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Greig MA, Village J, Salustri FA, Neumann WP. Examining human factors and ergonomics aspects in a manufacturing organisation's metrics system: measuring up to stakeholder needs. ERGONOMICS 2023; 66:1868-1883. [PMID: 36661049 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2168065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This research examines the status of human factors and ergonomics (HF/E) metrics in the case context of product realisation in an electronics manufacturing company. Interactions with 100+ stakeholders over a five year period were thematically analysed for metrics-related views and content. A disconnect between engineering metrics and HF/E metrics was evident. Engineers and HF/E specialists expressed different understandings of the gap between the disciplines and how to generate HF/E metrics that would fit the organisation. Other emerging themes provided insight for metrics development including improving indicator relatability, considerations for communication of information, and barriers to implementation of metrics. The results led to seven recommendations to help guide practitioners in developing and refining HF/E metrics as part of an organisation's metrics system. This macroergonomic case study provides key points for consideration when developing HF/E focussed metrics to support organisations being more proactive with HF/E in work system design. Practitioner summary: Metrics' presence, stakeholder views on metrics, and metrics-related content in a case organisation were thematically analysed with a macroergonomics focus. Human factors and ergonomics metrics (HF/E) were disconnected from engineering metrics thus limiting the design team's ability to handle human factors in design. Factors influencing HF/E metrics creation and integration were identified, resulting in seven recommendations for developing HF/E metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Greig
- Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada
| | - Judy Village
- Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada
| | - Filippo A Salustri
- Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada
| | - W Patrick Neumann
- Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada
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2
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Fournier DE, Yung M, Somasundram KG, Du BB, Rezvani S, Yazdani A. Quality, productivity, and economic implications of exoskeletons for occupational use: A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287742. [PMID: 37368889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the current state of knowledge on the quality and productivity of workers and their work while wearing exoskeletons, as well as the economic implications of exoskeletons for occupational use. Following the PRISMA guidelines, six databases were systematically searched for relevant journal articles, written in English, and published since January 2000. Articles meeting the inclusion criteria had their quality assessed using JBI's Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies (Non-Randomized Experimental Studies). A total of 6,722 articles were identified and 15 articles focusing on the impact of exoskeletons on quality and productivity of exoskeleton users while performing occupational tasks were included in this study. None of the included articles evaluated the economic implications of exoskeletons for occupational use. This study revealed several quality and productivity measures (e.g., endurance time, task completion time, number of errors, number of task cycles completed) used to evaluate the impact of exoskeletons. The current state of the literature suggests that quality and productivity impacts of exoskeleton use are dependent on task characteristics that should be considered when adopting exoskeletons. Future studies should evaluate the impact of exoskeleton use in the field and on a diverse pool of workers, as well as its economic implications to better support decision-making in the adoption of exoskeletons within organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Fournier
- Canadian Institute for Safety, Wellness & Performance, School of Business, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus Yung
- Canadian Institute for Safety, Wellness & Performance, School of Business, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kumara G Somasundram
- Canadian Institute for Safety, Wellness & Performance, School of Business, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bronson B Du
- Canadian Institute for Safety, Wellness & Performance, School of Business, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Rezvani
- Canadian Institute for Safety, Wellness & Performance, School of Business, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amin Yazdani
- Canadian Institute for Safety, Wellness & Performance, School of Business, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Ontario, Canada
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Neumann W, Purdy N. The better work, better care framework: 7 strategies for sustainable healthcare system process improvement. Health Syst (Basingstoke) 2023; 12:429-445. [PMID: 38235296 PMCID: PMC10791105 DOI: 10.1080/20476965.2023.2198580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthcare systems are under pressure to control costs and improve performance. Efforts to apply improvement trends such as "Lean" and other industrial engineering approaches have led to degradation of the working environment for healthcare professionals. Research is increasingly demonstrating how poor working environments contribute to declines in care quality and has led to calls for a "quadruple aim" with a focus on the working environment alongside quality, cost, and patient experience factors. This paper contributes to the debate by using a "systems" perspective to propose seven strategies by which healthcare systems might be improved without compromising the working environment. This article presents a rationale for these strategies based on current organisational psychology and human factors research and how these strategies might be deployed in practice. The authors argue that better working conditions leads to better care for patients and presents a viable approach for both practitioners and researchers to pursue the "Better Work, Better Care" agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- W.P. Neumann
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - N. Purdy
