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Moreira H, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin C. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised in Portuguese postpartum women. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024; 42:715-730. [PMID: 36786643 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2023.2176473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a Portuguese-language version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) for clinical and research use in Portugal (PT-BSS-R). The factor structure, its invariance across depression levels, and the internal consistency of the PT-BSS-R were analysed. METHOD A sample of 1373 Portuguese-speaking postpartum women completed a sociodemographic and clinical form, the PT-BSS-R, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale through an online survey tool. Four competing models were tested through confirmatory factor analyses and bifactor model-based psychometric indices were calculated. The internal consistency and the divergent/convergent validity are analysed. RESULTS The psychometric properties of PT-BSS-R were found to be generally excellent. Both the original correlated three-factor model and the bifactor model exhibited a good fit to the data. Results from the bifactor model support the use of both the BSS-R total score and the subscale scores. Exemplary invariance findings were observed between groups stratified on the basis of depression screening. PT-BSS-R has demonstrated both divergent and convergent validity as well as internal consistency. CONCLUSION PT-BSS-R is a psychometrically robust measure of birth satisfaction appropriate for clinical and research use in Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Moreira
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Colin Martin
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, UK
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Abrán H, Kovács K, Horvát Z, Erőss E, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Translation and validation of the Hungarian version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). Midwifery 2024; 132:103983. [PMID: 38581970 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2024.103983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence relating maternal birth experience to a range of maternal and neonatal outcomes is increasingly compelling. Consequently valid and reliable self-report of birth experience from the mothers perspective is critical. AIM The current study sought to translate and validate a Hungarian-language version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). METHOD Following forward and backwards translation into Hungarian, the Hungarian BSS-R (HU-BSS-R) was administered to women in a major Transylvanian hospital maternity unit within 72 h postpartum. Key psychometric characteristics were then examined in relation to factor structure, divergent and convergent validity, internal consistency, and known-groups discriminant validity. RESULTS Two-hundred and thirty-two women completed the HU-BSS-R. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed the HU-BSS-R to offer an excellent fit to data for the established tri-dimensional measurement model. The HU-BSS-R was also found to offer excellent convergent and divergent validity and known-groups discriminant validity. No significant differences were observed between internal consistency observations between the current study and the original UK validation study. CONCLUSIONS The HU-BSS-R is a valid and reliable translation of the original BSS-R, it has proved itself to have excellent psychometric properties and is suitable for use in the Hungarian maternity context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunor Abrán
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7621, Hungary; Odorheiu Secuiesc Municipal Hospital, Odorheiu Secuiesc, Romania.
| | - Kálmán Kovács
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Zalán Horvát
- Doctoral School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Edina Erőss
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7621, Hungary
| | - Caroline J Hollins Martin
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University (ENU), Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH11 4BN, UK
| | - Colin R Martin
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, UK
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MacVicar S, Jordan A, Vu H, Tran HN, Greig Y, Thi Tuyet Nguyen H, Norris G, Martin CR, Hollins Martin CJ. Translation and validation of Vietnamese version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38591499 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2024.2338176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 10-item Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) is a quick and easy survey instrument recommended by the International Consortium for Health Outcome Measures as the tool of choice for measuring women's birth satisfaction. AIM To translate and validate a Vietnamese-language version of the BSS-R. METHOD A quantitative cross-sectional method was used to gather data post translation and back-translation of a Vietnamese version of the BSS-R (VN-BSS-R). Data collected were psychometrically evaluated using key indices of validity and reliability. PARTICIPANTS Vietnamese women who were within one month postpartum of birth (N = 383) took part in the study. RESULTS Findings illustrate that a two-factor model offered excellent psychometric properties. With the two-factor VN-BSS-R, five items loaded onto a subscale 'Positive birth experiences' and the other five onto a second subscale 'Negative birth experiences'. This two-factor model offered a fit to data (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.07, 90% confidence interval [CI] [0.05, 0.09], root square mean residual [RMSE] = 0.04 and comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.97). Mean scores for the exploratory factor analysis [EFA]-derived 'positive' and 'negative' sub-scales were 17.12 (SD 2.34) and 8.40 (SD 4.18) respectively. CONCLUSION The translated and validated VN-BSS-R is a psychometrically robust tool for measuring birth satisfaction in Vietnamese postpartum women.The VN-BSS-R is available for use to measure experiences and perceptions of intrapartum care received by Vietnamese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya MacVicar
