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Dey TK, Lindahl JF, Lundkvist Å, Grace D, Deka RP, Shome R, Bandyopadhyay S, Goyal NK, Sharma G, Shome BR. Analyses of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase, Metallo-β-Lactamase, and AmpC-β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae from the Dairy Value Chain in India. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1449. [PMID: 37760745 PMCID: PMC10650101 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of milk contaminated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a significant health threat to humans. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae producing β-lactamases (ESBL, MBL, and AmpC) in cow and buffalo milk samples from two Indian states, Haryana and Assam. A total of 401 milk samples were collected from dairy farmers and vendors in the specified districts. Microbiological assays, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and PCR-based genotyping were employed to analyze 421 Gram-negative bacterial isolates. The overall prevalence of β-lactamase genes was 10% (confidence interval (CI) (7-13)), with higher rates in Haryana (13%, CI (9-19)) compared to Assam (7%, CI (4-11)). The identified β-lactamase genes in isolates were blaCMY, blaMOX, blaFOX, blaEBC, and blaDHA, associated with AmpC production. Additionally, blaCTX-M1, blaSHV, and blaTEM were detected as ESBL producers, while blaVIM, blaIMP, blaSPM, blaSIM, and blaGIM were identified as MBL producers. Notably, Shigella spp. were the dominant β-lactamase producers among identified Enterobacteriaceae. This study highlights the presence of various prevalent β-lactamase genes in milk isolates, indicating the potential risk of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in dairy products. The presence of β-lactam resistance raises concern as this could restrict antibiotic options for treatment. The discordance between genotypic and phenotypic methods emphasizes the necessity for comprehensive approaches that integrate both techniques to accurately assess antibiotic resistance. Urgent collaborative action incorporating rational and regulated use of antibiotics across the dairy value chain is required to address the global challenge of β-lactam resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Kumar Dey
- Department of Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Johanna Frida Lindahl
- Department of Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Lundkvist
- Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Delia Grace
- Department of Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Food and Markets Department, Natural Resources Institute, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Ram Pratim Deka
- International Livestock Research Institute, Regional Office for South Asia, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rajeswari Shome
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Samiran Bandyopadhyay
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Kolkata 700037, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Goyal
- Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Garima Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bibek Ranjan Shome
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India
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Toombs-Ruane LJ, Marshall JC, Benschop J, Drinković D, Midwinter AC, Biggs PJ, Grange Z, Baker MG, Douwes J, Roberts MG, French NP, Burgess SA. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and AmpC β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales associated with urinary tract infections in the New Zealand community: a case-control study. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 128:325-334. [PMID: 36529370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess whether having a pet in the home is a risk factor for community-acquired urinary tract infections associated with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- or AmpC β-lactamase (ACBL)- producing Enterobacterales. METHODS An unmatched case-control study was conducted between August 2015 and September 2017. Cases (n = 141) were people with community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by ESBL- or ACBL-producing Enterobacterales. Controls (n = 525) were recruited from the community. A telephone questionnaire on pet ownership and other factors was administered, and associations were assessed using logistic regression. RESULTS Pet ownership was not associated with ESBL- or ACBL-producing Enterobacterales-related human UTIs. A positive association was observed for recent antimicrobial treatment, travel to Asia in the previous year, and a doctor's visit in the last 6 months. Among isolates with an ESBL-/ACBL-producing phenotype, 126/134 (94%) were Escherichia coli, with sequence type 131 being the most common (47/126). CONCLUSIONS Companion animals in the home were not found to be associated with ESBL- or ACBL-producing Enterobacterales-related community-acquired UTIs in New Zealand. Risk factors included overseas travel, recent antibiotic use, and doctor visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah J Toombs-Ruane
- (m)EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan C Marshall
- (m)EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jackie Benschop
- (m)EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Dragana Drinković
- Microbiology Department, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anne C Midwinter
- (m)EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Patrick J Biggs
- (m)EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Zoë Grange
- (m)EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Michael G Baker
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jeroen Douwes
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Mick G Roberts
- New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nigel P French