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Bolis I, Eickhoff M, Leite WKDS, Sznelwar LI. Working as a contact center attendant: Relating purpose, meaning, sustainability and mental health. Work 2023; 76:1547-1563. [PMID: 37393476 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are companies that can be considered financially successful while creating negative externalities for their workers. This is the case of contact centers. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to investigate the challenges for a service company (such as a contact center) in reconciling its economic and financial objectives with the promotion of the work dimension, guaranteeing workers the possibility of professional, collective, and human development. METHODS This research has a qualitative ethnographic approach. An activity-centered work analysis method, also known as "Ergonomic Work Analysis" (EWA), was carried out in one of the largest companies in the Brazilian contact center market. RESULTS The case shows that the achievement of economic-financial objectives of the analyzed company is mainly done by harming the well-being of its workers. In particular, the work of the attendants did not bring any development perspective for them. The prevalence of instrumental rationality in decision-making processes and the asymmetry of power relations between stakeholders are the main reasons why workers' well-being is not considered. CONCLUSION The discussion proposes that work-related sciences, such as ergonomics and psychodynamics of work, can bring another type of rationality to the decision-making processes of companies. The work also needs to be sustainable enough to allow the construction and development of professionals, and the health of working population, while improving the company's performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Bolis
- Production Engineering Department, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Maud Eickhoff
- Production Engineering Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Black NL, Neumann WP, Noy I, Dewis C. Applying ergonomics and human factors to congress organization in uncertain times. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 106:103862. [PMID: 36007452 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organizational Design and Management (ODAM) elements of Ergonomics and Human Factors (E/HF) apply to congress organization. Exemplary delegate and organizer E/HF experience is constrained by shifting requirements, time pressures and financial constraints. E/HF application while organizing the International Ergonomics Association's Triennial Congress in 2021 (IEA2021) is described focusing on delivery platforms considering typical and exceptional (pandemic) constraints, emphasizing ODAM E/HF principles and generalizable lessons. Post-Congress feedback from delegates, session chairs and Congress organizers reveal the Congress as experienced. Presenting virtually allowed on-demand recording access following live sessions and increased question-and-answer flexibility. Frustrations included navigating multiple platforms and insufficient communications. Stakeholders' differing expectations increased organizer workloads and delegate frustration. Maximum virtual presentation benefits require efforts to ensure integrated, human-centered platform development. Simply digitizing traditional Congress sessions ignores potential enhancements. Embracing innovations would help meet delegate communication needs via careful selection and deployment of evolving virtual meeting technologies. Organizational learning strategies can support these efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy L Black
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A3E9, Canada.
| | - W Patrick Neumann
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Ian Noy
- HFE Consultant and Forensic Expert, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Colleen Dewis
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H4R2, Canada.
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Rodríguez Y, Pérez E, Robertson MM. Ergonomic Maturity Model: A tool for integrating ergonomics/human factors into organizations. Work 2022; 73:S279-S292. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-211142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Currently, there is a need for models, methods, and tools that allow ergonomics/human factor (E/HF) practitioners to assess the level of E/HF integration into organizations from a macroergonomics perspective. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to propose the Ergonomic Maturity Model (EMM) and the tools for its application as a framework for integrating E/HF in organizations. METHODS: The EMM is a macroergonomic tool that allows stakeholders to evaluate the degree of development and integration of E/HF in the organization based on a participatory and macroergonomic approach. The EMM classifies organizations into five gradual levels of maturity: Ignorance, Understanding, Experimentation, Regular use, and Innovation. RESULTS: In this paper, we provide a three-stage procedure for guiding the application of the EMM: preparation of the evaluation, evaluation, and improvement plan and implementation. We include four tools developed specifically for applying EMM in organizations: evaluation matrix, weighting questionnaire, quick questionnaire, and prioritization matrix. Also, we present a Colombian floriculture company’s case study to exemplify the use of the EMM. CONCLUSIONS: The EMM provides a framework for integrating E/HF into organizations from the macroergonomics approach. E/HF practitioners can find in the EMM a tool to help them channel the actions taken by the different organizational actors to improve the safety, health, well-being, and performance of work systems. Finally, it should be noted that further studies on the reliability and validity of the EMM are needed, which would contribute to demonstrating that the EMM can effectively and successfully guide change in E/HF maturity levels in organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordán Rodríguez
- National School of Public Health, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Elizabeth Pérez
- School of Industrial Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Michelle M. Robertson
- DAmore-McKim Bossiness School, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Kolus A, Wells RP, Neumann WP. Examining the relationship between human factors related quality risk factors and work related musculoskeletal disorder risk factors in manufacturing. ERGONOMICS 2022:1-22. [PMID: 36039042 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2119285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study addresses the relationship between human factors (HF) related quality deficits in manufacturing and work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) risk factors in production staff. A recent systematic review identified 60 HF-related quality risk factors (QRFs) in manufacturing related to product, process and workstation design stages. We investigate the extent to which these identified QRFs are also WMSD risk factors. Each QRF was examined for its relationship with WMSD using a 0 (no relationship) to 10 (strong relationship) scale rubric. The authors rated each QRF separately and then discussed and adjusted their ratings in a review session. Results showed that average median ratings were the highest for QRFs related to product design (8/10), intermediate for QRFs related to workstation design (7/10) and the lowest for QRFs related to process design (5/10). This emphasises the significant role of HF in system design in reducing both quality deficits and risk of developing WMSDs for manufacturing personnel. Practitioner summary: This study investigates whether human-related risk factors for product quality are also risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders in manufacturing. Results showed a substantial relationship between quality risk factors and WMSD risk factors. This indicates the significant role of human factors in operations design in improving both system performance and human wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Kolus
