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Machado-Rodrigues AM, Rodrigues D, Gama A, Nogueira H, Silva MRG, Mascarenhas LP, Padez C. Tri-axial accelerometer-assessed physical activity and its association with weight status in a sample of elementary-school children. Obes Res Clin Pract 2023:S1871-403X(23)00027-3. [PMID: 37087316 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Objective assessment of physical activity (PA) using accelerometers and pedometers has become more accurate and common practice in the study of childhood overweight. The study aimed: i) to compare PA levels and body shape of boys and girls, and assess compliance of active children with the PA recommendation; ii) to analyse associations between the risk of overweight and the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children. METHODS The sample comprised 395 children (198 girls) aged 6-10 years. Height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated subsequently. A tri-axial accelerometer was used to obtain seven consecutive days of MVPA, as well as the weekly time being sedentary. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the afore-mentioned relationship among the risk of obesity and MVPA, controlling for confounders. RESULTS After controlling for wearing time, boys spent significantly more minutes in the moderate-to-vigorous portion of PA than their female counterparts. About 47% of boys were active on week days by achieve the mean value of 60 min/day of MVPA; corresponding percentage for the weekend was just 32%. Among girls, only 22% were active on week days and 29% at the weekend. MVPA was not significantly associated with the risk of being overweight nor in female neither in male children. The final regression model revealed that girls of mothers with high educational level were less likely to be classified as overweight girls. CONCLUSIONS Findings revealed no significantly relation between MVPA and obesity risk among Portuguese children. Future research should extend similar design to other lifestyle features of children to clarify potential predictors of being overweight at early ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Rodrigues
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Augusta Gama
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Helena Nogueira
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria-Raquel G Silva
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Nutrition, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Centre-Group of Sleep, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís P Mascarenhas
- UniCentro, Department of Physical Education, Midwestern Paraná State University, Brazil
| | - Cristina Padez
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Portugal
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MACHADO-RODRIGUES AM, RODRIGUES D, GAMA A, NOGUEIRA H, SILVA MR, MASCARENHAS LP, PADEZ C. Pediatric lifestyle and risk of obesity: the role of sedentary behaviour, daily physical activity, and eating patterns in 7-9 years-old children. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2023. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.22.04821-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Abdalhk D, Riddell MC, Swayze S, Kuk JL. Association between metformin and physical activity with glucose control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2021; 4:e00206. [PMID: 33855209 PMCID: PMC8029551 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the combined association between metformin use and physical activity on HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes. Research Design and Methods Adults with type 2 diabetes from NHANES continuous survey (1999-2018, n = 6447) were classified as active and inactive based on self-reported engagement in moderate-to-vigorous or vigorous physical activity (MVPA or VigPA) and metformin use over the last month. Results There was a significant negative main effect of metformin usage on HbA1c levels, independent of whether individuals engaged in modest levels of MVPA or VigPA. Moreover, there was a higher prevalence of metformin users with a HbA1c < 6.5% than non-metformin users with no differences by activity status (36.1%-39.5% versus 24.9%-29.7%, respectively). There was a significantly lower HbA1c level (P = .007) and trend for a higher odds of having a HbA1c that achieved the clinical target of <7% (OR, 95% CI = 1.2, 1.0-1.4, P = .06) in the MVPA than non-MVPA group for only those not using metformin. For those using metformin, there was no difference in HbA1c levels by either MVPA or VigPA (both P > .05). Conclusions There appears to be independent benefits of metformin and regular physical activity on glucose control, but the impact of these two treatments are not necessarily additive. Based on this analyses, the benefit of physical activity on HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetes is likely more apparent in those not taking metformin, as compared to those who are.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Abdalhk
- School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Michael C. Riddell
- School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Sarah Swayze
- School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Jennifer L. Kuk
- School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada
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Sacko R, McIver K, Brazendale K, Pfeifer C, Brian A, Nesbitt D, Stodden DF. Comparison of Indirect Calorimetry- and Accelerometry-Based Energy Expenditure During Children's Discrete Skill Performance. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2019; 90:629-640. [PMID: 31441713 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1642440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To compare children's energy expenditure (EE) levels during object projection skill performance (OPSP; e.g., kicking, throwing, striking) as assessed by hip- and wrist-worn accelerometers. Method: Forty-two children (female n = 20, Mage = 8.1 ± 0.8 years) performed three, nine-minute sessions of kicking, over-arm throwing, and striking at performance intervals of 6, 12, and 30 seconds. EE was estimated using indirect calorimetry (COSMED k4b2) and accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X+) worn on three different locations (hip, dominant-wrist, and non-dominant-wrist) using four commonly used cut-points. Bland-Altman plots were used to analyze the agreement in EE estimations between accelerometry and indirect calorimetry (METS). Chi-square goodness of fit tests were used to examine the agreement between accelerometry and indirect calorimetry. Results: Hip- and wrist-worn accelerometers underestimated EE, compared to indirect calorimetry, during all performance conditions. Skill practice at a rate of two trials per minute resulted in the equivalent of moderate PA and five trials per minute resulted in vigorous PA (as measured by indirect calorimetry), yet was only categorized as light and/or moderate activity by all measured forms of accelerometry. Conclusion: This is one of the first studies to evaluate the ability of hip- and wrist-worn accelerometers to predict PA intensity levels during OPSP in children. These data may significantly impact PA intervention measurement strategies by revealing the lack of validity in accelerometers to accurately predict PA levels during OPSP in children.
