1
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Hagar FF, Abbas SH, Atef E, Abdelhamid D, Abdel-Aziz M. Benzimidazole scaffold as a potent anticancer agent with different mechanisms of action (2016-2023). Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10907-8. [PMID: 39031290 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Benzimidazole scaffolds have potent anticancer activity due to their structure similarity to nucleoside. In addition, benzimidazoles could function as hydrogen donors or acceptors and bind to different drug targets that participate in cancer progression. The literature had many anticancer agents containing benzimidazole cores that gained much interest. Provoked by our endless interest in benzimidazoles as anticancer agents, we summarized the successful trials of the benzimidazole scaffolds in this concern. Moreover, we discuss the substantial opportunities in cancer treatment using benzimidazole-based drugs that may direct medicinal chemists for a compelling future design of more active chemotherapeutic agents with potential clinical applications. The uniqueness of this work lies in the highlighted benzimidazole scaffold hybridization with different molecules and benzimidazole-metal complexes, detailed mechanisms of action, and the IC50 of the developed compounds determined by different laboratories after 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Fouad Hagar
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Eman Atef
- College of Pharmacy, West Coast University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dalia Abdelhamid
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
- Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ohio, USA.
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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2
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Mansour AM, Khaled RM, Ferraro G, Shehab OR, Merlino A. Metal-based carbon monoxide releasing molecules with promising cytotoxic properties. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9612-9656. [PMID: 38808485 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00087k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide, the "silent killer" gas, is increasingly recognised as an important signalling molecule in human physiology, which has beneficial biological properties. A particular way of achieving controlled CO administration is based on the use of biocompatible molecules that only release CO when triggered by internal or external factors. These approaches include the development of pharmacologically effective prodrugs known as CO releasing molecules (CORMs), which can supply biological systems with CO in well-regulated doses. An overview of transition metal-based CORMs with cytotoxic properties is here reported. The mechanisms at the basis of the biological activities of these molecules and their potential therapeutical applications with respect to their stability and CO releasing properties have been discussed. The activation of metal-based CORMs is determined by the type of metal and by the nature and features of the auxiliary ligands, which affect the metal core electronic density and therefore the prodrug resistance towards oxidation and CO release ability. A major role in regulating the cytotoxic properties of these CORMs is played by CO and/or CO-depleted species. However, several mysteries concerning the cytotoxicity of CORMs remain as intriguing questions for scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Rabaa M Khaled
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ola R Shehab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
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3
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Arı E, Şahin N, Üstün E, Dündar M, Karcı H, Özdemir İ, Koç A, Gürbüz N, Özdemir İ. Synthesis, antimicrobial activity and molecular docking study of benzyl functionalized benzimidazole silver(I) complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:725-736. [PMID: 37934281 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-02024-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a series of N-functionalized benzimidazole silver(I) complexes were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, 1H, 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Synthesized N-benzylbenzimidazole silver(I) complexes were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and the fungal strains Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. The results indicated that N-alkylbenzimidazole silver(I) complexes exhibited good antimicrobial activity compared to N-alkylbenzimidazole derivatives. Especially, complex 2e presented perfect antimicrobial activity than the other complexes. The characterized molecules were optimized by DFT-based calculation methods and the optimized molecules were analyzed in detail by molecular docking methods against bacterial DNA-gyrase and CYP51. The amino acid residues detected for both target molecules are consistent with expectations, and the calculated binding affinities and inhibition constants are promising for further studies. A series of N-alkylbenzimidazole silver(I) complexes were synthesized and fully characterized by means of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FT-IR spectroscopies. Synthesized N-alkylbenzimidazole silver(I) complexes were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and the fungal strains Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. All complexes showed better activity according to Ampicilin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The molecules which were firstly optimized by DFT-based calculation methods were also analyzed by molecular docking methods against DNA gyrase of E. Coli and CYP51. 338 × 190 mm (96 × 96 DPI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Arı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Şahin
- Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Cumhuriyet University, 58040, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Elvan Üstün
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Ordu University, 52200, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Dündar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
- Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Karcı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
- Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - İlknur Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
- Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Koç
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Nevin Gürbüz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
- Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
- Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
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4
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Li SR, Tan YM, Zhang L, Zhou CH. Comprehensive Insights into Medicinal Research on Imidazole-Based Supramolecular Complexes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1348. [PMID: 37242590 PMCID: PMC10222694 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The electron-rich five-membered aromatic aza-heterocyclic imidazole, which contains two nitrogen atoms, is an important functional fragment widely present in a large number of biomolecules and medicinal drugs; its unique structure is beneficial to easily bind with various inorganic or organic ions and molecules through noncovalent interactions to form a variety of supramolecular complexes with broad medicinal potential, which is being paid an increasing amount of attention regarding more and more contributions to imidazole-based supramolecular complexes for possible medicinal application. This work gives systematical and comprehensive insights into medicinal research on imidazole-based supramolecular complexes, including anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory aspects as well as ion receptors, imaging agents, and pathologic probes. The new trend of the foreseeable research in the near future toward imidazole-based supramolecular medicinal chemistry is also prospected. It is hoped that this work provides beneficial help for the rational design of imidazole-based drug molecules and supramolecular medicinal agents and more effective diagnostic agents and pathological probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Rui Li
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yi-Min Tan
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Chemical Technology, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Cheng-He Zhou
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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5
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Gurav SS, Waghmode KT, Lotlikar OA, Dandekar SN, Jadhav SR. An Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Aryl-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazoles with Amberlite IR-120(H) as a Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2022.2090221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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6
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Thomas JM, Vidhyapriya P, Sivan AK, Sakthivel N, Sivasankar C. Synthesis, spectroscopic, CO‐releasing ability, and anticancer activity studies of [Mn(CO)
3
(L–L)Br] complexes: Experimental and density functional theory studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jisha Mary Thomas
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
| | - Pitchavel Vidhyapriya
- Department of Biotechnology Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
| | - Akhil K. Sivan
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
| | - Natarajan Sakthivel
- Department of Biotechnology Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
| | - Chinnappan Sivasankar
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Pondicherry University (A Central University) Puducherry India
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7
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Üstün E, Düşünceli SD, Coşkun F, Özdemir İ. Molybdenum Carbonyl Complexes with Benzimidazole Derivatives Against SARS-CoV-2 by Molecular Docking and DFT/TDDFT Methods. JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOPHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s2737416521500502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzimidazole derivative molecules attract attention of scientists due to their bioactivities. The dramatic changes in recorded activities according to the type and position of the substituents motivate synthesis and analysis of new molecules. Commercial benzimidazole-based molecules have been used in therapeutic procedures. It is known that the activities of metal complexes with benzimidazole derivative ligands have different activities when compared to the benzimidazole main structure. Nowadays, one of the most important health problems is COVID-19, which caused the pandemic that we are still experiencing. Although vaccine studies are important to overcome acute problems, regarding the possible post-vaccination adverse effects, the need for new drugs against the virus is obvious. Considering the urgency and the limited facilities during the pandemic, preliminary in silico studies of candidate molecules are essential. In this study, {[bis-(N-benzylbenzimidazole)] tetracarbonylmolybdenum}, {[bis-(N-4-chlorobenzylbenzimidazole)] tetracarbonylmolybdenum} and {[bis-(N-4-methoxybenzylbenzimidazole)] tetracarbonylmolybdenum} were synthesized and characterized. The optimization and the structural analysis of these molecules were performed by DFT/TDDFT methods. The molecules were docked into SARS coronavirus main peptidase (PDB ID: 2gtb), COVID-19 main protease in complex with Z219104216 (PDB ID: 5r82), COVID-19 main protease in complex with an inhibitor N3 (PDB ID: 6lu7) and Papain-like protease of SARS-CoV-2 (PDB ID: 6w9c) crystal structures for evaluation of their anti-viral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvan Üstün
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey
| | - Serpil Demir Düşünceli
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Art and Science, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Feyzullah Coşkun
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Art and Science, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Art and Science, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
