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Helali S, Rashad M, Ben Mabrouk A, Alanazi MAA, Mustafa MS. Structural Analysis and Adsorption Studies of (PbO, MgO) Metal Oxide Nanocomposites for Efficient Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Water. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2890. [PMID: 38930259 PMCID: PMC11204575 DOI: 10.3390/ma17122890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, magnesium oxide (MgO) and lead oxide (PbO) nanoparticles were prepared by the co-precipitation method. Their structural parameters and morphology were investigated using XRD, HRTEM, and FTIR. The formation of the phases was seen to have small average crystallite sizes and an orthorhombic crystal structure for both MgO and PbO nanoparticles. The results of HR-TEM showed irregularly shaped nanoparticles: quasi-spherical or rod-like shapes and spherical-like shapes for MgO and PbO nanoparticles, respectively. The produced nanoparticles' size using X-ray diffraction analysis was found to be 17 nm and 41 nm for MgO and PbO nanoparticles, respectively. On the other hand, it was observed from the calculations that the optical band gap obeys an indirect allowed transition. The calculated values of the band gap were 4.52 and 4.28 eV for MgO and PbO NPs, respectively. The MB was extracted from the wastewater using the prepared composites via absorption. Using a variety of kinetic models, the adsorptions were examined. Out of all the particles, it was discovered that the composites were best. Furthermore, of the models currently under consideration, the pseudo-second-order model best fit the degradation mechanism. The resultant composites could be beneficial for degrading specific organic dyes for water purification, as well as applications needing a wider optical band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloua Helali
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, King Faisal Road, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.); (M.A.A.A.)
| | - Mohamed Rashad
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, King Faisal Road, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.); (M.A.A.A.)
| | - Anouar Ben Mabrouk
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, King Faisal Road, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Munirah A. A. Alanazi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, King Faisal Road, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.); (M.A.A.A.)
| | - Manahil S. Mustafa
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, King Faisal Road, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia;
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Folifac L, Ameh AE, Broadhurst J, Petrik LF, Ojumu TV. Iron nanoparticles prepared from South African acid mine drainage for the treatment of methylene blue in wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:38310-38322. [PMID: 38797758 PMCID: PMC11189348 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33739-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In this study, three acid mine drainage (AMD) sources were investigated as potential sources of iron for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles using green tea extract (an environmentally friendly reductant) or sodium borohydride (a chemical reductant). Electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), ion chromatography (IC), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) techniques were used to characterize the AMD, and the most suitable AMD sample was selected based on availability. Additionally, three tea extracts were characterized using ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazine-hydrate (DPPH), and the most suitable environmentally friendly reductant was selected based on the highest FRAP (1152 µmol FeII/g) and DPPH (71%) values. The synthesized iron nanoparticles were characterized and compared using XRD, STEM, Image J, EDS, and FTIR analytical techniques. The study shows that the novel iron nanoparticles produced using the selected green tea (57 nm) and AMD were stable under air due to the surface modification by polyphenols contained in green tea extract, whereas the nanoparticles produced using sodium borohydride (67 nm) were unstable under air and produced a toxic supernatant. Both the AMD-based iron nanoparticles can be used as Fenton-like catalysts for the decoloration of methylene blue solution. While 99% decoloration was achieved by the borohydride-synthesized nanoparticles, 81% decoloration was achieved using green tea-synthesized nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Folifac
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Way, Bellville 7535, PO Box 1906, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Alechine E Ameh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Way, Bellville 7535, PO Box 1906, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jennifer Broadhurst
- Minerals to Metals, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Woolsack Drive, Rondebosch 7701, PO Box X3, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leslie F Petrik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Way, Bellville 7535, PO Box 1906, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tunde V Ojumu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Way, Bellville 7535, PO Box 1906, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
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Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol Red in Water on Nb(x)/TiO2 Nanocomposites. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12070911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the photocatalytic effect of Nb(x)/TiO2 nanocomposites on the degradation of phenol red (PR) was studied. Nb(x)/TiO2 nanocomposites are fabricated by a simple sol-gel route with new experimental conditions. The structural and optical properties were determined using high transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and UV-vis absorbance spectroscopy. Compared to pure anatase TiO2, the recently fabricated Nb(x)/TiO2 nanocomposite has a shift in the optical band edge to the visible wavelength. Consequently, it has high performance in adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activities. A time of 160 min has been observed to be suitable for mostly degradable 20 mgL−1 of phenol red on Nb(2.0)/TiO2 composite. The kinetic results were in good agreement with the first-order kinetic model at different concentrations. In addition, the results showed that the addition of Nb led to a significant degradation process. The decomposition of phenol red pollutants showed a synergistic effect of the Nb(2.0)/TiO2 nanocomposites on wastewater treatment.
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ÇETİNKAYA S, KÜTÜK N. Rapid Synthesis of PbO-NPs Photocatalysts, Investigation of Methylene Blue Degradation Kinetics. GAZI UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.35378/gujs.1001825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The study focused on the green synthesis of lead oxide nanoparticles (PbO-NPs) using green tea extract and its use for photocatalytic degradation. The effect of experimental conditions such as green tea extract concentrations and reaction temperatures on the structure and size of PbO-NPs has been investigated. Reaction temperatures of 25, 50 and 85 ℃ and green tea extract concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 100 mg/mL were used for preparing of PbO-NPs. Amount of the phenolic acid contained in the green tea extracts was determined according to the Folin-Cioceltau method. The synthesized PbO-NPs were further confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier infrared transformation spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive (EDX) analysis. Tetragonal and orthorhombic morphology of PbO-NPs were observed in SEM images. While the crystallite structure of the PbO-NPs was obtained for the samples prepared using 5 and 10 mg/mL extract concentration for all reaction temperatures, the amorphous structures of PbO-NPs were seen for the samples prepared using extract concentrations of 20, 40, 80 and 100 mg/mL. Finally, PbO-NPs catalyst was tested for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV light. The effect of dye concentration, catalyst amount and pH on degradation were investigated. By determining suitable experimental conditions, MB degradation reached 89% with PbO-NPs in 60 minutes. The reaction kinetics of MB removal from aqueous solution under UV lamp and in the dark media were compared for first-order and second-order reaction kinetics.
