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Dayton VJ, Beckman A, Linden M. Myeloid Sarcoma Expressing Keratins and Mimicking Carcinoma-Case Report and Literature Review. Lab Med 2021; 53:100-106. [PMID: 34388257 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Unusual presentations of otherwise common hematopoietic neoplasms are a well-recognized diagnostic challenge. Herein, we present a case study of a previously healthy 64 year old woman with myeloid sarcoma whose diagnosis was delayed by an unusual immunohistochemical staining pattern, including cytokeratin expression, by the neoplastic cells and by possible anchoring bias introduced by radiographic and flow cytometric immunophenotyping reports. This case study emphasizes the need to integrate clinical, radiographic, histologic, and immunophenotyping data for rapid and accurate tissue diagnoses while being wary of the lack of specificity for many common immunophenotypic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa J Dayton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical Center-Fairview, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amy Beckman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical Center-Fairview, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael Linden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical Center-Fairview, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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The therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of the intrauterine perfusion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on a thin-endometrium rat model. Life Sci 2020; 260:118439. [PMID: 32950574 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to investigate the effects of intrauterine perfusion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on a thin-endometrium rat model. MAIN METHODS Twenty rats in two groups of 10 were used. Group I was perfused with normal saline (NS) in the right uterine horn and 95% ethanol in the left one. Group II was bilaterally perfused with 95% ethanol into the uterine horns. After three estrous cycles, Group II was perfused with NS in the right uterine horn and G-CSF (30 μg/kg) in the left one. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were used to detect changes in endometrial thickness and expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) and vimentin (Vim). The relative expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf) and leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif) were also tested via reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western-blot analyses. KEY FINDINGS G-CSF treatment significantly increased the thickness of the endometrium in the 95% ethanol-induced thin-endometrium rat model. The expression levels of endometrial glandular epithelial cell marker for CK19 and stromal cell marker Vim were augmented in the G-CSF-treated group compared with the control group. Moreover, G-CSF treatment stimulated the expression of VEGF and LIF in the 95% ethanol-induced thin-endometrium rat model. SIGNIFICANCE G-CSF intrauterine perfusion improved endometrial receptivity in the thin-endometrium rat model by stimulating endometrial proliferation and angiogenesis.
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The first case of acute myeloid leukaemia/myeloid sarcoma with cytokeratin expression on blasts diagnosed on urine specimen. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2020; 14:343-347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Hartanti MD, Hummitzsch K, Bonner WM, Bastian NA, Irving-Rodgers HF, Rodgers RJ. Formation of the Bovine Ovarian Surface Epithelium during Fetal Development. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:113-126. [PMID: 31855103 PMCID: PMC7003494 DOI: 10.1369/0022155419896797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
When first formed, the ovary only has an established epithelium at its base or hilum. Later, an epithelium is established around the rest of the ovary. To examine this further, we conducted scanning electron microscopy of the surface of bovine fetal ovaries and immunohistochemistry of ovarian cross-sections. From the earliest time point, the cells on the surface of the base or hilum of the ovary were cuboidal. On the remainder of the ovary, the surface was more irregular. By mid-development, the surface was covered completely with either a stratified or simple epithelium of cuboidal cells. Clefts were observed in the surface and appeared to form due to the expansion of stroma surrounding each open ovigerous cord, elevating the areas surrounding each cord, while leaving the opening of the cord to form the base of each cleft. The continued expansion of the surrounding stroma below the surface appeared not only to close the ovigerous cords from the surface but to compress the clefts into the shape of a groove. Later, most of the ovarian surface was covered with a simple cuboidal epithelium. The changes to the ovarian surface during fetal development coincide with the remodeling of the stroma and cords below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica D. Hartanti
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School
of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide,
Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University,
Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Katja Hummitzsch
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School
of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide,
Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Wendy M. Bonner
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School
of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide,
Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nicole A. Bastian
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School
of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide,
Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Helen F. Irving-Rodgers
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School
of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide,
Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University,
Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia
| | - Raymond J. Rodgers
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School
of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide,
Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Willenbrock K, Fisseler-Eckhoff A. [Tumor infiltrates suspicious of carcinoma in mediastinal lymph nodes]. DER PATHOLOGE 2012; 33:560-2. [PMID: 23052351 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-012-1695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Myelosarcomas are, due to their rarity, a difficult differential diagnosis. Not infrequently, extensive immunohistochemical staining for characterization of the tumor is performed, if one does not directly think of myelosarcoma. In the present case, there was a positivity of the myeloid blasts for cytokeratin. This may complicate the discrimination of myelosarcoma from carcinoma, in particular small cell carcinoma, not only in the mediastinum, but also in the skin, e.g., Merkel cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Willenbrock
- Institut für Pathologie und Zytologie, Dr-Horst-Schmidt-Kliniken, Ludwig-Erhard-Str 100, 65199 Wiesbaden, Deutschland.
