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İpek P, Atalar MN, Baran A, Baran MF, Ommati MM, Karadag M, Zor M, Eftekhari A, Alma MH, Benis KZ, Nuriyeva F, Khalilov R. Determination of chemical components of the endemic species Allium turcicum L. plant extract by LC-MS/MS and evaluation of medicinal potentials. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27386. [PMID: 38560691 PMCID: PMC10979146 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The Allium turcicum L. (Zuzubak) plant as a cultivated vegetable have various health benefits and consumed as a food. Due to the shortcoming evidence in literature and the importance of this plant in folk medicine, in the present study, for the first time, we evaluated the bioactive profile of components (using LC-MS/MS), cytotoxicity, anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial prospectives of Zuzubak methanol extract. Reported results show that the extract is rich in bioactive compounds and has anticancer activity with breast cancer cells (MCF-7), human prostate cancer cells (DU-145), and Human osteosarcoma cancer Cell lines of (IC50) in dose dependent manner in the concentration range of 31.25 μg/mL and 2000 μg/mL for 24 and 48 h. Western blotting results determined that the extract significantly suppressed the growth of U2OS, MCF-7, and DU-145 cancer cells by down expression of Ang-1 (angiogenic protein) and Beclin-1 (autophagy protein) and overexpression of Bax (a proapoptotic protein). The oxidative stress indices showed a reduction in RPE-1 and MCF-7 cells and an upsurge in U2OS and DU-145 cells. Additionally, the antimicrobial assay showed suppression of the growth of various pathogenic microorganisms in 4.00-8.00 μg/concentrations of Zuzubak extract using the microdilution method. The phytochemicals identified showed promising anticancer, antioxidant effects, and antimicrobial properties, representing a valuable herbal source for drug development studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polat İpek
- Department of Physiology, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Nuri Atalar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Health Sciences, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Türkiye
| | - Ayşe Baran
- Department of Biology, Graduate Education Institute, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Türkiye
- Malatya Turgut Özal University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Fırat Baran
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Batman University, Batman, Türkiye
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, China
| | - Musa Karadag
- Research Application Laboratory and Research Center (ALUM), Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkiye
| | - Murat Zor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Fenerbahçe University, Ataşehir, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Türkiye
- Nanotechnology and Biochemical Toxicology (NBT) center, Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Baku AZ1001, Azerbaijan
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51665118, Iran
| | - Mehmet Hakkı Alma
- Research Application Laboratory and Research Center (ALUM), Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkiye
| | - Khaled Zoroufchi Benis
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Fidan Nuriyeva
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
- Laboratory of Recognition, Identification and Methods of Optimal Solutions, Institute of Control Systems, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Nanotechnology and Biochemical Toxicology (NBT) center, Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Baku AZ1001, Azerbaijan
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Mazumder MAR, Tolaema A, Chaikhemarat P, Rawdkuen S. Antioxidant and Anti-Cytotoxicity Effect of Phenolic Extracts from Psidium guajava Linn. Leaves by Novel Assisted Extraction Techniques. Foods 2023; 12:2336. [PMID: 37372547 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals (PCs) are gaining popularity due to their antioxidant effects and potential protection against infection, cardiovascular disease, and cellular metabolic activity. These PCs must be retained as much as possible during extraction. This research focused on the extraction of PC from Psidium guajava Linn. leaves due to higher antioxidant potential. Solvent extraction (SE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using distilled water (DW) or 60% (v/v) ethanol/water (ET) were used for the extraction of PC. ET shows higher total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) as well as higher antioxidant activity than DW. Phytochemical screening demonstrated that all of the screening showed positive results in all extraction methods, except glycoside. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in TPC and TFC during MAE/ET, SE/ET, and UAE/ET. Antioxidant analysis shows that MAE and SE resulted in high (p < 0.05) DPPH and FRAP values for ET and DW, respectively. MAE/ET showed the highest inhibitory activity (IC50 = 16.67 µg/mL). HPLC and TLC analysis reveal the fingerprint of morin, which might function as an anticancer agent with other bioactives. Increasing the extract content increased the inhibitory activity of SW480 cells via MTT assay. In conclusion, MAE/ET is the most efficient among the extraction techniques in terms of anti-cytotoxicity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anisur Rahman Mazumder
- Food Science and Technology Program, School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Arif Tolaema
- Food Science and Technology Program, School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Pongpasin Chaikhemarat
- Food Science and Technology Program, School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Saroat Rawdkuen
