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Ghosh D, Samal AK, Parida A, Ikbal M, Jana A, Jana R, Sahu PK, Giri S, Samanta S. Progress in Electrochemically Empowered C-O Bond Formation: Unveiling the Pathway of Efficient Green Synthesis. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400116. [PMID: 38584137 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
(C-X) bonds (X=C, N, O) are the main backbone for making different skeleton in the organic synthetic transformations. Among all the sustainable techniques, electro-organic synthesis for C-X bond formation is the advanced tool as it offers a greener and more cost-effective approach to chemical reactions by utilizing electrons as reagents. In this review, we want to explore the recent advancements in electrochemical C-O bond formation. The electrochemically driven C-O bond formation represents an emerging and exciting area of research. In this context, electrochemical techniques offers numerous advantages, including higher yields, cost-efficient production, and simplified work-up procedures. This method enables the continuous and consistent formation of C-O bonds in molecules, significantly enhancing overall reaction yields. Furthermore, both intramolecular and intermolecular C-O bond forming reaction provided valuable products of O-containing acyclic/cyclic analogue. Hence, carbonyl (C=O), ether -O-), and ester (-COOR) functionalization in both cyclic/acyclic analogues have been prepared continuously via this innovative pathway. In this context, we want to discuss one-decade electrochemical synthetic pathways of various C-O bond contains functional group in chronological manner. This review focused on all the synthetic aspects including mechanistic path and has also mentioned overall critical finding regarding the C-O bond formation via electrochemical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debosmit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Aroop Kumar Samal
- Department of Chemistry, C.V. Raman Global UniversityInstitution, Bhubaneswar, 752054, India
| | - Anita Parida
- Department of Chemistry, C.V. Raman Global UniversityInstitution, Bhubaneswar, 752054, India
| | - Mohammed Ikbal
- Department of Chemistry, Berhampore Girls' College, Berhampore, 742101, India
| | - Akash Jana
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Rathin Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Matangini Hazra Govt. General Degree College for women, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradeepta Kumar Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, C.V. Raman Global UniversityInstitution, Bhubaneswar, 752054, India
| | - Soumen Giri
- Department of Chemistry, C.V. Raman Global UniversityInstitution, Bhubaneswar, 752054, India
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Maier DIH, Bezuidenhoudt BCB, Marais C. Strategies in the synthesis of dibenzo[ b,f]heteropines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:700-718. [PMID: 37284586 PMCID: PMC10241096 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The dibenzo[b,f]azepine skeleton is important in the pharmaceutical industry, not only in terms of existing commercial antidepressants, anxiolytics and anticonvulsants, but also in reengineering for other applications. More recently, the potential of the dibenzo[b,f]azepine moiety in organic light emitting diodes and dye-sensitized solar cell dyes has been recognised, while catalysts and molecular organic frameworks with dibenzo[b,f]azepine derived ligands have also been reported. This review provides a brief overview of the different synthetic strategies to dibenzo[b,f]azepines and other dibenzo[b,f]heteropines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charlene Marais
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
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Mandal B, Karmakar I, Brahmachari G. An Updated Review on Biologically Promising Natural Oxepines. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200484. [PMID: 36039468 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Benzo-oxepines and dibenzo-oxepines, a unique class of naturally occurring secondary metabolites, are distributed mainly in plants and fungi and have received much attention from phytochemists and biologists based on their fascinating structural features and health-promoting functions. This review summarizes 100 oxepine derivatives comprising three categories: benzo-oxepine, dibenzo-oxepine, and pyrano-oxepine. Studies on various structural features and pharmacological activities of oxepine derivatives promote further in-depth research on these potent natural products. This review portrays the natural occurrence, bioactivity and biosynthesis of oxepines reported from 1984 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagirath Mandal
- Visva-Bharati University: Visva-Bharati, Chemistry, Siksha-Bhavana, Santiniketan, West Bnegal, 731235, Santiniketan, INDIA
| | - Indrajit Karmakar
- Visva-Bharati University: Visva-Bharati, Chemistry, Siksha-Bhavana, 731235, Santiniketan, INDIA
| | - Goutam Brahmachari
- Visva-Bharati University: Visva-Bharati, Chemistry, Siksha Bhavana Street, 731 235, Santiniketan, INDIA