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Nascimento-Ferreira MV, De Moraes ACF, Toazza Oliveira PV, Rendo-Urteaga T, Gracia-Marco L, Forjaz CLM, Moreno LA, Carvalho HB. Assessment of physical activity intensity and duration in the paediatric population: evidence to support an a priori hypothesis and sample size in the agreement between subjective and objective methods. Obes Rev 2018; 19:810-824. [PMID: 29573189 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to provide evidence for an a priori hypothesis and sample size for subjectively assessing physical activity intensity and duration in paediatric population, adopting objective methods as the reference. We searched electronic databases, reference lists and author databases. Correlation coefficients were pooled as an indicator of agreement estimates. We found 183 agreement analyses (94.5% based on correlation coefficients) from 89 studies that met our inclusion criteria. We identified four physical activity parameters addressing intensity and two parameters addressing duration. The physical activity parameters focusing on intensity were measured only by questionnaires, and the best correlation was achieved by moderate-to-vigorous physical activity compared with a heart rate monitor. In addition, total physical activity duration had a stronger correlation with an accelerometer when measured by diaries or logs than when measured by questionnaires. In both cases, the correlation was moderate. Studies with sample sizes between 50 and 99 subjects showed measurements that were stable in both magnitude and interpretation. Our findings suggest that the agreement between subjective and objective methods for assessing physical activity intensity and duration is weak to moderate. Furthermore, sample sizes ranging from 50 to 99 subjects provide stable agreement estimates between methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Nascimento-Ferreira
- Youth/Child Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A C F De Moraes
- Youth/Child Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,John Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Granada, Spain
| | - P V Toazza Oliveira
- Youth/Child Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T Rendo-Urteaga
- Youth/Child Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Gracia-Marco
- Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Zaragoza, Spain.,PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity (PROFITH) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - C L M Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L A Moreno
- Youth/Child Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - H B Carvalho
- Youth/Child Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Johansson H, Berglund M, Holmbäck U. Subjective and objective assessment of physical activity - Influence of newly diagnosed exercise induced bronchoconstriction and gender. Respir Med 2017; 131:205-209. [PMID: 28947031 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate if occurrence of newly diagnosed exercise induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) would affect adolescents' ability to assess their physical activity. METHODS 99 selected adolescents with and 47 adolescents without self-reported exercise induced dyspnea were included. All of the 146 adolescents then performed a standardized exercise challenge test on a treadmill with dry-air inhalation to detect EIB. Free living physical activity was assessed during seven days with both accelerometer (objective assessment) and a validated activity diary (subjective assessment). Height, weight and subjective sleep were recorded. RESULTS Out of the 146 adolescents 49 were diagnosed with EIB. Forty-six of the adolescents with EIB (35 girls and 11 boys) and 84 of the control adolescents (45 girls and 39 boys) had complete 7 day activity diary and accelerometer data. There were no differences in age, BMI and sleep between EIB and control adolescents. Boys with EIB overestimated subjective assessment compared to objective assessment more than girls with EIB. No difference was seen between control boys and girls. Furthermore, boys with EIB reported a much higher frequency of high intensity exercise than girls with EIB, but no difference was observed between control boys and girls. CONCLUSION Adolescent boys with newly diagnosed EIB overestimated their physical activity compared to EIB girls. Caution may thus be used when choosing methods measuring level of physical activity in this group and especially when investigating gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Johansson
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiotherapy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- Allergy- and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Marie Berglund
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Holmbäck
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Armbrust W, Bos GJFJ, Wulffraat NM, van Brussel M, Cappon J, Dijkstra PU, Geertzen JHB, Legger GE, van Rossum MAJ, Sauer PJJ, Lelieveld OTHM. Internet Program for Physical Activity and Exercise Capacity in Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2017; 69:1040-1049. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.23100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wineke Armbrust
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, and Beatrix Children's Hospital; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - G. J. F. Joyce Bos
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Nico M. Wulffraat
- University Medical Center Utrecht and Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marco van Brussel
- University Medical Center Utrecht and Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Jeannette Cappon
- Reade, Center for Rehabilitation and Rheumatology, Dr. Jan van Breemenstraat; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Pieter U. Dijkstra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. B. Geertzen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - G. Elizabeth Legger
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, and Beatrix Children's Hospital; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Marion A. J. van Rossum