- Food Science and Technology Program, School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Unit of Innovative Food Packaging and Biomaterials, School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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Psidium guajava induces cytotoxicity in human malignant glioblastoma cell line: Role of reactive oxygen species. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 89:105567. [PMID: 36758825 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the deadliest types of CNS primary brain cancers is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and the survival rate of patients is about 7.2%. The standard treatment for GBM is surgical interventions followed by temozolomide. We investigated for the first time, the cytotoxic impacts of Psidium guajava (P. guajava) on the U87 GBM cell line. We measured cell toxicity through the MTT test following 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h treatment with different concentrations of fruit and seed hydroalcoholic extracts of P. guajava (25-400 μg/ml). Lipid peroxidation assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and apoptosis rate were evaluated 24 h after treatment by extracts of P. guajava. Moreover, to determine the Bax/Bcl-2 and NF-κB genes expression, we performed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our finding demonstrated that 50-400 μg/ml of P. guajava extracts dose-dependently decreased the viability of U87 cells. Also, treatment by extracts increased lipid peroxidation, ROS production, and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the RT-PCR demonstrated an up-regulation in Bax\Bcl-2 and NF-κB. Thus, P. guajava inhibited the proliferation of U87 GBM cells and increased apoptosis probably through Bax/Bcl-2 and NF-κB regulation.
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Lok B, Babu D, Tabana Y, Dahham SS, Adam MAA, Barakat K, Sandai D. The Anticancer Potential of Psidium guajava (Guava) Extracts. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020346. [PMID: 36836712 PMCID: PMC9963020 DOI: 10.3390/life13020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The fruits, leaves, and bark of the guava (Psidium guajava) tree have traditionally been used to treat a myriad of ailments, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions. The various parts of the plant have been shown to exhibit medicinal properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Recent studies have shown that the bioactive phytochemicals of several parts of the P. guajava plant exhibit anticancer activity. This review aims to present a concise summary of the in vitro and in vivo studies investigating the anticancer activity of the plant against various human cancer cell lines and animal models, including the identified phytochemicals that contributes to their activity via the different mechanisms. In vitro growth and cell viability studies, such as the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, and the trypan blue exclusion test, were conducted using P. guajava extracts and their biomolecules to assess their effects on human cancer cell lines. Numerous studies have showcased that the P. guajava plant and its bioactive molecules, especially those extracted from its leaves, selectively suppress the growth of human cancer cells without cytotoxicity against the normal cells. This review presents the potential of the extracts of P. guajava and the bioactive molecules derived from it, to be utilized as a feasible alternative or adjuvant treatment for human cancers. The availability of the plant also contributes towards its viability as a cancer treatment in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn Lok
- Department of Biomedical Science, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas 13200, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Dinesh Babu
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Yasser Tabana
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Saad Sabbar Dahham
- Department of Science, University of Technology and Applied Sciences Rustaq, Rustaq PC 329, Oman
| | | | - Khaled Barakat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Doblin Sandai
- Department of Biomedical Science, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas 13200, Penang, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-4-5622386
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Narayanankutty A. Pharmacological potentials and Nutritional values of Tropical and Sub-tropical Fruits of India: Emphasis on their anticancer bioactive components. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:124-135. [PMID: 34847850 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666211130165200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruits are an important dietary component, which supply vitamins, minerals, as well as dietary fiber. In addition, they are rich sources of various biological and pharmacologically active compounds. Among these, temperate fruits are well studied for their pharmacological potentials, whereas tropical/subtropical fruits are less explored for their health impacts. In India, most of the consumed fruits are either tropical or subtropical. OBJECTIVES The present review aims to provide a health impact of major tropical and sub-tropical fruits of India, emphasizing their anticancer efficacy. In addition, the identified bioactive components from these fruits exhibiting anticancer efficacy are also discussed along with the patent literature published. METHODS The literature was collected from various repositories, including NCBI, ScienceDirect, Eurekaselect, and Web of Science; literature from predatory journals was omitted during the process. Patent literature was collected from google patents and similar patent databases. RESULTS Tropical fruits are rich sources of various nutrients and bioactive components including polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanin, etc. By virtue of these biomolecules, tropical fruits have been shown to interfere with various steps in carcinogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Their mode of action is either by activation of apoptosis, regulation of cell cycle, inhibition of cell survival and proliferation pathways, increased lipid trafficking or inhibiting inflammatory pathways. Several molecules and combinations have been patented for their anticancer and chemoprotective properties. CONCLUSION Overall, the present concludes that Indian tropical/ subtropical fruits are nutritionally and pharmacologically active and may serve as a source of novel anticancer agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Post Graduate & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph' College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut, Kerala. India