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, College of Computing and Mathematics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Mobility and Logistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard P Wells
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - W Patrick Neumann
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
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Setayesh A, Di Pasquale V, Neumann WP. An inter-method comparison of four Human Reliability Assessment models. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2022; 102:103750. [PMID: 35397281 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a comparison of four common Human Reliability Assessment (HRA) models through a scoping literature review and sensitivity analysis. The scoping literature review identified 72 relevant studies which formed the basis of the comparison. Studies reported the four selected models have similarities in terms of the sector of origin, applied sectors, output calculation, and a lack of clear guidelines on Performance Influencing Factors (PIFs) selection and risk level allocation. The studied models have differences in the number and type of PIF inputs and Human Error Probability (HEP) calculation procedures. The One Factor At a Time (OFAT) and "combined" sensitivity analysis were conducted to examine the HRA models' responses to systematic risk level changes when each of 8 matching PIFs were systematically set to "high" and then "low" levels individually and simultaneously. The OFAT analysis showed coefficients of variation (CV) in HEP varying from 9% for skills/training up to 94% for work procedure when the PIFs are assigned to a "low" risk level individually. The combined analysis showed the median HEP value close to 97% and 1% when PIFs are assigned to" high" and "low" risk levels respectively. Although the selected HRA models were reported to be validated in high-risk domains there was no study found that validated these models in low-risk domains such as manual order picking, or manual assembly lines. The HRA models examined here are disconnected from specific system design elements which can inhibit design improvement efforts. The study outcome suggests the need for clear guidelines for PIFs selection and risk level allocation. Future research should address both the connection of error assessment to the design of the system and the features of new HRA models that affect its reliability and validity in a variety of industrial contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Setayesh
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Valentina Di Pasquale
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132- 84040, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - W Patrick Neumann
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
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9
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Saidat S, Junoh AK, Wan Muhamad WZA, Yahya Z. Modified job shop scheduling via Taguchi method and genetic algorithm. Neural Comput Appl 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-021-06504-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Sarbat I, Ozmehmet Tasan S. Ergonomics indicators: A proposal for sustainable process performance measurement in ergonomics. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:3-38. [PMID: 34344262 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1953614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Process performance measurement (PPM) has become a challenging task for organisations, which have many various processes, in today's globalised world. This challenging task is also remarkable in ergonomics, and combining sustainability with ergonomics can provide beneficial solutions for assessing risks and providing ergonomically favourable conditions for human well-being. In this paper, new ergonomics indicators (EIs) are proposed, classified, and described in detail to overcome this challenge through a systematic literature review that integrates ergonomics and sustainability. By considering sustainability indicators (SIs) selected from the review, the proposed EIs are presented within a three-dimensional structure. This structure enables measuring the performance on various issues in an organisation such as occupational health and safety, decent work, technology, working conditions, employee empowerment and development, charities, innovations, and recycling. Through systematic measurements using these indicators, more traceable and manageable processes can be achieved. Hence, ergonomists or managers can identify and prevent risky conditions practically. Practitioner Summary: This paper proposes ergonomics indicators and detailed descriptions for ensuring sustainable process performance measurement in ergonomics. The sustainability indicators presented as references for these proposals are utilised through selection and consolidation from literature. The ergonomics indicators are structured within a sustainability framework that considers six sustainability sub-dimensions proposed for ergonomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Sarbat
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Itam UJ, Swetha M. Examining the structural relationship between employee branding, TQHRM and sustainable employability outcome in Indian organized retail. TQM JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/tqm-03-2021-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of the study is to examine the structural relationships of employee branding (EB), total quality human resource management (TQHRM) and sustainable employability outcome variables (employee performance, satisfaction and loyalty) by identifying the suitable measurement scale which captures the service employee perceptions in selected Indian organized lifestyle retail stores.Design/methodology/approachThe four hypotheses given in this study were evaluated using data gathered from employees in chosen retail shops operated in India. In addition, the structural equation modelling has been used to study the link between the variables suggested by evaluating the measurement and the structural models.FindingsThe study revealed that robust measurement techniques were used to measure EB, TQHRM and sustainable employability outcome variables. The initial findings of the investigation showed that three of the hypotheses suggested were supported. Furthermore, the study concluded that TQHRM partially mediates the EB effect on sustainable employability outcomes.Research limitations/implicationsConsultants, practitioners and management can leverage the results of this research for sustainable employability through the integration of TQHRM and employee branding strategies.Originality/valueThe study explored the dynamics of employee quality management practices (EB and HRM) on service employee attitudes and behaviours through a mediating variable (TQHRM) practices. This is a unique contribution to the organized retailers in increasing the level of implementation of TQHRM practices, which can balance the attrition rates.
