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Basilakos A, Smith KG, Fillmore P, Fridriksson J, Fedorenko E. Functional Characterization of the Human Speech Articulation Network. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:1816-1830. [PMID: 28453613 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of brain regions have been implicated in articulation, but their precise computations remain debated. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examine the degree of functional specificity of articulation-responsive brain regions to constrain hypotheses about their contributions to speech production. We find that articulation-responsive regions (1) are sensitive to articulatory complexity, but (2) are largely nonoverlapping with nearby domain-general regions that support diverse goal-directed behaviors. Furthermore, premotor articulation regions show selectivity for speech production over some related tasks (respiration control), but not others (nonspeech oral-motor [NSO] movements). This overlap between speech and nonspeech movements concords with electrocorticographic evidence that these regions encode articulators and their states, and with patient evidence whereby articulatory deficits are often accompanied by oral-motor deficits. In contrast, the superior temporal regions show strong selectivity for articulation relative to nonspeech movements, suggesting that these regions play a specific role in speech planning/production. Finally, articulation-responsive portions of posterior inferior frontal gyrus show some selectivity for articulation, in line with the hypothesis that this region prepares an articulatory code that is passed to the premotor cortex. Taken together, these results inform the architecture of the human articulation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Basilakos
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Kimberly G Smith
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Paul Fillmore
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Julius Fridriksson
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Evelina Fedorenko
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Variation in the speech signal as a window into the cognitive architecture of language production. Psychon Bull Rev 2018; 25:1973-2004. [PMID: 29383571 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-017-1423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The pronunciation of words is highly variable. This variation provides crucial information about the cognitive architecture of the language production system. This review summarizes key empirical findings about variation phenomena, integrating corpus, acoustic, articulatory, and chronometric data from phonetic and psycholinguistic studies. It examines how these data constrain our current understanding of word production processes and highlights major challenges and open issues that should be addressed in future research.
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Pilkington E, Keidel J, Kendrick LT, Saddy JD, Sage K, Robson H. Sources of Phoneme Errors in Repetition: Perseverative, Neologistic, and Lesion Patterns in Jargon Aphasia. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:225. [PMID: 28522967 PMCID: PMC5415595 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined patterns of neologistic and perseverative errors during word repetition in fluent Jargon aphasia. The principal hypotheses accounting for Jargon production indicate that poor activation of a target stimulus leads to weakly activated target phoneme segments, which are outcompeted at the phonological encoding level. Voxel-lesion symptom mapping studies of word repetition errors suggest a breakdown in the translation from auditory-phonological analysis to motor activation. Behavioral analyses of repetition data were used to analyse the target relatedness (Phonological Overlap Index: POI) of neologistic errors and patterns of perseveration in 25 individuals with Jargon aphasia. Lesion-symptom analyses explored the relationship between neurological damage and jargon repetition in a group of 38 aphasia participants. Behavioral results showed that neologisms produced by 23 jargon individuals contained greater degrees of target lexico-phonological information than predicted by chance and that neologistic and perseverative production were closely associated. A significant relationship between jargon production and lesions to temporoparietal regions was identified. Region of interest regression analyses suggested that damage to the posterior superior temporal gyrus and superior temporal sulcus in combination was best predictive of a Jargon aphasia profile. Taken together, these results suggest that poor phonological encoding, secondary to impairment in sensory-motor integration, alongside impairments in self-monitoring result in jargon repetition. Insights for clinical management and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Pilkington
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of ReadingReading, UK
| | - James Keidel
- School of Psychology, University of SussexBrighton, UK
| | - Luke T Kendrick
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of ReadingReading, UK
| | - James D Saddy
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of ReadingReading, UK
| | - Karen Sage
- Department of Allied Health Professions, Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffield, UK.,Centre for Health and Social Care, Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffield, UK
| | - Holly Robson
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of ReadingReading, UK
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Farmer TA, Yan S, Bicknell K, Tanenhaus MK. Form-to-expectation matching effects on first-pass eye movement measures during reading. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 2015; 41:958-76. [PMID: 25915072 PMCID: PMC4516711 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent Electroencephalography/Magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG) studies suggest that when contextual information is highly predictive of some property of a linguistic signal, expectations generated from context can be translated into surprisingly low-level estimates of the physical form-based properties likely to occur in subsequent portions of the unfolding signal. Whether form-based expectations are generated and assessed during natural reading, however, remains unclear. We monitored eye movements while participants read phonologically typical and atypical nouns in noun-predictive contexts (Experiment 1), demonstrating that when a noun is strongly expected, fixation durations on first-pass eye movement measures, including first fixation duration, gaze duration, and go-past times, are shorter for nouns with category typical form-based features. In Experiments 2 and 3, typical and atypical nouns were placed in sentential contexts normed to create expectations of variable strength for a noun. Context and typicality interacted significantly at gaze duration. These results suggest that during reading, form-based expectations that are translated from higher-level category-based expectancies can facilitate the processing of a word in context, and that their effect on lexical processing is graded based on the strength of category expectancy.
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O'Séaghdha PG. Across the great divide: Proximate units at the lexical-phonological interface. JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jpr.12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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