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Fernández CY, Alvarez N, Rocha A, Mendes LFS, Costa-Filho AJ, Ellena J, Batista AA, Facchin G. Phenanthroline and phenyl carboxylate mixed ligand copper complexes in developing drugs to treat cancer. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 260:112700. [PMID: 39163715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The success of a classic inorganic coordination compound, Cisplatin, cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2], as the first anticancer metallodrug started a field of research dedicated to discovering coordination compounds with antitumor activity, encompassing various metals. Among these, copper complexes have emerged as interesting candidates to develop drugs to treat cancer. In this work, mixed ligand complexes of Cu(II) with diimines (phenanthroline or 4-methylphenanthroline) and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate, phenylcarboxylate or phenylacetate were synthesized. They were characterized in the solid state, including a new crystal structure of [Cu2(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate)3(phenanthroline)2]Cl·H2O. The obtained complexes presented a variety of stoichiometries. In solution, complexes were partially dissociated in the corresponding Cu-diimine complex. The complexes bound to the DNA by partial intercalation and groove binding, as assessed by Circular Dichroism, relative viscosity change and UV-Vis titration. The cytotoxicity of the complexes was determined in vitro on MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 (human metastatic breast adenocarcinomas, the first triple negative), MCF-10A (breast nontumoral), A549 (human lung epithelial carcinoma), and MRC-5 (human nontumoral lung epithelial cells), finding an activity higher than that of Cisplatin, although with less selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Y Fernández
- Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av. General Flores 2124, Montevideo, Uruguay; Programa de Posgrados de la Facultad de Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Alvarez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av. General Flores 2124, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Analu Rocha
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905, São Carlos (SP), Brazil; Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Trabalhador São-carlense 400, 143566-590, São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe S Mendes
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Trabalhador São-carlense 400, 143566-590, São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Antonio J Costa-Filho
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Javier Ellena
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Trabalhador São-carlense 400, 143566-590, São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Alzir A Batista
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905, São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Gianella Facchin
- Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av. General Flores 2124, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Sakthikumar K, Kabuyaya Isamura B, Krause RWM. Exploring the antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and biothermodynamic properties of novel morpholine derivative bioactive Mn(ii), Co(ii) and Ni(ii) complexes - combined experimental and theoretical measurements towards DNA/BSA/SARS-CoV-2 3CL Pro. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1667-1697. [PMID: 37731703 PMCID: PMC10508264 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00394e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel class of bioactive complexes (1-3) [MII(L)2(bpy)], where, L = 2-(4-morpholinobenzylideneamino)phenol, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, MII = Mn (1), Co (2) or Ni (3), were assigned to octahedral geometry based on analytical and spectral measurements. Gel electrophoresis showed that complex (2) demonstrated significant DNA cleavage activity compared to the other complexes under the action of oxidation agent (H2O2). The DNA binding constant properties measured by various techniques were in the following sequence: (2) > (3) > (1) > (HL), which suggests that the complexes might intercalate DNA, a possibility that is also supported by their biothermodynamic characteristics. The binding constant results for BSA from electronic absorption and fluorometric titrations demonstrate that complex (2) exhibits the highest binding effectiveness among them all, which means that all the compounds could interact with BSA through a static approach, additionally supported by FRET measurements. DFT and docking calculations were employed to realize the electronic structure, reactivity, and interaction capability of all substances with DNA, BSA, and the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. These binding energies fell within the ranges -7.7 to -8.5, -8.2 to -10.1 and -6.7 to -9.3 kcal mol-1, respectively. The higher reactivity of the complexes than the ligand is supported by FMO theory. The in vitro antibacterial, cytotoxicity, and radical scavenging characteristics revealed that complexes (2-3) have better biological efficacy than the others. The cytotoxicity and binding properties also show good correlation with the partition coefficient (log P), which is encouraging because all of the experimental findings are closely correlated with the theoretical measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karunganathan Sakthikumar
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University Grahamstown 6140 Eastern Cape South Africa
