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Janse van Vuuren KM, Walker MA, Hoddinott KL. Medical management of gastric distension secondary to massive dry beet pulp ingestion in a dog. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie M. Janse van Vuuren
- Department of Companion Animals Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Canada
| | - Meagan A. Walker
- Department of Companion Animals Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Canada
| | - Katie L. Hoddinott
- Department of Companion Animals Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Canada
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Talbot CT, Fisher CJ, Oates AW, Zersen KM. Fatal necro‐haemorrhagic gastroenteritis and multifocal microthrombi secondary to food engorgement in a dog. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles T. Talbot
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Corey J. Fisher
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Andrew W. Oates
- Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Kristin M. Zersen
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
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Cray MT, Selmic LE, Lai GP, Tulipan RJ. Surgical errors of incisional gastropexy in two dogs. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2017-000559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Grace Pei‐Chun Lai
- Small Animal Clinical ScienceMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
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Hullar MAJ, Lampe JW, Torok-Storb BJ, Harkey MA. The canine gut microbiome is associated with higher risk of gastric dilatation-volvulus and high risk genetic variants of the immune system. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197686. [PMID: 29889838 PMCID: PMC5995382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large and giant dog breeds have a high risk for gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) which is an acute, life-threatening condition. Previous work by our group identified a strong risk of GDV linked to specific alleles in innate and adaptive immune genes. We hypothesize that variation in the genes of the immune system act through modulation of the gut microbiome, or through autoimmune mechanisms, or both, to predispose dogs to this condition. Here, we investigate whether differences in the canine fecal microbiome are associated with GDV and are linked to previously identified risk alleles. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Fecal samples from healthy Great Danes (n = 38), and dogs with at least one occurrence of GDV (n = 37) were collected and analyzed by paired-end sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Dietary intake and temperament were estimated from a study-specific dietary and temperament questionnaire. Dogs with GDV had significantly more diverse fecal microbiomes than healthy control dogs. Alpha diversity was significantly increased in dogs with GDV, as well as dogs with at least one risk allele for DRB1 and TRL5. We found no significant association of dietary intake and GDV. Dogs with GDV showed a significant expansion of the rare lineage Actinobacteria (p = 0.004), as well as a significantly greater abundance of Firmicutes (p = 0.004) and a significantly lower abundance of Bacteroidetes (p<0.004). There was a significant difference in the abundance of 10 genera but after correction for multiple comparisons, none were significant. Bacterial phyla were significantly different between controls and dogs with GDV and at least one risk allele for DRB1 and TRL5. Actinobacteria were significantly higher in dogs with GDV and with one risk allele for DRB1 and TLR5 but not DLA88 genes. Furthermore, Collinsella was significantly increased in dogs with at least one risk allele for DRB1 and TLR5. Logistic regression showed that a model which included Actinobacteria, at least one risk allele,and temperament, explained 29% of the variation in risk of GDV in Great Danes. CONCLUSIONS The microbiome in GDV was altered by an expansion of a minor lineage and was associated with specific alleles of both innate and adaptive immunity genes. These associations are consistent with our hypothesis that immune genes may play a role in predisposition to GDV by altering the gut microbiome. Further research will be required to directly test the causal relationships of immune genes, the gut microbiome and GDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith A. J. Hullar
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Johanna W. Lampe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Beverly J. Torok-Storb
- Department of Transplantation Biology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Harkey
- Department of Transplantation Biology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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Harkey MA, Villagran AM, Venkataraman GM, Leisenring WM, Hullar MAJ, Torok-Storb BJ. Associations between gastric dilatation-volvulus in Great Danes and specific alleles of the canine immune-system genes DLA88, DRB1, and TLR5. Am J Vet Res 2017; 78:934-945. [PMID: 28738011 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.78.8.934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether specific alleles of candidate genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and innate immune system were associated with gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) in Great Danes. ANIMALS 42 healthy Great Danes (control group) and 39 Great Danes with ≥ 1 GDV episode. PROCEDURES Variable regions of the 2 most polymorphic MHC genes (DLA88 and DRB1) were amplified and sequenced from the dogs in each group. Similarly, regions of 3 genes associated with the innate immune system (TLR5, NOD2, and ATG16L1), which have been linked to inflammatory bowel disease, were amplified and sequenced. Alleles were evaluated for associations with GDV, controlling for age and dog family. RESULTS Specific alleles of genes DLA88, DRB1, and TLR5 were significantly associated with GDV. One allele of each gene had an OR > 2 in the unadjusted univariate analyses and retained a hazard ratio > 2 after controlling for temperament, age, and familial association in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The 3 GDV-associated alleles identified in this study may serve as diagnostic markers for identification of Great Danes at risk for GDV. Additional research is needed to determine whether other dog breeds have the same genetic associations. These findings also provided a new target for research into the etiology of, and potential treatments for, GDV in dogs.