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Hien Vu
- Head of Social Work department, Phu San Hanoi Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hai Ngoc Tran
- Specialist medicine, Tu Du hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Yvonne Greig
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Gail Norris
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin R Martin
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Suffolk, UK
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Flanagan C, Troup LJ. Psychological flexibility, birth satisfaction and postnatal trauma symptoms in women with abnormally invasive placenta. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024; 42:269-280. [PMID: 35829690 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2022.2100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormally Invasive Placenta is an obstetric condition resulting in significant physical complications and shown to increase the likelihood of developing Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Dissatisfaction with the care experienced increases the likelihood of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Psychological flexibility has been shown to reduce the severity of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, but there is no research regarding either of these in women with Abnormally Invasive Placenta. AIM To investigate if there is a relationship between trauma experience in women with a diagnosis of Abnormally Invasive Placenta, psychological flexibility, and birth satisfaction. METHOD Using a retrospective questionnaire, 126 participants age range 18-45, comprising the Birth Satisfaction Scale Revised Indicator (BSS-RI), Impact of Events Scale Revised (IES-R) and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-2) was completed. A hierarchical regression assessed the predictive relationship of Psychological Flexibility and Birth Satisfaction on Trauma symptoms. RESULTS The relationship between Birth Satisfaction measured using the BSS-RI and likelihood of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (IES-R) was not supported (r (124) = -.08, p = .36). Results did show that Psychological Flexibility (AAQ-2) correlated with Trauma Score (IES-R) (r (124) = .68, p < .001) in women who had experienced Abnormally Invasive Placenta and explained 45.3% of the variance. CONCLUSION The results suggest that Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in those with Abnormally Invasive Placenta is as high as 1 in 2 and can be mediated by psychological flexibility. In turn, this suggests that interventions to increase Psychological Flexibility in those with the diagnosis may reduce trauma symptom severity.Abbreviations: AAQ-2 - Acceptance and Action QuestionnaireAIP - Abnormally Invasive PlacentaBAME - Black Asian or other Minority EthnicitiesBSS-RI Birth Satisfaction Scale Revised IndicatorEPH - EPH Gestosis (Pre eclampsia/Eclampsia)DSM - Diagnostic Statical ManualIES-R - Impact of Events Scale RevisedPAS - Placenta Accreta SpectrumPTSD - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Flanagan
- Division of Psychology, School of Education and Social Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland UK
| | - Lucy J Troup
- Division of Psychology, School of Education and Social Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland UK
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D’Sa JL, Jahlan IO, Alsatari ES, Zamzam S, Martin CR. Psychometric properties of a Saudi Arabian version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). BELITUNG NURSING JOURNAL 2024; 10:105-113. [PMID: 38425689 PMCID: PMC10900059 DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal outcomes are closely associated with birth satisfaction, and the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R), a concise, multidimensional self-report measure, has undergone translation and validation internationally. However, research on birth satisfaction in Saudi Arabia is scarce. The absence of valid Arabic-language tools for the Saudi population may impede critical research on this topic, necessitating the translation and use of psychometrically sound instruments for measuring birth satisfaction in Saudi women. Objective This study aimed to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Saudi Arabian version of the BSS-R (SA-BSS-R). Methods A total of 218 Saudi women participated in the study, and psychometric analysis of the translated SA-BSS-R involved confirmatory factor analysis, divergent validity analysis, and known-group discriminant validity assessment within a cross-sectional study design. Results The three-factor BSS-R measurement model displayed poor fit, and internal consistency fell below the threshold value. Additionally, it was observed that women undergoing an episiotomy had significantly lower overall SA-BSS-R scores. Conclusion The SA-BSS-R manifested atypical measurement properties in this population. Despite insightful observations related to episiotomy, the identified measurement shortcomings highlight the need for a more robust and culturally sensitive translation to enhance measurement characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Linnette D’Sa
