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Lee J, Song L, Terracina G, Bara T, Josien H, Asberom T, Sasikumar TK, Burnett DA, Clader J, Parker EM, Zhang L. Identification of presenilin 1-selective γ-secretase inhibitors with reconstituted γ-secretase complexes. Biochemistry 2011; 50:4973-80. [PMID: 21528914 DOI: 10.1021/bi200026m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides is one of the major pathologic hallmarks in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Aβ is generated by sequential proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) catalyzed by β- and γ-secretases. Inhibition of Aβ production by γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) is thus being pursued as a target for treatment of AD. In addition to processing APP, γ-secretase also catalyzes proteolytic cleavage of other transmembrane substrates, with the best characterized one being the cell surface receptor Notch. GSIs reduce Aβ production in animals and humans but also cause significant side effects because of the inhibition of Notch processing. The development of GSIs that reduce Aβ production and have less Notch-mediated side effect liability is therefore an important goal. γ-Secretase is a large membrane protein complex with four components, two of which have multiple isoforms: presenilin (PS1 or PS2), aph-1 (aph-1a or aph-1b), nicastrin, and pen-2. Here we describe the reconstitution of four γ-secretase complexes in Sf9 cells containing PS1--aph-1a, PS1--aph-1b, PS2--aph-1a, and PS2--aph-1b complexes. While PS1--aph-1a, PS1--aph-1b, and PS2--aph-1a complexes displayed robust γ-secretase activity, the reconstituted PS2--aph-1b complex was devoid of detectable γ-secretase activity. γ-Secretase complexes containing PS1 produced a higher proportion of the toxic species Aβ42 than γ-secretase complexes containing PS2. Using the reconstitution system, we identified MRK-560 and SCH 1500022 as highly selective inhibitors of PS1 γ-secretase activity. These findings may provide important insights into developing a new generation of γ-secretase inhibitors with improved side effect profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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Gillman KW, Starrett JE, Parker MF, Xie K, Bronson JJ, Marcin LR, McElhone KE, Bergstrom CP, Mate RA, Williams R, Meredith JE, Burton CR, Barten DM, Toyn JH, Roberts SB, Lentz KA, Houston JG, Zaczek R, Albright CF, Decicco CP, Macor JE, Olson RE. Discovery and Evaluation of BMS-708163, a Potent, Selective and Orally Bioavailable γ-Secretase Inhibitor. ACS Med Chem Lett 2010; 1:120-4. [PMID: 24900185 DOI: 10.1021/ml1000239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During the course of our research efforts to develop a potent and selective γ-secretase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, we investigated a series of carboxamide-substituted sulfonamides. Optimization based on potency, Notch/amyloid-β precursor protein selectivity, and brain efficacy after oral dosing led to the discovery of 4 (BMS-708163). Compound 4 is a potent inhibitor of γ-secretase (Aβ40 IC50 = 0.30 nM), demonstrating a 193-fold selectivity against Notch. Oral administration of 4 significantly reduced Aβ40 levels for sustained periods in brain, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid in rats and dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W. Gillman
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - John E. Starrett
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Michael F. Parker
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Kai Xie
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Joanne J. Bronson
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Lawrence R. Marcin
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Kate E. McElhone
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Carl P. Bergstrom
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Robert A. Mate
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Richard Williams
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Albany Molecular Research Incorporated, 26 Corporate Circle, Albany, New York 15098
| | - Jere E. Meredith
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Catherine R. Burton
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Donna M. Barten
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Jeremy H. Toyn
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Susan B. Roberts
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Kimberley A. Lentz
- Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - John G. Houston
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Robert Zaczek
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Charles F. Albright
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Carl P. Decicco
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - John E. Macor
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
| | - Richard E. Olson
- Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492
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