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Makaracı M, Makaracı Y, Zorba E, Lautenbach F. Effects of Ten Biofeedback Sessions on Athletes' Physiological, Psychological, and Cognitive Functioning: A Randomized Controlled Trial with International Tennis Players. Percept Mot Skills 2024:315125241274834. [PMID: 39149880 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241274834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Our aim in this study was to test the effect of 10 sessions of biofeedback (BFB) on physiological, psychological, and cognitive functioning of international tennis players. In this randomized controlled trial, we recruited 16 international tennis players (11 male, 5 female; Mage = 17.31, SD = 0.87 years), who were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (IG; n = 8) or a control group (CG; n = 8). Those in the IG received 10 multimodal BFB sessions over four weeks, while those in the CG received no intervention. We assessed physiological, psychological, and cognitive parameters before and after the intervention and found a positive effect for skin temperature, state anxiety, and cognitive performance in the IG versus the CG. We provide preliminary data that 10 sessions of multimodal BFB improved cognitive functions and reduced anxiety symptoms in international tennis players. Future investigators should consider increasing sample size, incorporating an active CG, and studying these effects across diverse athletic disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Makaracı
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Yücel Makaracı
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Erdal Zorba
- Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Franziska Lautenbach
- Institute of Sport Science, Sport Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Zhang J, Zhang Z, Peng S, Veloo A, Bailey RP, Tan WH. Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Sport Anxiety Scale-2. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1260253. [PMID: 38023018 PMCID: PMC10650591 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1260253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) is a validated measure of sports trait anxiety, with promising psychometric properties. However, its cross-cultural applicability in Chinese samples remains unexplored. Thus, the primary objectives of this study were twofold: to translate the SAS-2 into Chinese and assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version. Methods In Study 1, we initiated the translation of the SAS-2 into Chinese. This assessment involved bilingual Chinese students proficient in both English and Chinese. Additionally, we conducted a cross-linguistic measurement invariance analysis. In Study 2, we delved into the psychometric properties of the Chinese SAS-2 using a sample of Chinese student athletes. This examination encompassed an evaluation of its factor structure, convergent and discriminant validity, and measurement invariance across genders. Results Our findings in Study 1 indicated no significant differences in item scores between the Chinese SAS-2 and the English version, and measurement invariance across languages. In Study 2, we uncovered that the Chinese SAS-2 and its factors exhibited excellent reliability, with Cronbach's alpha values exceeding 0.80. Confirmatory factor analyses upheld the original three-factor model, demonstrating acceptable model fit indices (CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.08). Furthermore, all three factors of the Chinese SAS-2 displayed significant and positive correlations with athlete burnout and State-Trait anxiety. Additionally, this study elucidated the mediating role of Concentration Disruption (Somatic anxiety and Concentration Disruption) in the relationship between the Trait (State) anxiety, and athlete burnout. Moreover, we identified measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the SAS-2 across genders. Finally, female college athletes exhibited significantly higher scores in somatic anxiety and worry compared to their male counterparts. Discussion In sum, our findings affirm that the Chinese version of the SAS-2 demonstrates robust reliability and correlates effectively with related criteria, thus validating its suitability for use in a Chinese context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- School of General Education, Chongqing Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shuo Peng
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Arts and Physical Education, The Open University of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Arsaythamby Veloo
- School of Education and Modern Languages, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Bukit Kayu Hitam, Malaysia
| | - Richard Peter Bailey
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wee Hoe Tan
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Makaracı Y, Makaracı M, Zorba E, Lautenbach F. A Pilot Study of the Biofeedback Training to Reduce Salivary Cortisol Level and Improve Mental Health in Highly-Trained Female Athletes. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2023; 48:357-367. [PMID: 37204539 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-023-09589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biofeedback (BFB) training can provide a useful resource for athletes to cope with stress. However, the effects of BFB training on acute and chronic endocrine stress responses, parasympathetic activity, and mental health in competitive athletes have not been explored yet. This pilot study examined the effects of a 7-week BFB training on psychophysiological parameters in highly trained female athletes. Six highly trained female volleyball players (mean age: 17.50 ± 1.05 years) volunteered to participate in the study. Athletes individually attended 21-session heart rate variability (HRV)-BFB training consisting of six minutes for 7 weeks. A BFB device (Nexus 10) was used to measure the athletes' physiological responses reflecting HRV. To assess the cortisol awakening response (CAR), saliva samples were collected immediately after awakening and 15 min, 30 min, and 60 min post-awakening. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 was filled out before and after the intervention to assess mental health. Furthermore, athletes provided saliva samples during eight sessions pre- and immediately post-session. Mid-day cortisol levels decreased significantly after the intervention. No significant change was observed in CAR and physiological responses after the intervention. A significant decrease in cortisol level was observed in BFB sessions in which cortisol level was assessed, except for two sessions. We concluded that short sessions of 7-week HRV-BFB training could be used as an effective method to control autonomic functions and stress of female athletes. Although the present study provides strong evidence for the psychophysiological well-being of athletes, further investigations with larger samples are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yücel Makaracı
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey.