| | - Bienfait Kabuyaya Isamura
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University Grahamstown 6140 Eastern Cape South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Rui Werner Maçedo Krause
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University Grahamstown 6140 Eastern Cape South Africa
- Center for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University Grahamstown 6140 Eastern Cape South Africa +27 741622674 +27 46 603 7030
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An Integrated Analysis of Mechanistic Insights into Biomolecular Interactions and Molecular Dynamics of Bio-Inspired Cu(II) and Zn(II) Complexes towards DNA/BSA/SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro by Molecular Docking-Based Virtual Screening and FRET Detection. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121883. [PMID: 36551312 PMCID: PMC9775322 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel constructed bioactive mixed-ligand complexes (1b) [CuII(L)2(phen)] and (2b) [ZnII(L)2(phen)] {where, L = 2-(4-morpholinobenzylideneamino)phenol), phen = 1,10-phenanthroline} have been structurally analysed by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques, including, magnetic moments, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray crystallography. Various analytical and spectral measurements assigned showed that all complexes appear to have an octahedral geometry. Agar gel electrophoresis's output demonstrated that the Cu(II) complex (1b) had efficient deoxyribonucleic cleavage and complex (2b) demonstrated the partial cleavage accomplished with an oxidation agent, which generates spreadable OH● through the Fenton type mechanism. The DNA binding constants observed from viscosity, UV-Vis spectral, fluorometric, and electrochemical titrations were in the following sequence: (1b) > (2b) > (HL), which suggests that the complexes (1b-2b) might intercalate DNA, a possibility that is supported by the biothermodynamic measurements. In addition, the observed binding constant results of BSA by electronic absorption and fluorometric titrations indicate that complex (1b) revealed the best binding efficacy as compared to complex (2b) and free ligand. Interestingly, all compounds are found to interact with BSA through a static approach, as further attested by FRET detection. The DFT and molecular docking calculations were also performed to realize the electronic structure, reactivity, and binding capability of all test samples with CT-DNA, BSA, and the SARS-CoV-2 3CLPro, which revealed the binding energies were in a range of -8.1 to -8.9, -7.5 to -10.5 and -6.7--8.8 kcal/mol, respectively. The higher reactivity of the complexes than the free ligand is supported by the FMO theory. Among all the observed data for antioxidant properties against DPPH᛫, ᛫OH, O2-• and NO᛫ free radicals, complex (1a) had the best biological efficacy. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic characteristics of all test compounds have been studied by screening against certain selected microorganisms as well as against A549, HepG2, MCF-7, and NHDF cell lines, respectively. The observed findings revealed that the activity enhances coordination as compared to free ligand via Overtone's and Tweedy's chelation mechanisms. This is especially encouraging given that in every case, the experimental findings and theoretical detections were in perfect accord.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Biomolecular Interactions of Morpholine-Based Mixed Ligand Cu(II) and Zn(II) Complexes of 2,2'-Bipyridine as Potential Anticancer and SARS-CoV-2 Agents: A Synergistic Experimental and Structure-Based Virtual Screening. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:6987806. [PMID: 36545430 PMCID: PMC9763021 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6987806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A new class of pharmacologically active mixed-ligand complexes (1a-2a) [MII(L)2 (bpy)], where L = 2-(4-morpholinobenzylideneamino)phenol), bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, MII = Cu (1a), and Zn (2a), were assigned an octahedral geometry by analytical and spectral measurements. Gel electrophoresis showed that complex (1a) demonstrated the complete DNA cleavage mediated by H2O2. The overall DNA-binding constants observed from UV-vis, fluorometric, hydrodynamic, and electrochemical titrations were in the following sequence: (1a) > (2a) > (HL), which suggests that the complexes might intercalate DNA, a possibility that is further supported by the biothermodynamic characteristics. The binding constant results of BSA by electronic absorption and fluorometric titration demonstrate that complex (1a) exhibits the highest binding effectiveness among others, which means that all compounds could interact with BSA through a static approach, additionally supported by FRET measurements. Density FunctionalTheory (DFT) and molecular docking calculations were relied on to unveil the electronic structure, reactivity, and interacting capability of all substances with DNA, BSA, and SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). These observed binding energies fell within the following ranges: -7.7 to -8.6, -7.2 to -10.2, and -6.7 to -8.2 kcal/mol, respectively. The higher reactivity of the complexes compared to free ligand is supported by the Frontier MolecularOrbital (FMO) theory. The in vitro antibacterial, cytotoxic, and radical scavenging characteristics revealed that complex (1a) has the best biological efficacy compared to others. This is encouraged because all experimental findings are closely correlated with the theoretical measurements.
