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Zhang M, Qian K, Li GH, Duan MH, Li ZE, Dai Y, Chen JC, Yang F. Depletion of tilmicosin residue in Gushi chickens following oral administration via drinking water. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2024; 47:114-120. [PMID: 37950414 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the depletion of tilmicosin residues in Gushi chickens following the administration at a concentration of 75 mg/L in their drinking water for three consecutive days. Plasma, liver, kidney, lung, muscle, and skin + fat samples were collected from 6 chickens at 6 h, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after the treatment. Tilmicosin concentrations in the samples were determined using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The findings revealed that the highest tilmicosin residues were detected in the liver, followed by the kidney, lung, skin + fat, muscle, and plasma. Notably, at 7 days post-treatment, no drug residue was detected in all samples except for the liver and kidney. The non-compartmental model was employed to calculate relevant pharmacokinetic parameters. The elimination half-lives (t1/2λz ) of tilmicosin were as follows, ranked from long to short: skin + fat (45.42 h), liver (44.17 h), kidney (40.06 h), plasma (37.64 h), lung (31.39 h), and muscle (30.05 h). Considering the current residue depletion and the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by Chinese regulatory authorities, the withdrawal times for tilmicosin were estimated as 18.91, 10.81, and 8.58 days in the kidney, liver, and skin + fat, respectively. A rounded-up value of 19 days was selected as the conclusive withdrawal time. Furthermore, based on the observed tilmicosin concentrations in plasma and lung, combined with previously reported minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against Mycoplasma gallisepticum, the current dosing regimen was deemed adequate for treating Mycoplasma gallisepticum infections in Gushi chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Tianjin Agricultural Ecological Environment Monitoring and Agricultural Product Quality Testing Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Guang-Hui Li
- Shantou Customs District Technology Center, Shantou, China
| | - Ming-Hui Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ze-En Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yan Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jun-Cheng Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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2
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Somogyi Z, Mag P, Simon R, Kerek Á, Makrai L, Biksi I, Jerzsele Á. Susceptibility of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus suis Isolated from Pigs in Hungary between 2018 and 2021. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1298. [PMID: 37627719 PMCID: PMC10451952 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) has been a major animal health, welfare, and economic problem in Hungary; therefore, great emphasis should be put on both the prevention and control of this complex disease. As antibacterial agents are effective tools for control, antibiotic susceptibility testing is indispensable for the proper implementation of antibacterial therapy and to prevent the spread of resistance. The best method for this is to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the broth microdilution method. In our study, we measured the MIC values of 164 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, 65 Pasteurella multocida, and 118 Streptococcus suis isolates isolated from clinical cases against the following antibacterial agents: amoxicillin, ceftiofur, cefquinome, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, tylosin, tilmicosin, tylvalosin, tulathromycin, lincomycin, tiamulin, florfenicol, colistin, enrofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Outstanding efficacy against A. pleuropneumoniae isolates was observed with ceftiofur (100%) and tulathromycin (100%), while high levels of resistance were observed against cefquinome (92.7%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (90.8%). Ceftiofur (98.4%), enrofloxacin (100%), florfenicol (100%), and tulathromycin (100%) were found to be highly effective against P. multocida isolates, while 100% resistance was detected against the sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim combination. For the S. suis isolates, only ceftiofur (100%) was not found to be resistant, while the highest rate of resistance was observed against the sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim combination (94.3%). An increasing number of studies report multi-resistant strains of all three pathogens, making their monitoring a high priority for animal and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Somogyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Str. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary; (P.M.); (R.S.); (Á.K.); (Á.J.)
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Patrik Mag
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Str. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary; (P.M.); (R.S.); (Á.K.); (Á.J.)
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Simon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Str. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary; (P.M.); (R.S.); (Á.K.); (Á.J.)
| | - Ádám Kerek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Str. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary; (P.M.); (R.S.); (Á.K.); (Á.J.)
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Makrai
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Str. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Biksi
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Str. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary;
- SCG Diagnostics Ltd., HU-2437 Délegyháza, Hungary
| | - Ákos Jerzsele
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Str. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary; (P.M.); (R.S.); (Á.K.); (Á.J.)