- Reade, Center for Rehabilitation and Rheumatology, Dr. Jan van Breemenstraat; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. J. Sauer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, and Beatrix Children's Hospital; Groningen The Netherlands
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Armbrust W, Bos GJ, Geertzen JH, Sauer PJ, Dijkstra PU, Lelieveld OT. Measuring Physical Activity in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Activity Diary Versus Accelerometer. J Rheumatol 2017; 44:1249-1256. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.160671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective.(1) To determine convergent validity of an activity diary (AD) and accelerometer (Actical brand/Phillips-Respironics) in measuring physical activity (PA) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). (2) To determine how many days give reliable results. (3) To analyze effects of correcting accelerometer data for non-wear.Methods.Patients with JIA (8–13 yrs) were recruited from 3 Dutch pediatric rheumatology centers. PA was assessed for 7 days with an AD and accelerometer, and was expressed as mean min/day of rest, light PA (LPA), moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), and PA level (PAL). To analyze convergent validity, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated and paired sample Student t tests were performed. The required number of days to achieve reliable results was calculated using the Spearman-Brown prophecy formula.Results.Convergent validity between AD and accelerometer was moderate for rest and PAL (ICC 0.41). ICC for LPA and MVPA were < 0.24. AD overestimated PAL and MVPA compared with the accelerometer. Wearing the accelerometer 7–19 days gave reliable PA estimates on group and individual levels. For the AD, 13–36 days were needed. Adjusting accelerometer data for non-wear resulted in a clinically relevant higher mean number of min/day spent in LPA (effect size 1.12), but not in MVPA (effect size 0.44).Conclusion.Convergent validity between AD and accelerometer is moderate to poor. In children with JIA, 1-week assessment with an accelerometer is sufficient to measure PA (all levels) reliably. On an individual level and for clinical use, 3 weeks are required. Additional use of AD enables correction for non-wear of accelerometer data.
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Rääsk T, Mäestu J, Lätt E, Jürimäe J, Jürimäe T, Vainik U, Konstabel K. Comparison of IPAQ-SF and Two Other Physical Activity Questionnaires with Accelerometer in Adolescent Boys. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169527. [PMID: 28056080 PMCID: PMC5215940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-report measures of physical activity (PA) are easy to use and popular but their reliability is often questioned. Therefore, the general aim of the present study was to investigate the association of PA questionnaires with accelerometer derived PA, in a sample of adolescent boys. In total, 191 pubertal boys (mean age 14.0 years) completed three self-report questionnaires and wore an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT1M) for 7 consecutive days. The PA questionnaires were: International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Tartu Physical Activity Questionnaire (TPAQ), and the Inactivity subscale from Domain-Specific Impulsivity (DSI) scale. All three questionnaires were significantly correlated with accelerometer derived MVPA: the correlations were 0.31 for the IPAQ-SF MVPA, 0.34 for the TPAQ MVPA and -0.29 for the DSI Inactivity scale. Nevertheless, none of the questionnaires can be used as a reliable individual-level estimate of MVPA in male adolescents. The boys underreported their MVPA in IPAQ-SF as compared to accelerometer-derived MVPA (respective averages 43 and 56 minutes); underreporting was more marked in active boys with average daily MVPA at least 60 minutes, and was not significant in less active boys. Conversely, MVPA index from TPAQ overestimated the MVPA in less active boys but underestimated it in more active boys. The sedentary time reported in IPAQ-SF was an underestimate as compared to accelerometer-derived sedentary time (averages 519 and 545 minutes, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Triin Rääsk
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jarek Mäestu
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evelin Lätt
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Jürimäe
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toivo Jürimäe
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Uku Vainik
- Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kenn Konstabel
- Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
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Rääsk T, Lätt E, Jürimäe T, Mäestu J, Jürimäe J, Konstabel K. Association of Subjective Ratings to Objectively Assessed Physical Activity in Pubertal Boys with Differing BMI. Percept Mot Skills 2015; 121:245-59. [DOI: 10.2466/10.03.pms.121c13x7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The associations between subjective ratings and objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were examined in normal, and overweight and obese, pubertal boys and compared with their parents' reports. In total, 224 boys (M age = 12.2 yr.) completed the self-report questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days. Questionnaire-based indexes of physical activity (PA) were weakly associated with the accelerometer PA data. Correlations between subjective and objective assessments were significantly higher in overweight and obese groups. Parent reports predicted sedentary time better than boys' self-reports but no difference was found for MVPA. Future studies must consider that the source of rating, season, and weight status may be possible sources of confounding when using subjective assessments of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triin Rääsk
- Faculty of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Centre of Behavioural, Social and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evelin Lätt