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Sinclair MA, Henshaw MJD, Henshaw SL. On building sustainable communities: A perspective for HFE practitioners. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 96:103476. [PMID: 34139372 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper is aimed mainly at Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE) practitioners. It addresses the sustainability of communities, since without them there is no real human future. It also fits current concerns about climate change and general sustainability. However, our understanding of the characteristics of sustainable communities is still insufficient, as is evidenced by the different perspectives extant in the HFE literature. This paper provides a further perspective based on systems ergonomics, intended both to extend our socio-technical understanding and to assist HFE practitioners in contributing to a broad approach by which to contribute to the never-ending renewal process for these communities. Without such an approach many communities will become unsustainable, with collapse as their end, as Tainter originally, icily, explained (Tainter 1988). The paper begins with a definition of a 'sustainable community', including its legal basis. Its sustainability goals are outlined, based mainly on principles of social justice, since without people there is no community. Then there is a discussion of the characteristics of sustainable communities, the classes of resources available to maintain sustainability, and some of the complexities and hindrances to this maintenance. The last sections link this conceptual landscape to HFE practice by outlining approaches and processes that move from the conceptual landscape in this paper to current practice.
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Eliasson K, Dahlgren G, Hellman T, Lewis C, Palm P, Svartengren M, Nyman T. Company Representatives' Experiences of Occupational Health Surveillance for Workers Exposed to Hand-Intensive Work: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18042018. [PMID: 33669705 PMCID: PMC7922478 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure assessment seldom precedes the medical health checks in occupational health surveillance. In order to emphasize the interconnection between exposure assessment and medical health checks, a process model was developed. The process model aimed to guide employers and Occupational Health Service providers through the execution of occupational health surveillance. The objective of this qualitative study is to explore company representatives’ experiences of the process model, in terms of feasibility and values, and to identify factors that facilitate or impede the process. Thirty-three company representatives from ten companies were interviewed. Interviews were analyzed using content analysis. The company representatives experienced that the model contributed to increased risk awareness and understanding of the exposure effects on workers’ health. They valued the exposure assessments performed by an ergonomics expert, which led to the discovery of previously unidentified risks. The feasibility was facilitated by: a joint start-up meeting in which the process was planned, clear communication between the involved parties, and clarity regarding the process ownership. The findings reveal that a guiding process model is valuable for the execution of occupational health surveillance. However, the model should not only define the components included; a practical guide concerning how the process can be executed is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Eliasson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.H.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-18-6115411
| | - Gunilla Dahlgren
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; (G.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Therese Hellman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.H.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.N.)
| | - Charlotte Lewis
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; (G.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Peter Palm
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.H.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.N.)
| | - Magnus Svartengren
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.H.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.N.)
| | - Teresia Nyman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.H.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.N.)
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Zare M, Bodin J, Sagot JC, Roquelaure Y. Quantification of Exposure to Risk Postures in Truck Assembly Operators: Neck, Back, Arms and Wrists. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176062. [PMID: 32825386 PMCID: PMC7503406 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study assessed the proportion of time in risky postures for the main joints of the upper limbs in a truck assembly plant and explored the association with musculoskeletal symptoms. Fourteen workstations (13 individuals) of a truck assembly plant were selected, and seven sensors were placed on the body segments of the participants. The sensors included tri-axial accelerometers for the arms and back, inclinometers for the neck and electro-goniometry for quantifying flexion/extension of the right and left hands. The proportions of time in moderate awkward postures were high at all workstations. Neck and wrist excessive awkward postures were observed for most workstations. The average values of the 91st percentile for back flexion and right/left arm elevation were 25°, 62°, and 57°, respectively. The 91st and 9th percentile averages for neck flexion/extension were 35.9° and −4.7°, respectively. An insignificant relationship was found between the percentage of time spent in awkward upper limb posture and musculoskeletal symptoms. The findings provide objective and quantitative data about time exposure, variability, and potential risk factors in the real workplace. Quantitative measurements in the field provide objective data of the body postures and movements of tasks that can be helpful in the musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) prevention program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Zare
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France; (J.B.); (Y.R.)