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
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Lee EB, Sayem SAJ, Lee GY, Kim TW, Hossain MA, Park SC. Assessment of Plasma Tylosin Concentrations: A Comparative Study of Immunoassay, Microbiological Assay, and Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1023. [PMID: 37370342 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Employing affordable and uncomplicated sample preparation techniques to recommend the most efficient antibacterial therapy could help reduce antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study evaluated the suitability of immunoassays and microbiological assays as alternatives for liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) in determining plasma tylosin concentrations after intramuscular administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg to both healthy and diseased pigs in clinical veterinary practice. The diseased pigs were confirmed using the target genes Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (apxIVA) and Pasteurella multocida (kmt1). The methods showed good linearity, precision, and accuracy. In both healthy and diseased pigs, a significant correlation was observed between LC/MS and the microbiological assay (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.930, p < 0.001 vs. Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.950, p < 0.001) and between LC/MS and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.933; p < 0.001 vs. Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.976, p < 0.001). A strong correlation was observed between the microbiological assay and the ELISA in both healthy and diseased pigs (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.911; p < 0.001 vs. Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.908, p < 0.001). A Bland-Altman analysis revealed good agreement between the methods, i.e., 95% of the differences were within the limits of agreement. Therefore, the microbiological assay and the ELISA, which demonstrated sufficient precision and accuracy, can be viable alternatives to LC/MS when it is unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eon-Bee Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Syed Al Jawad Sayem
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Yeong Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Akil Hossain
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Seung-Chun Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Zhou H, Qian Y, Liu J. MicroRNA-127 promotes anti-microbial ability in porcine alveolar macrophages via S1PR3/TLR signaling pathway. J Vet Sci 2023; 24:e20. [PMID: 37012029 PMCID: PMC10071279 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.22110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As Actinobacillus pleuropneumonniae (APP) infection causes considerable losses in the pig industry, there is a growing need to develop effective therapeutic interventions that leverage host immune defense mechanisms to combat these pathogens. OBJECTIVES To demonstrate the role of microRNA (miR)-127 in controlling bacterial infection against APP. Moreover, to investigate a signaling pathway in macrophages that controls the production of anti-microbial peptides. METHODS Firstly, we evaluated the effect of miR-127 on APP-infected pigs by cell count/enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then the impact of miR-127 on immune cells was detected. The cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were evaluated by ELISA. The expression of cytokines (anti-microbial peptides [AMPs]) was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression level of IL-6, TNF-α and p-P65 were analyzed by western blot. The expression of p65 in the immune cells was investigated by immunofluorescence. RESULTS miR-127 showed a protective effect on APP-infected macrophage. Moreover, the protective effect might depend on its regulation of macrophage bactericidal activity and the generation of IL-22, IL-17 and AMPs by targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor3 (SIPR3), the element involved in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) cascades. CONCLUSIONS Together, we identify that miR-127 is a regulator of S1PR3 and then regulates TLR/nuclear factor-κB signaling in macrophages with anti-bacterial acticity, and it might be a potential target for treating inflammatory diseases caused by APP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Zhou
- School of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Yujia Qian
- Taizhou Jianyouda Pharma Co., LTD, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College Jiangsu 225300, China
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Ding Y, Yu B, Zhang J, Ding C, Zhang Z, Xu S, Li L, Yu H. Tilmicosin/γ-Cyclodextrin complexation through supercritical carbon dioxide assistance and its pharmacokinetic and antibacterial study. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 181:104-112. [PMID: 36375723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Tilmicosin, as an effective broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, has incomplete absorption and low bioavailability due to its low water solubility, which limits its veterinary clinical applications. As a non-polymeric drug carrier, γ-cyclodextrin was complexed with tilmicosin through supercritical carbon dioxide assistance for the first time, and confirmed by FTIR, X-ray diffraction, proton NMR and scanning electron microscopy. The water solubility of tilmicosin was increased 57-fold through complexation with γ-cyclodextrin, and the release and bioavailability of tilmicosin in the complex were significantly improved. The tilmicosin in complex showed better anti-Streptococcus agalactiae activity than that of tilmicosin alone in MIC, MBC and drug susceptibility studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Ding
- College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, PR China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Life Science Department, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China
| | - Jianzhou Zhang
- Life Science Department, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China
| | - Charles Ding
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Life Science Department, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China
| | - Shufeng Xu
- Life Science Department, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, PR China
| | - Hui Yu
- Life Science Department, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, PR China
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Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Mycoplasma hyorhinis strains isolated from five European countries between 2019 and 2021. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272903. [PMID: 35951622 PMCID: PMC9371350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyorhinis is an emerging swine pathogen bacterium causing polyserositis and polyarthritis in weaners and finishers. The pathogen is distributed world-wide, generating significant economic losses. No commercially available vaccine is available in Europe. Therefore, besides improving the housing conditions for prevention, antimicrobial therapy of the diseased animals is the only option to control the infection. Our aim was to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ten antimicrobials potentially used against M. hyorhinis infection. The antibiotic susceptibility of 76 M. hyorhinis isolates from Belgium, Germany, Hungary, Italy and Poland collected between 2019 and 2021 was determined by broth micro-dilution method and mismatch amplification mutation assay (MAMA). Low concentrations of tiamulin (MIC90 0.312 μg/ml), doxycycline (MIC90 0.078 μg/ml), oxytetracycline (MIC90 0.25 μg/ml), florfenicol (MIC90 2 μg/ml) and moderate concentrations of enrofloxacin (MIC90 1.25 μg/ml) inhibited the growth of the isolates. For the tested macrolides and lincomycin, a bimodal MIC pattern was observed (MIC90 >64 μg/ml for lincomycin, tulathromycin, tylosin and tilmicosin and 5 μg/ml for tylvalosin). The results of the MAMA assay were in line with the conventional method with three exceptions. Based on our statistical analyses, significant differences in MIC values of tiamulin and doxycycline were observed between certain countries. Our results show various levels of antimicrobial susceptibility among M. hyorhinis isolates to the tested antibiotics. The data underline the importance of susceptibility monitoring on pan-European level and provides essential information for proper antibiotic choice in therapy.