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Chen M, Kim Y, Huang Q, Chang K, Gaal KK, Weiss LM. Acute myeloid leukemia with an unusual histologic pattern mimicking metastatic carcinoma in bone marrow: a diagnostic pitfall. J Hematop 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-011-0090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Eyden B, Chakrabarty B, Hatimy U. Carcinoma Versus Cytokeratin-Positive Lymphoma: A Case Report Emphasizing the Diagnostic Role of Electron Microscopy. Ultrastruct Pathol 2009; 33:33-8. [DOI: 10.1080/01913120802625830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pileri SA, Ascani S, Cox MC, Campidelli C, Bacci F, Piccioli M, Piccaluga PP, Agostinelli C, Asioli S, Novero D, Bisceglia M, Ponzoni M, Gentile A, Rinaldi P, Franco V, Vincelli D, Pileri A, Gasbarra R, Falini B, Zinzani PL, Baccarani M. Myeloid sarcoma: clinico-pathologic, phenotypic and cytogenetic analysis of 92 adult patients. Leukemia 2006; 21:340-50. [PMID: 17170724 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare neoplasm whose knowledge is largely based on case reports and/or technically dated contributions. Ninety-two MSs in adulthood with clinical data available were evaluated both morphologically and immunohistochemically. Seventy-four cases were also studied by fluorescent in situ hybridization on tissue sections and/or conventional karyotyping on bone marrow or peripheral blood. Histologically, 50% of the tumors were of the blastic type, 43.5% either monoblastic or myelomonocytic and 6.5% corresponded to different histotypes. CD68/KP1 was the most commonly expressed marker (100%), followed by myeloperoxidase (83.6%), CD117 (80.4%), CD99 (54.3%), CD68/PG-M1 (51%), CD34 (43.4%), terminal-deoxy-nucleotidyl-transferase (31.5%), CD56 (13%), CD61/linker for activation of T cells (2.2%), CD30 (2.2%) and CD4 (1.1%). Foci of plasmacytoid monocyte differentiation were observed in intestinal cases carrying inv16. Chromosomal aberrations were detected in about 54% of cases: monosomy 7(10.8%), trisomy 8(10.4%) and mixed lineage leukemia-splitting (8.5%) were the commonest abnormalities, whereas t(8;21) was rare (2.2%). The behavior was dramatic irrespective of presentation, age, sex, phenotype and cytogenetics. Most if not all, long survivors received bone-marrow transplantation. The present report expands the spectrum of our knowledge showing that MS has frequent monoblastic/myelomonocytic differentiation, displays distinctive phenotypic profile, carries chromosomal aberrations other than t(8;21), and requires supra-maximal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Pileri
- Institute of Hematology and Clinical Oncology 'L and A Seràgnoli, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Abstract
Keratin expression in human tissues and neoplasms Keratin filaments constitute type I and type II intermediate filaments (IFs), with at least 20 subtypes named keratin 1-20. Since certain keratin subtypes are only expressed in some normal human tissues but not others, and vice versa, various tissues have been subclassified according to the pattern of keratin staining. Simple epithelia generally express the simple epithelial keratins 7, 18, 19, and 20, while complex epithelia express complex epithelial keratins 5/6, 10, 14, and 15. When an epithelium undergoes malignant transformation, its keratin profile usually remains constant. The constitution and expression patterns of keratin filaments in human epithelial neoplasms are complex and often distinctive. In this article, we first briefly review the molecular and cell biology of keratin filaments. We then focus on the expression patterns of keratin filaments in various human neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Chu
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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