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8
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Üstün E, Şahin N, Çelik C, Tutar U, Özdemir N, Gürbüz N, Özdemir İ. Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity, and molecular docking analysis of NHC precursors and their Ag-NHC complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15400-15412. [PMID: 34647935 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02003j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms attach to surfaces and interfaces and form biofilms which create a sheltered area for host cell response. Therefore, biofilms provide troubles in fields such as medicine, food, and pharmaceuticals. Inhibition of formation of biofilms through hindering of quorum sensing could be a method for the production of new generation antibiotics. In this study, four new benzimidazole type NHC precursors (1-allyl-3-benzyl-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolium chloride, 1-allyl-3-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolium chloride, 1-allyl-3-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolium chloride, and 1-allyl-3-(2,3,4,5,6-pentamethylbenzyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolium chloride and Ag-NHC complexes of these molecules were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H, and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy, LC-MS, and single crystal crystallography. Antimicrobial and biofilm formation inhibition activities of the molecules were evaluated. In addition, the activities of the molecules were examined in detail by molecular docking analysis. According to the results obtained, higher activity was achieved with the complex molecules when compared with the benzimidazole derivative ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvan Üstün
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Şahin
- Department of Basic Education, Faculty of Education, Cumhuriyet University, 58040, Sivas, Turkey.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Cem Çelik
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Uğur Tutar
- Department of Botanica, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkey
| | - Namık Özdemir
- Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Nevin Gürbüz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
- Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
- Drug Application and Research Center, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
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9
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Ibrahim NM, Khaled RM, Ragheb MA, Radacki K, Farag AM, Mansour AM. Light-activated cytotoxicity of dicarbonyl Ru(II) complexes with a benzimidazole coligand towards breast cancer. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15389-15399. [PMID: 34647551 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02296b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction between [RuCl2(CO)2]n and 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl-(N-phenyl)amine ligands (LR) functionalized with various electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents on the phenyl ring (R = H, 4-CH3, 4-Cl, 4-COOCH3, and 3-COOCH3) afforded the dark-stable photoactivatable carbon monoxide prodrugs of the general formula [RuCl2(CO)2LR]. Release of the CO molecules from the Ru(II) compounds was examined by monitoring the electronic and IR spectra upon illumination at 365 nm. A noticeable decrease in the intensities of the two characteristic ν(CO) modes for Ru(CO)II2 species, and the growth of two new bands for the mono-carbonyl species and free CO, were the main features of the photolysis profiles. The cytotoxicity of the complexes towards breast cancer (MCF-7) cells was assessed with and without illumination at 365 nm. All the complexes except that with a 4-COOCH3 group (IC50 = 45.08 ± 3.5 μM) are nontoxic under dark conditions. Upon illumination, all the compounds acquired cytotoxicity in the following order: H > 4-COOCH3 > 4-CH3 > 4-Cl > 3-COOCH3. Investigation of the cytotoxicity of the CO-depleted fragments showed that the light-induced cytotoxicity can be attributed to the liberated CO and CO-depleted metal fragments, including the liberated benzimidazole ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan M Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Rabaa M Khaled
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Ragheb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ahmad M Farag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
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10
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Manganese(I) tricarbonyl complexes as potential anticancer agents. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 27:49-64. [PMID: 34713347 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01910-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The antiproliferative activity of [Mn(CO)3(N^N)Br] (N^N = phendione 1, bipy 3) and of the two newly synthesized Mn complexes [Mn(CO)3(acridine)(phendione)]OTf (2) and [Mn(CO)3(di-triazole)Br] (4) has been evaluated by MTS against three tumor cell lines A2780 (ovarian carcinoma), HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma), HCT116doxR (colorectal carcinoma resistant to doxorubicin), and in human dermal fibroblasts. The antiproliferative assay showed a dose-dependent effect higher in complex 1 and 2 with a selectivity toward ovarian carcinoma cell line 21 times higher than in human fibroblasts. Exposure of A2780 cells to IC50 concentrations of complex 1 and 2 led to an increase of reactive oxygen species that led to the activation of cell death mechanisms, namely via intrinsic apoptosis for 2 and autophagy and extrinsic apoptosis for 1. Both complexes do not target DNA or interfere with cell cycle progression but are able to potentiate cell migration and neovascularization (for 2) an indicative that their application might be directed for initial tumor stages to avoid tumor invasion and metastization and opening a new avenue for complex 2 application in regenerative medicine. Interestingly, both complexes do not show toxicity in both in vivo models (CAM and zebrafish).
