1
|
Atomistic Investigation on the Strengthening Mechanism of Single Crystal Ni-Based Superalloy under Complex Stress States. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12050889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Single crystal Ni-based superalloy, with excellent mechanical properties in high temperature, always works under complex stress states, including multiaxial tension and compression, which results in various strengthening mechanisms. In this paper, the atomistic simulation is applied to investigate the microstructure evolution under complex mechanical loading conditions, including uniaxial, equibiaxial, and non-equibiaxial tensile–compressive loadings. By comparison of the strain–stress curves and analysis of dislocation motion, it is believed that the tension promotes the bowing out of dislocations into the channel at loading direction, while compression limits it. Moreover, the dislocation analysis shows that the initial dislocation network, comprised of Lomer dislocations, will dissociate to form Lomer–Cottrell lock upon loading, which acts as a barrier to the further glide of dislocations. The mechanism of dislocation evolution is analyzed in detail by combining Schmid factor analysis and the comparison of energy density difference between γ and γ′ phases.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang L, Teng J, Sha X, Zou J, Zhang Z, Han X. Plastic Deformation through Dislocation Saturation in Ultrasmall Pt Nanocrystals and Its in Situ Atomistic Mechanisms. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:4733-4739. [PMID: 28715223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The atomic-scale deformation dynamic behaviors of Pt nanocrystals with size of ∼18 nm were in situ investigated using our homemade device in a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. It was discovered that the plastic deformation of the nanosized single crystalline Pt commenced with dislocation "appreciation" first, then followed by a dislocation "saturation" phenomenon. The magnitude of strain plays a key role on dislocation behaviors. At the early to medium stage of deformation, the plastic deformation was controlled by the full dislocation activities accompanied by the formation of Lomer dislocation locks from reaction of full dislocations. When the strain increased to a significant level, stacking faults and extended dislocations as well as Lomer-Cottrell locks appeared. The Lomer-Cottrell locks can unlock through transferring into Lomer dislocation locks first, and then Lomer dislocation locks were destructed under high stresses. The very high density dislocations and the frequent dislocation reactions through Lomer dislocations and Lomer-Cottrell locks may lead to work hardening in nanosized Pt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jiao Teng
- Department of Material Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xuechao Sha
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, 100124, China
| | | | - Ze Zhang
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, 100124, China
- Department of Materials Science, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, 100124, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yue Y, Zhang Q, Yang Z, Gong Q, Guo L. Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Radially Grown Fivefold Twinned Nanowires on the Atomic Scale. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:3503-3509. [PMID: 27231215 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In situ bending tests and dynamic modeling simulations are for the first time revealing the mechanical behavior of copper nanowires (NW) with radially grown fivefold twin structures on the atomic scale. Combining the simulations with the experimental results it is shown that both the twin boundaries (TBs) and the twin center act as dislocation sources. TB migration and L-locks are readily observed in these types of radially grown fivefold-twin structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghai Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Institute of Solid Mechanics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Qihua Gong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Lin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wen C, Wan W, Li FH, Tang D. Restoring defect structures in 3C-SiC/Si (001) from spherical aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscope images by means of deconvolution processing. Micron 2015; 71:22-31. [PMID: 25637810 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The [110] cross-sectional samples of 3C-SiC/Si (001) were observed with a spherical aberration-corrected 300 kV high-resolution transmission electron microscope. Two images taken not close to the Scherzer focus condition and not representing the projected structures intuitively were utilized for performing the deconvolution. The principle and procedure of image deconvolution and atomic sort recognition are summarized. The defect structure restoration together with the recognition of Si and C atoms from the experimental images has been illustrated. The structure maps of an intrinsic stacking fault in the area of SiC, and of Lomer and 60° shuffle dislocations at the interface have been obtained at atomic level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Wen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - W Wan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - F H Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - D Tang