- (m)EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sara A Burgess
- (m)EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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Núñez-Samudio V, Pimentel-Peralta G, De La Cruz A, Landires I. Genetic Diversity and New Sequence Types of Escherichia coli Coharboring β-Lactamases and PMQR Genes Isolated from Domestic Dogs in Central Panama. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:73. [PMID: 36672813 PMCID: PMC9859144 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli are a widely distributed source of antimicrobial resistance for animals and humans. Little is known about the susceptibility profile and genetic characteristics of E. coli strains isolated from domestic dogs in Latin America. Methods: We report on a cross-sectional study that evaluated E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples of domestic dogs in central Panama. The extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC genes, and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance were investigated. Molecular typing using Pasteur’s multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was conducted. Results: A total of 40 E. coli isolates were obtained, of which 80% (32/40) were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics tested, while 20% (8/40) were sensitive to all antibiotics analyzed in this study (p < 0.001). Forty percent of the strains were resistant to three or more antibiotics. The most common resistance was to tetracycline (45%) and ampicillin (30%) while 2.5% showed an ESBL phenotype. Antibiotic resistance genes were detected for one β-lactamase (blaTEM-1) and two plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) enzymes (qnrS and qnrB). In addition, mutations in the chromosomal AmpC gene were observed at positions −35, −28, −18, −1, and +58. Fourteen different sequence types (STs) were identified; the most frequent were ST399 and ST425 (12% each). ST3 and ST88, which have been previously identified in human clinical isolates, were also evidenced. Three new STs were found for the first time: ST1015, ST1016 (carrier of the blaTEM-1 gene), and ST1017 (carrier of the blaTEM-1, qnrS, and qnrB genes). Conclusions: In the intestinal strains of E. coli isolated from domestic dogs, there was a high frequency of resistance to antibiotics. The presence of genes from plasmids and chromosomal mutations that conferred antibiotic resistance, the identification of isolates previously reported in humans, and the genetic diversity of STs (including three that were newly identified) confirmed the determinants of resistance to antibiotics in the domestic dogs from central Panama.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Núñez-Samudio
- Instituto de Ciencias Médicas, Las Tablas 0710, Los Santos, Panama
- Sección de Epidemiología, Departamento de Salud Pública, Región de Salud de Herrera, Ministry of Health, Chitré 0601, Herrera, Panama
| | - Gumercindo Pimentel-Peralta
- Instituto de Ciencias Médicas, Las Tablas 0710, Los Santos, Panama
- Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Centro Regional Universitario de Azuero (CRUA), Universidad de Panamá, Chitré 0601, Herrera, Panama
| | - Alexis De La Cruz
- Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Centro Regional Universitario de Azuero (CRUA), Universidad de Panamá, Chitré 0601, Herrera, Panama
- Water Quality Laboratory, Ministry of Health, La Villa 0739, Los Santos, Panama
| | - Iván Landires
- Instituto de Ciencias Médicas, Las Tablas 0710, Los Santos, Panama
- Hospital Joaquín Pablo Franco Sayas, Región de Salud de Los Santos, Ministry of Health, Las Tablas 0710, Los Santos, Panama
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Pattis I, Weaver L, Burgess S, Ussher JE, Dyet K. Antimicrobial Resistance in New Zealand-A One Health Perspective. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11060778. [PMID: 35740184 PMCID: PMC9220317 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing global threat that affects human, animal and, often less acknowledged, environmental health. This complex issue requires a multisectoral One Health approach to address the interconnectedness of humans, animals and the natural environment. The prevalence of AMR in these reservoirs varies widely among countries and thus often requires a country-specific approach. In New Zealand (NZ), AMR and antimicrobial usage in humans are relatively well-monitored and -understood, with high human use of antimicrobials and the frequency of resistant pathogens increasing in hospitals and the community. In contrast, on average, NZ is a low user of antimicrobials in animal husbandry systems with low rates of AMR in food-producing animals. AMR in New Zealand’s environment is little understood, and the role of the natural environment in AMR transmission is unclear. Here, we aimed to provide a summary of the current knowledge on AMR in NZ, addressing all three components of the One Health triad with a particular focus on environmental AMR. We aimed to identify knowledge gaps to help develop research strategies, especially towards mitigating AMR in the environment, the often-neglected part of the One Health triad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Pattis
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd., Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | - Louise Weaver
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd., Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | - Sara Burgess
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - James E Ussher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Kristin Dyet
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd., Porirua 5022, New Zealand
