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Wasim M, Bergonzi MC. Unlocking the Potential of Oleanolic Acid: Integrating Pharmacological Insights and Advancements in Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:692. [PMID: 38931816 PMCID: PMC11206505 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in oleanolic acid (OA) as a triterpenoid with remarkable health benefits prompts an emphasis on its efficient use in pharmaceutical research. OA exhibits a range of pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, immune-enhancing, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, antitumor, and antiviral properties. While OA demonstrates diverse pharmacological effects, optimizing its therapeutic potential requires overcoming significant challenges. In the field of pharmaceutical research, the exploration of efficient drug delivery systems is essential to maximizing the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds. Efficiently delivering OA faces challenges, such as poor aqueous solubility and restricted bioavailability, and to unlock its full therapeutic efficacy, novel formulation strategies are imperative. This discussion thoroughly investigates different approaches and advancements in OA drug delivery systems with the aim of enhancing the biopharmaceutical features and overall efficacy in diverse therapeutic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Camilla Bergonzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
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do Nascimento SN, Mazzei JL, Tostes JBDF, Nakamura MJ, Valente LMM, de Lima RC, Nunes PCG, de Azeredo EL, Berrueta LA, Gallo B, Siani AC. Miconia albicans (Melastomataceae) to treat Chikungunya viral infection: An effectual symptom-driven ethnomedicinal repurposing of an anti-inflammatory species? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116875. [PMID: 37451491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Miconia albicans (MA) is consumed all over the Brazilian territory as a remedy to treat rheumatoid arthritis and has been increasingly used to alleviate the deleterious symptoms caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effect of MA leaf and stem hydroethanolic extracts (LE and SE, respectively), their fractions enriched in triterpene acids or polyphenols as well isolated constituents, on CHIKV hosted in Vero cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polyphenol profiles of LE and SE were dereplicated by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS, aided by standards. Polyphenol-rich (LEx and SEx) and triterpenic acid-rich (LOH and SOH) fractions were obtained in Amberlite XAD-4 and alkalinized 95% ethanol (EtOH) extraction, respectively. TPC and TFC were assessed by colorimetric methods. Three representative flavonoids and two triterpenic acids were quantified by HPLC. CHIKV load suppression was evaluated in Vero cells by real-time qRT‒PCR at noncytotoxic concentrations. RESULTS Fifteen flavonoids were characterized in LE and SE. LEx presented isoquercitrin, quercitrin, rutin (0.49-1.51%) and quercetin. The TPC was 48 and 62 mg QE/g extract, and the TFC was 11.93 and 0.76 mg QE/g extract for LEx and SEx, respectively. LOH presented ursolic (15.3%) and oleanolic (8.0%) acids. A reduction (91-97%) in the CHIKV load was produced by the triterpene fraction, quercitrin and quercetin; the latter maintained the activity down to one twentieth of the tolerated concentration. CONCLUSION M. albicans contains flavonoids and triterpenic acids that are effective against CHIKV, which might justify its use to alleviate sequelae of CHIKV infection. However, further investigations on the species and its active constituents are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Neves do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - José Luiz Mazzei
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - João Batista de Freitas Tostes
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Jun Nakamura
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Ligia Maria Marino Valente
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, C. T., Bl. A, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Raquel Curtinhas de Lima
- Laboratory of Virus-Host Interactions, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Conrado Guerra Nunes
- Laboratory of Virus-Host Interactions, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Elzinandes Leal de Azeredo
- Laboratory of Virus-Host Interactions, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Luis Angel Berrueta
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Blanca Gallo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Antonio Carlos Siani
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Butkevičiūtė A, Janulis V, Kviklys D. Triterpene Content in Flesh and Peel of Apples Grown on Different Rootstocks. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1247. [PMID: 35567248 PMCID: PMC9100339 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in rootstock breeding and selection have revolutionized the manner in which apples are grown throughout the world. Fruit tree breeding has typically focused on key horticultural characteristics. Even though agents with health benefits have been investigated more frequently during the recent years, information about the effect of different cultivation factors, such as the rootstock, on triterpene concentration is still lacking. The present study aimed to evaluate triterpene profiles and the quantitative composition of different parts of apple fruit that was grown on 17 various origin and vigor rootstocks. HPLC analyses of triterpenes in apple samples were performed. The highest total content of triterpenes (7.72 ± 0.39 mg/g) was found in peel samples of apples grown on the dwarf rootstock 62-396-B10®. Depending on the rootstock, apple peel samples accumulated 3.52 to 4.74 times more triterpene compounds than apple flesh samples. Ursolic acid was the predominant triterpene compound in apple peel and flesh samples. The highest content of ursolic acid (5.84 ± 0.29 mg/g) was found in peel samples of apples grown on the dwarf rootstock 62-396-B10®. Meanwhile, the lowest amount of ursolic acid (3.25 ± 0.16 mg/g) was found in apple peel samples grown on the dwarf rootstock Cepiland-Pajam®2. A proper match of a cultivar and a rootstock can program a fruit tree to grow larger amounts of higher quality, antioxidant-rich, and high-nutrition-value fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurita Butkevičiūtė