| | - Melek Makaracı
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Erdal Zorba
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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4
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Rydzik Ł, Wąsacz W, Ambroży T, Javdaneh N, Brydak K, Kopańska M. The Use of Neurofeedback in Sports Training: Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040660. [PMID: 37190625 PMCID: PMC10136619 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofeedback training is a method commonly used in various fields of life, for example, in medicine, sports training or business. In recent studies, it has been shown that biofeedback, and neurofeedback, can affect the performance of professional athletes. Training based on the neurofeedback method includes exercising the brain waves. The aim of the article is to evaluate the influence of neurofeedback training on the physical fitness of professional athletes representing various sports disciplines, such as judo, volleyball and soccer. Based on 10 scientific papers from various sources, including PubMed, the latest research on neurofeedback and its impact on athletes has been reviewed. On the basis of the literature review from 2012 to 2022 on the neurofeedback method in sports training, it can be stated that this type of practice has a significant impact on physical fitness and sports performance. This review comprised 10 research studies with 491 participants in the neurofeedback groups, and 62 participants in the control group. Two reviewers independently extracted data and evaluated the quality of the studies utilising the PEDro scale. Properly planned and conducted neurofeedback training affects stimulation and improvement of many variables (reducing stress levels, increasing the ability to self-control physiological factors, enhancing behavioural efficiency and meliorating the speed of reaction to a stimulus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Rydzik
- Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (Ł.R.); (M.K.)
| | - Wojciech Wąsacz
- Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Ambroży
- Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Norollah Javdaneh
- Department of Biomechanics and Sports Injuries, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Tehran 14911-15719, Iran
| | - Karolina Brydak
- Student Science Club “Reh-Tech”, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Marta Kopańska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Correspondence: (Ł.R.); (M.K.)
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5
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Cnossen ARM, Maarsingh BM, Jerčić P, Rosier I. The Effects of Stress Mindset, Manipulated Through Serious Game Intervention, on Performance and Situation Awareness of Elite Female Football Players in the Context of a Match: An Experimental Study. Games Health J 2022; 12:158-167. [PMID: 36595344 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2022.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Performance levels in football are ever more important and no longer are just physical, technical, and tactical skills, the ones that make an athlete stand out. Cognitive variables, such as stress-coping, become more important and seem to be explaining differences in performance, for example, through reaching an optimal level of arousal. In addition, it is suggested that stress-coping skills also affect situation awareness (SA), important for decision-making in the complex and dynamic situations in football. Objective: This study was conducted to examine how stress-coping skills, such as stress mindset, affect performance and SA in the context of a football match. Methods: Twenty elite female football players participated in the study. The final sample size consisted of 15 players for the Stress Mindset Measure (SMM) analysis and 8 players for the multilevel model analyses. Two types of intervention were used to manipulate stress mindset and control over heart rate variability (HRV); a serious game called "Stressjam," and a reflection tool called "Brainjam." Questionnaires for stress mindset and SA and video analysis for performance were used. A total of three matches were assessed. Results: The "Stressjam" intervention resulted in significant differences in stress mindset throughout the intervention [F(1,5) = 7.357, P = 0.008]. Subsequently, multilevel analysis showed a positive, strong, and significant correlation between stress mindset, manipulated through "Stressjam" and SA [r(14) = 0.69, P = 0.014]. A correlation of practical interest, given the confidence intervals, was found between stress mindset, manipulated through "Stressjam," and performance. Conclusion: Cognitive variables, such as stress-coping, correlate significantly with SA in football. A correlation of practical interest was found between stress-coping and performance. Further research is needed to study the relationship between stress-coping and performance in football.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernard M Maarsingh
- Jamzone, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.,Department of Postmaster Education PPO, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Petar Jerčić