- Maternal and Child Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtesam Omar Jahlan
- Maternal and Child Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman S. Alsatari
- School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
| | - Sahar Zamzam
- Maternal and Child Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Colin R. Martin
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, Neptune Quay, IP4 1QJ, United Kingdom
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Ratislavová K, Hendrych Lorenzová E, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Translation and validation of the Czech Republic version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024; 42:78-94. [PMID: 35532313 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2022.2067837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Satisfaction with the birth experience has been established to be critical for the wellbeing of the mother. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) is a brief and psychometrically robust multi-dimensional self-report tool designed to assess birth experience. The current investigation sought to translate and validate a Czech Republic version of the BSS-R (CZ-BSS-R). METHODS Following translation psychometric assessment of the CZ-BSS-R was undertaken using a cross-sectional design. A between-subjects design was incorporated in order to evaluate known-groups validity evaluation of the translated measure. Four hundred and sixty-five Czech-speaking women within the Czech Republic took part in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis was undertaken and divergent and convergent validity and internal consistency characteristics also evaluated. RESULTS The CZ-BSS-R was observed to have excellent psychometric properties and conceptually and measurement faithful to the original English-language measure. Consistent with previous investigations using the BSS-R significant differences were found in scores as a function of delivery type. CONCLUSIONS The CZ-BSS-R is a valid, robust and reliable measure of birth experience and suitable for use with Czech-speaking women in the Czech Republic. The study highlighted that instrument and emergency Caesarean section were associated with a lower level of birth satisfaction compared to vaginal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Ratislavová
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Care Studies, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Hendrych Lorenzová
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Care Studies, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | - Colin R Martin
- Clinical Psychobiology and Applied Psychoneuroimmunology, Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, UK
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Grundström H, Martin CJH, Malmquist A, Nieminen K, Martin CR. Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). Midwifery 2023; 124:103745. [PMID: 37269677 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimizing women's childbirth experience is essential for development of quality mother infant relationships. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) can be used to measure birth satisfaction. AIM The current investigation sought to translate and validate a Swedish version of the BSS-R. METHOD Following translation, a comprehensive psychometric validation of the Swedish-BSS-R (SW-BSS-R) was carried out using a multi-model, cross-sectional, between- and within-subjects design. PARTICIPANTS A total of 619 Swedish-speaking women participated, from which 591 completed SW-BSS-R and were eligible for analysis. DATA ANALYSIS Discriminant, convergent, divergent and predictive validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and factor structure were evaluated. RESULTS The SW-BSS-R was found to have excellent psychometric properties and hence is a valid translation of the original UK(English)-BSS-R. Important insights into relationships between mode of birth, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and postnatal depression (PND) were observed. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The SW-BSS-R is a psychometrically valid translation of the original BSS-R and is suitable for use in a Swedish-speaking population of women. The study has also highlighted important dynamics between birth satisfaction and areas of significant clinical concern (i.e., mode of birth, PTSD and PND) in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Grundström
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Norrköping, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | | | - Anna Malmquist
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Katri Nieminen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Norrköping, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Colin R Martin
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, UK
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Corbaz F, Boussac E, Lepigeon K, Gomes Dias D, Marcadent S, Desseauve D, Horsch A. 'connEcted caesarean section': creating a virtual link between MOthers and their infanTs to ImprOve maternal childbirth experieNce - study protocol for a PILOT trial (e-motion-pilot). BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065830. [PMID: 37286319 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One-third of mothers rate their childbirth as traumatic. The prevalence of childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD) is 4.7%. Skin-to-skin contact is a protective factor against CB-PTSD. However, during a caesarean section (CS), skin-to-skin contact is not always feasible and mothers and infants are often separated. In those cases, there is no validated and available solution to substitute this unique protective factor. Based on the results of studies using virtual reality and head-mounted displays (HMDs) and studies on childbirth experience, we hypothesise that enabling the mother to have a visual and auditory contact with her baby could improve her childbirth experience while she and her baby are separated. To facilitate this connection, we will use a two-dimensional 360° camera filming the baby linked securely to an HMD that the mother can wear during the end of the surgery. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study protocol describes a monocentric open-label controlled pilot trial with minimal risk testing the effects of a visual and auditory contact via an HMD worn by the mother airing a live video of her newborn compared with treatment-as-usual in 70 women after CS. The first 35 consecutive participants will be the control group and will receive the standard care. The next 35 consecutive participants will have the intervention. The primary outcome will be differences in maternal childbirth experience (Childbirth Experience Questionnaire 2) at 1-week postpartum between the intervention and control groups. Secondary outcomes will be CB-PTSD symptoms, birth satisfaction, mother-infant bonding, perceived pain and stress during childbirth, maternal anxiety and depression symptoms, anaesthesiological data and acceptability of the procedure. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was granted by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Canton de Vaud (study number 2022-00215). Dissemination of results will occur via national and international conferences, peer-reviewed journals, public conferences and social media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05319665.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Corbaz
- Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Boussac
- Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karine Lepigeon
- Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diana Gomes Dias
- Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - David Desseauve
- Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antje Horsch
- Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Emmens B, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Translation and validation of the Dutch version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). J Reprod Infant Psychol 2023; 41:213-227. [PMID: 34792408 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2021.1979200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent observations suggest birth satisfaction may be significantly associated with postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD). The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) is increasingly used Internationally as a short, valid and reliable multi-dimensional measure of birth experience. The current study sought to develop a Dutch version of the BSS-R (D-BSS-R) for clinical and research application in the Netherlands. METHODS Post-translation, a cross-sectional design with an embedded between-subjects component was used to evaluate key indices of validity and reliability of the D-BSS-R in a purposive sampled cohort of 244 Dutch-speaking women in the Netherlands. Confirmatory factor analysis, divergent, convergent and known-groups discriminant validity were evaluated as was the internal consistency of the measure. RESULTS The D-BSS-R was found to be a generally valid and reliable measure of birth experience with the key measurement characteristics of the original English-language measure transferring well to the Dutch context. Statistically significant negative correlations were observed between all D-BSS-R sub-scales and a validated measure of PTSD. CONCLUSIONS The D-BSS-R represents a valid and reliable measure of birth experience suitable and appropriate for use in the Netherlands. The study corroborates previous suggestions of linkage between birth satisfaction and PP-PTSD using a robust and diagnostically valid measure of trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berbel Emmens
- Independent Researcher, Counselor, MSc Applied Psychology
| | - Caroline J Hollins Martin
- Maternal Health, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Care Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland, UK
| | - Colin R Martin
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, UK
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Further validation of the birth satisfaction scale-revised: Factor structure, validity, and reliability. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Kazal HR, Flanagan PJ, Mello MJ, Monteiro K, Goldman RE. Birth Stories, Support, and Perinatal Emotional Health among Minority Adolescent Mothers: A Mixed Methods Study. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2021; 34:847-856. [PMID: 34023524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To explore minority, adolescent birth and perinatal experiences to inform and improve quality of care for this unique group. DESIGN Mixed quantitative and qualitative study guided by Bourdieu's Social Fields framework. SETTING Clinic dedicated to parenting adolescents, and a local charter school founded to serve pregnant and parenting young adults. PARTICIPANTS Sample size for quantitative data: n = 27; qualitative data: n = 14. Average age was 16.39 years (SD = 1.29); most self-identified as Latina/Hispanic or African American/Black/Afro-Caribbean/African. INTERVENTIONS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We used 2 validated surveys: Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R), and the Postpartum Worry Scale-Revised (PWS-R). The BSS-R has 10 items, and quantifies labor and delivery experiences. The PWS-R has 20 items, and quantifies maternal, infant, and social-emotional worries. The qualitative, semistructured 30-minute