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Matloko K, Fri J, Ateba TP, Molale-Tom LG, Ateba CN. Evidence of potentially unrelated AmpC beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae from cattle, cattle products and hospital environments commonly harboring the blaACC resistance determinant. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253647. [PMID: 34324493 PMCID: PMC8321102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and genetic relatedness of AmpC beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from clinical environments, groundwater, beef, human and cattle faeces were investigated. One hundred seventy-seven (177) samples were collected and cultured on MacConkey agar. A total of 203 non-repetitive isolates were characterised using genus/species-specific PCRs and the identified isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. The production of AmpC beta-lactamases was evaluated using cefoxitin disc, confirmed by the D96C detection test and their encoding genes detected by PCR. The D64C extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) test was also performed to appraise ESBLs/AmpC co-production. The genetic fingerprints of AmpC beta-lactamase producers were determined by ERIC-PCR. A total of 116 isolates were identified as E. coli (n = 65), Shigella spp. (n = 36) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 15). Ciprofloxacin resistance (44.4-55.4%) was the most frequent and resistance against the Cephem antibiotics ranged from 15-43.1% for E. coli, 25-36.1% for Shigella spp., and 20-40% for K. pneumoniae. On the other hand, these bacteria strains were most sensitive to Amikacin (0%), Meropenem (2.8%) and Piperacillin-Tazobactam (6.7%) respectively. Nineteen (16.4%) isolates comprising 16 E. coli and 3 Shigella spp. were confirmed as AmpC beta-lactamase producers. However, only E. coli isolates possessed the corresponding resistance determinants: blaACC (73.7%, n = 14), blaCIT (26%, n = 5), blaDHA (11%, n = 2) and blaFOX (16%, n = 3). Thirty-four (27.3%) Enterobacteriaceae strains were confirmed as ESBL producers and a large proportion (79.4%, n = 27) harboured the blaTEM gene, however, only two were ESBLs/AmpC co-producers. Genetic fingerprinting of the AmpC beta-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates revealed low similarity between isolates. In conclusion, the findings indicate the presence of AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from cattle, beef products and hospital environments that commonly harbour the associated resistance determinants especially the blaACC gene, nonetheless, there is limited possible cross-contamination between these environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keduetswe Matloko
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Phage Biocontrol Research Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Justine Fri
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Phage Biocontrol Research Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Tshepiso Pleasure Ateba
- Centre for Animal Health Studies, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Lesego G. Molale-Tom
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management - Microbiology, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Collins Njie Ateba
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Phage Biocontrol Research Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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Hackmann C, Gastmeier P, Schwarz S, Lübke-Becker A, Bischoff P, Leistner R. Pet husbandry as a risk factor for colonization or infection with MDR organisms: a systematic meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:1392-1405. [PMID: 33864082 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MDR organisms (MDROs) pose a relevant risk for patients in modern healthcare. Although ownership of pet animals is common and owners and pets commonly live in close contact, it is still unclear whether pet ownership may be considered as a risk factor for MDRO acquisition prior to hospitalization. METHODS We performed three separate meta-analyses in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, assessing contact to pets as a risk factor for acquisition of MRSA, VRE and MDR Gram-negatives [namely third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (3GCRE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE)]. RESULTS We calculated an increased risk of MRSA carriage for dog owners [risk ratio (RR) 2.28, 95% CI 1.47-3.56]. Meta-analysis did not show a significantly higher risk for 3GCRE colonization among owners of different pet species compared with non-pet owners (RR 1.18, 95% CI 0.83-1.68 for pet owners in general, RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.56-1.40 for dog owners, RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.58-2.34 for cat owners, RR 1.34, 95% CI 0.43-4.18 for rodent owners, RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.38-2.18 for bird owners, and RR 2.34, 95% CI 0.33-16.63 for lizard/frog owners). For VRE, there were insufficient data to perform a meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses suggest contact to pet animals is a risk factor for MRSA, but not for 3GCRE/CRE acquisition. Evaluation of the underlying literature suggested a possible role of pet animals as: (i) vectors for the transmission of MDROs between livestock and humans; as well as (ii) a reservoir for MDROs. Pets, therefore, may promote transmission and reinfection of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Hackmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Unitversität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Gastmeier
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Unitversität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre of Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antina Lübke-Becker
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre of Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Bischoff