- ERCOS Group (Pôle), Laboratory of ELLIAD-EA4661, UTBM-University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Belfort 90001, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-7-8772-2141
| | - Julie Bodin
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France; (J.B.); (Y.R.)
| | - Jean-Claude Sagot
- ERCOS Group (Pôle), Laboratory of ELLIAD-EA4661, UTBM-University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Belfort 90001, France;
| | - Yves Roquelaure
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France; (J.B.); (Y.R.)
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Farid M, Purdy N, Neumann WP. Using system dynamics modelling to show the effect of nurse workload on nurses' health and quality of care. ERGONOMICS 2020; 63:952-964. [PMID: 31696791 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2019.1690674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the current study is to explore System Dynamics modelling to quantify and understand the effects of nursing workload on nurse burnout, absenteeism, and quality of patient care. A literature search was performed to identify the causal relationships between factors related to the problem and build a conceptual causal loop diagram. Each of these factors was then operationalised and a simulation model was built using quantitative empirical data from the literature, supplemented with expert input. The model results showed that long nurse shifts and work weeks double nurse fatigue levels, while increasing burnout by up to 6 times, absenteeism by up to 5 times, and medical errors for the patients increasing by up to 150%. The study demonstrates a novel application of System Dynamics in healthcare to examine the impact of management strategies and healthcare system design on nurses' wellbeing and on care quality. Practitioner summary: System Dynamics Modelling allows for the integration of available scientific evidence and expertise to reveal the relationship between nurse workload, burnout and care quality in terms of medical errors. Such models can reveal possible responses from proposed policy or system design changes that could not be quantified with conventional approaches. Abbreviations: HF: human factors; SD: system dynamics; CLD: causal loop diagram; OFAT: one factor at a time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashal Farid
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy Purdy
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - W Patrick Neumann
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Yung M, Kolus A, Wells R, Neumann WP. Examining the fatigue-quality relationship in manufacturing. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2020; 82:102919. [PMID: 31450046 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A recent systematic review identified 73 empirical studies that linked human factors (HF) with manufacturing quality. Human fatigue was noted as a frequent (n = 26) issue in the HF-quality relationship - a finding that warrants closer examination. We extend this review by investigating the relationship between fatigue and manufacturing quality by identifying how fatigue has been conceptualized and measured, and we attempted to quantify their relationship. From the original database, 12 of 26 relevant studies (46%) indicated that physical fatigue was the primary contributor to observed quality deficits. There was a positive relationship between fatigue and quality deficits, with fatigue accounting up to 42% of the variance. More studies are needed to improve the resolution, specificity, and power of these analyses. This study sheds light on the role of HF and human fatigue effects on manufacturing quality with macroergonomic implications for embedding HF aspects into design and quality assurance processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Yung
- Canadian Institute for Safety, Wellness, & Performance, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Ahmet Kolus
- Department of Systems Engineering, College of Computer Science & Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard Wells
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - W Patrick Neumann
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Greig MA, Village J, Dixon SM, Salustri FA, Neumann WP. Assessing human factors and ergonomics capability in organisations - the Human Factors Integration Toolset. ERGONOMICS 2019; 62:1254-1272. [PMID: 31466512 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2019.1572228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a tool that allows an organisation to assess its level of human factors (HF) and ergonomics integration and maturity within the organisation. The Human Factors Integration Toolset (available at: https://www.researchgate.net/project/Human-Factors-Integration-Toolset ) has been developed and validated through a series of workshops with 45 participants from industry and academia and through industry partnered field-testing. HF maturity is assessed across five levels in 16 organisational functions based on any of 31 discrete elements contributing to HF. Summing element scores in a function determines a percent of ideal HF for the function. Industry stakeholders engaged in field-testing found the tool helped to establish the status of HF in the organisation, plan projects to further develop HF capabilities, and initiate discussions on HF for performance and well-being. Improvement suggestions included adding an IT function, refining the language for non-HF specialists, including knowledge work and creating a digital version to improve usability. Practitioner summary: A tool scoring HF capability in 16 organisation functions has been developed collaboratively. Industry stakeholders expressed a need for the tool and provided validation of tool design decisions. Field-testing improved tool usability and showed that beyond scoring HF capability, the tool created opportunities for discussions of HF-related improvement possibilities. Abbreviations: HF: human factors; HFIT: Human Factors Integration Toolset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Greig
- Human Factors Engineering Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Judy Village
- Human Factors Engineering Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Shane M Dixon
- Human Factors Engineering Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Filippo A Salustri
- Human Factors Engineering Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - W Patrick Neumann
- Human Factors Engineering Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University , Toronto , ON , Canada
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18
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Patrick Neumann W, Steege LM, Jun GT, Wiklund M. Ergonomics and Human Factors in Healthcare System Design – An Introduction to This Special Issue. IISE Trans Occup Ergon Hum Factors 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24725838.2018.1560927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Patrick Neumann