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Sakthikumar K, Krause RWM, Isamura BK, Raja JD, Athimoolam S. Spectro-electrochemical, fluorometric and biothermodynamic evaluation of pharmacologically active morpholine scaffold single crystal ligand and its metal(II) complexes: A comparative study on in-vitro and in-silico screening towards DNA/BSA/SARS-CoV-19. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 236:111953. [PMID: 35969975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of metal(II) complexes (1-5) [MII(L)2]{Where M = Cu (1), Co (2), Mn (3), Ni (4) and Zn (5)} constructed from 2-(4-morpholinobenzylideneamino)phenol Schiff base ligand (HL) in a 1:2 M ratio and the spectral and analytical results put forward square planar geometry. Spectro-electrochemical, hydrodynamic, gel electrophoresis, and DNA binding/cleavage results for all the compounds demonstrate that complex (1) had excellent DNA binding/cleavage properties compared to other compounds. The observation also suggests that test compounds could intercalate with DNA, and the biothermodynamic property more strongly supports the stabilizing of the double helix DNA with the complexes. BSA binding constant results show that complex (1) exposes the best binding property via a static mode, which is further confirmed by FRET calculations. The DFT calculations and docking results for all compounds towards DNA, BSA and SARS-CoV-19 main protease (3CLPro), reveal the binding energies were in the range of -7.8 to -9.4, -6.6 to -10.2 and - 6.1 - -8.2 kcal/mol for all test compounds respectively. In this case, complexes showed favorable binding energies compared to free ligand, which stimulates further studies aimed at validating the predicted activity as well as contributing to tackling the current and future viral pandemics. The in-vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer results for all compounds revealed that copper complex (1) has better activity compared to others. This might result in an effective anticancer drug for future research, which is especially promising since the observed experimental results for all cases were in close agreement with the theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karunganathan Sakthikumar
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Rui Werner Maçedo Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Center for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
| | - Bienfait Kabuyaya Isamura
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Jeyaraj Dhaveethu Raja
- Department of Chemistry, The American College (Autonomous), Madurai 625 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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6
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Öztürkkan FE, Necefoğlu H. Evaluation of the crystal structures of metal(II) 2-fluorobenzoate complexes. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
When the structures of the complexes of the same primary ligand with different metals and different co-ligands are evaluated in detail, it is thought that it will be easier to reach the target molecules by determining the factors affecting the structure. The study of the structures of metal(II) 2-fluorobenzoates with various N-donor ligands is aimed to contribute to future research. In this study, the crystal structures of transition metal(II) 2-fluorobenzoates with N-donor ligand complexes such as 2,2′-bipyridine, 1,10′-phenanthroline, nicotinamide, isonicotinamide, 4-pyridylmethanol, and 2-aminopyridine were investigated. According to the literature review, it was determined that Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) 2-fluorobenzoates with N-donor ligand exhibit monomeric, dimeric, ionic, and polymeric structures. Although the fluorobenzoate anion has the most electronegative element (fluorine) at the 2-position in the benzene ring, only a few of its complexes have O–H⋯F, N–H⋯F, and C–H⋯F hydrogen bonds. A Pb(II) 2-fluorobenzoate complex without an N- donor ligand is the only complex in which the fluorobenzoate anion coordinates to the metal via the fluorine atom. The structures of the 19 complexes studied included 11 monomers, 5 dimers, 2 ionic, and 1 coordination polymer. In addition, 8 of these complexes are copper(II), 5 of them are Pb(II), 2 of them are Cd(II) and Zn(II), and one of them is Co(II) and Ni(II) metal centered. Many transition metal(II) 2-fluorobenzoate complexes can still be contributed to the literature, according to the findings of this study. Furthermore, because metal carboxylate complexes have various physical and biological potential applications today, their importance in materials science should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hacali Necefoğlu
- Department of Chemistry , Kafkas University , Kars , 36100 , Turkey
- International Scientific Research Centre , Baku State University , Baku , 1148 , Azerbaijan
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7