- FEI Company, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li C, Poplawsky J, Wu Y, Lupini AR, Mouti A, Leonard DN, Paudel N, Jones K, Yin W, Al-Jassim M, Yan Y, Pennycook SJ. From atomic structure to photovoltaic properties in CdTe solar cells. Ultramicroscopy 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
6
|
|
7
|
Bourret A, Thibault-Desseaux J, D'Anterroches C, Penisson JM, Crecy A. Are the core structures of dislocations and grain boundaries resolvable by HREM? J Microsc 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1983.tb04190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
8
|
Wang L, Zheng K, Zhang Z, Han X. Direct atomic-scale imaging about the mechanisms of ultralarge bent straining in Si nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2011; 11:2382-2385. [PMID: 21545162 DOI: 10.1021/nl200735p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To safely and reliably use nanowires (NWs) for exploring new functions for different nanodevices, the mechanical properties and structural evolution of the nanowires under external stress become highly important. Large strain (up to 14%) bending experiments of Si NWs were conducted in a high-resolution transmission electron microscope at atomic resolution. The direct dynamic atomic-scale observations revealed that partial and full dislocation nucleation, motion, escape, and interaction were responsible for absorbing the ultralarge strain of up to 14% in bent Si nanowires. The prevalent full dislocation movement and interactions induced the formation of Lomer lock dislocations in the Si NWs. Finally, in contrast to the unlock process of Lomer dislocations that can happen in metallic materials, we revealed that the continuous straining on the Lomer dislocations induced a crystal-amorphous (c-a) transition in Si NWs. Our results provide direct explanation about the ultralarge straining ability of Si at the nanometer scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100022, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bourret A. Transmission Electron Microscope Studies of O, C, N Precipitation in Crystalline Silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-59-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe understanding of the precipitation phenomena of light non dopant Impurities has been recently improved thanks to high resolution electron microscopy and microanalysis. After a one-step annealing in Czochralski silicon long coesite (SIO2) ribbons are formed between 485° and 750°C; amorphous platelets (SIOx with x =1. 2 to 2) are formed between 650°C -1050°C. Silicon Interstitlals generated during the precipitation partly relax the strain energy associated with the volume change. These Interstltlals are also able to precipitate In various forms. After a two-step annealing both platelets and/or octahedra containing amorphous SIOx are formed. The role of carbon on oxygen precipitation Is important: It changes the nucleation parameters and gives a retardation phenomena In a two-step annealing treatment. Similar phenomena are observed in oxygen implanted silicon. The nucleation and growth process able to explain these observations is far from being well understood. The SIO2 polymorphism, the Important role of SI Interstitials and the mutual attraction between oxygen and carbon are some of the ingredients which explain this complexity.
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Wang L, Han X, Liu P, Yue Y, Zhang Z, Ma E. In situ observation of dislocation behavior in nanometer grains. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:135501. [PMID: 21230786 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.135501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Using a newly developed nanoscale deformation device, atomic scale and time-resolved dislocation dynamics have been captured in situ under a transmission electron microscope during the deformation of a Pt ultrathin film with truly nanometer grains (diameter d< ~ 10 nm). We demonstrate that dislocations are highly active even in such tiny grains. For the larger grains (d ~ 10 nm), full dislocations dominate and their evolution sometimes leads to the formation, destruction, and reformation of Lomer locks. In smaller grains, partial dislocations generating stacking faults are prevalent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Abstract
A simple image contrast theory in high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) is introduced to demonstrate that below a certain critical crystal thickness the intensity of the Scherzer focus image is linear to the projected potential of an artificial crystal that is isomorphic to the examined one. It has become the theoretical base of electron crystallographic image processing techniques relying on the weak-phase-object approximation and kinematical diffraction. Two techniques of image processing are introduced. One of them aims at determining crystal structures by combining electron diffraction data and applying diffraction analysis methods. To reduce various kinds of electron diffraction intensity distortion the diffraction data are corrected by means of an empirical method set up by referring to the heavy atom method and Wilson statistic. The other one aims at revealing crystal defects at atomic resolution from the image taken with a medium-voltage field-emission high-resolution electron microscope. The dynamical effect is corrected by forcing the integral amplitudes of reflections in the diffractogram of image equal to the amplitudes of corresponding structure factors for the perfect crystal. The principle of the two techniques is briefly introduced, and examples of applications to crystal structure and defect determination are given.