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Waresindo WX, Luthfianti HR, Edikresnha D, Suciati T, Noor FA, Khairurrijal K. A freeze-thaw PVA hydrogel loaded with guava leaf extract: physical and antibacterial properties. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30156-30171. [PMID: 35480264 PMCID: PMC9040922 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04092h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel loaded with guava leaf extract (GLE) has potential applications as a wound dressing with good antibacterial activity. This study succeeded in fabricating a PVA hydrogel containing GLE using the freeze-thaw (FT) method. By varying the GLE concentration, we can adjust the physical properties of the hydrogel. The addition of GLE results in a decrease in cross-linking during gelation and an increase in the pore size of the hydrogels. The increase of the pore size made the swelling increase and the mechanical strength decrease. The weight loss of the hydrogel also increases because the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) dissolves the GLE. Increasing the GLE concentration caused the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) absorbance peaks to widen due to hydrogen bonds formed during the FT process. The crystalline phase was transformed into an amorphous phase in the PVA/GLE hydrogel based on the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) characterization showed a significant decrease in the hydrogel weight over temperatures of 30-150 °C due to the evaporation of water from the hydrogel matrix. The zone of inhibition of the PVA/GLE hydrogel increased with antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus of 17.93% per gram and 15.79% per gram against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Xaveriano Waresindo
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
- University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Halida Rahmi Luthfianti
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
- University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Dhewa Edikresnha
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
- University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Tri Suciati
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Fatimah Arofiati Noor
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
| | - Khairurrijal Khairurrijal
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
- University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
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Jamieson S, Wallace CE, Das N, Bhattacharyya P, Bishayee A. Guava ( Psidium guajava L.): a glorious plant with cancer preventive and therapeutic potential. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:192-223. [PMID: 34289769 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1945531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) tree (Myrtaceae family) bears fruit rich in vitamins, fiber, and other nutrients. While native to Latin America, guava is grown in many tropical and subtropical regions across the globe where it has long been used in traditional medicine to treat a myriad of ailments. Guava has been shown to exhibit a number of biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. Several parts of the plant, including the leaves, fruits, seeds, peels, pulp, bark, and oil, produce phytochemicals with medicinal properties. Emerging research has found that guava bioactive phytochemicals exert antitumorigenic effects against various human malignancies through multiple mechanisms. While there are numerous individual studies that document the anticancer effects of guava constituents, an up-to-date, comprehensive, and critical review of available research data has not been performed. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to present a complete analysis of the cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic potential of guava-derived products and guava constituents, with a focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. The bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of guava as well as limitations, challenges, and future directions of research have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jamieson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Carly E Wallace
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia, Tripura, India
| | - Piyali Bhattacharyya
