1
|
Wu H, Zhou R, Zhao L, Qiu J, Guo C. Neural bases underlying the association between balanced time perspective and trait anxiety. Behav Brain Res 2019; 359:206-214. [PMID: 30408512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aims of present study were to investigate the association between balanced time perspective (BTP) and trait anxiety, and the neural substrates underlying this association using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) methods. 140 college students (83 females) ranging in age from 17 to 25 years were assessed on deviation from the balanced time perspective (DBTP) and trait anxiety. Behavioral analyses found BTP could significantly predict trait anxiety after controlling age and gender. Whole-brain VBM analyses found that DBTP was positively correlated with gray matter volume (GMV) in the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) and precuneus, while trait anxiety positively correlated with GMV in the PHG. Considering the overlapping region in the PHG, we further defined the overlapping region as the seed, and calculated seed-to-voxel-based functional connectivity in resting-state. RSFC results showed that DBTP was positively associated with the RSFC between the PHG and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and precuneus, whereas negatively correlated with the RSFC between the PHG and cuneus. Trait anxiety was also positively correlated with the RSFC between the PHG and PCC while negatively correlated with the RSFC between the PHG and cuneus. Mediation analysis further found GMV in the overlapping PHG and PHG-PCC, PHG-cuneus functional connectivity played significantly mediating roles in the relation between DBTP and trait anxiety. In sum, our research suggests the structural features of the PHG and its connectivity with PCC and cuneus may be the neural bases underlying the association between BTP and trait anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Wu
- The Lab of Mental Health and Social Adaptation, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Research Center of Mental Health Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Renhui Zhou
- The Lab of Mental Health and Social Adaptation, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Research Center of Mental Health Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Le Zhao
- School of Education, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Junjie Qiu
- School of Educational Science, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- The Lab of Mental Health and Social Adaptation, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Research Center of Mental Health Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Choi SH, An SC, Lee US, Yun JY, Jang JH, Kang DH. In-Depth Relationships between Emotional Intelligence and Personality Traits in Meditation Practitioners. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 16:391-397. [PMID: 30466211 PMCID: PMC6245287 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2018.16.4.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective Meditation can elicit trait-like changes in psychological and social styles, as well as enhancement of emotional regulatory capacity. We investigated the relation between personality traits and emotional intelligence in meditation practitioners. Methods Seventy-two long-term practitioners of mind-body training (MBT) and 62 healthy comparative individuals participated in the study. The participants completed emotional intelligence questionnaires and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Results The MBT group revealed higher scores on all five emotional intelligence factors than did those in the control group, such as emotional awareness and expression, empathy, emotional thinking, emotional application, and emotional regulation (all p≤0.001). MBT practitioners also had higher scores on the intuition of perceiving function (t=−2.635, p=0.010) and on the feeling of the judging function (t=−3.340, p=0.001) of the MBTI compared with those in the control group. Only the MBT group showed a robust relationship with every factor of emotional intelligence and MBTI-defined intuitive styles, indicating that higher scores of emotional intelligence were related to higher scores for intuition. Conclusion Emotional intelligence of meditation practitioners showed notable relationships with some features of personality trait. In-depth associations between emotional intelligence and personality traits would help to foster psychological functions in meditation practitioners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Hee Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Human Behavioral Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Ul Soon Lee
- Department of Brain Education, Global Cyber University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Hwan Jang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Human Behavioral Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Munawar K, Tariq O. Exploring Relationship Between Spiritual Intelligence, Religiosity and Life Satisfaction Among Elderly Pakistani Muslims. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2018; 57:781-795. [PMID: 28110428 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study is an effort to explore the relationship between spiritual intelligence, religiosity and life satisfaction in elderly Pakistani Muslims. A non-probability purposive sampling technique is utilized in order to recruit a sample of 100 elderly people (n = 50 men; n = 50 = women). Standardized questionnaires were used for collecting data. Data analysis was carried out using Pearson product-moment correlation analysis and independent sample t test. Findings revealed a significant correlation between spiritual intelligence, religiosity and life satisfaction among Pakistani elderly Muslim people. Gender differences were considered while conducting the study, and findings are valid for both male and female elderly Pakistani Muslims. Some findings of this study endorse findings of some previous studies, and it adds latest insights to the existing body of knowledge on the subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadeeja Munawar
- Department of Psychology, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue, The Mall, Wah Cantt, Pakistan.
- Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Omama Tariq
- Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kövi Z, Odler V, Gacsályi S, Hittner JB, Hevesi K, Hübner A, Aluja A. Sense of coherence as a mediator between personality and depression. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
5
|
Logue CT, Lounsbury JW, Gupta A, Leong FTL. Vocational Interest Themes and Personality Traits in Relation to College Major Satisfaction of Business Students. JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0894845306297348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Based on 164 undergraduate business majors, we examined the relationship between satisfaction with major and Holland’s vocational interests and with the Big Five and narrow personality traits. Contrary to our hypothesis, enterprising scores were unrelated to major satisfaction. As hypothesized, using ipsative and normative scores, investigative, artistic, and realistic interests were negatively related to major satisfaction. As hypothesized, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and optimism were positively related to major satisfaction, as were extra-version and assertiveness. A stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that 49% of the variance in major satisfaction could be accounted for by a combination of vocational interest themes and personality traits. Implications were drawn for theory and practice, including support for Holland’s continuity principle, adding personality traits to Holland’s vocational theory, and using vocational interest and normal personality trait measures in student advising and career counseling. Study limitations and implications for future research were noted.
Collapse
|
6
|
Vincent N, Ward L, Denson L. Promoting post-conventional consciousness in leaders: Australian community leadership programs. THE LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
7
|
van Ittersum K, Wansink B. Extraverted children are more biased by bowl sizes than introverts. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78224. [PMID: 24205166 PMCID: PMC3813503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraverted children are hypothesized to be most at risk for over-serving and overeating due to environmental cues--such as the size of dinnerware. A within-subject field study of elementary school students found that extraverted children served themselves 33.1% more cereal in larger bowls (16-oz) than in smaller (12-oz) bowls, whereas introverted children were unaffected by bowl size (+5.6%, ns). However, when children were asked by adults how much cereal they wanted to eat, both extraverted and introverted children requested more cereal when given a large versus small bowl. Insofar as extraverted children appear to be more biased by environmental cues, this pilot study suggests different serving styles are recommended for parents and other caregivers. They should serve extraverts, but allow introverts to serve themselves. Still, since the average child still served 23.2% more when serving themselves than when served by an adult, it might be best for caregivers to do the serving whenever possible--especially for extraverted children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koert van Ittersum
- Department of Marketing, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brian Wansink
- Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Personality Preferences and Their Relationship to Ego Development in Australian Leadership Program Participants. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-013-9171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
9
|
Valiente C, Prados JM, Gómez D, Fuentenebro F. Metacognitive beliefs and psychological well-being in paranoia and depression. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2012; 17:527-43. [PMID: 22530974 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2012.670504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the growing interest in the effects of metacognitive beliefs and psychological well-being on psychiatric conditions, little is known about how these two variables interact in clinical samples. The central aim of this study was to investigate the role of some metacognitive beliefs in the relationship between psychological well-being dimensions and psychopathology. METHODS Fifty-five participants with persecutory delusions diagnosed with schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, 38 participants with a major depressive episode, and 44 healthy controls completed the 30-item short form of the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30) and the 54-item form of the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being (PWB). RESULTS MANCOVA analyses revealed group differences on four subscales of PWB (self-acceptance, autonomy, personal growth, and environmental mastery), as well as on three subscales of MCQ-30 (uncontrollability of worry, need to control thoughts, and lack of memory confidence). Moderation analyses showed the interaction between persecutory thinking and cognitive self-consciousness to be a predictor of psychological well-being. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that psychological well-being is particularly compromised in participants with a high level of persecutory thinking when they have low levels of cognitive self-consciousness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Valiente
