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Fontánez R, De Jesus K, Frontera WR, Micheo W. Return to Sports Following Shoulder Injury: Clinical Evaluation, Isokinetic, and Functional Testing. Curr Sports Med Rep 2023; 22:191-198. [PMID: 37294193 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000001072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The shoulder is commonly injured in overhead sports. This is associated with a high degree of mobility at the expense of stability, sports specific demands, high volume or intensity of practice and competition, biomechanical deficits, and poor technique. Following injury, the return to competition process includes nonsurgical or surgical treatment, comprehensive rehabilitation, and a structured return to sports program. The return to sports continuum is divided into phases which include return to practice of the sport, return to competition at a lower level or with reduced performance, and return to expected performance. Components of the return to sports decision include clinical evaluation of physical and psychological readiness, measurement of muscle strength using isokinetic tests, evaluation of overhead functional tasks, and progression in a supervised interval throwing program. The evidence for the effectiveness of return to sports programs following shoulder injury is limited but evolving and is an area that will merit continued investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Fontánez
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan, PUERTO RICO
| | - Kevin De Jesus
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan, PUERTO RICO
| | - Walter R Frontera
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Professor, Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan, PUERTO RICO
| | - William Micheo
- Sports Medicine Fellowship Director, Department of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan, PUERTO RICO
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Suzuki K, Okada T, Takayoshi H, Katz-Leurer M, Dvir Z. The dynamic control ratio and its equilibrium point: A preliminary study of isokinetic fatiguing internal-external rotational effort of the shoulder joint in healthy subjects. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2023; 70:102767. [PMID: 37028113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2023.102767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The shoulder joint-related dynamic control ratio (DCR) is derived by dividing the peak eccentric moment of the external rotators (ER) by the peak concentric moment of the internal rotators (IR). However, given the inherent limitation associated with a single value DCR, an alternative approach is to calculate it at fixed angular intervals. This preliminary study aimed at exploring the variation in the DCR at a resolution of 1° and under fatiguing external and internal rotation exertions. Eighteen young men, 10 experienced and 8 without experience in overhead sporting activities completed two separate series of 45 ER eccentric and 45 IR concentric isokinetic repetitions at 120°/s. The analysis focused on repetitions 1-3 (TR1), 21-23 (TR2) and 41-43 (TR3). The relative fatigue values for both muscle groups and for both E and NE participants were 25-40% with significantly higher fatigue resistance in eccentric compared with concentric exertions. The DCR traces varied substantially linearly for most of the internal rotation range of motion while significant differences (p < 0.001) were found in their values within group between TR1, TR2 and TR3 and between experienced and non-experienced participants. An antagonistic moment equilibrium (DCR = 1) was reached in all instances and for both groups only during TR3 with a significant progressive reduction in this moment as fatigue increased. Thus, considering the DCR as an angle-based variable rather than a single value isokinetic parameter, may add new insight regarding the interplay between the rotatory muscles of the shoulder joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Suzuki
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Japan; Dept. of Physical Therapy, Tokyo College of Medical Sports, Japan.
| | - Takashi Okada
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Japan.
| | - Hakkaku Takayoshi
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Japan.
| | - Michal Katz-Leurer
- Dept. of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997120, Israel.
| | - Zeevi Dvir
- Dept. of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997120, Israel.
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Shoulder Strength and Upper Body Field Performance Tests in Young Female Handball and Volleyball Athletes: Are There Differences Between Sports? J Sport Rehabil 2021; 31:191-198. [PMID: 34856534 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2021-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Volleyball and handball players have usually been studied collectively as "overhead athletes," since throwing present similarities in the proximal to distal movement sequencing and upper limb joints ranges of motion. However, each sport presents specificities in the objectives when accelerating the ball and a variety of possible throwing techniques. Therefore, it is expected there may be differences in the shoulder and upper body physical performance between sports. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine if there are differences in shoulder muscle strength and upper body field performance tests between volleyball and handball athletes. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Ninety-nine volleyball and handball female athletes aged between 13 and 20 years were evaluated for isometric shoulder abductor and rotator strength (handheld dynamometer) and upper body field performance tests: Y Balance Test-Upper Quarter, modified Closed Kinetic Chain Upper-Extremity Stability Test, and unilateral and bilateral Seated Medicine Ball Throw. RESULTS Handball athletes presented greater shoulder internal rotation strength (between-group difference: 2.84; effect size 0.70), higher medial (between-group difference: 9.54; effect size 0.90), superolateral (between-group differences: 8.9; effect size 0.68), and composite scores (between-group difference 5.7; effect size 0.75) of the Y Balance Test-Upper Quarter and higher unilateral (between-group difference: 41.92; effect size 0.91) and bilateral (between-group difference: 46.11; effect size 0.83) Seated Medicine Ball Throw performance. Groups were not different for Closed Kinetic Chain Upper-Extremity Stability Test, external rotation, and abduction isometric strength. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that young female handball athletes present greater internal rotator strength and better performance in Y Balance Test-Upper Quarter and Seated Medicine Ball Throw compared to volleyball players. These differences may be related to the different demands required in the throwing movements performed in each sport and should be considered when assessing these populations.