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linsey M. Steege
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Michael Wiklund
- Emergo by UL, Concord, MA, USA
- Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
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19
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Kolus A, Wells R, Neumann P. Production quality and human factors engineering: A systematic review and theoretical framework. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2018; 73:55-89. [PMID: 30098643 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to systematically examine available empirical evidence on the impact of human factors (HF) in the design and management of manufacturing operations on system quality performance. A systematic review was conducted to map the linkages between the human-system fit in the design of operations systems (OS) with production quality. A total of 73 empirical studies were identified linking HF to OS performance in manufacturing. Quality risk factors included HF aspects in product design, process design and workstation design of the manufacturing OS. Quality deficits were associated with undesirable human effects of workload like fatigue and injury-related risk factors. Forty-six percent of the studies reported on efforts to improve HF in the OS with effect sizes for quality improvements reaching up to 86%. The paper documents available quality risk factors in the design of OS. It also provides a conceptual framework explaining HF-Quality linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Kolus
- Systems Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Richard Wells
- Kinesiology Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Centre of Research Expertise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders (CRE-MSD), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Patrick Neumann
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; Centre of Research Expertise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders (CRE-MSD), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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20
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Evaluating the Impacts of Health, Social Network and Capital on Craft Efficiency and Productivity: A Case Study of Construction Workers in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020345. [PMID: 29462861 PMCID: PMC5858414 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The construction industry has been recognized, for many years, as among those having a high likelihood of accidents, injuries and occupational illnesses. Such risks of construction workers can lead to low productivity and social problems. As a result, construction workers’ well-being should be highly addressed to improve construction workers’ efficiency and productivity. Meanwhile, the social support from a social network and capital (SNC) of construction workers has been considered as an effective approach to promote construction workers’ physical and mental health (P&M health), as well as their work efficiency and productivity. Based on a comprehensive literature review, a conceptual model, which aims to improve construction workers’ efficiency and productivity from the perspective of health and SNC, was proposed. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the construction workers’ health, SNC and work efficiency and productivity in Nanjing, China. A structural equation model (SEM) was employed to test the three hypothetical relationships among construction workers’ P&M health, SNC and work efficiency and productivity. The results indicated that the direct impacts from construction workers’ P&M health on work efficiency and productivity were more significant than that from the SNC. In addition, the construction workers’ social capital and the network can indirectly influence the work efficiency and productivity by affecting the construction workers’ P&M health. Therefore, strategies for enhancing construction workers’ efficiency and productivity were proposed. Furthermore, many useable suggestions can be drawn from the research findings from the perspective of a government. The identified indicators and relationships would contribute to the construction work efficiency and productivity assessment and health management from the perspective of the construction workers.
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Yazdani A, Hilbrecht M, Imbeau D, Bigelow P, Neumann WP, Pagell M, Wells R. Key Informants' Perspectives: Management Commitment, Training, and Worker Participation in the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders. IISE Trans Occup Ergon Hum Factors 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/24725838.2017.1386142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Yazdani
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Margo Hilbrecht
- Canadian Index of Wellbeing, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Imbeau
- Département de Mathématiques et de Génie Industriel, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philip Bigelow
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - W. Patrick Neumann
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Pagell
- Smurfit Graduate School of Business, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard Wells
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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22
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Andersen SN, Broberg O. A framework of knowledge creation processes in participatory simulation of hospital work systems. ERGONOMICS 2017; 60:487-503. [PMID: 27416982 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2016.1212999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Participatory simulation (PS) is a method to involve workers in simulating and designing their own future work system. Existing PS studies have focused on analysing the outcome, and minimal attention has been devoted to the process of creating this outcome. In order to study this process, we suggest applying a knowledge creation perspective. The aim of this study was to develop a framework describing the process of how ergonomics knowledge is created in PS. Video recordings from three projects applying PS of hospital work systems constituted the foundation of process mining analysis. The analysis resulted in a framework revealing the sources of ergonomics knowledge creation as sequential relationships between the activities of simulation participants sharing work experiences; experimenting with scenarios; and reflecting on ergonomics consequences. We argue that this framework reveals the hidden steps of PS that are essential when planning and facilitating PS that aims at designing work systems. Practitioner Summary: When facilitating participatory simulation (PS) in work system design, achieving an understanding of the PS process is essential. By applying a knowledge creation perspective and process mining, we investigated the knowledge-creating activities constituting the PS process. The analysis resulted in a framework of the knowledge-creating process in PS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ole Broberg