- Faculty of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Centre of Behavioural, Social and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toivo Jürimäe
- Faculty of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Centre of Behavioural, Social and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jarek Mäestu
- Faculty of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Centre of Behavioural, Social and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Jürimäe
- Faculty of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Centre of Behavioural, Social and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kenn Konstabel
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
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Machado-Rodrigues AM, Leite N, Coelho-e-Silva MJ, Martins RA, Valente-dos-Santos J, Mascarenhas LPG, Boguszewski MCS, Padez C, Malina RM. Independent association of clustered metabolic risk factors with cardiorespiratory fitness in youth aged 11-17 years. Ann Hum Biol 2015; 41:271-6. [PMID: 24702626 DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2013.856471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has increased in youth, the potential independent contribution of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to the clustering of metabolic risk factors has received relatively little attention. AIM This study evaluated associations between the clustering of metabolic risk factors and CRF in a sample of youth. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Height, weight, BMI, fasting glucose, insulin, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and blood pressures were measured in a cross-sectional sample of 924 youth (402 males, 522 females) of 11-17 years. CRF was assessed using the 20-metre shuttle run test. Physical activity (PA) was measured with a 3-day diary. Outcome variables were statistically normalized and expressed as Z-scores. A MetS risk score was computed as the mean of the Z-scores. Multiple linear regression was used to test associations between CRF and metabolic risk, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, PA and parental education. RESULTS CRF was inversely associated with MetS after adjustment for potential confounders. After adjusting for BMI, the relationship between CRF and metabolic risk has substantially improved. CONCLUSION CRF was independently associated with the clustering of metabolic risk factors in youth of 11-17 years of age.
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Machado-Rodrigues AM, Leite N, Coelho-e-Silva MJ, Enes F, Fernandes R, Mascarenhas LPG, Boguszewski MCS, Malina RM. Metabolic risk and television time in adolescent females. Int J Public Health 2014; 60:157-65. [PMID: 25491570 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-014-0625-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A sedentary lifestyle is increasingly implicated in a negative metabolic health profile among youth. The present study examined relationships between clustered metabolic risk factors and TV viewing in female adolescents. METHODS The sample comprised 262 girls 14-17 years. Height, weight, fasting glucose, insulin, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. TV viewing time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were estimated from a 3-day diary. Outcome variables were normalized and expressed as Z scores which were summed into a metabolic risk score. Multiple linear regression analysis was used. RESULTS TV viewing was independently associated with increased prevalence of clustered metabolic risk in girls after adjustment for several confounders (i.e., chronological age, BMI, MVPA, and parental education). The final model also indicated that lower levels of MVPA, higher BMI, and lower mother education were associated with higher metabolic risk. CONCLUSIONS Increased TV viewing had an adverse effect on metabolic health of adolescent girls. The findings highlight the potential importance of preventive actions to ameliorate metabolic risk in youth which target both sedentary and physically active behaviors.
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Khusainov R, Azzi D, Achumba IE, Bersch SD. Real-time human ambulation, activity, and physiological monitoring: taxonomy of issues, techniques, applications, challenges and limitations. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 13:12852-902. [PMID: 24072027 PMCID: PMC3859040 DOI: 10.3390/s131012852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Automated methods of real-time, unobtrusive, human ambulation, activity, and wellness monitoring and data analysis using various algorithmic techniques have been subjects of intense research. The general aim is to devise effective means of addressing the demands of assisted living, rehabilitation, and clinical observation and assessment through sensor-based monitoring. The research studies have resulted in a large amount of literature. This paper presents a holistic articulation of the research studies and offers comprehensive insights along four main axes: distribution of existing studies; monitoring device framework and sensor types; data collection, processing and analysis; and applications, limitations and challenges. The aim is to present a systematic and most complete study of literature in the area in order to identify research gaps and prioritize future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Khusainov
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Building, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK; E-Mails: (R.K.); (D.A.); (S.D.B.)
| | - Djamel Azzi
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Building, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK; E-Mails: (R.K.); (D.A.); (S.D.B.)
| | - Ifeyinwa E. Achumba
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Building, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK; E-Mails: (R.K.); (D.A.); (S.D.B.)
| | - Sebastian D. Bersch
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Building, Anglesea Road, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK; E-Mails: (R.K.); (D.A.); (S.D.B.)
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