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Unitversität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rasmus Leistner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Unitversität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Unitversität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
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Salgado-Caxito M, Benavides JA, Adell AD, Paes AC, Moreno-Switt AI. Global prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing- Escherichia coli in dogs and cats - A scoping review and meta-analysis. One Health 2021; 12:100236. [PMID: 33889706 PMCID: PMC8050393 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major threat to human and animal health. Part of the AMR dimension is the circulation of extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing-Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli), which is now commonly reported among companion animals. However, the global perspective of the prevalence and population structure of ESBL-E. coli circulating in dogs and cats has not been estimated limiting our understanding of their role in the dissemination of ESBL-E. coli. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of ESBL-E. coli between dogs and cats and across countries through meta-analysis. We also performed a scoping review to summarize the current knowledge on ESBL genes and E. coli clones circulating among companion animals. A total of 128 studies published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to April 2020 were selected and contained information on prevalence and/or molecular characterization of ESBL genes and ESBL-E. coli clones. Our review shows an increase in the number of publications between 2000 and 2019, concentrated mainly in Europe. Prevalence varied across continents, ranging from 0.63% (Oceania) to 16.56% (Africa) in dogs and from 0% (Oceania) to 16.82% (Asia) in cats. Although there were twice as many studies reporting prevalence on dogs (n = 61) than on cats (n = 32), and only 9 studies focused exclusively on cats, our meta-analysis showed no difference in the global prevalence of ESBL-E. coli between dogs (6.87% [95% CI: 4.46-10.45%]) and cats (5.04% [95% CI: 2.42-10.22%]). A considerable diversity of ESBL genes (n = 60) and sequence types (ST) (n = 171) were recovered from companion animals. ESBL-E. coli encoded by CTX-M-15 (67.5%, 77/114) and SHV-12 (21.9%, 25/114), along with resistant strains of ST38 (22.7%, 15/66) and ST131 (50%, 33/66) were widespread and detected in all continents. While presence of ESBL-E. coli is widespread, the drivers influencing the observed ESBL-E. coli prevalence and the clinical relevance in veterinary medicine and public health along with economic impact of ESBL-E. coli infections among companion animals need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Salgado-Caxito
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio A. Benavides
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aiko D. Adell
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonio Carlos Paes
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea I. Moreno-Switt
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Toombs-Ruane LJ, Benschop J, French NP, Biggs PJ, Midwinter AC, Marshall JC, Chan M, Drinković D, Fayaz A, Baker MG, Douwes J, Roberts MG, Burgess SA. Carriage of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase- and AmpC Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains from Humans and Pets in the Same Households. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e01613-20. [PMID: 33036993 PMCID: PMC7688229 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01613-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)- or AmpC beta-lactamase (ACBL)-producing Escherichia coli bacteria are the most common cause of community-acquired multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs) in New Zealand. The carriage of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has been found in both people and pets from the same household; thus, the home environment may be a place where antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are shared between humans and pets. In this study, we sought to determine whether members (pets and people) of the households of human index cases with a UTI caused by an ESBL- or ACBL-producing E. coli strain also carried an ESBL- or ACBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae strain and, if so, whether it was a clonal match to the index case clinical strain. Index cases with a community-acquired UTI were recruited based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing of urine isolates. Fecal samples were collected from 18 non-index case people and 36 pets across 27 households. Eleven of the 27 households screened had non-index case household members (8/18 people and 5/36 animals) positive for ESBL- and/or ACBL-producing E. coli strains. Whole-genome sequence analysis of 125 E. coli isolates (including the clinical urine isolates) from these 11 households showed that within seven households, the same strain of ESBL-/ACBL-producing E. coli was cultured from both the index case and another person (5/11 households) or pet dog (2/11 households). These results suggest that transmission within the household may contribute to the community spread of ESBL- or ACBL-producing E. coliIMPORTANCEEnterobacteriaceae that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC beta-lactamases (ACBLs) are important pathogens and can cause community-acquired illnesses, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs). Fecal carriage of these resistant bacteria by companion animals may pose a risk for transmission to humans. Our work evaluated the sharing of ESBL- and ACBL-producing E. coli isolates between humans and companion animals. We found that in some households, dogs carried the same strain of ESBL-producing E. coli as the household member with a UTI. This suggests that transmission events between humans and animals (or vice versa) are likely occurring within the home environment and, therefore, the community as a whole. This is significant from a health perspective, when considering measures to minimize community transmission, and highlights that in order to manage community spread, we need to consider interventions at the household level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah J Toombs-Ruane