Collapse
|
13
|
Crecy AD, Bourret A, Naka S, Lasalmonie A. High resolution determination of the core structure of 1/3⟨1120⟩ {1010} edge dislocation in titanium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618308245221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
14
|
Rühle M, Sass SL. The detection of the change in mean inner potential at dislocations in grain boundaries in NiO. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618408236562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
15
|
D'anterroches C, Bourret A. Atomic structure of [011] and [001] near-coincident tilt boundaries in germanium and silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618408236563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
16
|
Lu P, Smith DJ. Dissociated 60° dislocations in CdTe studied by high-resolution electron microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/13642819008215245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lu
- a Department of Physics and Center for Solid State Science , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona , 85287 , U.S.A
| | - David J. Smith
- a Department of Physics and Center for Solid State Science , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona , 85287 , U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mills MJ, Baluc NL, Sarosi PM. HRTEM of dislocation cores and thin-foil effects in metals and intermetallic compounds. Microsc Res Tech 2006; 69:317-29. [PMID: 16646008 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Examples of the observation and analysis of dislocation cores and dislocation fine structure in metals and intermetallics using high resolution transmission electron microscopy are discussed. Specific examples include the 60 degrees dislocations in aluminum, a011 edge dislocations in NiAl, and screw dislocations in Ni3Al. The effect of the thin TEM foils on the structure and imaging of these dislocations is discussed in light of embedded atom method calculations for several configurations and coupled with image simulations. Some generalizations based on these calculations are discussed. These analyses enables determination of the spreading or decomposition of the edge component of the cores, both in and out of the glide plane, which can have significant implications for the modeling of macroscopic behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Mills
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tillmann K, Thust A, Urban K. Spherical aberration correction in tandem with exit-plane wave function reconstruction: interlocking tools for the atomic scale imaging of lattice defects in GaAs. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2004; 10:185-198. [PMID: 15306045 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927604040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
With the availability of resolution boosting and delocalization minimizing techniques, for example, spherical aberration correction and exit-plane wave function reconstruction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy is drawing to a breakthrough with respect to the atomic-scale imaging of common semiconductor materials. In the present study, we apply a combination of these two state-of-the-art techniques to investigate lattice defects in GaAs-based heterostructures at atomic resolution. Focusing on the direct imaging of stacking faults as well as the core structure of edge and partial dislocations, the practical capabilities of both techniques are illustrated. For the first time, we apply the technique of bright-atom contrast imaging at negative spherical aberration together with an appropriate overfocus setting for the investigation of lattice defects in a semiconductor material. For these purposes, the elastic displacements associated with lattice defects in GaAs viewed along the 110 zone axis are measured from experimental images using reciprocal space strain map algorithms. Moreover, we demonstrate the benefits of the retrieval of the exit-plane wave function not only for the elimination of residual imaging artefacts but also for the proper on-line alignment of specimens during operation of the electron microscope--a basic prerequisite to obtain a fair agreement between simulated images and experimental micrographs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Tillmann
- Ernst Ruska-Centrum für Mikroskopie und Spektroskopie mit Elektronen, Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang D, Chen H, Li FH, Kawasaki K, Oikawa T. Atomic configuration in core structure of Lomer dislocation in Si0.76Ge0.24/Si. Ultramicroscopy 2002; 93:139-46. [PMID: 12425591 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3991(02)00154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The core structure of a Lomer dislocation in SiGe/Si system has been revealed at atomic level. This is attained by applying the image deconvolution technique in combination with dynamical diffraction effect correction to the high-resolution image taken with a 200 kV field-emission gun high-resolution electron microscope. The Lomer dislocation has a Hornstra-like core. The contrast of the image simulated on the basis of derived atomic configuration is in agreement with that of the experimental image.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Wang
- Institute of Physics & Center for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wagner G. Misfit Strain Relaxation by Dislocations in InAs Islands and Layers Epitaxially Grown on (001)GaAs Substrates by MOVPE. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4079(1998)33:5<681::aid-crat681>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
21
|