- a DTU Management Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
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23
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Bolis I, Sznelwar LI. A case study of the implementation of an ergonomics improvement committee in a Brazilian hospital--Challenges and benefits. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2016; 53 Pt A:181-189. [PMID: 26464035 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses the creation of an improvement committee (IC) to implement policies aimed at improving working conditions in a public health institution in the city of São Paulo. Suggestions were proposed for future implementations of this organizational mechanism, pursuant to the presentation of the process of its formation and the main results achieved. The findings led to the conclusion that good outcomes require autonomy and support from management, and the adoption of effective measures to improve and legitimize the improvement committee's existence. Another important issue is facilitating worker involvement and creating a locus for dialog among people with different visions within the organization. Thus, two approaches converge: a top-down approach in which policies are defined and improvement actions are actually implemented based on a general outlook of the production and work system, and a bottom-up approach specific to employees who are also engaged in improvement policies and in putting them into practice. It is also possible to point out problems and opportunities arising from actual work situations to the higher levels of management. This kind of approach fits with macroergonomics, because it integrates strategy, organization and work issues. It is possible to discuss the benefits of this approach for companies and provide conditions for workers to engage effectively in these processes. In conclusion, these proposals can be considered from an emancipatory perspective, given that different actors should be able to codetermine working conditions and work content, thus directly influencing their individual and collective experiences. The support and commitment of upper management are essential elements of success in maximizing the effectiveness of this organizational approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Bolis
- Department of Production Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Laerte I Sznelwar
- Department of Production Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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24
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Neumann WP, Kolus A, Wells RW. Human Factors in Production System Design and Quality Performance – A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.07.830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Yazdani A, Neumann WP, Imbeau D, Bigelow P, Pagell M, Wells R. Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders within management systems: A scoping review of practices, approaches, and techniques. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2015; 51:255-262. [PMID: 26154224 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify and summarize the current research evidence on approaches to preventing musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) within Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS). Databases in business, engineering, and health and safety were searched and 718 potentially relevant publications were identified and examined for their relevance. Twenty-one papers met the selection criteria and were subjected to thematic analysis. There was very little literature describing the integration of MSD risk assessment and prevention into management systems. This lack of information may isolate MSD prevention, leading to difficulties in preventing these disorders at an organizational level. The findings of this review argue for further research to integrate MSD prevention into management systems and to evaluate the effectiveness of the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Yazdani
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada; Centre of Research Expertise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders (CRE-MSD), 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - W Patrick Neumann
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Daniel Imbeau
- Département de Mathématiques et de Génie Industriel, École Polytechnique de Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Philip Bigelow
- Centre of Research Expertise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders (CRE-MSD), 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada; School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mark Pagell
- Smurfit Graduate School of Business, University College Dublin, Carysfort Avenue, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard Wells
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada; Centre of Research Expertise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders (CRE-MSD), 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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26
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ZARE M, MALINGE-OUDENOT A, HÖGLUND R, BIAU S, ROQUELAURE Y. Evaluation of ergonomic physical risk factors in a truck manufacturing plant: case study in SCANIA Production Angers. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2015; 54:163-176. [PMID: 26423331 PMCID: PMC4821900 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2015-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were 1) to assess the ergonomic physical risk factors from practitioner's viewpoint in a truck assembly plant with an in-house observational method and the NIOSH lifting equation, and 2) to compare the results of both methods and their differences. The in-house ergonomic observational method for truck assembly i.e. the SCANIA Ergonomics Standard (SES) and the NIOSH lifting equation were applied to evaluate physical risk factors and lifting of loads by operators. Both risk assessment approaches revealed various levels of risk, ranging from low to high. Two workstations were identified by the SES method as high risk. The NIOSH lifting index (LI) was greater than two for four lifting tasks. The results of the SES method disagreed with the NIOSH lifting equation for lifting tasks. Moreover, meaningful variations in ergonomic risk patterns were found for various truck models at each workstation. These results provide a better understanding of the physical ergonomic exposure from practitioner's point of view in the automotive assembly plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen ZARE
- Laboratory of Ergonomic and Epidemiology in Occupational