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Catanzaro A, Di Salvo A, Steagall PV, Zampini D, Polisca A, della Rocca G. Preliminary study on attitudes, opinions and knowledge of Italian veterinarians with regard to abdominal visceral pain in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2016; 43:361-70. [DOI: 10.1111/vaa.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Ullmann B, Seehaus N, Hungerbühler S, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Gastric dilatation volvulus: a retrospective study of 203 dogs with ventral midline gastropexy. J Small Anim Pract 2015; 57:18-22. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Ullmann
- Small Animal Clinic; University of Veterinary Medicine; Bünteweg 9 D-30559 Hanover Germany
| | - N. Seehaus
- Small Animal Clinic; University of Veterinary Medicine; Bünteweg 9 D-30559 Hanover Germany
| | - S. Hungerbühler
- Small Animal Clinic; University of Veterinary Medicine; Bünteweg 9 D-30559 Hanover Germany
| | - A. Meyer-Lindenberg
- Clinic of Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Veterinärstr. 13 D-80539 Munich Germany
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Bruchim Y, Kelmer E. Postoperative management of dogs with gastric dilatation and volvulus. Top Companion Anim Med 2014; 29:81-5. [PMID: 25496926 DOI: 10.1053/j.tcam.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to review the veterinary literature for evidence-based and common clinical practice supporting the postoperative management of dogs with gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV). GDV involves rapid accumulation of gas in the stomach, gastric volvulus, increased intragastric pressure, and decreased venous return. GDV is characterized by relative hypovolemic-distributive and cardiogenic shock, during which the whole body may be subjected to inadequate tissue perfusion and ischemia. Intensive postoperative management of the patients with GDV is essential for survival. Therapy in the postoperative period is focused on maintaining tissue perfusion along with intensive monitoring for prevention and early identification of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and consequent potential complications such as hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, acute kidney injury (AKI), gastric ulceration, electrolyte imbalances, and pain. In addition, early identification of patients in need for re-exploration owing to gastric necrosis, abdominal sepsis, or splenic thrombosis is crucial. Therapy with intravenous lidocaine may play a central role in combating IRI and cardiac arrhythmias. The most serious complications of GDV are associated with IRI and consequent systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Other reported complications include hypotension, AKI, disseminated intravascular coagulation, gastric ulceration, and cardiac arrhythmias. Despite appropriate medical and surgical treatment, the reported mortality rate in dogs with GDV is high (10%-28%). Dogs with GDV that are affected with gastric necrosis or develop AKI have higher mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Bruchim
- Department of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care, the Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Efrat Kelmer
- Department of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care, the Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
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Schlanser JR, Agnew D, Paperd DW, Harrison TM. Gastric dilitation-volvulus in a Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens). J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76:901-3. [PMID: 24521795 PMCID: PMC4108776 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A 10-year-old male red panda presented acutely with symptoms of shock due to
acute abdominal distress and respiratory compromise. Abdominal ultrasound confirmed a
severely distended stomach for which passage of an orogastric tube for relief was
unsuccessful. Intra-operatively, the stomach was found to be distended and torsed around
its long axis supporting the diagnosis of Gastric dilitation-volvulus (GDV). The animal
arrested and died intra-operatively and was submitted for necropsy with lesions supportive
of the diagnosis of GDV. No risk factors for GDV were found to correlate between the panda
and those described in domestic dogs. This case suggests that red pandas can be
susceptible to this condition in captive settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Schlanser
- Potter Park Zoo, 1301 South Pennsylvania Avenue, Lansing, Michigan 48912-1646, U.S.A
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Green JL, Cimino Brown D, Agnello KA. Preoperative thoracic radiographic findings in dogs presenting for gastric dilatation-volvulus (2000-2010): 101 cases. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2012; 22:595-600. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2012.00802.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime L. Green
- From the Department of Clinical Studies; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; PA; 19104-6010
| | - Dorothy Cimino Brown
- From the Department of Clinical Studies; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; PA; 19104-6010
| | - Kimberly A. Agnello
- From the Department of Clinical Studies; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; PA; 19104-6010