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Zhang N, Ba J, Wang S, Xu Z, Wu F, Li Z, Deng H, Yang H. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of solid dispersion formulation of tilmicosin in pigs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2020; 44:359-366. [PMID: 33270918 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tilmicosin (TMS) is a semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic restricted to veterinary use but is only partially soluble in aqueous solutions, which limits its administration in treatments. We developed a strategy to enhance the supersaturated solubility of TMS using amorphous solid dispersion (SD). The dissolution profile shown that the dissolution rate of TMS-SD was obviously faster than TMS. The pharmacokinetics of tilmicosin (TMS) and tilmicosin solid dispersion (TMS-SD) in pigs after oral administration at a single dose of 50 mg/kg b.w were investigated. The tmax of TMS-SD (2.50 hr) was 1.80 times faster than TMS (4.50 hr) (p < .05). There were no significant differences in the other PK parameters (Cmax , t1/2β , V/F, CL/F, MRT, and AUC0-inf ) (p > .05). The mean relative bioavailability of TMS-SD compared with TMS was 140.39%, according to the AUC0-inf values. These results demonstrated that the solid dispersion technique enhanced the bioavailability of TMS and the new formulation administered to animals via drinking water may be used as a therapeutic alternative for clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Juan Ba
- Zhuhai Kerric Testing, Zhuhai, China
| | - Shaojie Wang
- Ring Pai NanHua Veterinary hospital management, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhigao Xu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Fuda Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Zhili Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hua Deng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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8
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Yan G, Liang Q, Wen X, Peng J, Deng R, Lv L, Ji M, Deng X, Wu L, Feng X, He J. Preparation, characterization, and pharmacokinetics of tilmicosin taste-masked formulation via hot-melt extrusion technology. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 196:111293. [PMID: 32818925 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tilmicosin (TMS) is a macrocyclic antibiotic specially used in veterinary clinics, but its extreme bitterness limits its use. This study aimed to obtain a taste-masked formulation of TMS by hot melt extrusion (HME) technology and to investigate the formulation's characterization, stability, and effects in vitro/in vivo. Eudragit® E PO was selected as the carrier, and TMS dissolution in artificial saliva was used as a reference. The HME parameters were optimized via an orthogonal design. The optimized results were as follows: 135 ℃ extrusion temperature, 100 rpm screw speed and 30 % drug load. The masking efficiency of the formulation was evaluated by both simulated oral drug release in vitro and electronic tongue tests. The release of the taste-masked formulation in artificial saliva medium was significantly reduced within 60 s (less than 2%), while the release in 0.1 M HCl buffer was fast (more than 80 %) within 30 min. As suggested by the results of the electronic tongue, the taste-masked formulation had a better taste-masked effect than the commercial premix and the commercial enteric granules. Finally, a pharmacokinetic study was performed. Analysis of variance demonstrated that the pharmacokinetic behavior of the TMS taste-masked formulation was similar to that of the commercial premix, while the absorption effect was better than that of the commercially available enteric granules. This research indicates that the taste-masked formulation has the potential for future commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qiuling Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xuemei Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jianbo Peng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Agricultural Vocational College, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Ruihan Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Li Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Min Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xin Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Liqin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xin Feng
- The Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Jiakang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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Human-Simulated Antimicrobial Regimens in Animal Models: Transparency and Validation Are Imperative. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:AAC.00594-20. [PMID: 32423959 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00594-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal infection models are invaluable in optimizing antimicrobial dosage in humans. Utilization of human-simulated regimens (HSRs) in animal models helps to evaluate antimicrobial efficacy at clinically achievable drug concentrations. To that end, pharmacokinetic studies in infected animals and confirmation of the HSR pharmacokinetic profile are essential in evaluating observed versus expected drug concentrations. We present and compare two murine meropenem-vaborbactam HSR profiles, their potential impact on bacterial killing, and clinical translatability.