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11
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Tien Vo TT, Vo QC, Tuan VP, Wee Y, Cheng HC, Lee IT. The potentials of carbon monoxide-releasing molecules in cancer treatment: An outlook from ROS biology and medicine. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102124. [PMID: 34507160 PMCID: PMC8427320 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is now well recognized a pivotal endogenous signaling molecule in mammalian lives. The proof-of-concept employing chemical carriers of exogenous CO as prodrugs for CO release, also known as CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs), has been appreciated. The major advantage of CO-RMs is that they are able to deliver CO to the target sites in a controlled manner. There is an increasing body of experimental studies suggesting the therapeutic potentials of CO and CO-RMs in different cancer models. This review firstly presents a short but crucial view concerning the characteristics of CO and CO-RMs. Then, the anticancer activities of CO-RMs that target many cancer hallmarks, mainly proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion and metastasis, are discussed. However, their anticancer activities are varying and cell-type specific. The aerobic metabolism of molecular oxygen inevitably generates various oxygen-containing reactive metabolites termed reactive oxygen species (ROS) which play important roles in both physiology and pathophysiology. Although ROS act as a double-edged sword in cancer, both sides of which may potentially have been exploited for therapeutic benefits. The main focus of the present review is thus to identify the possible signaling network by which CO-RMs can exert their anticancer actions, where ROS play the central role. Another important issue concerning the potential effect of CO-RMs on the aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) which is a feature of cancer metabolic reprogramming is given before the conclusion with future prospects on the challenges of developing CO-RMs into clinically pharmaceutical candidates in cancer therapy. CO-RMs as pro-drugs for controlled CO delivery are potentially beneficial in cancer treatment. Anticancer activities of CO-RMs are varying and cell-type specific. Anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic effects are major niches. ROS may play a central role in the molecular pathways underlying anticancer activities of CO-RMs. CO-RMs can act against Warburg effect, a feature of cancer metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Tien Vo
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Quang Canh Vo
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science, Dental Research Institute and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Vo Phuoc Tuan
- Endoscopy Department, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Yinshen Wee
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hsin-Chung Cheng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Mishra I, Priyatharsini M, Sathiyendiran M. Synthesis and characterization of binuclear manganese carbonyl complex of 1,4-bis(2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazol-1-yl)benzene and dimethylaminopyridine. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Hernández-Romero D, Rosete-Luna S, López-Monteon A, Chávez-Piña A, Pérez-Hernández N, Marroquín-Flores J, Cruz-Navarro A, Pesado-Gómez G, Morales-Morales D, Colorado-Peralta R. First-row transition metal compounds containing benzimidazole ligands: An overview of their anticancer and antitumor activity. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Zinc complexes with 1-(1H-benzimidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-benzotriazole: the structure, quantum chemical calculations, and luminescence properties. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2973-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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15
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Khandebharad AU, Sarda SR, Gill C, Agrawal BR. An Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Imidazoles Catalyzed by 3-N-Morpholinopropanesulfonic Acid (MOPS) under Ultrasound Irradiation. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2020.1804773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charansingh Gill
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
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16
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Raja D, Philips A, Palani P, Lin WY, Devikala S, Senadi GC. Metal-Free Synthesis of Benzimidazoles via Oxidative Cyclization of d-Glucose with o-Phenylenediamines in Water. J Org Chem 2020; 85:11531-11540. [PMID: 32786645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
d-Glucose has been identified as an efficient C1 synthon in the synthesis of benzimidazoles from o-phenylenediamines via an oxidative cyclization strategy. Isotopic studies with 13C6-d-glucose and D2O unambiguously confirmed the source of methine. The notable features of this method include the following: broad functional group tolerance, a biorenewable methine source, excellent reaction yields, a short reaction time, water as an environmentally benign solvent, and the synthesis of vitamin B12 component on the gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dineshkumar Raja
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Abigail Philips
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Pushbaraj Palani
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shiquan First Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Sundaramurthy Devikala
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Gopal Chandru Senadi
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