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Ana G. Méndez University, Gurabo, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Alamgeer, Saleem M. A Comprehensive Review on Ethnomedicinal, Pharmacological and Phytochemical Basis of Anticancer Medicinal Plants of Pakistan. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 19:120-151. [PMID: 29984657 DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180706164536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The widespread emergence of cancer and development of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is increasing the interest of scientists in the use of ethnomedicinal preparations and isolated phytochemicals in the treatment and prevention of disease. Medicinal plants have been used in Pakistan since prehistoric times. The present review was designed to identify anticancer plants of ethnomedicinal significance and to summarize the anticancer activities carried out on these medicinal plants to establish the pharmacological and phytochemical basis of their use. Pakistani anticancer medicinal plants of ethnopharmacological significance were reviewed. Conservation status, worldwide distribution and ethno-botanical preparations of these medicinal plants were also tabulated. These medicinal plants and their isolated phytochemicals were also explored for their anticancer activities. It was revealed that there were 108 anticancer medicinal plants used to treat different neoplastic conditions on the folklore basis throughout Pakistan. Among these anticancer plants, 64 plants were found to be investigated previously for anticancer activity through in vivo and in vitro methods. Several ethnomedicinal plants have been validated for their anticancer activities through in vitro and animal models. These medicinal plants and phytochemicals resulted in the inhibition of initiation, progression or metastasis of neoplasm. Some medicinal plants (10) are endangered species. Half of folkloric Pakistani plants have been validated for use against various cancers through in vitro or in vivo methods. It is necessary to carry out further pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of these folkloric anticancer plants of Pakistan. It is also necessary to identify and isolate further potential phytochemicals so as to be evaluated in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Alamgeer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Abd El Aty AA, Mohamed AA, Zohair MM, Soliman AA. Statistically controlled biogenesis of silver nano-size by Penicillium chrysogenum MF318506 for biomedical application. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Qamar H, Rehman S, Chauhan D. Current Status and Future Perspective for Research on Medicinal Plants with Anticancerous Activity and Minimum Cytotoxic Value. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 20:1227-1243. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190429120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although chemotherapy
and radiotherapy enhance the survival rate of cancerous patients but they have several acute
toxic effects. Therefore, there is a need to search for new anticancer agents having better efficacy and
lesser side effects. In this regard, herbal treatment is found to be a safe method for treating and preventing
cancer. Here, an attempt has been made to screen some less explored medicinal plants like
Ammania baccifera, Asclepias curassavica, Azadarichta indica, Butea monosperma, Croton tiglium,
Hedera nepalensis, Jatropha curcas, Momordica charantia, Moringa oleifera, Psidium guajava, etc.
having potent anticancer activity with minimum cytotoxic value (IC50 >3μM) and lesser or negligible
toxicity. They are rich in active phytochemicals with a wide range of drug targets. In this study, these
medicinal plants were evaluated for dose-dependent cytotoxicological studies via in vitro MTT assay
and in vivo tumor models along with some more plants which are reported to have IC50 value in the
range of 0.019-0.528 mg/ml. The findings indicate that these plants inhibit tumor growth by their antiproliferative,
pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic molecular targets. They are widely
used because of their easy availability, affordable price and having no or sometimes minimal side effects.
This review provides a baseline for the discovery of anticancer drugs from medicinal plants having
minimum cytotoxic value with minimal side effects and establishment of their analogues for the
welfare of mankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Qamar
- Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Sumbul Rehman
- Department of Ilmul Advia (Unani Pharmacology), A.K. Tibbiya College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - D.K. Chauhan
- Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
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Salehi B, Fokou PVT, Yamthe LRT, Tali BT, Adetunji CO, Rahavian A, Mudau FN, Martorell M, Setzer WN, Rodrigues CF, Martins N, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J. Phytochemicals in Prostate Cancer: From Bioactive Molecules to Upcoming Therapeutic Agents. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1483. [PMID: 31261861 PMCID: PMC6683070 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease, the second deadliest malignancy in men and the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men. Traditional plants have been applied to handle various diseases and to develop new drugs. Medicinal plants are potential sources of natural bioactive compounds that include alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenes, and steroids. Many of these naturally-occurring bioactive constituents possess promising chemopreventive properties. In this sense, the aim of the present review is to provide a detailed overview of the role of plant-derived phytochemicals in prostate cancers, including the contribution of plant extracts and its corresponding isolated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran
| | - Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou
- Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Ngoa Ekelle, Annex Fac. Sci, Yaounde 812, Cameroon
| | | | - Brice Tchatat Tali
- Antimicrobial Agents Unit, Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Messa-Yaoundé 812, Cameroon
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University, Iyamho, Edo State 300271, Nigeria
| | - Amirhossein Rahavian
- Department of Urology, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1989934148, Iran
| | - Fhatuwani Nixwell Mudau
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South Africa
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile.
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Célia F Rodrigues
- LEPABE-Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran.