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Nallapati S, Tseng MF, Chen PL, Chuang SC. Phosphine-Mediated [4 + 3] Annulation of Diynoates and 2-Arylidene Indane-1,3-diones: Access of Indeno[1,2- b]oxepin-4-ylidenes and Beyond. Org Lett 2022; 24:2993-2997. [PMID: 35442699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel unprecedented triphenylphosphine-mediated [4 + 3] annulation reaction of 2-benzylidene indane-1,3-diones and -diynoates through initial phosphine α-addition was discovered and found to result in biologically interesting indeno[1,2-b]oxepin-4-ylidenes in up to 75% yield. The seven-membered separable Z and E isomeric oxepins were confirmed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sureshbabu Nallapati
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Min-Feng Tseng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Ling Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30050 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Ching Chuang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Rafiee F, Hasani S. Exciting progress in the transition metal‐catalyzed synthesis of oxepines, benzoxepines, dibenzoxepines, and other derivatives. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rafiee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University Tehran Iran
| | - Samira Hasani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University Tehran Iran
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Yadav S, Suresh S. N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Stetter Reaction to Access Dibenzo‐fused Seven‐membered Heterocycles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Yadav
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT) Hyderabad 500 007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 India
| | - Surisetti Suresh
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT) Hyderabad 500 007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 India
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Samikannu R, Sethuraman S, Akula N, Radhakrishnan V, Kamisetti S, Banu S, Vetrichelvan M, Gupta A, Li J, Rampulla R, Mathur A. Solvent-specific, DAST-mediated intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction: access to dibenzoxepine-fused spirooxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1760-1768. [PMID: 33538747 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02461a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A facile, DAST-mediated intramolecular cyclization of 3-hydroxy-3-(2-((3-methoxybenzyl)oxy)phenyl)indolin-2-one derivatives for the synthesis of spirooxindoles fused with dibenzoxepine moieties is described. The success of this reaction is highly dependent on the choice of solvent (promoted by DCM and 1,2-DCE) and the electronic nature of the pendant aromatic ring, which is favored by the presence of electron-donating substituents. The reaction is believed to proceed through an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts-type reaction. Various dibenzoxepine-fused spirooxindoles were successfully synthesized in up to 98% yield. This methodology provides libraries of structurally diverse and medicinally important small molecules that could aid in the search for new bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Samikannu
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560100, India.
| | - Sankaranarayanan Sethuraman
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560100, India.
| | - Nagaraja Akula
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560100, India.
| | - Vignesh Radhakrishnan
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560100, India.
| | - Srinivasarao Kamisetti
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560100, India.
| | - Shabana Banu
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560100, India.
| | - Muthalagu Vetrichelvan
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560100, India.
| | - Anuradha Gupta
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560100, India.
| | - Jianqing Li
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, 100 Binney St., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Richard Rampulla
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, USA
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560100, India. and Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, USA
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Ghosh A, Chattopadhyay SK. Microwave-mediated Synthesis of Medium Ring-sized Heterocyclic Compounds. CURRENT MICROWAVE CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213335607666200226101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Many medium ring-sized heterocyclic motifs are found in naturally occurring compounds
of significant biological activity which led to the investigation of the biological activity of simpler
heterocyclic compounds accommodating these ring systems. Therefore, the development of newer
synthetic methodologies to access such ring systems has remained an important activity over the last
few decades. However, common methods of their synthesis are usually associated with thermodynamic
disadvantages. Many metal-mediated transformations e.g., Heck reaction, Suzuki reaction, etc.