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Gheller RG, Garcias L, Sakugawa RL, Nascimento WMD, Costa RMD, Detanico D, Rossato M. Can the history of injury influence shoulder isokinetic torque parameters in volleyball players? Sports Biomech 2021:1-11. [PMID: 34402404 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1966494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare shoulder internal rotator and external rotator isokinetic parameters in concentric and eccentric contractions between volleyball players with and without a history of shoulder injury. Thirty male volleyball players participated of this study, divided into two groups: with a history of injury (WHI) in the dominant shoulder (11 athletes; age: 19.4 ± 3.6 years) and no history of injury (NHI) (19 athletes; age: 18.3 ± 2.9 years). The peak torque (PT) and concentric (Con) and eccentric (Ecc) PT angles in internal (IR) and external rotation (ER) at velocities of 60 and 180°/s were measured. The conventional (Con_ER:Con_IR), functional spiking (Ecc_ER:Con_IR), and cocking ratios (Ecc_IR:Con_ER) were calculated. No significant differences were found between groups for PT and PT angle, or for conventional, functional spiking, and cocking ratios. However, the spiking ratio was considered low (0.87) in the WHI group. Moreover, for the spiking ratio in the WHI group, PT at 60°/s occurred at different angles. We conclude that previous injury in shoulder did not affect the peak torque, as well as conventional, spiking or cocking ratio. However, the PT angles at 60°/s used to calculate the spiking ratio shifted due the prior injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ghedini Gheller
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Center of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Leandro Garcias
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Center of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Raphael Luiz Sakugawa
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Center of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Martins Da Costa
- Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Daniele Detanico
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Center of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Mateus Rossato
- Human Performance Laboratory, Physical Education and Physiotherapy Faculty, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
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Croteau F, Paradelo D, Pearsall D, Robbins S. Risk Factors for Shoulder Injuries in Water Polo: a Cohort Study. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2021; 16:1135-1144. [PMID: 34386291 PMCID: PMC8329310 DOI: 10.26603/001c.25432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very limited investigations have been conducted exploring risk factors for injury in water polo players. A gap remains in the literature regarding identification of variables that should be considered as part of player screening evaluations. PURPOSE To estimate whether previous injury, changes in strength, range of motion (ROM) or upward scapular rotation (UR) are related to shoulder injuries in water polo players. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive cohort study. METHODS Thirty-nine international-level players participated (19 males). Shoulder internal (IR) and external rotation (ER) peak torque was measured using an isokinetic device (CONtrex MJ). Shoulder ROM was measured passively using standard goniometry. Scapular UR was measured using a laser digital inclinometer. At baseline players were divided into groups: those with and without previous shoulder injuries. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the study variables between groups. After nine months, a second analysis compared the same athletes, who were then grouped by those who had or had not sustained new injuries. Effect sizes were calculated with a Hedge's g. Chi squared analysis compared proportion of injured players with and without previous injury. RESULTS Eighteen participants (46%) had previous injuries at baseline. Players with a previous injury showed higher peak torques for IR (0.62±0.15 vs 0.54±0.13N/kg, p=0.04, g=0.60); larger loss of IR ROM (9.9±9.1 vs 4.1±7.5°, p=0.04, g=0.68), but no statistical difference in UR (p=0.70). After nine months, there were no statistical strength differences between groups. Loss of IR ROM was significantly higher in the injured group (9.8±9.8 vs 4.0±6.7°, p=0.04, g=0.68), as well as UR (13.0±3.0 vs 10.4±3.3°, p=0.01, g=0.81). History of previous injury was significantly related to developing a new injury (OR 6.5, p=0.02). Logistic regression found previous injury and UR most important contributors to injury risk. CONCLUSIONS Previous injury, changes in IR ROM and UR are related to new shoulder injuries in water polo, but further variables such as rest, training load, or psychosocial factors may explain the incidence of new injuries. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Croteau
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institut National du Sport du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Shawn Robbins