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Iqbal M, Karim A, Ullah I, Haleem MA, Ali S, Tahir MN, Abbas SM. Synthesis, characterization, structural description, TGA, micellization behavior, DNA-binding and antioxidant activity of mono-, di- and tri-nuclear Cu(II) and Zn(II) carboxylate complexes. J COORD CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2021.1887483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Amir Karim
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | | | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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8
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Iqbal M, Karim A, Ali S, Bilal H, Rehman AU. Synthesis, Characterization, Structural Description, Micellization Behavior, DNA Binding Study and Antioxidant Activity of 4, 5 and 6‐Coordinated Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry Bacha Khan University 24420 Charsadda KPK Pakistan
| | - Amir Karim
- Department of Chemistry Bacha Khan University 24420 Charsadda KPK Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry Quaid‐i‐Azam University 45320 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Hazrat Bilal
- Department of Chemistry Bacha Khan University 24420 Charsadda KPK Pakistan
| | - Ata Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry Bacha Khan University 24420 Charsadda KPK Pakistan
- School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi P. R. China
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Buchanan C, Garvey CJ, Puskar L, Perlmutter P, Mechler A. Coordination crosslinking of helical substituted oligoamide nanorods with Cu(II). Supramol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2020.1730839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Buchanan
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Christopher J Garvey
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, Australia
- Lund Institute for Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science (LINXS), Lund, Sweden
- Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces, Department of Biomedical Science, Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ljiljana Puskar
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Perlmutter
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Adam Mechler
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
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Nath H, Dutta D, Sharma P, Frontera A, Verma AK, Barceló-Oliver M, Devi M, Bhattacharyya MK. Adipato bridged novel hexanuclear Cu(ii) and polymeric Co(ii) coordination compounds involving cooperative supramolecular assemblies and encapsulated guest water clusters in a square grid host: antiproliferative evaluation and theoretical studies. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9863-9881. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01007c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel adipato bridged Cu(ii) and Co(ii) complexes synthesized by considering cytotoxicity, apoptosis, ROS generation, molecular docking and pharmacophore features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiren Nath
- Department of Chemistry
- Cotton University
- Guwahati-781001
- India
| | - Debajit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry
- Cotton University
- Guwahati-781001
- India
| | - Pranay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Cotton University
- Guwahati-781001
- India
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | - Akalesh K. Verma
- Department of Zoology
- Cell & Biochemical Technology laboratory
- Cotton University
- Guwahati-781001
- India
| | | | - Mary Devi
- Department of Zoology
- Cell & Biochemical Technology laboratory
- Cotton University
- Guwahati-781001
- India
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Iqbal M, Ali S, Tahir MN, Nawaz A, Anderson PA, Khan W. Mono- and poly-nuclear copper(II) carboxylates with flourous ligands: Synthesis, structure and improved properties. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Iqbal M, Ali S, Sohail M, Tahir MN, Anderson PA. Mononuclear vs. binuclear carboxylates of copper(II) with 2,2′‐bipyridine: Synthesis, characterization, structural description, and properties. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201900048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of ChemistryBacha Khan University Charsadda Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of ChemistryQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Manzar Sohail
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural SciencesNational University of Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan
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Premkumar M, Kaleeswaran D, Kaviyarasan G, Prasanth DA, Venkatachalam G. Mono and Dinuclear Cu(II) Carboxylate Complexes with Pyridine and 1‐methylimidazole as Co–Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, Antibacterial Activity and Catalytic Nitroaldol Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muniyappan Premkumar
- PG & Research Department of ChemistryGovernment Arts College Dharmapuri- 636 705, Tamilnadu India