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jackie Benschop
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nigel P French
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Patrick J Biggs
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Anne C Midwinter
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan C Marshall
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Maggie Chan
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Dragana Drinković
- Microbiology Department, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ahmed Fayaz
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Michael G Baker
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jeroen Douwes
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Mick G Roberts
- School of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
| | - Sara A Burgess
- EpiLab, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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9
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Kidsley AK, O'Dea M, Saputra S, Jordan D, Johnson JR, Gordon DM, Turni C, Djordjevic SP, Abraham S, Trott DJ. Genomic analysis of phylogenetic group B2 extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli causing infections in dogs in Australia. Vet Microbiol 2020; 248:108783. [PMID: 32827920 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC)-associated sequence types (STs) from phylogenetic group B2 among 449 fluoroquinolone-susceptible dog clinical isolates from Australia. Isolates underwent PCR-based phylotyping and random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis to determine clonal relatedness. Of the 317 so-identified group B2 isolates, 77 underwent whole genome sequencing (WGS), whereas the remainder underwent PCR-based screening for ST complexes (STc) STc12, STc73, STc372, and ST131. The predominant ST was ST372 according to both WGS (31 % of 77) and ST-specific PCR (22 % of 240), followed by (per WGS) ST73 (17 %), ST12 (7 %), and ST80 (7 %). A WGS-based phylogenetic comparison of ST73 isolates from dogs, cats, and humans showed considerable overall phylogenetic diversity. Although most clusters were species-specific, some contained closely related human and animal (dog > cat) isolates. For dogs in Australia these findings both confirm ST372 as the predominant E. coli clonal lineage causing extraintestinal infections and clarify the importance of human-associated group B2 lineage ST73 as a cause of UTI, with some strains possibly being capable of bi-directional (i.e., dog-human and human-dog) transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Kidsley
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, Australia.
| | - Mark O'Dea
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sugiyono Saputra
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, Australia
| | - David Jordan
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW, Australia
| | - James R Johnson
- VA Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David M Gordon
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Conny Turni
- Centre for Animal Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Steven P Djordjevic
- The ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Sam Abraham
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Darren J Trott
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, Australia
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10
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Piccolo FL, Belas A, Foti M, Fisichella V, Marques C, Pomba C. Detection of multidrug resistance and extended-spectrum/plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from diseased cats in Italy. J Feline Med Surg 2020; 22:613-622. [PMID: 31524037 PMCID: PMC10814436 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x19868029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from cats affected by diseases commonly encountered in practice, and to characterise the third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistance molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS Clinical samples (n = 100) included 58 rectal swabs from cats with diarrhoea, 31 nasal swabs from cats with clinical signs of upper respiratory tract disease, four ear swabs from cats with otitis, three conjunctival swabs from cats with conjunctivitis, two oral swabs from cats with stomatitis, one swab from a skin abscess and one urine sample from a cat with cystitis. A total of 125 Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 90 cats. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated species (n = 65), followed by Enterobacter species (n = 20), Proteus species (n = 13), Citrobacter species (n = 12) and others (n = 15). Bacterial susceptibility testing was performed with respect to eight antimicrobial classes. Beta (β)-lactamase genes were identified by PCR and nucleotide sequencing. RESULTS Overall, the higher frequency of resistance was to amoxicillin-clavulanate (61.3%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (33.6%) and cefotaxime (32.8%). Thirty-six percent of the isolates (n = 45) were resistant to 3GCs. Of these isolates, 34 were tested by PCR and nucleotide sequencing and 23 were confirmed as encoding β-lactamase genes. Fourteen 3GC-resistant isolates harboured extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) belonging to groups CTX-M-1 (n = 12, two of which were CTX-M-79), CTX-M-2 (n = 1) and CTX-M-9 (n = 1), as well as SHV-12 (n = 1) and TEM-92 (n = 1). Nine isolates had CMY-2 plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (pAmpC). Thirty-one percent (n = 39) of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR) and were isolated from 34% (n = 31/90) of the cats. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE A high frequency of MDR and ESBL/pAmpC β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae were detected among bacteria isolated from a feline population in southern Italy with a variety of common clinical conditions, which poses limitations on therapeutic options for companion animals. We describe the first detection of CTX-M-79 and TEM-92 ESBL genes in isolates from cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lo Piccolo