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First used of Alkylbenzimidazole-Cobalt(II) complexes as a catalyst for the N-Alkylation of amines with alcohols under solvent-free medium. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Rossier J, Delasoie J, Haeni L, Hauser D, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Zobi F. Cytotoxicity of Mn-based photoCORMs of ethynyl-α-diimine ligands against different cancer cell lines: The key role of CO-depleted metal fragments. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 209:111122. [PMID: 32497818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of tricarbonyl manganese complexes bearing 4-ethynyl-2,2'-bipyridine and 5-ethynyl-1,10-phenanthroline α-diimine ligands were synthetized, characterized and conjugated to vitamin B12, previously used as a vector for drug delivery, to take advantage of its water solubility and specificity toward cancer cells. The compounds act as photoactivatable carbon monoxide-releasing molecules rapidly liberating on average ca. 2.3 equivalents of CO upon photo-irradiation. Complexes and conjugates were tested for their anticancer effects, both in the dark and following photo-activation, against breast cancer MCF-7, lung carcinoma A549 and colon adenocarcinoma HT29 cell lines as well as immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells 16HBE14o- as the non-carcinogenic control. Our results indicate that the light-induced cytotoxicity these molecules can be attributed to both their released CO and to their CO-depleted metal fragments including liberated ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Rossier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Delasoie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laetitia Haeni
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hauser
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabio Zobi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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19
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Heydari R, Motieiyan E, Aliabadi A, Abdolmaleki S, Ghadermazi M, Yarmohammadi N. Synthesis, crystallographic studies, electrochemical and in vitro cytotoxicity properties of two Mn(II) and U(IV) complexes containing dipicolinic acid and 4-dimethylaminopyridine. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Abbas S, Rashid F, Ulker E, Zaib S, Ayub K, Ullah S, Nadeem MA, Yousuf S, Ludwig R, Ali S, Iqbal J. Anticancer evaluation of a manganese complex on HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cells: design, deterministic solvothermal synthesis approach, Hirshfeld analysis, DNA binding, intracellular reactive oxygen species production, electrochemical characterization and density functional theory. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:1068-1081. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1726818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saghir Abbas
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Rashid
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Emine Ulker
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Ullah
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sammer Yousuf
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ralf Ludwig
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
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21
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Şahin N, Şahin-Bölükbaşı S, Marşan H. Synthesis and antitumor activity of new silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1697808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Şahin
- Department of Basic Education, Faculty of Education, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, University of İnönü, Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, University of İnönü, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Serap Şahin-Bölükbaşı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Halis Marşan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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22
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Üstün E, Düşünceli SD, Özdemir I. Theoretical analysis of frontier orbitals, electronic transitions, and global reactivity descriptors of M(CO)4L2 type metal carbonyl complexes: a DFT/TDDFT study. Struct Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-018-1231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Üstün E, Sönmez Çelebi M, Çol Ayvaz M. Manganese(I) tricarbonyl complexes: UV-dependent antioxidant activity, electrochemistry, and DFT/TDDFT calculation. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1506110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elvan Üstün
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Mutlu Sönmez Çelebi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Melek Çol Ayvaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
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24
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Photoactivated [Mn(CO) 3Br(μ-bpcpd)] 2 induces apoptosis in cancer cells via intrinsic pathway. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 188:28-41. [PMID: 30195977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide releasing molecules (CORMs) are organometallic/organic compounds that release carbon monoxide (CO) spontaneously or upon activation. PhotoCORMs are capable of releasing CO on light based activation. This group of molecules is used in photodynamic therapy due to their ability to release CO in a controlled manner. In the present investigation, the release of CO from [Mn(CO)3Br(μ-bpcpd)]2 (MnCORM) upon irradiation at λmax 365 nm was assessed spectrophotometrically using myoglobin assay and confirmed by liquid FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. Further, the cytotoxic potential of MnCORM on normal cells (HEK 293) and cancer cell lines such as lung (A549), cervical (HeLa), breast (MDA MB-231) and colon (HCT-15) was evaluated. The IC50 values of MnCORM were found to be 21.37 ± 1.72, 24.12 ± 1.03, 21.89 ± 0.59 and 13.69 ± 0.91 μM on cervical (HeLa), lung (A549), colon (HCT-15) and breast (MDA MB-231) cancer cells respectively. An inquest into the nature of cell death was confirmed based on the nuclear and cytological examinations, flow cytometric analyses and protein expression studies. The AO/EB dual staining and cytological evaluation of the treated cells revealed that the cell death might be due to apoptosis. The flow cytometric analysis of propidium iodide (PI) stained cells showed a significant amount of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells due to MnCORM treatment. The MnCORM-induced apoptosis was mediated through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically superoxide radicals leading to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The intrinsic pathway of apoptosis was elucidated based on the expression studies of pro-apoptotic and apoptotic proteins such as bcl-2, bax, cyt c, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved PARP. Due to its innate potential to release CO upon photoactivation and its ability to induce apoptosis via intrinsic pathway, the MnCORM molecule could be exploited for controlled release and photodynamic cancer therapy.