- Jamzone, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Litwic-Kaminska K, Kotyśko M, Pracki T, Wiłkość-Dębczyńska M, Stankiewicz B. The Effect of Autogenic Training in a Form of Audio Recording on Sleep Quality and Physiological Stress Reactions of University Athletes-Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16043. [PMID: 36498114 PMCID: PMC9737934 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing popularity of relaxation training, the effectiveness of an autogenic training (AT) as a method of dealing with sleep problems in group of student athletes is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to fill this gap. University athletes with decreased sleep quality (selected from 209 participants) were randomly assigned to the experimental (EG, n = 11) and control (CG, n = 11) groups similar in terms of sleep quality, age, gender, type of sport discipline and sport experience. During the 14 days dedicated to performing relaxation training in the form of an audio recording, electronic daily logs and actigraphy were used to monitor the athletes' sleep and daily activity. The EG listened to the recording with suggestions based on AT and CG only to the background music. Pre- and post-measurements of sleep quality by means of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and physiological stress reactions by biofeedback device were performed. In EG and CG, the parameters of sleep and daily activity obtained by actigraphy and daily logs as well as physiological indicators of emotional reactivity did not differ. Sleep quality in PSQI significantly increased after AT usage in EG. AT seems to be an effective method for university athletes in improving subjective sleep quality, but further studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martyna Kotyśko
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Development and Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pracki
- Faculty of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Błażej Stankiewicz
- Institute of Physical Culture, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Ren P, Song T, Chi L, Wang X, Miao X. The Adverse Effect of Anxiety on Dynamic Anticipation Performance. Front Psychol 2022; 13:823989. [PMID: 35310248 PMCID: PMC8929277 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.823989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticipation is a crucial perceptual-cognitive skill in fast-ball sports, and the effect of high anxiety on performance has attracted more attention from sports psychologists. Related studies mainly focus on the effect of anxiety on influencing processing efficiency and attentional control (top-down vs. bottom-up) during information processing in sport. Attentional Control Theory (ACT) has been supported by several studies. However, these studies have been criticized by the low ecological validity of task design, such as neglecting the dynamic process of anticipation, and inadequate performance analysis, such as analyzing response accuracy and time separately. Using temporal occlusion paradigm, we tested ACT in a dynamic anticipation process. Eighteen skilled and eighteen less-skilled table tennis players were required to anticipate the serves of opponents under dynamic task constraints (early vs. late occlusion) and anxiety conditions (high vs. low anxiety). High cognitive state anxiety decreased processing efficiency (response time/response accuracy) for both groups whereas performance effectiveness (response accuracy) did not differ. In addition, it negatively affected processing efficiency in early anticipation compared with late anticipation tasks, suggesting that high cognitive state anxiety may have a greater impact on top-down attentional control. Our findings provide support for ACT and show that anxiety impairs anticipation efficiency and performance, possibly due to an ineffectively attentional shift from external kinematic cues to internal long-term working memory. Findings also have implications for the adaptation of attentional strategies and anxiolytic training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Ren
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,School of Physical Education, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Tingwei Song
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhong Chi
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuying Miao
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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8
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Recreational Screen Time and Anxiety among College Athletes: Findings from Shanghai. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147470. [PMID: 34299928 PMCID: PMC8306689 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the behavioral factors contributing to the mental health status among student athletes, we examined the link between recreational screen time and college student athlete’s anxieties. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 278 college student athletes from Shanghai, China, aged between 17 and 25 years old (M = 19.4, SD = 1.5). Multivariate regression analyses, controlled for age, gender, rural vs. urban residency, and individual vs. team sports factors, were performed to analyze the association between their average daily recreational screen time in a week and their dispositional anxiety, pre-competition anxiety, and anxiety during competition, which were measured by the Chinese version of validated psychometric scales among athlete population. Significant results were found in both dispositional anxiety and situational anxiety in relation to recreational screen time among college athletes. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that excessive recreational screen time is a risk indicator of college student athletes’ dispositional anxiety, pre-competition anxiety, and anxiety during competition.