- Section of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Adriana Belas
- CIISA, Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Foti
- Section of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vittorio Fisichella
- Section of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cátia Marques
- CIISA, Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Constança Pomba
- CIISA, Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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11
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Johnstone T. A clinical approach to multidrug-resistant urinary tract infection and subclinical bacteriuria in dogs and cats. N Z Vet J 2019; 68:69-83. [PMID: 31707934 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2019.1689196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria are increasingly isolated from the urinary tract of pets, particularly those that suffer from concurrent conditions, have been hospitalised, or were treated with antimicrobials in the recent past. Many of the multidrug-resistant bacteria encountered are resistant to all commonly used oral antibiotics. This poses both a therapeutic dilemma in the individual pet and a threat to public health. This article begins with an overview of multidrug resistance in organisms that are commonly isolated from the urinary tract of pets. This is followed by a proposed clinical approach to managing multidrug-resistant urinary bacteria, which summarises current knowledge regarding appropriate sampling and analysis, reviews the current guidelines regarding appropriate antimicrobial use and discusses treatment options that might be considered. The article highlights several shortcomings of the current knowledge to be considered when planning future clinical research and developing policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Johnstone
- Translational Research and Animal Clinical Trial Study Group, U-Vet Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Australia
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12
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Filioussis G, Kachrimanidou M, Christodoulopoulos G, Kyritsi M, Hadjichristodoulou C, Adamopoulou M, Tzivara A, Kritas SK, Grinberg A. Short communication: Bovine mastitis caused by a multidrug-resistant, mcr-1-positive (colistin-resistant), extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli clone on a Greek dairy farm. J Dairy Sci 2019; 103:852-857. [PMID: 31733863 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We performed a survey aimed at analyzing milk samples collected from cows with mastitis for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli. Single-quarter mastitic milk samples obtained from 400 cows in 23 Greek dairy herds with a history of E. coli mastitis were processed for the selective isolation of ESBL-producing E. coli. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the ESBL-producing isolates was analyzed using agar disk diffusion, and minimum inhibitory concentrations of colistin were determined by broth microdilution. We used PCR followed by DNA sequencing to characterize the β-lactamases and mcr-1 (colistin resistance) genes, and for phylotyping and multilocus sequence typing. We found a total of 89/400 (22.25%) E. coli isolates from 12/23 (52%) farms. Six isolates originating from 6 cows on a single farm were ESBL producers and were resistant to cefquinome, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, ampicillin, and colistin. Five of these isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and 5 to streptomycin. The 6 ESBL producers were mcr-1-positive and carried blaTEM-1 genes; 3 also carried blaCTX-M genes, and 3 carried blaSHV genes. All of the ESBL producers belonged to phylogroup A, multilocus sequence type ST666 (n = 5), or a single locus variant of ST666 (n = 1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of endemic bovine mastitis caused by mcr-1-positive, ESBL-producing E. coli. These results highlight the value of active surveillance of antimicrobial resistance not commonly tested by diagnostic laboratories for the early detection of novel resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Filioussis
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Melina Kachrimanidou
- First Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Christodoulopoulos
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, PO Box 199, Gr-43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Maria Kyritsi
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Science, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Christos Hadjichristodoulou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Science, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Adamopoulou
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens 12243, Greece
| | - Athanasia Tzivara
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, PO Box 199, Gr-43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Spyridon K Kritas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alex Grinberg
- Infectious Diseases Group, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand.