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10
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Luo W, Qin H, Chen D, Wu M, Meng K, Zhang A, Pan Y, Qu W, Xie S. The dose regimen formulation of tilmicosin against Lawsonia intracellularis in pigs by pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104389. [PMID: 32707311 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the rational dose regimens of tilmicosin against Lawsonia intracellularis (L. intracellularis) were studied using pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model approach to provide a maximal efficacy. The healthy and infected pigs were orally administrated the tilmicosin premix at a single dose of 10 mg/kg, and then the plasma and ileum content were collected at different time points. The time to peak (Tmax), the peak concentration (Cmax), the area under concentration time curve (AUC0-24h), the apparent volume of distribution by bioavailability (V/F), the body clearance rate by bioavailability (CL/F) and the mean residence time (MRT) of tilmicosin premix for plasma were 2.00 h, 1.08 ± 0.04 μg/mL, 9.61 ± 1.47 μg h/mL, 34.43 ± 1.02 L/kg, 0.71 ± 0.03 L/h/kg and 15.03 ± 0.04 h in healthy pigs, and 2.00 h, 0.99 ± 0.03 μg/mL, 9.30 ± 1.43 μg h/mL, 58.59 ± 1.81 L/kg, 0.44 ± 0.02 L/h/kg and 15.75 ± 0.03 h in infected pigs, respectively. The Tmax, Cmax, AUC0-24h, V/F, CL/F and MRT of tilmicosin premix for ileum content were 2.00 h, 3.78 ± 0.03 μg/mL, 20.41 ± 1.64 μg h/mL, 11.29 ± 0.97 L/kg, 0.44 ± 0.02 L/h/kg and 11.29 ± 0.09 h in healthy pigs, and 2.00 h, 3.41 ± 0.06 μg/mL, 22.65 ± 1.32 μg h/mL, 8.16 ± 1.51 L/kg, 0.41 ± 0.01 L/h/kg and 11.44 ± 0.05 h in infected pigs, respectively. Based on the intracellular minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L. intracellularis isolate was 2 μg/mL, the results of the mutant prevention concentration (MPC), the post-antibiotic effect (PAE) and time-killing curves all showed strong concentration-dependenttendencies. Integrating the in vivo pharmacokinetic data of infected pigs and ex vivo pharmacodynamic data using the sigmoid Emax (Hill) equation to obtain the ileum content AUC0-24h/MIC values of 6.87, 26.80, and 36.02 h to achieve the bacteriostatic activity, bactericidal activity, and virtual eradication of bacteria, respectively. Based on these results, a dosage regimen of daily 14.39 mg/kg for 3 d could be sufficient in the treatment of L. intracellularis. This study will provide a guidance of dosage regimen formulation for drug against animal intracellular bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhe Luo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MARA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Qin
- Beijing TEAM Junwei Healthcare Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MARA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; MARA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Mengru Wu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MARA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kuiyu Meng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MARA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aoxue Zhang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MARA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunahu Pan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MARA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Qu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MARA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuyu Xie
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MARA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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Xiong J, Xu Y, He S, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang S, Jiang H. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of tildipirosin in rabbits following single-dose intravenous and intramuscular administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2020; 43:448-453. [PMID: 32542744 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of tildipirosin in rabbits after a single intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) injection at a dose of 4 mg/kg. Twelve white New Zealand rabbits were assigned to a randomized, parallel trial design. Blood samples were collected prior to administration and up to 14 days postadministration. Plasma concentrations of tildipirosin were quantified using a validated ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a noncompartmental model in WinNonlin 5.2 software. Following i.v. and i.m. administration, the elimination half-life (T1/2λ ) was 81.17 ± 9.28 and 96.68 ± 15.37 hr, respectively, and the mean residence time (MRTlast ) was 65.44 ± 10.89 and 67.06 ± 10.49 hr, respectively. After i.v. injection, the plasma clearance rate (Cl) and volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss ) were 0.28 ± 0.10 L kg-1 h-1 and 17.78 ± 5.15 L/kg, respectively. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax ) and time to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax ) after i.m. administration were 836.2 ± 117.9 ng/ml and 0.33 ± 0.17 hr, respectively. The absolute bioavailability of i.m. administration was 105.4%. Tildipirosin shows favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics in rabbits, with fast absorption, extensive distribution, and high bioavailability. These findings suggest that tildipirosin might be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Xiong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuliang Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shuang He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zile Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Sihan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
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