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9
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Borges U, Lobinger B, Javelle F, Watson M, Mosley E, Laborde S. Using Slow-Paced Breathing to Foster Endurance, Well-Being, and Sleep Quality in Athletes During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:624655. [PMID: 34054642 PMCID: PMC8155704 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.624655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been causing major disruptions in the sporting world. Negative physiological and psychological effects on athletes have been reported, such as respiratory issues and increased stress. Therefore, it is timely to support this population by presenting cost-effective and accessible intervention techniques to reduce this impact. Slow-paced breathing (SPB) has the potential to counteract many of the detrimental effects of COVID-19 that can directly affect sports performance. In this article, we present and justify the use of SPB in athletes by focusing on three key outcomes, namely aerobic endurance performance, emotional well-being, and sleep quality. We examine the physiological mechanisms that underpin these three outcomes and review literature showing that SPB can activate anti-inflammatory pathways, increase lung capacity and, in turn, improve aerobic endurance, emotional well-being, and sleep quality. We conclude that interventions using SPB can have preventive and rehabilitative properties for athletes. Future studies should empirically test the potential of SPB to help this specific population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uirassu Borges
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Social and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Babett Lobinger
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Javelle
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthew Watson
- Department of Social and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Emma Mosley
- Department of Sport Science and Performance, Solent University, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvain Laborde
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- UFR STAPS, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
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10
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Šlosar L, de Bruin ED, Fontes EB, Plevnik M, Pisot R, Simunic B, Marusic U. Additional Exergames to Regular Tennis Training Improves Cognitive-Motor Functions of Children but May Temporarily Affect Tennis Technique: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Psychol 2021; 12:611382. [PMID: 33790833 PMCID: PMC8005621 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.611382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of an exergame program (TennisVirtua-4, Playstation Kinect) combined with traditional tennis training on autonomic regulation, tennis technique, gross motor skills, clinical reaction time, and cognitive inhibitory control in children. Sixty-three children were randomized into four groups (1st - two exergame and two regular trainings sessions/week, 2nd - one exergame and one regular training sessions/week, 3rd - two regular trainings sessions/week, and 4th - one regular training session/week) and compared at baseline, 6-month immediately post intervention and at 1-year follow-up post intervention. At 6-month post intervention the combined exergame and regular training sessions revealed: higher breathing frequency, heart rate (all ps ≤ 0.001) and lower skin conductance levels (p = 0.001) during exergaming; additional benefits in the point of contact and kinetic chain elements of the tennis forehand and backhand technique (all ps ≤ 0.001); negative impact on the shot preparation and the follow-through elements (all ps ≤ 0.017); higher ball skills (as part of the gross motor skills) (p < 0.001); higher percentages of clinical reaction time improvement (1st -9.7% vs 3rd group -7.4% and 2nd -6.6% vs 4th group -4.4%, all ps ≤ 0.003) and cognitive inhibitory control improvement in both congruent (1st -20.5% vs 3rd group -18.4% and 2nd -11.5% vs 4th group -9.6%, all ps ≤ 0.05) and incongruent (1st group -19.1% vs 3rd group -12.5% and 2nd group -11.4% vs 4th group -6.5%, all ps ≤ 0.001) trials. The 1-year follow-up test showed no differences in the tennis technique, clinical reaction time and cognitive inhibitory control improvement between groups with the same number of trainings per week. The findings support exergaming as an additional training tool, aimed to improve important cognitive-motor tennis skills by adding dynamics to the standardized training process. Caution should be placed to planning this training, e.g., in a mesocycle, since exergaming might decrease the improvement of specific tennis technique parts of the trainees. (ClinicalTrials.gov; ID: NCT03946436).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Šlosar
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Eling D de Bruin
- Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eduardo Bodnariuc Fontes
- Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Matej Plevnik
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Rado Pisot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Bostjan Simunic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Uros Marusic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia.,Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea - ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
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11
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Abstract
This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effect of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) on performance of athletes. Six electronic databases (Springerlink, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PROQUEST Academic Research Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect) and article references were searched. Eligibility criteria were: 1. experimental studies involving athletes randomly allocated among groups (randomized control trial); 2. availability of HRV BFB as a treatment compared to a control condition (CON) that involves regular sport/dance training, a placebo (PLA) or other methods of BFB; 3. performance-related variables such as a dependent index; and, 4. peer-reviewed articles written in English. Out of 660 articles, six studies were included in the systematic review which involved 187 athletes (females: n = 89; males n = 98). Six studies compared HRV BFB with a CON, three studies compared HRV BFB with a PLA, and two studies differentiated HRV BFB with other methods of BFB. Findings support HRV BFB as a potential intervention to improve fine and gross motor function in athletes.