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation, Layton-Lethbridge-MacKay Rehabilitation Centre
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Vargas VZ, Motta C, Vancini RL, Barbosa de Lira CA, Andrade MS. Shoulder Isokinetic Strength Balance Ratio in Overhead Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2021; 16:827-834. [PMID: 34123534 PMCID: PMC8169013 DOI: 10.26603/001c.22162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have grouped different overhead sports and evaluated together the isokinetic strength of shoulder internal (IR) and external (ER) rotator muscles. However, muscular adaptations could be a consequence of the specific sport, and some strength imbalance between these muscles may exist as a consequence of the muscular demand unique to the sport. Therefore, grouping different overhead sports together may not be adequate. PURPOSE To compare strength balance ratios between different overhead sports (volleyball, handball, swimming, judo, baseball, softball, functional movements performed at high-intensity interval training, and tennis) with a control athletic group (no overhead group). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS A total of 237 athletes were submitted to isokinetic shoulder strength tests. The isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torque values of shoulder internal IR and external ER rotator muscles were measured. Conventional (CR) and functional strength ratios (FR) were calculated. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the sports for the CR in the male group. Female softball athletes (90.4±13.6%) had a significantly higher CR than judo (67.3±6.9%), volleyball (74.9±15.9%), and swimming athletes (70.3±8.7%). In the female group, judo athletes had lower FR values (0.76±0.19) than soccer athletes (1.31±0.35), volleyball athletes (1.24±0.27), functional movements performed at high intensity (1.10±0.1), and softball athletes (1.40±0.39). Female handball athletes also had a lower FR (0.99±0.25) than soccer athletes (1.31±0.35) and softball athletes (1.40±0.39). Male handball (0.90±0.23), tennis (0.86±0.30), and judo (0.68±0.22) athletes had lower FR values than soccer athletes (1.20±0.21) and volleyball athletes (1.25±0.28). CONCLUSIONS CR for males may be analyzed together, as there were no significant differences between them. However, for females, the CR for softball athletes should be analyzed individually. As there were several differences between the overhead sports according to the FRs, the authors suggest caution in grouping overhead athletes across multiple sports. These results could have important implications for the design of injury prevention and rehabilitation programs associated with the shoulder joint in overhead sports. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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Couto AGDA, Fayão JG, Serenza FDS, Oliveira ASD. Predictors associated with a range of motion of shoulder rotation in competitive high school water polo players: a cross-sectional study. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574202000040056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Core stability, shoulder peak torque and function in throwing athletes with and without shoulder pain. Phys Ther Sport 2018; 34:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Shoulder Dynamic Control Ratio and Rotation Range of Motion in Female Junior Elite Handball Players and Controls. Clin J Sport Med 2018; 28:153-158. [PMID: 28452832 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare glenohumeral range of motion and shoulder rotator muscle strength in healthy female junior elite handball players and controls. DESIGN Cross-sectional case-control study. SETTING Sports medical center. PARTICIPANTS Forty elite female handball players and 30 controls active in nonoverhead sports participated in this study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Passive external rotator (ER), internal rotator (IR), and total range of motion (TROM) of the dominant and nondominant arm were examined with a goniometer. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to evaluate concentric and eccentric rotator muscle strength at 60 and 120 degrees/s with dynamic control ratio (DCR = ERecc:IRcon) as the main outcome parameter. RESULTS Except for the ER range of motion in the nondominant arm, no significant differences were found between groups for IR, ER of the dominant arm, and the TROM. Within the handball group, the side-to-side difference for IR of the dominant arm was -1.4 degrees. The ER and the TROM of the dominant arm were significantly larger, 6.3 and 4.9 degrees, respectively. For both groups, the DCR values were above 1 and no significant differences were found between the dominant and nondominant arm. The DCR values in the handball group were significantly lower than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Based on the adopted definitions for muscle imbalance, glenohumeral internal range of motion deficit and TROM deficit our elite female handball players seem not at risk for shoulder injuries. Prospective studies are needed to support the belief that a DCR below 1 places the shoulder at risk for injury.
