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Du F, Wang M, Wang L, Li Y, Wang Y, Deng W, Yan W, Jin X. Catalytic Conversion of Polyoxymethylene with Bio-Derived Substrates: Kinetic Modeling on Solvent Enhancement Effect and Experimental Studies on Reaction Mechanism. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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2
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Lopez E, Thorp SC, Mohan RS. Bismuth(III) compounds as catalysts in organic synthesis: A mini review. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Villo P, Dalla-Santa O, Szabó Z, Lundberg H. Kinetic Analysis as an Optimization Tool for Catalytic Esterification with a Moisture-Tolerant Zirconium Complex. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6959-6969. [PMID: 32352291 PMCID: PMC7304901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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This work describes the use of kinetics
as a tool for rational
optimization of an esterification process with down to equimolar ratios
of reagents using a recyclable commercially available zirconocene
complex in catalytic amounts. In contrast to previously reported group
IV metal-catalyzed esterification protocols, the work presented herein
circumvents the use of water scavengers and perfluorooctane sulfonate
(PFOS) ligands. Insights into the operating mechanism are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piret Villo
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar Dalla-Santa
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Lundberg
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Beydoun K, Klankermayer J. Efficient Plastic Waste Recycling to Value-Added Products by Integrated Biomass Processing. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:488-492. [PMID: 31912617 PMCID: PMC7027741 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The industrial production of polymeric materials is continuously increasing, but sustainable concepts directing towards a circular economy remain rather elusive. The present investigation focuses on the recycling of polyoxymethylene polymers, facilitated through combined catalytic processing of polymer waste and biomass-derived diols. The integrated concept enables the production of value-added cyclic acetals, which can flexibly function as solvents, fuel additives, pharmaceutical intermediates, and even monomeric materials for polymerization reactions. Based on this approach, an open-loop recycling of these waste materials can be envisaged in which the carbon content of the polymer waste is efficiently utilized as a C1 building block, paving the way to unprecedented possibilities within a circular economy of polyoxymethylene polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassem Beydoun
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 252074AachenGermany
| | - Jürgen Klankermayer
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 252074AachenGermany
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5
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A highly selective Bi(OTf)3 mediated fragmentation-contraction of δ-ortholactones. A facile route to functionalized γ-lactones. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Synthesis of heteroarylated ketones via bismuth(III) triflate-promoted regioselective 1,4- and 1,6-additions of electron-rich heteroarenes to cyclic enones and dienones. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Transesterification of dimethyl carbonate and phenol to diphenyl carbonate with the bismuth compounds. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0467-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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8
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Metz TL, Lutovsky GA, Stanley LM. An Acid-Catalyzed Addition and Dehydration Sequence for the Synthesis of Heteroarylated Steroidal Dienes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:1643-1648. [PMID: 29298060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Additions of heteroarenes to hormone steroids containing an α,β-unsaturated ketone are reported. Additions of a range of electron-rich heteroarene nucleophiles, including indoles, a pyrrole, and a thiophene, to a variety of commercially available steroids and subsequent dehydration formed 3-heteroarylated steroidal dienes in up to 93% yield. This atom-economical reaction sequence occurs under mild reaction conditions in the presence of catalytic bismuth triflate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner L Metz
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Grace A Lutovsky
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Levi M Stanley
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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9
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Sandridge MJ, McLarney BD, Williams CW, France S. α-Alkylidene-γ-butyrolactone Formation via Bi(OTf) 3-Catalyzed, Dehydrative, Ring-Opening Cyclizations of Cyclopropyl Carbinols: Understanding Substituent Effects and Predicting E/Z Selectivity. J Org Chem 2017; 82:10883-10897. [PMID: 28876932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A Bi(OTf)3-catalyzed ring-opening cyclization of (hetero)aryl cyclopropyl carbinols to form α-alkylidene-γ-butyrolactones (ABLs) is reported. This transformation represents different chemoselectivity from previous reports that demonstrated formation of (hetero)aryl-fused cyclohexa-1,3-dienes upon acid-promoted cyclopropyl carbinol ring opening. ABLs are obtained in up to 89% yield with a general preference for the E-isomers. Mechanistically, Bi(OTf)3 serves as a stable and easy to handle precursor to TfOH. TfOH then catalyzes the formation of cyclopropyl carbinyl cations, which undergo ring opening, intramolecular trapping by the neighboring ester group, subsequent hydrolysis, and loss of methanol resulting in the formation of the ABLs. The nature and relative positioning of the substituents on both the carbinol and the cyclopropane determine both chemo- and stereoselective outcomes. Carbinol substituents determine the extent of cyclopropyl carbinyl cation formation. The cyclopropane donor substituents determine the overall reaction chemoselectivity. Weakly stabilizing or electron-poor donor groups provide better yields of the ABL products. In contrast, copious amounts of competing products are observed with highly stabilizing cyclopropane donor substituents. Finally, a predictive model for E/Z selectivity was developed using DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Sandridge
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Brett D McLarney
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Corey W Williams
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stefan France
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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10
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Metz TL, Evans J, Stanley LM. Catalytic Conjugate Addition of Electron-Rich Heteroarenes to β,β-Disubstituted Enones. Org Lett 2017. [PMID: 28650646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic conjugate additions of heteroarenes to β,β-disubstituted enones are reported. Additions of a range of heteroarene nucleophiles, including furans, indoles, a pyrrole, and a thiophene, to a variety of β,β-disubstituted enones occur to form the corresponding ketone products containing heteroarylated, all-carbon quaternary centers in up to 90% yield. These reactions occur under mild reaction conditions in the presence of low loadings of bismuth triflate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner L Metz