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25
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Popova M, Lazarus LS, Ayad S, Benninghoff AD, Berreau LM. Visible-Light-Activated Quinolone Carbon-Monoxide-Releasing Molecule: Prodrug and Albumin-Assisted Delivery Enables Anticancer and Potent Anti-Inflammatory Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9721-9729. [PMID: 29983046 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The delivery of controlled amounts of carbon monoxide (CO) to biological targets is of significant current interest. Very few CO-releasing compounds are currently known that can be rigorously controlled in terms of the location and amount of CO released. To address this deficiency, we report herein a new metal-free, visible-light-induced CO-releasing molecule (photoCORM) and its prodrug oxidized form, which offer new approaches to controlled, localized CO delivery. The new photoCORM, based on a 3-hydroxybenzo[ g]quinolone framework, releases 1 equiv of CO upon visible-light illumination under a variety of biologically relevant conditions. This nontoxic compound can be tracked prior to CO release using fluorescence microscopy and produces a nontoxic byproduct following CO release. An oxidized prodrug form of the photoCORM is reduced by cellular thiols, providing an approach toward activation in the reducing environment of cancer cells. Strong noncovalent affinity of the nonmetal photoCORM to albumin enables use of an albumin:photoCORM complex for targeted CO delivery to cancer cells. This approach produced cytotoxicity IC50 values among the lowest reported to date for CO delivery to cancer cells by a photoCORM. This albumin:photoCORM complex is also the first CO delivery system to produce significant anti-inflammatory effects when introduced at nanomolar photoCORM concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Popova
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Utah State University , 0300 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-0300 , United States
| | - Livia S Lazarus
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Utah State University , 0300 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-0300 , United States
| | - Suliman Ayad
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306-4390 , United States
| | - Abby D Benninghoff
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences , Utah State University , Logan , Utah 84322-4815 , United States
| | - Lisa M Berreau
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Utah State University , 0300 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-0300 , United States
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26
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Marker SC, MacMillan SN, Zipfel WR, Li Z, Ford PC, Wilson JJ. Photoactivated in Vitro Anticancer Activity of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Bearing Water-Soluble Phosphines. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:1311-1331. [PMID: 29323880 PMCID: PMC8117114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen water-soluble rhenium compounds of the general formula [Re(CO)3(NN)(PR3)]+, where NN is a diimine ligand and PR3 is 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA), tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine (THP), or 1,4-diacetyl-1,3,7-triaza-5-phosphabicylco[3.3.1]nonane (DAPTA), were synthesized and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. The complexes bearing the THP and DAPTA ligands exhibit triplet-based luminescence in air-equilibrated aqueous solutions with quantum yields ranging from 3.4 to 11.5%. Furthermore, the THP and DAPTA complexes undergo photosubstitution of a CO ligand upon irradiation with 365 nm light with quantum yields ranging from 1.1 to 5.5% and sensitize the formation of 1O2 with quantum yields as high as 70%. In contrast, all of the complexes bearing the PTA ligand are nonemissive and do not undergo photosubstitution upon irradiation with 365 nm light. These compounds were evaluated as photoactivated anticancer agents in human cervical (HeLa), ovarian (A2780), and cisplatin-resistant ovarian (A2780CP70) cancer cell lines. All of the complexes bearing THP and DAPTA exhibited a cytotoxic response upon irradiation with minimal toxicity in the absence of light. Notably, the complex with DAPTA and 1,10-phenanthroline gave rise to an IC50 value of 6 μM in HeLa cells upon irradiation, rendering it the most phototoxic compound in this library. The nature of the photoinduced cytotoxicity of this compound was explored in further detail. These data indicate that the phototoxic response may result from the release of both CO and the rhenium-containing photoproduct, as well as the production of 1O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra C. Marker
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Warren R. Zipfel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Peter C. Ford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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27
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Zhang S, Xia W, Yang Y, Yu X, Li X. Crystal structure and NMR study of a bisperoxovanadium complex [NH 4][VO(O 2) 2(ima)]. J COORD CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1374380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemical Engineering and Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Wen Xia
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemical Engineering and Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Yueyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemical Engineering and Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Xianyong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemical Engineering and Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemical Engineering and Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
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Anticancer activities of manganese-based photoactivatable CO-releasing complexes (PhotoCORMs) with benzimidazole derivative ligands. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-017-0136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Aspects of Carbon Monoxide in Form of CO-Releasing Molecules Used in Cancer Treatment: More Light on the Way. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9326454. [PMID: 28286606 PMCID: PMC5327762 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9326454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) has always been recognised as a toxic gas, due to its higher affinity for haemoglobin than oxygen. However, biological studies have revealed an intriguing role for CO as an endogenous signalling molecule, a gasotransmitter. CO is demonstrated to exert many cellular activities including anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antiproliferative activities. In animal studies, CO gas administration can prevent tissues from hypoxia or ischemic-reperfusion injury. As a result, there are a plethora of reports dealing with the biological applications of CO and CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) in inflammatory and vascular diseases. CORMs have already been tested as a therapeutic agent in clinical trials. More recently, an increased interest has been drawn to CO's potential use as an anticancer agent. In this review, we will aim to give an overview of the research focused on the role of CO and CORMs in different types of cancer and expand to the recent development of the next generation CORMs for clinical application in cancer treatment.
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