interviews with a subset of survey respondents further explored perinatal mental health, labor experiences, and support networks. RESULTS BSS-R data resulted in an average score of 25.14 (SD = 5.35), which correlated to moderate satisfaction with birth experience (range, 0-40 with 0 = most negative). The PWS-R average score of 55.79 (SD = 21.06) indicated elevated postpartum worry (range, 20-100 with 20 = most worry). Qualitative interviewees worried about relationships and newborn well-being; support networks fluctuated; distinct events, pain, and fear during labor dominated birth stories. Advice for peers included: tending to social support, stress, and self-care. Nonjudgmental communication, empathy, and emotional connection were desired attributes of their health care team. Participants had anxiety related to social networks and newborn care. Although birth experiences were moderately positive, they were also described as stressful. However, participants were resourceful, insightful, and took advantage of social supports. CONCLUSION Birth experiences, patterns of stress, and support networks are uniquely identified and utilized by adolescent mothers. Being heard and feeling connected to providers empowered this group of young, minority adolescents. Participant advice could inform future educational courses, programs, and hospital innovations for perinatal adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Kazal
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
| | - Patricia J Flanagan
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Michael J Mello
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Kristina Monteiro
- Assessment and Evaluation, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Roberta E Goldman
- Department of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Mollard E, Kupzyk K. Birth Satisfaction During the Early Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2021; 47:6-12. [PMID: 34559088 PMCID: PMC8647528 DOI: 10.1097/nmc.0000000000000777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe birth satisfaction in women who gave birth in U.S. hospitals during the earliest months of the COVID-19 pandemic (March–July 2020). Study Design and Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 747 postpartum women who gave birth in the United States during the early COVID-19 pandemic was conducted. Participants in the United were recruited via social media. They completed a questionnaire that included demographic, health, and obstetric experience questions, and the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA) models, and nonparametric correlations were performed. Results: Higher birth satisfaction scores were associated with higher income, marriage, white race, vaginal birth, having a birth partner present, and sufficient support during birth. Factors negatively associated with birth satisfaction were separation from infant, unplanned cesarean birth, neonatal intensive care unit admission, hypertension, preeclampsia, hemorrhage, depression, and anxiety. Clinical Implications: Presence of birth partners, sufficient birth support, and minimizing separation of mother and infant improve birth satisfaction. Obstetric complications, including unplanned cesarean birth, negatively affect birth satisfaction. There are racial disparities in birth satisfaction. It is critical to develop further interventions to end racism in maternal health care. During the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were many restrictive changes to childbirth practices in the inpatient setting geared toward reducing viral spread and keeping patients and health care workers safe. In this study 747 women who gave birth in the United States during the first several months of the pandemic offer their perspectives on how these changes affected their childbirth experience and overall satisfaction.
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Such TL, Denny DL. Comfort and Satisfaction Among Women Who Used Different Options for Analgesia During Labor and Birth. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2021; 50:691-702. [PMID: 34384769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if comfort and satisfaction with the birth experience differed among women who used nitrous oxide (N2O), epidural analgesia, or no analgesia during labor and birth. DESIGN Nonexperimental, cross-sectional, between-subjects. SETTING Maternity care units in three U.S. Midwest hospitals from June to October 2019. PARTICIPANTS A total of 84 women with spontaneous vaginal birth at term gestation (≥37 weeks). METHODS Women were grouped according to self-selected pain management method: N2O and oxygen (50%/50% mixture) only (n = 28), epidural analgesia (may have been in combination with other analgesia options; n = 28), or no analgesia (n = 28). We collected data within 6 hours after childbirth using the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised and the researcher-modified Childbirth Comfort Questionnaire. We analyzed data for differences in comfort and satisfaction scores among the three groups of women using analysis of variance. RESULTS We found no statistically significant differences related to comfort during labor and birth among women who used N2O only, epidural analgesia, or no analgesia during labor and birth, F(2, 81) = 1.11, p = .34. We also found no statistically significant differences related to satisfaction with the birth experience among women who used N2O only, epidural analgesia, or no analgesia during labor and birth, F(2, 81) = .084, p = .92. CONCLUSION Our finding of no statistically significant differences in comfort and satisfaction with the birth experience across groups highlights the need to present comprehensive pain management options to women for labor and birth, such as N2O.