tend to overcome some of these effects but at the cost of environmental disadvantages. In recent
years, several green chemical techniques have found useful applications in the synthesis of such ring
systems. In particular, the use of microwave technology has provided better opportunities. The present
review attempts to highlight many synthetic approaches developed for the synthesis of such heterocyclic
scaffolds of pharmacological interest involving condensation reaction, coupling reaction,
Multi-component reaction, Cyclo-addition reaction, Dipolar cycloaddition reaction, etc. An emphasis
has also been given on the distinct advantages offered by microwave application over classical approaches,
wherever such knowledge is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, India
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Panda N, Mattan I, Ojha S, Purohit CS. Synthesis of medium-sized (6-7-6) ring compounds by iron-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation [corrected]. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7861-7870. [PMID: 30303228 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01496e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this report, we have described a FeCl3-catalyzed process involving intramolecular annulation of o-phenoxy diarylacetylenes via hydroarylation to afford a series of biologically potent fused seven-membered (6-7-6) ring compounds under mild reaction conditions. This reaction was believed to proceed through Friedel-Crafts type sequential carbometallation followed by protonation to produce phenyldibenz[b,f]oxepines. This method was also extended to synthesize seven-membered rings that are fused with coumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Panda
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha-769008, India.
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Iron(II) promoted direct synthesis of dibenzo[b,e]oxepin-11(6H)-one derivatives with biological activity. A short synthesis of doxepin. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Krawczyk H, Wrzesiński M, Mielecki D, Szczeciński P, Grzesiuk E. Synthesis of derivatives of methoxydibenzo[ b, f ]oxepine in the presence of sodium azide. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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12
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SanMartin R, Herrero MT, Domínguez E. New Copper, Palladium and Nickel Catalytic Systems: An Evolution towards More Efficient Procedures. CHEM REC 2016; 16:1082-95. [PMID: 27027861 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metal-catalysed reactions are a fundamental tool in synthetic chemistry. Increasingly challenging transformations can be accomplished only by means of certain metal catalysts. However, there still remains the need for a substantial decrease of the amount of catalyst, for better reuse or recycling of such active species, and for the avoidance of relatively toxic solvents in favour of environmentally friendly media. These facts apply to copper-, palladium-, and nickel-catalysed cross-coupling reactions, direct arylations, and oxidative processes. This account summarises our research on the last reactions, featuring an evolution towards more sustainable procedures in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul SanMartin
- Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena auzoa, z/g 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - María Teresa Herrero
- Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena auzoa, z/g 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Esther Domínguez
- Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena auzoa, z/g 48940, Leioa, Spain
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Chirkova ZV, Kabanova MV, Filimonov SI, Abramov IG. Synthesis of new seven-membered benzo-fused heterocyclic ortho-dicarbonitriles. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428015050188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bera K, Jalal S, Sarkar S, Jana U. FeCl3-catalyzed synthesis of functionally diverse dibenzo[b,f]oxepines and benzo[b]oxepines via alkyne–aldehyde metathesis. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:57-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41624k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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New short strategy for the synthesis of the dibenz[b,f]oxepin scaffold. Molecules 2013; 18:14797-806. [PMID: 24352054 PMCID: PMC6270238 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181214797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report a short and efficient synthesis of the dibenz[b,f]oxepin framework through intramolecular SNAr and McMurry reactions is described. The diaryl ethers required for the McMurry reaction have been obtained in good yields under microwave-assisted conditions of the reaction of salicylaldehydes with fluorobenzaldehydes without catalysts. Application of an intramolecular McMurry reaction to the synthesized diarylethers using TiCl4/Zn in THF gave the target dibenzo[b,f]oxepin system in 53%-55% yields.
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Bharath Y, Thirupathi B, Ranjit G, Mohapatra DK. An Efficient Synthesis of Dibenzo[b,f]oxepins by Ring-Closing Metathesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Doveston RG, Steendam R, Jones S, Taylor RJK. Total Synthesis of an Oxepine Natural Product, (±)-Janoxepin. Org Lett 2012; 14:1122-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol300039x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - René Steendam
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Stuart Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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Nishino H, Maemura Y, Tanoue Y. SYNTHESIS OF DIhydrodiBENZo[b,f]furo[2,3-d]OXEPINs AND RELATED REACTIONS. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cong Z, Miki T, Urakawa O, Nishino H. Synthesis of Dibenz[b,f]oxepins via Manganese(III)-Based Oxidative 1,2-Radical Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2009; 74:3978-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9002773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Cong
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Takumi Miki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Osamu Urakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Belen’kii L, Gramenitskaya V, Evdokimenkova Y. The Literature of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Part IX, 2002–2004. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(06)92004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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