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shin SJ, Kim KS, Lee DS. The effect of personal character on the results of clinical performance skill tests. KOREAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION 2011; 23:111-117. [PMID: 25812559 PMCID: PMC8814495 DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2011.23.2.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Even though many studies have indicated that the personality of medical students affects learning style and academic achievement, the effect of personality types on the performance skill tests has not been well known in the medical field due to the rarity of published papers. Thus, the aim of this study was to reveal the effect of personal traits on clinical skill performance tests. METHODS Fifty-seven fourth-grade medical students were enrolled in this study. They had all completed clinical performance tests. To assess personality types, we used the Korean version of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). RESULTS Fifty-five of 57 senior medical students responded completely to the MBTI questionnaire. The proportion of four paired MBTI dimensions was Introversion (I)-Extroversion (E) (67.3% vs. 32.7%), Sensing (S)-Intuition (I) (76.4% vs. 23.6%), Thinking (T)-Feeling (F) (61.8% vs. 38.2%), and Judging (J)-Perception (P) (56.4% vs. 43.6%). The dominant personality types were ISTJ (23.6%), ESTJ (14.5%), and ISTP (10.9%). The first objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) test showed higher scores in Extraversion, Judging, and Sensing-Judging types compared to the counterparts (p<0.05), but this effect was not observed in the second OSCE test. On the clinical performance examination, Extraversion, Sensing, and Judging types had a higher score, as measured by standardized patients. CONCLUSION Specific personal traits affect the test scores of the clinical performance skill examinations. So, personality measurement might be a useful tool for understanding a student who has difficulty in performance tests. We hope this study will give valuable information to examiners when they instruct and counsel students about clinical performance tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Joon Shin
- Corresponding Author: Sung Joon Shin Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 410-773, Korea Tel: +82.31.961.7145 Fax: +82.31.961.7141 ,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chedraui P, Pérez-López FR, Mendoza M, Leimberg ML, Martinez MA, Vallarino V, Hidalgo L. Assessment of self-esteem in mid-aged women. Maturitas 2010; 66:77-82. [PMID: 20137871 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2010.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess self-esteem and affecting factors in a middle-aged Ecuadorian female population using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study in which 149 women (40-59 years) were requested to fill out the RSES and a general socio-demographic form containing personal and partner data. RESULTS Mean age of sample was 47.6+/-5.5 years, a 67.8% had less than 12 years of schooling and 33.6% were postmenopausal. At the moment of the survey 2.7% were on hormone therapy, and 2% were taking psychotropic drugs. Mean total RSES score was 26.6+/-3.1 (median 26, range 17-35). A 35.6% and 18.1% of women respectively presented total RSES scores below 26 (median) and 25 (25th percentile) suggesting lower self-esteem. Total scores did not differ when comparing older age, menopausal phases or time since the menopause. Logistic regression analysis determined that women with lower parity and an unhealthy partner were related to lower total RSES scores (below the 25th percentile) suggesting lower self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS In this mid-aged series lower self-esteem was not related to the aging process per se yet to socio-demographic female/male aspects. More research is needed in this regard that incorporates other sociological aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Chedraui
- Academic and Research Department, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Moore D. Self Perceptions and Social Misconceptions: The Implications of Gender Traits for Locus of Control and Life Satisfaction. SEX ROLES 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-007-9238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
13
|
Ghorbani N, Watson PJ, Krauss SW, Davison HK, Bing MN. Private Self-Consciousness Factors: Relationships With Need for Cognition, Locus of Control, and Obsessive Thinking in Iran and the United States. The Journal of Social Psychology 2004; 144:359-72. [PMID: 15279327 DOI: 10.3200/socp.144.4.359-372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The authors measured Internal State Awareness (ISA) and Self-Reflectiveness (SR) factors from the Private Self-Consciousness Scale in Iranian (N = 325) and U.S. (N = 401) university students. In both societies, positive correlations with Need for Cognition and Internal Control and negative correlations with external control and obsessive thinking confirmed ISA as an adaptive form of self-consciousness. In partial correlations in which the authors controlled for ISA, SR was associated cross-culturally with greater Obsessive Thinking. This outcome conformed with the authors' expectations that SR would have negative mental health implications, but other data revealed complexities in the SR association with adjustment. Differences between samples failed to yield any simple support for F. Fukuyama's (1992) suggestion that Iranians might be more "alienated" (pp. 236-237) in their psychological functioning. The present study most importantly offered cross-cultural evidence in favor of the claim that better measures of an introspective self-awareness need to be developed.
Collapse
|