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McDonald AC, Savoie SM, Mulla DM, Keir PJ. Dynamic and static shoulder strength relationship and predictive model. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2018; 67:162-169. [PMID: 29122187 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Static strength is typically used to standardize occupational tasks in an effort to limit over-exertion injuries; however, workplace tasks are commonly dynamic in nature. The purpose of this investigation was to assess factors influencing isokinetic shoulder strength and to develop predictive equations for isokinetic shoulder flexion and extension strength using isometric strength. Fifteen women performed a set of concentric isokinetic and isometric shoulder flexion and extension maximal exertions across a series of movement planes, angular velocities, and grip types. Data were used to generate two stepwise multiple regression models for predicting isokinetic shoulder flexion and exertion strength across the various exertion parameters. The final regression models explained a high degree of variance in predicting isokinetic shoulder flexion (R2 = 0.59) and extension (R2 = 0.67) with a subset of four and five inputs, respectively. The predictive equations can help establish acceptable force limits for workplace tasks requiring dynamic actions using more easily attainable static forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C McDonald
- Occupational Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Spencer M Savoie
- Occupational Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Daanish M Mulla
- Occupational Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Peter J Keir
- Occupational Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
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Castro MPD, Fonseca P, Morais ST, Borgonovo-Santos M, Coelho EFC, Ribeiro DC, Vilas-Boas JP. Functional shoulder ratios with high velocities of shoulder internal rotation are most sensitive to determine shoulder rotation torque imbalance: a cross-sectional study with elite handball players and controls. Sports Biomech 2017; 18:39-50. [DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2017.1380222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Peduzzi de Castro
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Sports, Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Neuromusculoskeletal Assessment and Clinical Biomechanics Laboratory—LaBClin, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | | | - Márcio Borgonovo-Santos
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Sports, Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Filipe Cruz Coelho
- Faculty of Sports, Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Medical Department, Porto Futbol Club, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Cury Ribeiro
- Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - João Paulo Vilas-Boas
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Sports, Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Berckmans K, Maenhout AG, Matthijs L, Pieters L, Castelein B, Cools AM. The isokinetic rotator cuff strength ratios in overhead athletes: Assessment and exercise effect. Phys Ther Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wilson LM, Greig M. The efficacy of functional supports in mediating the effects of exercise on shoulder joint position sense. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-160655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Watts AR, Williams B, Kim SW, Bramwell DC, Krishnan J. Shoulder impingement syndrome: a systematic review of clinical trial participant selection criteria. Shoulder Elbow 2017; 9:31-41. [PMID: 28572848 PMCID: PMC5441616 DOI: 10.1177/1758573216663201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is a common diagnosis for patients with pain and dysfunction of the shoulder. Variations in the signs and symptoms might lead to uncertainty regarding the definition of SIS. The aim of this review is to explore the participant selection criteria used in the literature when investigating SIS and to assess differences in criteria among treating professions. METHODS This is a PRISMA systematic review of publications from 2009 to 2014 from MEDLINE, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus and CINAHL. RESULTS Ninety-seven articles met inclusion criteria for this review. Twenty-five different surgical and nonsurgical treatments were investigated. Impingement-specific index tests were used in all studies. Exclusion index tests were used in 62% of studies. Twenty index tests were identified. Radiological investigations were reported in 53% of all studies, of which a further 53% reported using two or more radiological investigations. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review has illustrated that studies investigating SIS test for various signs and symptoms, which is in keeping with describing the condition as a 'syndrome'. However, there are inconsistencies in participant selection criteria between health disciplines, highlighting a need for harmonization of the selection criteria in the form of an international editorial consensus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R. Watts
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- International Musculoskeletal Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ben Williams
- Department of Orthopaedics, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Susan W. Kim
- Flinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Donald C. Bramwell
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- International Musculoskeletal Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jeganath Krishnan
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- International Musculoskeletal Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
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Zanca GG, Grüninger B, Mattiello SM. Effects of Kinesio taping on scapular kinematics of overhead athletes following muscle fatigue. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2016; 29:113-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Quantitative analysis of peak torque and power-velocity characteristics of shoulder rotator muscles after arthroscopic labral repair. J Sci Med Sport 2016; 19:805-9. [PMID: 26803415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to use biomechanical testing to assess differences in the power and strength of patients who participated in a short-term, home-based rehabilitation program following arthroscopic labral repair compared with a healthy control group. DESIGN The functional outcomes of patients who underwent arthroscopic labral repair followed by self-directed short-term rehabilitation at home were compared with age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls. METHODS Group I included 20 male patients who had undergone arthroscopic labral repair after being diagnosed with recurrent anterior glenohumeral joint instability without bony lesions of the humeral head or glenoid. Postoperatively, they participated in physical therapy for 17±4 appointments, followed by self-guided home-based exercises. Group II included 25 males without injuries. The two groups were matched for age and BMI. The orthopaedic examination, functional tests, and biomechanical measurements were performed under isokinetic conditions at an average of 16±3 months postoperatively. RESULTS Significant differences were observed in range of shoulder rotation on the operative shoulder compared with the unaffected side and in the dominant arms of the control group. The patients were also found to have significant deficits in biomechanical parameters such as power and peak torque angle. CONCLUSIONS Significant deficits in peak torque, power, and peak torque angle during external and internal shoulder rotation remained up to 16 months after arthroscopic labral repair. Further research is needed to understand the changes in shoulder power assessment after labral repair.