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13
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Fernandes MR, Sellera FP, Moura Q, Gaspar VC, Cerdeira L, Lincopan N. International high-risk clonal lineages of CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli F-ST648 in free-roaming cats, South America. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 66:48-51. [PMID: 30227226 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli belonging to high-virulent pandemic lineages has become a global problem with serious consequences for public health worldwide. In this regard, E. coli lineages belonging to the sequence type ST648, which are mostly associated with human infections, have begun to be reported in animals. In this study, we report the identification and genomic characterization of international CTX-M-producing E. coli ST648/F lineages in free-roaming cats from an urban slum, in Brazil. Moreover, we have performed a comparative genomic analysis of worldwide reported E. coli ST648 strains, highlighting an epidemiologic linkage between human and companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam R Fernandes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio P Sellera
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Quézia Moura
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor C Gaspar
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Louise Cerdeira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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14
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Liakopoulos A, Betts J, La Ragione R, van Essen-Zandbergen A, Ceccarelli D, Petinaki E, Koutinas CK, Mevius DJ. Occurrence and characterization of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in healthy household dogs in Greece. J Med Microbiol 2018; 67:931-935. [PMID: 29799389 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum cephalosporin- and/or carbapenem-resistant (ESCR and/or CarbR) Enterobacteriaceae constitute a public health hazard because of limited treatment options and are endemic among humans in Greece. Recently, ESCR and CarbREnterobacteriaceae have been increasingly isolated from companion animals, stressing their potential role as a reservoir for humans. However, the presence of ESCR bacteria in companion animals within Greek households has not been determined yet. Genes conferring the ESCR and CarbR phenotype were detected among canine isolates and their chromosomal or plasmid location was determined. Standard methods were applied for plasmid characterization. The clonal relatedness of the recovered isolates was examined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Here, we report the first findings on the presence of ESCREnterobacteriaceae in healthy Greek dogs. ESCREscherichia coli isolates were associated with different sequence types (STs), including the human pandemic ST131 clone. The occurrence of human-related ESBL/pAmpC genes, plasmid types and/or strain STS in this animal reservoir suggests possible bilateral transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Liakopoulos
- Present address: Department of Microbial Biotechnology and Health, Institute of Biology, University of Leiden, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Betts
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Roberto La Ragione
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Daniela Ceccarelli
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Efthymia Petinaki
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Christos K Koutinas
- Companion Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dik J Mevius
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Toombs-Ruane LJ, Benschop J, Burgess S, Priest P, Murdoch DR, French NP. Multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae in New Zealand: a current perspective. N Z Vet J 2017; 65:62-70. [PMID: 27927087 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2016.1269621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this article we review mechanisms and potential transmission pathways of multidrug resistance in Enterobacteriaceae, with an emphasis on extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-production. This provides background to better understand challenges presented by this important group of antimicrobial resistant bacteria, and inform measures aimed at prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance in general. Humans and animals interact at various levels; household pets cohabit with humans, and other animals interact with people through direct contact, as well as through the food chain and the environment. These interactions offer opportunity for bacteria such as ESBL-producers to be shared and transmitted between species and, in turn, increase the risk of zoonotic and reverse-zoonotic disease transmission. A key step in curtailing antimicrobial resistance is improved stewardship of antimicrobials, including surveillance of their use, better infection-control and prevention, and a better understanding of prescribing practice in both veterinary and medical professions in New Zealand. This will also require prospective observational studies to examine risk factors for antimicrobial resistance. Due to the interconnectedness of humans, animals and the environment actions to effect the changes required should be undertaken using a One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Toombs-Ruane
- a mEpiLab, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences , Massey University , Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North , New Zealand
| | - J Benschop
- a mEpiLab, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences , Massey University , Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North , New Zealand
| | - S Burgess
- a mEpiLab, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences , Massey University , Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North , New Zealand
| | - P Priest
- b Department of Preventive and Social Medicine , University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - D R Murdoch
- c Department of Pathology , University of Otago , Christchurch , New Zealand
| | - N P French
- a mEpiLab, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences , Massey University , Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North , New Zealand
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16
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Guardabassi L. Antimicrobial resistance: a global threat with remarkable geographical differences. N Z Vet J 2017; 65:57-59. [PMID: 27943681 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2017.1270645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Guardabassi
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences , Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine , PO Box 334, Basseterre, St Kitts and Nevis
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