conversion ratio (FCR). Serum level of uric acid showed the lowest values (p < 0.05) at 0.57-0.66%. In addition, serum-free Thr maximized (p < 0.05) between 0.66% and 0.74%. Digestive trypsin activity decreased (p < 0.05) when hens fed the low-CP diet compared with hens fed CP (16.18%) and hens fed 0.57-0.66%. Expressions of ileal MUC2 mRNA maximized (p < 0.05) at 0.66% Thr. Occludin mRNA increased with increasing Thr level (p < 0.05). sIgA mRNA reached to the maximum level (p < 0.05) at 0.66% and 0.74% Thr. INF-γ mRNA reached to the lowest level (p < 0.05) at 0.65%. Expressions of ileal IL-2, IL-6, IL-1β mRNA decreased with increasing Thr level (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Thr supplementation resulting in optimal laying performance and stimulated the mucosal immune system, suggesting that it is a limiting amino acid in the low-crude-protein diet of laying hens during the peak production period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M M Azzam
- Feed Science Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Al-Mansoura, Egypt
| | - X Y Dong
- Feed Science Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X T Zou
- Feed Science Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Sakomura NK, Silva EP, Dorigam JC, Gous RM, St-Pierre N. Modeling amino acid requirements of poultry. J APPL POULTRY RES 2015. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfv024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Silva E, Sakomura N, Oliveira C, Costa F, Dorigam J, Malheiros E. The optimal lysine and threonine intake for Cobb broiler breeder hens using Reading model. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Umigi R, Barreto S, Reis R, Mesquita Filho R, Araújo M. Níveis de treonina digestível para codorna japonesa na fase de produção. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352012000300018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Avaliou-se a exigência de treonina digestível para a codorna japonesa em postura. Foram utilizadas 400 codornas, durante 63 dias. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos, oito repetições e 10 aves por unidade experimental. A dieta basal foi deficiente em treonina, contendo 17,8% de proteína bruta, 2.900kcal de EM/kg, sendo suplementada com quatro níveis de L- treonina 98% (0,000; 0,052; 0,104; 0,156 e 0,208%), correspondendo à relação treonina digestível:lisina digestível de 0,55; 0,60; 0,65; 0,70 e 0,75, respectivamente. Os parâmetros estudados foram: consumo de ração, consumo de treonina, produção de ovo, peso do ovo, massa de ovos, conversão alimentar por massa de ovos, conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos, componentes dos ovos (gema, albúmen e casca) e gravidade específica. Observou-se aumento linear (P<0,01) somente para o consumo de treonina. Conclui-se que, para proporcionar os melhores resultados de desempenho e qualidade de ovos, a codorna japonesa exige 0,55% de treonina digestível, para um consumo diário de 144,61mg de treonina digestível/ave, correspondendo à relação treonina digestível: lisina digestível de 0,55.
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Figueiredo G, Bertechini A, Fassani E, Rodrigues P, Brito J, Castro S. Performance and egg quality of laying hens fed with dietary levels of digestible lysine and threonine. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352012000300028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was developed using 864 Hy-Line W36 laying hens (42 to 58 weeks of age) with a randomized experimental design in a 4x3 factorial arrangement, with five replicates and 12 birds per experimental unit and 4 evaluation periods of 28 days each. The digestible lysine levels studied were 0.675%, 0.743%, 0.811% and 0.879%, and the digestible threonine levels were 0.542%, 0.596% and 0.650%. The performance and egg quality was evaluated. There were no significant effects on the egg production, specific gravity, albumen and yolk percentage and total solids in albumen and yolk for birds submitted to the different dietary digestible lysine and threonine levels. There was significant interaction between these amino acids on the egg shell percentage and Haugh unit in fresh eggs. There was a decreasing linear effect on the feed intake with increase of digestible lysine level. Egg weight, egg mass and feed conversion demonstrated a quadratic effect with the increase of the digestible lysine level with the best results in the diets with 0.754, 0.772 and 0.795% of digestible lysine, respectively.
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Harms RH. What Levels of Amino Acids should a Feed Contain for the Commercial Laying Hen? JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2001.9706706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Gomez S, Angeles M. Effect of threonine and methionine levels in the diet of laying hens in the second cycle of production. J APPL POULTRY RES 2009. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2008-00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Faria DE, Harms RH, Russell GB. Threonine requirement of commercial laying hens fed a corn-soybean meal diet. Poult Sci 2002; 81:809-14. [PMID: 12079048 DOI: 10.1093/ps/81.6.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted with Hy-Line W36 hens to evaluate their Thr requirement in a corn-soybean meal diet. Eight experimental diets were used in Experiment 1 with graded levels of Thr: 0.53,0.50, 0.48, 0.45, 0.42, 0.40, 0.37, and 0.35%. Seven experimental diets were used in Experiment 2 with graded levels of Thr: 0.58, 0.53, 0.50, 0.48, 0.45, 0.42, and 0.40%. Supplemental amino acids (AA) were added to all diets to ensure that Thr was the first-limiting AA. Egg production (EP), egg mass (EM), and daily Thr intake were significantly increased with increasing dietary Thr levels. Broken-line regression indicated a daily Thr requirement of 439.0 and 462.1 mg per hen per d in Experiment 1 and of 393.9 and 447.1 mg per hen per d in Experiment 2 for EP and EM, respectively. The Thr requirements to produce 1 g of EM were 8.76 and 9.44 mg in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Faria
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA
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Ishibashi T, Ogawa Y, Itoh T, Fujimura S, Koide K, Watanabe R. Threonine requirements of laying hens. Poult Sci 1998; 77:998-1002. [PMID: 9657610 DOI: 10.1093/ps/77.7.998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to determine the Thr requirement of laying hens, two experiments were conducted using laying performance and plasma Thr concentration as parameters. At 29 and 39 wk of age, 100 and 600 laying hens in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively, with average BW and high egg production rate, were randomized, housed in individual cages, and given free access to water and experimental diets with five graded levels of Thr: 0.31, 0.39, 0.46, 0.54, and 0.61% for 21 d in Experiment 1 and diets with 0.31, 0.36, 0.41, 0.46 and 0.51% Thr for 58 d in Experiment 2. On the last day of the experiment, blood samples were taken for determination of plasma amino acid concentration. Feed intake and daily egg mass increased and then decreased linearly as dietary Thr increased. Plasma Thr increased slowly, then sharply with increasing dietary Thr levels. Using the broken-line model, the Thr requirements were estimated to be 0.425, 0.428, and 0.430% or 453, 456, and 458 mg/hen per d in Experiment 1 and 0.395, 0.404, and 0.400%, or 457, 467, and 462 mg/hen per d, in Experiment 2, for egg mass, feed efficiency, and plasma Thr concentration, respectively. These results indicate that the Thr requirements expressed as milligrams per hen per day as determined by plasma Thr concentration agree with those of laying performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ishibashi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Japan
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