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13
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Saber FR, Abdelbary GA, Salama MM, Saleh DO, Fathy MM, Soliman FM. UPLC/QTOF/MS profiling of two Psidium species and the in-vivo hepatoprotective activity of their nano-formulated liposomes. Food Res Int 2018; 105:1029-1038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lee DU, Weon KY, Nam DY, Nam JH, Kim WK. Skin protective effect of guava leaves against UV-induced melanogenesis via inhibition of ORAI1 channel and tyrosinase activity. Exp Dermatol 2018; 25:977-982. [PMID: 27488812 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is a major environmental factor affecting photoageing, which is characterized by skin wrinkle formation and hyperpigmentation. Although many factors are involved in the photoageing process, UV irradiation is thought to play a major role in melanogenesis. Tyrosinase is the key enzyme in melanin synthesis; therefore, many whitening agents target tyrosinase through various mechanisms, such as direct interference of tyrosinase catalytic activity or inhibition of tyrosinase mRNA expression. Furthermore, the highly selective calcium channel ORAI1 has been shown to be associated with UV-induced melanogenesis. Thus, ORAI1 antagonists may have applications in the prevention of melanogenesis. Here, we aimed to identify the antimelanogenesis agents from methanolic extract of guava leaves (Psidium guajava) that can inhibit tyrosinase and ORAI1 channel. The n-butanol (47.47%±7.503% inhibition at 10 μg/mL) and hexane (57.88%±7.09% inhibition at 10 μg/mL) fractions were found to inhibit ORAI1 channel activity. In addition, both fractions showed effective tyrosinase inhibitory activity (68.3%±0.50% and 56.9%±1.53% inhibition, respectively). We also confirmed that the hexane fraction decreased the melanin content induced by UVB irradiation and the ET-1-induced melanogenesis in murine B16F10 melanoma cells. These results suggest that the leaves of P. guajava can be used to protect against direct and indirect UV-induced melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ung Lee
- Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk, Korea
| | - Kwon Yeon Weon
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk, Korea
| | - Da-Yeong Nam
- Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk, Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk, Korea.,Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Kim
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea
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15
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The Chemical Featuring, Toxicity, and Antimicrobial Activity of Psidium cattleianum (Myrtaceae) Leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/7538613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is known that the phytochemical identification and assessment of biological effects caused by the constituent species Psidium cattleianum, which belongs to family Myrtaceae, are poorly held in the literature. The aim of the current study is to investigate the composition of secondary metabolites, the toxicity, and the antimicrobial activity of P. cattleianum leaves. The crude ethanolic extract of the plant was obtained through maceration and fractionated with hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate. The crude ethanol extract and the fractions were subjected to phytochemical screening and tested against the microcrustacean Artemia salina for toxicological assessment. Antimicrobial tests with crude ethanol extract and the fractions were carried out through the agar diffusion method using broth microdilution against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Burkholderia cepacia, and Escherichia coli strains. A variety of secondary metabolite groups such as catechins, steroids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and saponins was detected. Regarding toxicity, hexane and dichloromethane fractions were considered nontoxic, whereas the crude ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction showed low toxicity. The crude ethanol extract and the fractions, except for the hexane fraction, showed activity against the tested strains. Therefore, the composition of the secondary metabolites, the low toxicity, and the antimicrobial activity suggest that this species is promising in the search and development of new drugs.
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Lin HC, Lin JY. Immune Cell-Conditioned Media Suppress Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cell Growth Correlating With Decreased Proinflammatory/Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Ratios in the Media Using 5 Selected Crude Polysaccharides. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 15:NP13-NP25. [PMID: 27130724 PMCID: PMC5739154 DOI: 10.1177/1534735415627923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Five different crude polysaccharides from guava seed (GSPS), bitter buckwheat (BBPS), common buckwheat (CBPS), red Formosa lambsquarters (RFLPS), and yellow Formosa lambsquarters (YFLPS) were isolated to treat human prostate cancer PC-3 cells via direct action or tumor immunotherapy. The splenocyte- and macrophage-conditioned media (SCM and MCM) were prepared using individual selected polysaccharides, and then SCM or MCM was further collected to treat PC-3 cells. The relationship between PC-3 cell growth and Th1/Th2 cytokines in SCM as well as proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion profiles in MCM were delineated. The results showed that all 5 selected polysaccharides did not significantly inhibit PC-3 cell growth via direct action. However, SCM or MCM cultured in the absence or presence of 5 selected polysaccharides significantly (P < .05) inhibited PC-3 cell growth. MCM cultured with 5 polysaccharides dose dependently enhanced their inhibitory effects on the viabilities of PC-3 cells than those cultured without polysaccharides. There was a significant (P < .05) negative correlation between PC-3 cell viabilities and (interleukin [IL]-6 + tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α)/IL-10 level ratios in the corresponding MCM, implying that macrophages suppress PC-3 cell growth through decreasing secretion ratios of proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines in a tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin-Yuarn Lin