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave. 13, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave. 13, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Darius Kviklys
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno St. 30, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
- Department of Horticulture, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research—NIBIO Ullensvang, Ullensvangvegen 1005, 5781 Lofthus, Norway
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Oleanolic Acid: Extraction, Characterization and Biological Activity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030623. [PMID: 35276982 PMCID: PMC8838233 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid ubiquitously present in the plant kingdom, is receiving outstanding attention from the scientific community due to its biological activity against multiple diseases. Oleanolic acid is endowed with a wide range of biological activities with therapeutic potential by means of complex and multifactorial mechanisms. There is evidence suggesting that oleanolic acid might be effective against dyslipidemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, through enhancing insulin response, preserving the functionality and survival of β-cells and protecting against diabetes complications. In addition, several other functions have been proposed, including antiviral, anti-HIV, antibacterial, antifungal, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic activities, as well as interfering in several stages of the development of different types of cancer; however, due to its hydrophobic nature, oleanolic acid is almost insoluble in water, which has led to a number of approaches to enhance its biopharmaceutical properties. In this scenario, the present review aimed to summarize the current knowledge and the research progress made in the last years on the extraction and characterization of oleanolic acid and its biological activities and the underlying mechanisms of action.
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Ordoñez‐Quintana E, Salmeron I, Chavez‐Flores D, Ramos V, Gutierrez N, Morales‐Oyervides L, Delgado E, Kwofie E, Ngadi M, Perez‐Vega SB. Supercritical and subcritical extraction of ursolic acid and polyphenols from apple pomace: Effect of variables on composition and antioxidant capacity. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Salmeron
- School of Chemical Science Autonomous University of Chihuahua Chihuahua Mexico
| | - David Chavez‐Flores
- School of Chemical Science Autonomous University of Chihuahua Chihuahua Mexico
| | - Victor Ramos
- School of Chemical Science Autonomous University of Chihuahua Chihuahua Mexico
| | - Nestor Gutierrez
- School of Chemical Science Autonomous University of Chihuahua Chihuahua Mexico
| | | | - Efren Delgado
- Department of Family & Consumer Sciences New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM USA
| | - Ebenezer Kwofie
- Bioresource Engineering Department McGill University Ste‐Anne‐de‐Bellevue Quebec Canada
| | - Michael Ngadi
- Bioresource Engineering Department McGill University Ste‐Anne‐de‐Bellevue Quebec Canada
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Sut S, Poloniato G, Malagoli M, Dall'Acqua S. Fragmentation of the main triterpene acids of apple by LC-APCI-MS n. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:882-892. [PMID: 29992756 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we investigated the fragmentation of the main triterpene acids of apple using an liquid chromatography atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (LC-APCI-MSn ) approach and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) (Q-TOF). Triterpenes were isolated using semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography, and chemical structures were elucidated by HR-MS and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Finally, compounds were used to study MSn behavior in ion trap. Isolated triterpenes present similar structures, bearing carboxyl group linked to C-17 and different substitutions. We observed significant changes in MS2 spectra, which were useful for further compound identification. The observed fragments allowed the discrimination of different derivatives, namely, pomaceic, annurcoic, euscaphic, pomolic, corosolic, maslinic, betulinic, oleanolic, and ursolic acids. The proposed method allows a rapid identification of triterpene acids, and it could be useful for the analysis of these compounds in apple fruits and in other natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Sut
- DAFNAE, Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse naturali e Ambiente, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Poloniato
- DSF, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Malagoli
- DAFNAE, Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse naturali e Ambiente, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- DSF, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Butkevičiūtė A, Liaudanskas M, Kviklys D, Zymonė K, Raudonis R, Viškelis J, Uselis N, Janulis V. Detection and analysis of triterpenic compounds in apple extracts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2018.1506478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurita Butkevičiūtė
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Liaudanskas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Darius Kviklys
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Zymonė
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Raimondas Raudonis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viškelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Norbertas Uselis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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