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Ferrari RB, Martin C, Hollins Martin C, de Souza FG, Clini JV, Onofre LBO, Diniz Zanetti MR. Translation of the UK-Birth-Satisfaction-Scale-Revised (BSS-R) into Brazilian (Portuguese) and description of initial measurement properties. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:6373-6379. [PMID: 34044739 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1913579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The concept of birth satisfaction embraces many factors, which include for example perceived quality of care provision, stress experienced, and personal coping strategies. A woman's birth experience has the power to affect her mental health, decisions surrounding future birth planning, and quality of relationships with her partner and family. The UK-Birth-Satisfaction-Scale-Revised (UK-BSS-R) is currently recommended as the tool of choice by the International Consortium for Health Outcome Measures (ICHOM) for measuring women's experiences of childbirth. It was therefore considered important to translate and validate this scale for use in a Brazilian context. OBJECTIVE To translate and culturally adapt the UK-BSS-R into Brazilian (Portuguese) and validate its key measurement properties. METHODS A repeated-measures survey was conducted for the purpose of examining factor structure, validity and reliability of the Brazilian (Portuguese)-BSS-R. PARTICIPANTS Data was gathered from (n = 101) Brazilian Portuguese-speaking postnatal women. RESULTS The initial measurement characteristics of the Brazilian (Portuguese)-BSS-R in terms of Intraclass Correlational Coefficient, Standard Error of Measurement and minimal detectable change were found to be excellent. CONCLUSION The Brazilian (Portuguese)-BSS-R is now considered to be a valid and reliable multidimensional psychometric instrument for measuring birth satisfaction in a Brazilian Portuguese population of postnatal women. This translation was found to be conceptually consistent with the original English-language version (UK-BSS-R) and to have an excellent initial measurement characteristics profile. The direction of future research is indicated, specifically to undertake a thorough psychometric evaluation of the Brazilian (Portuguese)-BSS-R in a larger sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Bullio Ferrari
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Colin Martin
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Caroline Hollins Martin
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | | | - Julia Vale Clini
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
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Zafar S, Tayyab F, Liaqat A, Sikander S, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Translation and Validation of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised in Urdu for Use in Pakistan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHILDBIRTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1891/ijcbirth-d-21-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDSatisfaction with the birth experience is increasingly recognized as critical to the well-being of mother and baby and thus accurate assessment of this key dimension is essential. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) has been shown to be a robust, valid, and reliable measure of birth experience. The current study sought to develop an Urdu version of the measure to be used in Pakistan.METHODSFollowing translation, a cross-sectional design was used to examine the measurement properties of the Pakistan (Urdu)-BSS-R (P-BSS-R). Participants were a purposive sample of Pakistani postnatal women (n = 200). Key psychometric properties were examined using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), internal consistency evaluation, and known-groups discriminant validity testing.RESULTSThe majority of measurement parameters for clinical application of the P-BSS-R were found to be acceptable with good known-groups discriminant validity and data fit to the tri-dimensional theoretical model of the BSS-R observed. However, some idiosyncratic observations were highlighted, including unexpected low internal consistency.CONCLUSIONSThe P-BSS-R was found to be a generally valid and reliable measure of the experience, a caveat being low internal consistency warranting further investigation.