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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17
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Gorbe M, Bhat R, Aznar E, Sancenón F, Marcos MD, Herraiz FJ, Prohens J, Venkataraman A, Martínez-Máñez R. Rapid Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Pepino (Solanum muricatum) Leaf Extract and Their Cytotoxicity on HeLa Cells. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9050325. [PMID: 28773448 PMCID: PMC5503040 DOI: 10.3390/ma9050325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Within nanotechnology, gold and silver nanostructures have unique physical, chemical, and electronic properties [1,2], which make them suitable for a number of applications. Moreover, biosynthetic methods are considered to be a safer alternative to conventional physicochemical procedures for both the environmental and biomedical applications, due to their eco-friendly nature and the avoidance of toxic chemicals in the synthesis. For this reason, employing bio routes in the synthesis of functionalized silver nanoparticles (FAgNP) have gained importance recently in this field. In the present study, we report the rapid synthesis of FAgNP through the extract of pepino (Solanum muricatum) leaves and employing microwave oven irradiation. The core-shell globular morphology and characterization of the different shaped and sized FAgNP, with a core of 20-50 nm of diameter is established using the UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Zeta potential and dynamic light scanning (DLS) studies. Moreover, cytotoxic studies employing HeLa (human cervix carcinoma) cells were undertaken to understand FAgNP interactions with cells. HeLa cells showed significant dose dependent antiproliferative activity in the presence of FAgNP at relatively low concentrations. The calculated IC50 value was 37.5 µg/mL, similar to others obtained for FAgNPs against HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Gorbe
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universitat Politècnica de València-Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Valencia 46022, Spain.
| | - Ravishankar Bhat
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, Karnataka 585106, India.
- Biological Research Innovation Centre and Solutions LLP, Bengaluru, Karnataka 56004, India.
| | - Elena Aznar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universitat Politècnica de València-Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Valencia 46022, Spain.
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universitat Politècnica de València-Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Valencia 46022, Spain.
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
| | - M Dolores Marcos
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universitat Politècnica de València-Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Valencia 46022, Spain.
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
| | - F Javier Herraiz
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, Valencia 46022, Spain.
| | - Jaime Prohens
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, Valencia 46022, Spain.
| | - Abbaraju Venkataraman
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, Karnataka 585106, India.
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universitat Politècnica de València-Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Valencia 46022, Spain.
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
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Pierson JT, Dietzgen RG, Shaw PN, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR, Gidley MJ. Major Australian tropical fruits biodiversity: Bioactive compounds and their bioactivities. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 56:357-87. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Peng CC, Peng CH, Chen KC, Hsieh CL, Peng RY. The Aqueous Soluble Polyphenolic Fraction of Psidium guajava Leaves Exhibits Potent Anti-Angiogenesis and Anti-Migration Actions on DU145 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:219069. [PMID: 21799674 PMCID: PMC3135903 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/neq005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aqueous extract of Psidium guajava budding leaves (PE) bears an extremely high content of polyphenolic and isoflavonoids. Whether it could be used as an anti-tumor chemopreventive in view of anti-angiogenesis and anti-migration, we performed the assay methods including the MTT assay to examine the cell viability; the ELISA assay to test the expressions of VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8; the western blot analysis to detect TIMP-2; the gelatinolytic zymography to follow the expression of MMPs; the wound scratch assay to examine the migration capability; and the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay to detect the suppressive angiogenesis. Results indicated that the IC50 of PE for DU145 cells was ∼0.57 mg ml(-1). In addition, PE effectively inhibited the expressions of VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines, and MMP-2 and MMP-9, and simultaneously activated TIMP-2 and suppressed the cell migration and the angiogenesis. Conclusively, PE potentially possesses a strong anti-DU145 effect. Thus, clinically it owns the potential to be used as an effective adjuvant anti-cancer chemopreventive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Chi Peng