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12
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Celka P, Charlton PH, Farukh B, Chowienczyk P, Alastruey J. Influence of mental stress on the pulse wave features of photoplethysmograms. Healthc Technol Lett 2019; 7:7-12. [PMID: 32190335 PMCID: PMC7067056 DOI: 10.1049/htl.2019.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental stress is a major burden for our society. Invasive and non-invasive methods have been proposed to monitor and quantify it using various sensors on and off body. In this Letter, the authors investigated the use of the arm photoplethysmogram (PPG) to assess mental stress in laboratory conditions. Results were in correspondence with their previous in-silico study which guided the present study. Three wave shape parameters were identified for stress assessment from the PPG signal: (i) the time from dicrotic notch to end diastole; (ii) the time from pulse onset to systolic peak; and (iii) the ratio of diastolic to systolic area. The proposed in-vivo results showed that the two first parameters responded significantly to increased mental stress and to a breathing relaxation procedure, complementing heart rate, heart rate variability, and pulse transit time as indices of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Celka
- Polar Electro Oy, Professorintie 5, 90440 Kempele, Finland
| | - Peter H Charlton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Bushra Farukh
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Philip Chowienczyk
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jordi Alastruey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London SE1 7EH, UK.,Institute of Personalized Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
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13
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Mason EB, Burkhart K, Lazebnik R. Adolescent Stress Management in a Primary Care Clinic. J Pediatr Health Care 2019; 33:178-185. [PMID: 30190185 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that adolescents be screened for mental health concerns and receive anticipatory guidance on stress management strategies. METHODS Eighty-six participants (50 participants in the intervention group; 36 participants in the control group) participated in the study. Intervention group participants received training in diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and use of no-cost/low-cost exercise options. Biofeedback was used to guide relaxation. Subjective distress and heart rate variability was measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS After the intervention, decreased levels of perceived stress and increased heart rate variability were reported compared with the control group. DISCUSSION This study show that an integrated care model in a primary care setting is feasible and effective at improving stress management.
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14
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Yu B, Funk M, Hu J, Wang Q, Feijs L. Biofeedback for Everyday Stress Management: A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fict.2018.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Burkhart K, Mason E, Lazebnik R. Stress Management Intervention: A Pilot Evaluation in an Urban Adolescent Medicine Clinic. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2018; 57:700-705. [PMID: 28969459 DOI: 10.1177/0009922817733704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Thirty patients aged 11 to 21 years presenting in an adolescent medicine clinic received a one-time stress management intervention. The intervention included psychoeducation on the effect stress has on the body and the positive benefits of exercise, diaphragmatic breathing, and progressive muscle relaxation. The intervention also included use of a biofeedback game to aid in relaxation. Analyses revealed an association between higher levels of internalizing symptoms and perceived stress. A clinically significant decrease in subjective distress was endorsed at post-intervention. Ninety-three percent of participants reported that the intervention was helpful and that they had the requisite knowledge to practice stress management strategies outside of the clinic. At a one-week follow-up, of the 23 participants who were able to be reached, 22 wanted to participate in additional training. Findings suggest that a one-time stress management intervention can be beneficial for patients and easily incorporated within a primary care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Burkhart
- 1 Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mason
- 1 Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rina Lazebnik
- 1 Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Grafetstätter C, Gaisberger M, Prossegger J, Ritter M, Kolarž P, Pichler C, Thalhamer J, Hartl A. Does waterfall aerosol influence mucosal immunity and chronic stress? A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Physiol Anthropol 2017; 36:10. [PMID: 28086991 PMCID: PMC5237191 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-016-0117-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The specific microclimate of alpine waterfalls with high levels of ionized water aerosols has been suggested to trigger beneficial immunological and psychological effects. In the present three-armed randomized controlled clinical study, we focused on effects on (i) immunological reagibility, on (ii) physiological stress responses, and on (iii) stress-related psychological parameters. METHODS People with moderate to high stress levels (n = 65) spent an active sojourn with daily hiking tours in the National Park Hohe Tauern (Großkirchheim, Austria). Half of the group was exposed to water aerosol of an alpine waterfall for 1 h/day (first arm, n = 33), whereas the other half spent the same time at a distant site (second arm, n = 32). A third arm (control, n = 26) had no intervention (except vaccination) and stayed at home, maintaining their usual lifestyle. The effect of the interventions on the immune system was tested by oral vaccination with an approved cholera vaccine and measuring specific salivary IgA antibody titers. Lung function was determined by peak expiratory flow measurement. Electric skin conductance, heart rate, and adaption of respiration rate were assessed as physiological stress parameters. Psychological stress-related parameters were analyzed by questionnaires and scales. RESULTS Compared to the control group, both intervention groups showed improvement of the lung function and of most physiological stress test parameters. Analysis of the mucosal immune response revealed a waterfall-specific beneficial effect with elevated IgA titers in the waterfall group. In line with these results, exposure to waterfall revealed an additional benefit concerning psychological parameters such as subjective stress perception (measured via visual analog scale), the Global Severity Index (GSI), and the Positive Symptom Total (PST). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new data, which strongly support an "added value" of exposure to waterfall microclimate when combined with a therapeutic sojourn at high altitude including regular physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Grafetstätter
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Gaisberger
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Gastein Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department for Radon Therapy Research, Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johanna Prossegger
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Markus Ritter
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Gastein Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department for Radon Therapy Research, Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Predrag Kolarž
- Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Christina Pichler
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Josef Thalhamer
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Arnulf Hartl
- Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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