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Joshua Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Levi M Stanley
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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11
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Solyntjes S, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Ignat'ev N, Hoge B. Bismuth Perfluoroalkylphosphinates: New Catalysts for Application in Organic Syntheses. Chemistry 2016; 23:1568-1575. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Solyntjes
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, Fakultät für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, Fakultät für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, Fakultät für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Nikolai Ignat'ev
- Consultant Merck KGaA; Frankfurter Straße 250 64293 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Berthold Hoge
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, Fakultät für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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12
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Nammalwar B, Muddala NP, Bourne CR, Henry M, Bourne PC, Bunce RA, Barrow EW, Berlin KD, Barrow WW. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,4-diaminopyrimidine-based antifolate drugs against Bacillus anthracis. Molecules 2014; 19:3231-46. [PMID: 24642909 PMCID: PMC4016962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19033231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the innate ability of bacteria to develop resistance to available antibiotics, there is a critical need to develop new agents to treat more resilient strains. As a continuation of our research in this area, we have synthesized a series of racemic 2,4-diaminopyrimidine-based drug candidates, and evaluated them against Bacillus anthracis. The structures are comprised of a 2,4-diaminopyrimidine ring, a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl ring, and an N-acryloyl-substituted 1,2-dihydrophthalazine ring. Various changes were made at the C1 stereocenter of the dihydrophthalazine moiety in the structure, and the biological activity was assessed by measurement of the MIC and K(i) values to identify the most potent drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baskar Nammalwar
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, 107 Physical Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - N Prasad Muddala
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, 107 Physical Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - Christina R Bourne
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - Mary Henry
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - Philip C Bourne
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - Richard A Bunce
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, 107 Physical Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - Esther W Barrow
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - K Darrell Berlin
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, 107 Physical Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - William W Barrow
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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13
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Lombardo VM, Thomas CD, Scheidt KA. A Tandem Isomerization/Prins Strategy: Iridium(III)/Brønsted Acid Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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14
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Lombardo VM, Thomas CD, Scheidt KA. A tandem isomerization/prins strategy: iridium(III)/Brønsted acid cooperative catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12910-4. [PMID: 24218144 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Working together: A mild and efficient isomerization/protonation sequence generates pyran-fused indoles by cooperative catalysis between cationic iridium(III) and Bi(OTf)3 . Three distinct cyclization manifolds lead to the corresponding bioactive scaffolds in good yields. In addition, N-substituted indoles can be synthesized enantioselectively in the presence of a chiral phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince M Lombardo
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Chicago Tri-Institutional Center for Chemical Methods and Library Development (CT-CMLD), Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
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15
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Abstract
In recent years, the chemical potential of bismuth and bismuth compounds has been actively exploited. Bismuth salts are known for their low toxicity, making them potential valuable reagents for large-scale synthesis, which becomes more obvious when dealing with products such as active pharmaceutical ingredients or synthetic intermediates. Conversely, bismuth compounds have been widely used in medicine. After extensive use in the treatments of syphilis and other bacterial infections before the advent of modern antibiotics, bismuth compounds remain important for the treatment of several gastrointestinal disorders and also exhibit antimicrobial properties and cytotoxic activity, among others. This review updates relevant advances in the past few years, concerning the application of bismuth reagents and catalysts in innovative synthetic processes for the preparation of compounds of medicinal interest, as well as the preparation, biological evaluation and potential medicinal uses of bismuth compounds.
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16
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Li M, Gu Y. 2-Aryl-3,4-dihydropyrans as building blocks for organic synthesis: ring-opening reactions with nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Bothwell JM, Krabbe SW, Mohan RS. Applications of bismuth(III) compounds in organic synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:4649-707. [PMID: 21589974 DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00206b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review article summarizes the applications of bismuth(III) compounds in organic synthesis since 2002. Although there are an increasing number of reports on applications of bismuth(III) salts in polymerization reactions, and their importance is acknowledged, they are not included in this review. This review is largely organized by the reaction type although some reactions can clearly be placed in multiple sections. While every effort has been made to include all relevant reports in this field, any omission is inadvertent and we apologize in advance for the same (358 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Bothwell
- Laboratory for Environmentally Friendly Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, IL 61701, USA
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Judd KE, Caggiano L. Bi(OTf)3-catalysed prenylation of electron-rich aryl ethers and phenols with isoprene: a direct route to prenylated derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:5201-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05365e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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