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Grange AM, Clough W, Casale SA. Evaluation of splenectomy as a risk factor for gastric dilatation-volvulus. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012; 241:461-6. [PMID: 22852571 DOI: 10.2460/javma.241.4.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether dogs undergoing splenectomy had an increased risk of gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV), compared with a control group of dogs undergoing enterotomy. DESIGN Retrospective case-control study. ANIMALS 219 dogs that underwent splenectomy for reasons other than splenic torsion (splenectomy group; n = 172) or enterotomy (control group; 47) without concurrent gastropexy. PROCEDURES Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, date of surgery, durations of surgery and anesthesia, reason for splenectomy, histopathologic findings (if applicable), whether gastropexy was performed, duration of follow-up, and date of death (if applicable). Follow-up information, including occurrence of GDV, was obtained via medical records review and a written client questionnaire. RESULTS Reasons for splenectomy included splenic neoplasia, nonneoplastic masses, infarction, traumatic injury, and adhesions to a gossypiboma. Incidence of GDV following surgery was not significantly different between dogs of the splenectomy (14/172 [8.1 %]) and control (3/47 [6.4%]) groups. Median time to GDV for the 17 affected dogs was 352 days (range, 12 to 2,368 days) after surgery. Among dogs that underwent splenectomy, sexually intact males had a significantly higher incidence of GDV (4/16) than did castrated males and sexually intact or spayed females (10/156). Incidence of GDV among sexually intact male dogs did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results did not support a recommendation for routine use of prophylactic gastropexy in dogs at the time of splenectomy. Other patient-specific risk factors should be assessed prior to recommending this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Grange
- Angell Animal Medical Center, 350 S Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02130, USA.
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Mackenzie G, Barnhart M, Kennedy S, DeHoff W, Schertel E. A Retrospective Study of Factors Influencing Survival Following Surgery for Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus Syndrome in 306 Dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2010; 46:97-102. [DOI: 10.5326/0460097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) is a life-threatening condition in dogs that has been associated with high mortality rates in previous studies. Factors were evaluated in this study for their influence on overall and postoperative mortality in 306 confirmed cases of GDV between 2000 and 2004. The overall mortality rate was 10%, and the postoperative mortality rate was 6.1%. The factor that was associated with a significant increase in overall mortality was the presence of preoperative cardiac arrhythmias. Factors that were associated with a significant increase in postoperative mortality were postoperative cardiac arrhythmias, splenectomy, or splenectomy with partial gastric resection. The factor that was associated with a significant decrease in the overall mortality rate was time from presentation to surgery. This study documents that certain factors continue to affect the overall and postoperative mortality rates associated with GDV, but these mortality rates have decreased compared to previously reported rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Mackenzie
- Department of Surgery, Medvet, Inc., Medical Center for Pets, 300 East Wilson Bridge Road, Worthington, Ohio 43085
- From the
| | - Mathew Barnhart
- Department of Surgery, Medvet, Inc., Medical Center for Pets, 300 East Wilson Bridge Road, Worthington, Ohio 43085
- From the
| | - Shawn Kennedy
- Department of Surgery, Medvet, Inc., Medical Center for Pets, 300 East Wilson Bridge Road, Worthington, Ohio 43085
- From the
| | - William DeHoff
- Department of Surgery, Medvet, Inc., Medical Center for Pets, 300 East Wilson Bridge Road, Worthington, Ohio 43085
- From the
| | - Eric Schertel
- Department of Surgery, Medvet, Inc., Medical Center for Pets, 300 East Wilson Bridge Road, Worthington, Ohio 43085
- From the
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Dujowich M, Keller ME, Reimer SB. Evaluation of short- and long-term complications after endoscopically assisted gastropexy in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2010; 236:177-82. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.236.2.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lauten SD. Nutritional risks to large-breed dogs: from weaning to the geriatric years. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2007; 36:1345-59, viii. [PMID: 17085239 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2006.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Distinctive risk factors for disease are identifiable throughout life stages of large- and giant-breed dogs. From weaning to maturity, improper nutrition is linked to developmental skeletal diseases. As large dogs mature, skeletal diseases and obesity can lead to osteoarthritis. These dogs are difficult to manage when orthopedic or osteoarthritic disease affects mobility and quality of life, thereby increasing the risk of early death. Gastric dilatation and volvulus is another disease that is leading cause of death in large- and giant-breed dogs. Management of health, including proper nutrition, exercise, and weight control, provides the best opportunity for successful aging of large- and giant-breed dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan D Lauten
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, C247, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4545, USA.
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