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Potassium permanganate dye removal from synthetic wastewater using a novel, low-cost adsorbent, modified from the powder of Foeniculum vulgare seeds. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4547. [PMID: 35296772 PMCID: PMC8927404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Seeds powder of Foeniculum vulgare was used to prepare a novel adsorbent, the modification of the prepared adsorbent was done by each of ZnCl2, oxalic acid, and CuS, all samples have been characterized by different techniques and examined for Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) adsorption. Among the four modified and unmodified adsorbents, the sample modified by oxalic acid has the highest percentage removal for KMnO4 adsorption (%R = 89.36). The impact of KMnO4 concentration, adsorbent dose, contact temperature, contact time, and solution pH on the adsorption performance was also investigated. The experimental data of this adsorption was analyzed by different kinetic and isotherm models. As Constants of thermodynamic ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° have been also evaluated. Surface area, pore volume, and pore size of the modified oxalic acid F. vulgare seeds powder adsorbent were determined as 0.6806 m2 g-1, 0.00215 cm3 g-1, and 522.063 Å, as pHZPC also was stated to be 7.2. The R2 values obtained from applying different isotherm and kinetic models (0.999 and 0.996) showed that the adsorption performance of KMnO4 follows the Langmuir and Pseudo 2nd order models. Furthermore, high adsorption capacities of 1111.11, 1250.00, and 1428.57 mg g-1 were achieved at three temperatures that were used in this study. Constants of thermodynamic ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° values indicate chemical and spontaneous adsorption at the adsorbent surface. Therefore, the modified adsorbent can be used to remove KMnO4 dye from pollutant water samples.
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Al-Aoh HA, Darwish AAA. Enhancement of the adsorptive performance of TiO 2nanoparticles towards methylene blue by adding suspended nanoparticles of Pt: kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:415706. [PMID: 34233310 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac121f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is one of the most dangerous dyes found in numerous industries' wastewaters. Thus, the effect of suspended Pt nanoparticles (NPs) on the adsorption capability of TiO2NPs towards MB was investigated in this research. Factors affecting (adsorbate initial concentration, agitation time, solution pH, and temperature) the adsorption capacity of MB on the modified TiO2NPs were also studied. It was found that the first two factors have a positive effect, the temperature has an adverse impact, and the maximum uptake was observed when pH is 11. Isotherm parameters of Langmuir, Freundlich, and Timken models were determined. Langmuir's model was found to be the best one for analyzing the experimental data. The adsorption capacities obtained were 100.61, 90.66, and 80.26 mg g-1at 25 °C, 40 °C, and 55 °C, respectively. 1storder, 2ndorder, and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models were utilized to analyze experimental data. It found that these data were explained well by the 2ndorder model, indicating that this adsorption is chemisorption. Thermodynamic parameters were also determined, and the results obtained suggest that this adsorption is an exothermic and spontaneous process. The findings show that TiO2NPs modified by suspended Pt NPs will get a strong attraction in the treatment of fluids and wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem A Al-Aoh
- Water Treatment Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71474 Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A A Darwish
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Nanotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Education at Al-Mahweet, Sana'a University, Al-Mahweet, Yemen
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Wastewater Purification from Permanganate Ions by Sorption on the Ocimum basilicum Leaves Powder Modified by Zinc Chloride. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5561829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The powder of Ocimum Basilicum leaves was treated by zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and applied as a new and low-cost sorbent for extraction of permanganate anions (MnO4−) from liquid phase. The functional groups of the ring stretching vibration, –NH2 deformation, stretching of C-O, stretching of CH, and stretching of –NH were found in the sorbent of zinc chloride Ocimum basilicum leaves powder (ZCOBLP) at 1516.21, 1629.33, 1047.00, 2929.88, and 3294.93 cm−1, respectively. This adsorbent has 8.3 pHZPC, 117.27 m2·g−1 surface area, 0.00711 cc·g−1 pore volume and average pore diameter of 264.144 Å. The outcomes of sorption experiments designate the positive impact for temperature, time of agitation, and started concentration of MnO4− and negative impact for pH. The optimal conditions were 1300 mg·L−1 as started adsorbate concentration, 55°C as solution temperature, agitation time of 420 min, and pH of 1.5. The outcomes of the equilibrium and dynamic approve that this sorption is spontaneous and heat-absorbing process, and the obtained data were described well by isotherm model of Langmuir and 2nd-order dynamic model. The capacities of this sorption were 588.235, 625.000, 666.667, and 714.286 mg·g−1 at 25, 35, 45, and 55 (°C), respectively. The superior sorption capacities of the uncostly ZCOBLP will make it successfully used for MnO4− ions extraction from liquid phases.
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Ugraskan V, Isik B, Yazici O. Adsorptive removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions by porous boron carbide: isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2021.1948406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Ugraskan
- Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Birol Isik
- Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Yazici
- Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Baylan N, Dedecan T, İlalan İ, İnci İ. Preparation of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles as a Novel Adsorbent for the Isolation of Tartaric Acid. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1842434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Baylan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Turkey İstanbul
| | - Tuba Dedecan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Turkey İstanbul
| | - İrem İlalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Turkey İstanbul
| | - İsmail İnci
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Turkey İstanbul
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