| | - Dhananjayan Kaleeswaran
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai- 400 076, Maharashtra India
| | - Govindaraj Kaviyarasan
- Department of MicrobiologySchool of BioSciencePeriyar University Salem- 636 011, Tamilnadu India
| | - Dorairaj Arvind Prasanth
- Department of MicrobiologySchool of BioSciencePeriyar University Salem- 636 011, Tamilnadu India
| | - Galmari Venkatachalam
- PG & Research Department of ChemistryGovernment Arts College Dharmapuri- 636 705, Tamilnadu India
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Sakthikumar K, Solomon RV, Raja JD. Spectro-electrochemical assessments of DNA/BSA interactions, cytotoxicity, radical scavenging and pharmacological implications of biosensitive and biologically active morpholine-based metal(ii) complexes: a combined experimental and computational investigation. RSC Adv 2019; 9:14220-14241. [PMID: 35519345 PMCID: PMC9064050 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09218d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosensitive and biologically active morpholine-based transition metal(ii) complexes (1-5) were constructed as [MII(L) AcO]·nH2O {where M = Cu (1) n = 1; Co (2), Mn (3), Ni (4), n = 4 and Zn (5) n = 2}, which were synthesized from 2-(-(2-morpholinoethylimino) methyl)-4-bromophenol ligand (HL) and structurally characterized by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques, which proposed a square planar and tetrahedral geometry around the central metal ion with lattice water molecules. The gel electrophoresis results revealed that complexes 1 and 5 had more potent DNA cleavage efficacy in the presence of an oxidizing agent (H2O2) as compared to the others. The observed DNA binding results for all the compounds as determined by spectro-electrochemical and hydrodynamic techniques were in the order 3.36 (1) > 3.06 (2) > 2.73 (4) > 2.61 (5) > 1.84 (3) > 1.00 (HL) × 104 M-1. The obtained bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein binding constant (K b) results put forward the following order 2.38 (1) > 2.21 (2) > 2.18 (5) > 1.76 (4) > 1.40 (3) > 1.26 (HL) × 104 M-1. Also, the biothermodynamic parameters (, , ΔH° and ΔS°) and binding results divulged that all the complexes (1-5) could bind to DNA via intercalation in a spontaneous manner. Density functional theory calculations were employed to optimize the structure of ligand (HL) and its complexes (1-5) to gain insights into their electronic structures. Molecular docking analysis was carried out to identify the preferential binding modes of these complexes toward DNA and BSA protein. The theoretical observations of all cases were found to be very close to the experimental observations. Among the radical scavenging activity results for all the cases toward DPPH, hydroxyl radical, superoxide, nitric oxide and ferric reducing agents, complex (1) revealed a superior scavenging potency over the other compounds. In the screened antimicrobial reports against 10 different selected pathogenic species, although all the complexes (1-5) exhibited a greater significant inhibitory effect than the free ligand, complexes 4 and 5 achieved the best potency over standard drugs. The observed percentage of growth inhibition for all the compounds against the A549, HepG2, MCF-7 and NHDF cell lines suggested that complex 1 had enhanced growth-inhibitory potency over the other compounds and slightly affected normal cells as compared to the standard drug cisplatin, which may lead to its investigation as a promising anticancer agent in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karunganathan Sakthikumar
- Chemistry Research Centre, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College Kilakarai, Ramanathapuram 623 806 Tamil Nadu India +91 9751054202
| | - Rajadurai Vijay Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Madras Christian College (Autonomous) Tambaram East Chennai 600 059 Tamil Nadu India +91 9944804597
| | - Jeyaraj Dhaveethu Raja
- Department of Chemistry, The American College (Autonomous) Madurai 625 002 Tamil Nadu India +91 94876 82202 +91 90925 61924
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15
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Nordin N, Yahaya BH, Yusop MR. Electrochemical synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity study of copper(ii) carboxylates with different fatty acid alkyl chain lengths. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02783h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the optimum electrolysis parameters and cytotoxic effects of Cu(ii) carboxylates with different alkyl chain fatty acid ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norazzizi Nordin
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- Pulau Pinang
- Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster
- Advance Medical and Dental Institute
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- Bertam
- Pulau Pinang
| | - Muhammad Rahimi Yusop
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
- Selangor
- Malaysia
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