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16
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Burduli E, Jones HE, Brooks O, Barbosa-Leiker C, Johnson RK, Roll J, McPherson SM. Development and Implementation of a Mobile Tool for High-Risk Pregnant Women to Deliver Effective Caregiving for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e27382. [PMID: 33856360 PMCID: PMC8085745 DOI: 10.2196/27382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The United States continues to experience an alarming rise in opioid use that includes women who become pregnant and related neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in newborns. Most newborns experiencing NAS require nonpharmacological care, which entails, most importantly, maternal involvement with the newborn. To facilitate positive maternal-newborn interactions, mothers need to learn effective caregiving NAS strategies when they are pregnant; however, an enormous gap exists in the early education of mothers on the symptoms and progression of NAS, partly because no education, training, or other interventions exist to prepare future mothers for the challenges of caring for their newborns at risk for NAS. Objective In this paper, we describe a mixed methods, multistage study to adapt an existing mobile NAS tool for high-risk pregnant women and assess its usability, acceptability, and feasibility in a small randomized controlled trial. Methods Stage 1 will include 20 semistructured interviews with a panel of neonatology experts, NAS care providers, and mothers with experience caring for NAS-affected newborns to gather their recommendations on the management of NAS and explore their perspectives on the care of these newborns. The findings will guide the adaptation of existing mobile NAS tools for high-risk pregnant women. In stage 2, we will test the usability, acceptability, and feasibility of the adapted mobile tool via surveys with 10 pregnant women receiving opioid agonist therapy (OAT). Finally, in stage 3, we will randomize 30 high-risk pregnant women receiving OAT to either receive the adapted mobile NAS caregiving tool or usual care. We will compare these women on primary outcomes—maternal drug relapse and OAT continuation—and secondary outcomes—maternal-newborn bonding; length of newborn hospital stays; readmission rates; breastfeeding initiation and duration; and postpartum depression and anxiety at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postpartum. Results This project was funded in July 2020 and approved by the institutional review board in April 2020. Data collection for stage 1 began in December 2020, and as of January 2021, we completed 18 semistructured interviews (10 with NAS providers and 8 with perinatal women receiving OAT). Common themes from all interviews will be analyzed in spring 2021 to inform the adaptation of the NAS caregiving tool. The results from stage 1 are expected to be published in summer 2021. Stage 2 data collection will commence in fall 2021. Conclusions The findings of this study have the potential to improve NAS care and maternal-newborn outcomes and lead to commercialized product development. If effective, our new tool will be well suited to tailoring for other high-risk perinatal women with substance use disorders. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04783558; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04783558 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/27382
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Burduli
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States.,Analytics and PsychoPharmacology Laboratory, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Hendrée E Jones
- UNC Horizons, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Olivia Brooks
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | | | | | - John Roll
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Sterling Marshall McPherson
- Analytics and PsychoPharmacology Laboratory, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States.,Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
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17
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Barbosa-Leiker C, Smith CL, Crespi EJ, Brooks O, Burduli E, Ranjo S, Carty CL, Hebert LE, Waters SF, Gartstein MA. Stressors, coping, and resources needed during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of perinatal women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:171. [PMID: 33648450 PMCID: PMC7920400 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological stress and coping experienced during pregnancy can have important effects on maternal and infant health, which can also vary by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Therefore, we assessed stressors, coping behaviors, and resources needed in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of 162 perinatal (125 pregnant and 37 postpartum) women in the United States. Methods A mixed-methods study captured quantitative responses regarding stressors and coping, along with qualitative responses to open-ended questions regarding stress and resources needed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Logistic and linear regression models were used to analyze differences between pregnant and postpartum participants, as well as differences across key demographic variables. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze open-ended questions. Results During the COVID-pandemic, food scarcity and shelter-in-place restrictions made it difficult for pregnant women to find healthy foods. Participants also reported missing prenatal appointments, though many reported using telemedicine to obtain these services. Financial issues were prevalent in our sample and participants had difficulty obtaining childcare. After controlling for demographic variables, pregnant women were less likely to engage in healthy stress-coping behaviors than postpartum women. Lastly, we were able to detect signals of increased stressors induced by the COVID-19 pandemic, and less social support, in perinatal women of racial and ethnic minority, and lower-income status. Qualitative results support our survey findings as participants expressed concerns about their baby contracting COVID-19 while in the hospital, significant others missing the delivery or key obstetric appointments, and wanting support from friends, family, and birthing classes. Financial resources, COVID-19 information and research as it relates to maternal-infant health outcomes, access to safe healthcare, and access to baby supplies (formula, diapers, etc.) emerged as the primary resources needed by participants. Conclusions To better support perinatal women’s mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers should engage in conversations regarding access to resources needed to care for newborns, refer patients to counseling services (which can be delivered online/via telephone) and virtual support groups, and consistently screen pregnant women for stressors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-021-03665-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestina Barbosa-Leiker
- College of Nursing, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA.