- School of Physical Therapy, College of Health Care, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung, Taiwan 40202, Taiwan
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20
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Chen KC, Peng CC, Chiu WT, Cheng YT, Huang GT, Hsieh CL, Peng RY. Action mechanism and signal pathways of Psidium guajava L. aqueous extract in killing prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Nutr Cancer 2010; 62:260-70. [PMID: 20099201 DOI: 10.1080/01635580903407130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous extract of Psidium guajava L. budding leaves (PE) has been shown to possess anti-prostate cancer activity in a cell line model. We examined whether its bioactivity could be conserved either in the presence or the absence of synthetic androgen R1881. In both cases, PE was shown to inhibit LNCaP cell proliferation and down-regulate expressions of androgen receptor (AR) and prostate specific antigen (PSA). The cytotoxicity of PE was shown by enhanced LDH release in LNCaP cells. The flow cytometry analysis revealed cell cycle arrests at G(0)/G(1) phase with huge amount of apoptotic LNCaP cells after treatment with PE for 48 h in a dose-responsive manner, which was also confirmed by TUNEL assay. From the results of decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio, inactivation of phosphor-Akt, activation of phosphor-p38, phospho-Erk1/phospho-Erk2, the molecular action mechanism of PE to induce apoptosis in LNCaP cells was elucidated. Compatible with the in vitro study findings, treatment with PE (1.5 mg/mouse/day) significantly diminished both the PSA serum levels and tumor size in a xenograft mouse tumor model. Conclusively, PE is a promising anti-androgen-sensative prostate cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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21
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Fu HZ, Luo YM, Li CJ, Yang JZ, Zhang DM. Psidials A-C, three unusual meroterpenoids from the leaves of Psidium guajava L. Org Lett 2010; 12:656-9. [PMID: 20078113 DOI: 10.1021/ol9024869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three novel sesquiterpenoid-based meroterpenoids of psidials A-C (1-3) have been isolated from the leaves of Psidium guajava L. Their complete structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods, and that of 1 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Psidial B (2) and C (3) represented the new skeleton of the 3,5-diformylbenzyl phloroglucinol-coupled sesquiterpenoid. A possible biosynthetic pathway for 2-3 was postulated. 2-3 showed activity to enzyme PTP1B in 10 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zheng Fu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education), Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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Khaleel Basha S, Govindaraju K, Manikandan R, Ahn JS, Bae EY, Singaravelu G. Phytochemical mediated gold nanoparticles and their PTP 1B inhibitory activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 75:405-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Revised: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Chen KC, Chuang CM, Lin LY, Chiu WT, Wang HE, Hsieh CL, Tsai T, Peng RY. The polyphenolics in the aqueous extract of Psidium guajava kinetically reveal an inhibition model on LDL glycation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2010; 48:23-31. [PMID: 20645752 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903029365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Guava [Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae)] budding leaf extract (PE) has shown tremendous bioactivities. Previously, we found seven major compounds in PE, i.e., gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, rutin, quercetin, naringenin, and kaempferol. PE showed a potentially active antiglycative effect in an LDL (low density lipoprotein) mimic biomodel, which can be attributed to its large content of polyphenolics. The glycation and antiglycative reactions showed characteristic distinct four-phase kinetic patterns. In the presence of PE, the kinetic coefficients were 0.000438, 0.000060, 0.000, and -0.0001354 ABS-mL/mg-min, respectively, for phases 1 to 4. Computer simulation evidenced the dose-dependent inhibition model. Conclusively, PE contains a large amount of polyphenolics, whose antiglycative bioactivity fits the inhibition model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Raghunandan D, Basavaraja S, Mahesh B, Balaji S, Manjunath SY, Venkataraman A. Biosynthesis of Stable Polyshaped Gold Nanoparticles from Microwave-Exposed Aqueous Extracellular Anti-malignant Guava (Psidium guajava) Leaf Extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12030-009-9030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chen KC, Hsieh CL, Huang KD, Ker YB, Chyau CC, Peng RY. Anticancer activity of rhamnoallosan against DU-145 cells is kinetically complementary to coexisting Polyphenolics in Psidium guajava budding leaves. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:6114-6122. [PMID: 19552430 DOI: 10.1021/jf901268w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Psidium guajava L. is a valuable farm fruit plant having many medicinal uses. Previously its budding leaves (PE) were shown to contain huge amounts of soluble polyphenolics (SP) including (in mg/g) gallic acid (348), catechin (102), epicatechin (60), rutin (100), quercetin (102), and rutin (100) and to exhibit potent anticancer activity. However, reconstitution of these polyphenolics recovered only 40% of the original bioactivity, and the soluble carbohydrate (SC) portion in PE was suspected to contribute the remaining. PE contained a novel rhamnoallosan, which had a carbohydrate/protein (w/w) ratio = 29.06%/10.27% (=2.83, average molecular mass of 5029 kDa), characteristically evidencing a peptidoglycan, consisting of a composition (mole % ratio) of rhamnose/allose/arabinose/tallose/xylose/fucose/glucose/mannose/galactose = 36.05:24.24:8.76:7.95:7.37:5.90:3.69:3.19:2.85 and of amino acid (in wt %) glycine/leucine/proline/alanine/methionine/isoleucine/valine/histidine/tyrosine/phenylalanine/cysteine/aspartic acid/lysine/glutamic acid = 37.12:12.68:10.05:8.97:5.99:4.89:4.83:4.25:4.05:2.78:1.86:1.10:0.73:0.70. Kinetic analysis showed comparable apparent cell-killing rate coefficients (k(app)) to be 4.03 x 10(3) and 2.92 x 10(3) cells mg(-1) h(-1), respectively, by SP and SC, evidencing the complementary anti-DU-145 bioactivity in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Xin-Yi District, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Kawakami Y, Nakamura T, Hosokawa T, Suzuki-Yamamoto T, Yamashita H, Kimoto M, Tsuji H, Yoshida H, Hada T, Takahashi Y. Antiproliferative activity of guava leaf extract via inhibition of prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase isoforms. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2009; 80:239-45. [PMID: 19457650 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2009.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (PGHS) is a key enzyme for the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) which play important roles in inflammation and carcinogenesis. Because the extract from Psidium guajava is known to have a variety of beneficial effects on our body including the anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and antiproliferative activities, we investigated whether the extract inhibited the catalytic activity of the two PGHS isoforms using linoleic acid as an alternative substrate. The guava leaf extract inhibited the cyclooxygenase reaction of recombinant human PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 as assessed by conversion of linoleic acid to 9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs). The guava leaf extract also inhibited the PG hydroperoxidase activity of PGHS-1, which was not affected by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Quercetin which was one of the major components not only inhibited the cyclooxygenase activity of both isoforms but also partially inhibited the PG hydroperoxidase activity. Overexpression of human PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 in the human colon carcinoma cells increased the DNA synthesis rate as compared with mock-transfected cells which did not express any isoforms. The guava leaf extract not only inhibited the PGE(2) synthesis but also suppressed the DNA synthesis rate in the PGHS-1- and PGHS-2-expressing cells to the same level as mock-transfected cells. These results demonstrate the antiproliferative activity of the guava leaf extract which is at least in part caused by inhibition of the catalytic activity of PGHS isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawakami
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
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Gutiérrez RMP, Mitchell S, Solis RV. Psidium guajava: a review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 117:1-27. [PMID: 18353572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2007] [Revised: 01/26/2008] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Psidium guajava, is an important food crop and medicinal plant in tropical and subtropical countries is widely used like food and in folk medicine around of the world. This aims a comprehensive of the chemical constituents, pharmacological, and clinical uses. Different pharmacological experiments in a number of in vitro and in vivo models have been carried out. Also have been identified the medicinally important phyto-constituents. A number of metabolites in good yield and some have been shown to possess useful biological activities belonging mainly to phenolic, flavonoid, carotenoid, terpenoid and triterpene. Extracts and metabolites of this plant, particularly those from leaves and fruits possess useful pharmacological activities. A survey of the literature shows P. guajava is mainly known for its antispasmodic and antimicrobial properties in the treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery. Has also been used extensively as a hypoglycaemic agent. Many pharmacological studies have demonstrated the ability of this plant to exhibit antioxidant, hepatoprotection, anti-allergy, antimicrobial, antigenotoxic, antiplasmodial, cytotoxic, antispasmodic, cardioactive, anticough, antidiabetic, antiinflamatory and antinociceptive activities, supporting its traditional uses. Suggest a wide range of clinical applications for the treatment of infantile rotaviral enteritis, diarrhoea and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Martha Pérez Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias extractivas IPN, Punto Fijo 16, Col. Torres Lindavista C.P. 07708 México, D.F., Mexico.
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