Calculation of displacement fields and simulation of HRTEM images of dislocations in sphalerite type A(III)B(V) compound semiconductors. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.2170320111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
22
|
Gutakovskii AK, Fedina LI, Aseev AL. High resolution electron microscopy of semiconductor interfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.2211500111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
23
|
Vilà A, Cornet A, Morante JR, Loubradou M, Bonnet R, González Y, González L, Ruterana P. Atomic core structure of Lomer dislocation at GaAs/(001)Si interface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/01418619508242957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
24
|
Mills MJ, Daw MS, Foiles SM. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies of dislocation cores in metals and intermetallic compounds. Ultramicroscopy 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-3991(94)90148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
25
|
Smith DJ, de Ruijter W, McCartney M, Weiss J. Progress towards quantitative high-resolution electron microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-3991(93)90078-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
26
|
Howe JM, Rozeveld SJ. Effect of crystal and beam tilt on simulated high-resolution TEM images of interfaces. Microsc Res Tech 1992; 23:230-8. [PMID: 1472750 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.1070230306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of crystal and beam tilt on high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images of planar coherent interfaces were investigated by multislice image simulations. It was found that a beam tilt of 0.5 Bragg angle (theta B) was sufficient to introduce detrimental artifacts into most images of interfaces in crystals only 1/8 xi 000 thick, while crystal tilt had a much smaller effect even for crystals 1 xi 000 thick. Effects produced in HRTEM images of interfaces by crystal and beam tilt included the introduction of additional periodicities and loss of compositional detail across a boundary, translation of a boundary from its actual position, and apparent mismatch of atomic planes across a perfectly coherent interface. These results indicate that alignment of the electron beam parallel to the optic axis is critical for reliable HRTEM imaging of interfaces in materials. Techniques for obtaining accurate alignment are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Howe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Krakow W. Extending the limit of atomic level grain boundary structure imaging using high-resolution electron microscopy. JOURNAL OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUE 1991; 17:212-20. [PMID: 2013822 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.1060170208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It has been possible to image sigma = 21/[111]21.8 degrees tilt boundaries in thin Au films and to deduce their atomic arrangements. These results represent an electron microscopic resolution level of 1.43 A, attainable with a small amount of image processing, which produces interpretable structure images. This substantial improvement over other recent grain boundary studies, which required about 1.9-2.0 A resolution, clearly demonstrates that many more tilt grain boundary orientations are now accessible instead of a limited subset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Krakow
- IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
The accommodation of misfit at {100} heterojunctions in III–V compound semiconductors by gliding dissociated dislocations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0001-6160(89)90311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
30
|
Shaffner TJ. New developments in surface characterization techniques for the semiconductor industry. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.740141007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
31
|
Mills MJ, Stadelmann P. A study of the structure of Lomer and 60° dislocations in aluminium using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618908213867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
32
|
Pradère P, Thomas EL. Three-dimensional model for twinning in polymer single crystals with inclined chains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618908219280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
33
|
|
34
|
Garg A, Clark WAT, Hirth JP. Dissociated and faceted large-angle coincident-site-lattice boundaries in silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618908229780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
35
|
Skrotzki W, Wendt H, Carter C, Kohlstedt D. The relation between the structure and mechanical properties of A σ = 51 tilt boundary in germanium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0001-6160(88)90153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
36
|
Elkajbaji M, Kirchner HO, Thibault-Desseaux J. Non-dissociated Lomer-Cottrell locks and asymmetrically dissociated B2 locks in silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618808214412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
37
|
Skrotzki W, Wendt H, Carter CB, Kohlstedt DL. Secondary dislocations in [011] tilt boundaries in germanium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618808204676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
38
|
|
39
|
|
40
|
|
41
|
|
42
|
Bender H. Investigation of the oxygen-related lattice defects in Czochralski silicon by means of electron microscopy techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.2210860126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|