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Cha JY, Kim JH, Hong J, Choi YT, Kim MH, Cho JH, Ko IG, Jee YS. A 12-week rehabilitation program improves body composition, pain sensation, and internal/external torques of baseball pitchers with shoulder impingement symptom. J Exerc Rehabil 2014; 10:35-44. [PMID: 24678503 PMCID: PMC3952834 DOI: 10.12965/jer.140087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week rehabilitation program on body composition, shoulder pain, and isokinetic internal/external torques of pitchers with impingement syndrome. A total of 30 pitchers were divided into 2 groups: experimental group (EG, n = 16) and control group (CG, n= 14). The rehabilitation program consisted of physical therapy, warm-up, work-out, and cool-down. As results, body weight and fat mass of EG were decreased whereas muscle mass of EG was significantly increased after the experiment. The pain degrees in resting, normal daily activity, and strenuous activity on the numeric pain rating scale were significantly decreased in the EG. The internal and external peak torques (PTs) of uninvolved and involved sides of EG were increased in EG after 12 weeks. Such results provide a deficit ratio of both sides in EG close to normal values. The ratios of internal/external PTs in EG were also close to the reference values. The internal and external total works of both sides in EG were similar to the values of PT. The fatigue indices of internal and external rotators of both sides in EG were decreased. As a conclusion, a 12-week rehabilitation program reduced the shoulder pain, improved the body composition and enhanced the isokinetic shoulder internal/external rotators in EG with impingement symptoms. Also the study suggested that the rehabilitation program evened out the ratio between internal and external rotators and lowered the fatigue level after the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Youl Cha
- Division of Martial Arts·Guard, Howon University, Gunsan, Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Kim
- Department of Exercise Physiology·Prescription, Graduate School of Health Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea
| | - Ju Hong
- Department of Exercise Physiology·Prescription, Graduate School of Health Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea
| | - Young-Tae Choi
- Department of Exercise Physiology·Prescription, Graduate School of Health Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Department of Exercise Physiology·Prescription, Graduate School of Health Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Cho
- Department of Exercise Physiology·Prescription, Graduate School of Health Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea
| | - Il-Gyu Ko
- Department of Exercise Physiology·Prescription, Graduate School of Health Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Jee
- Department of Exercise Physiology·Prescription, Graduate School of Health Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea
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Zanca GG, Saccol MF, Oliveira AB, Mattiello SM. Shoulder internal and external rotations torque steadiness in overhead athletes with and without impingement symptoms. J Sci Med Sport 2012; 16:433-7. [PMID: 23088897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate torque steadiness of shoulder internal and external rotations in regularly training overhead athletes with and without impingement symptoms. DESIGN Cross-sectional laboratory study. METHODS Three groups were evaluated: athletes with impingement symptoms (n=21), asymptomatic athletes (n=25) and non-athletes (n=21). To assess torque steadiness, the participants performed 3 submaximal contractions (35% of peak torque) for 10s each, with the arm at 90° of shoulder abduction and 90° of external rotation. The standard deviation, coefficient of variation, mean exerted torque and time to stability were measured from the steadiness trials. RESULTS The standard deviation of internal rotation was higher in asymptomatic athletes than in non-athletes (p<0.01); however, there was no difference between the athletes with impingement symptoms and the other groups. The other variables presented no differences among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Higher torque fluctuation of shoulder internal rotation in asymptomatic athletes may point to neuromuscular adaptations related to throwing training. However, the steadiness patterns of athletes with impingement symptoms did not differ from those of asymptomatic athletes or non-athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele G Zanca
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, Postal Code: 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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