Health (LEEST), University of Angers, France
| | | | | | - Sophie BIAU
- Laboratory of Ergonomic and Epidemiology in Occupational
Health (LEEST), University of Angers, France
- French Institute of Equitation, National School of
Equitation, Saumur Cedex, France
| | - Yves ROQUELAURE
- Laboratory of Ergonomic and Epidemiology in Occupational
Health (LEEST), University of Angers, France
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27
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Village J, Searcy C, Salustri F, Patrick Neumann W. Design for human factors (DfHF): a grounded theory for integrating human factors into production design processes. ERGONOMICS 2015; 58:1529-1546. [PMID: 25708556 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1022232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The 'design for human factors' grounded theory explains 'how' human factors (HF) went from a reactive, after-injury programme in safety, to being proactively integrated into each step of the production design process. In this longitudinal case study collaboration with engineers and HF Specialists in a large electronics manufacturer, qualitative data (e.g. meetings, interviews, observations and reflections) were analysed using a grounded theory methodology. The central tenet in the theory is that when HF Specialists acclimated to the engineering process, language and tools, and strategically aligned HF to the design and business goals of the organisation, HF became a means to improve business performance. This led to engineers 'pulling' HF Specialists onto their team. HF targets were adopted into engineering tools to communicate HF concerns quantitatively, drive continuous improvement, visibly demonstrate change and lead to benchmarking. Senior management held engineers accountable for HF as a key performance indicator, thus integrating HF into the production design process. Practitioner Summary: Research and practice lack explanations about how HF can be integrated early in design of production systems. This three-year case study and the theory derived demonstrate how ergonomists changed their focus to align with design and business goals to integrate HF into the design process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Village
- a Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering , Ryerson University , 350 Victoria St, Toronto , ON , Canada M5B 2K3
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28
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Radjiyev A, Qiu H, Xiong S, Nam K. Ergonomics and sustainable development in the past two decades (1992-2011): Research trends and how ergonomics can contribute to sustainable development. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2015; 46 Pt A:67-75. [PMID: 25085643 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The need for sustainable development has been widely recognized and sustainable development has become a hot topic of various disciplines even though the role of ergonomics in it is seldom reported or considered. This study conducts a systematic survey of research publications in the fields of ergonomics and sustainable development over the past two decades (1992-2011), in order to identify their research trends and convergent areas where ergonomics can play an important role in sustainable development. The results show that 'methods and techniques', 'human characteristics', 'work design and organization', 'health and safety' and 'workplace and equipment design' are the top five frequently researched areas in ergonomics. Ergonomics has an opportunity to contribute its knowledge especially to 'industrial and product design', 'architecture', 'health and safety' and 'HCI' (especially for energy reduction issues) categories of sustainable development. Typical methodologies and general guidance on how to contribute the expertise of ergonomist to sustainable development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayubkhon Radjiyev
- Department of Human and Systems Engineering, School of Design and Human Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan Metropolitan City 689-798, South Korea
| | - Hai Qiu
- Department of Human and Systems Engineering, School of Design and Human Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan Metropolitan City 689-798, South Korea
| | - Shuping Xiong
- Department of Human and Systems Engineering, School of Design and Human Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan Metropolitan City 689-798, South Korea.
| | - KyungHyun Nam
- Department of Human and Systems Engineering, School of Design and Human Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan Metropolitan City 689-798, South Korea
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Village J, Greig M, Salustri F, Zolfaghari S, Neumann WP. An ergonomics action research demonstration: integrating human factors into assembly design processes. ERGONOMICS 2014; 57:1574-1589. [PMID: 25031026 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2014.938128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In action research (AR), the researcher participates 'in' the actions in an organisation, while simultaneously reflecting 'on' the actions to promote learning for both the organisation and the researchers. This paper demonstrates a longitudinal AR collaboration with an electronics manufacturing firm where the goal was to improve the organisation's ability to integrate human factors (HF) proactively into their design processes. During the three-year collaboration, all meetings, workshops, interviews and reflections were digitally recorded and qualitatively analysed to inform new 'actions'. By the end of the collaboration, HF tools with targets and sign-off by the HF specialist were integrated into several stages of the design process, and engineers were held accountable for meeting the HF targets. We conclude that the AR approach combined with targeting multiple initiatives at different stages of the design process helped the organisation find ways to integrate HF into their processes in a sustainable way. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY Researchers acted as a catalyst to help integrate HF into the engineering design process in a sustainable way. This paper demonstrates how an AR approach can help achieve HF integration, the benefits of using a reflective stance and one method for reporting an AR study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Village
- a Human Factors Engineering Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering , Ryerson University , Toronto , Canada
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30
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Village J, Greig M, Zolfaghari S, Salustri F, Neumann WP. Adapting Engineering Design Tools to Include Human Factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/21577323.2014.905884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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