| | - Crystal Lederhos Smith
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Erica J Crespi
- School of Biological Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Olivia Brooks
- College of Nursing, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Ekaterina Burduli
- College of Nursing, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Samantha Ranjo
- College of Nursing, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Cara L Carty
- Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Luciana E Hebert
- Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sara F Waters
- Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, USA
| | - Maria A Gartstein
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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18
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Nasiri S, Kariman N, Ozgoli G. Psychometric properties of the Iranian version of Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 25:90. [PMID: 33273935 PMCID: PMC7698372 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_248_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: The precise measurement of childbirth satisfaction demands a reliable tool specifically designed for maternal care and birth satisfaction. It was designed to measure the degree of women's satisfaction with childbirth. The purpose of the present study was to translate and analyze the psychometric properties of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) in Iranian women. Materials and Methods: This is a methodological cross-sectional study. Five health centers in various regions of Kashan were affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. Two hundred and twelve mothers who were referred to the health centers and had childbirth during the last year were included. The face and content validity were obtained after backward–forward translation of the Iranian version of BSS-R by 12 faculty board members in midwifery and reproductive health fields. The construct validity of the tool was determined using confirmatory factor analysis on 212 women in the postpartum period. The internal consistency and reliability of the tool was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The collected data were analyzed in SPSS (version 16.0) and EQS 6.1. Results: The result of face and content validity was minor modifications in some words. Confirmatory analysis results indicated that there was an acceptable fit with a three-factor model. Cronbach's alpha was estimated for the whole tool 0.74, and the alpha of the three subscales ranged from 0.698 to 0.801. ICC for determining reliability was 0.77. Conclusion: The Iranian version of BSS-R was a reliable and valid tool for assessing the women's satisfaction with their childbirth care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Nasiri
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nourossadat Kariman
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giti Ozgoli
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Martin CR, Jefford E, Hollins Martin CJ. Crisis, What Crisis? Replicability of the Key Measurement Characteristics of the Australian Version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale—Revised. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHILDBIRTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1891/ijcbirth-d-20-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDBehavioral and medical science is currently in the grip of a “replication crisis,” circumscribed by the failure to replicate a large proportion of key studies and a consequential impact on confidence in the veracity of the scientific method. Given the contemporary nature of the debate it is surprising that the psychometric properties of commonly used outcome measures have not been evaluated in this context, despite the obvious potential for the measurement characteristics of the measures themselves to be a source of error within a study.The current investigation sought to replicate the original validation study of the Australian version of the 10-item Birth Satisfaction Scale—Revised (A-BSS-R) with respect to key psychometric aspects and the issues of replicability.METHODSA replication study of all quantitative aspects of Jefford et al. (2018) with an increased sample size. Participants were a purposive sample of Australian postnatal women (n = 445).RESULTSMost key quantitative aspects of the original validation study were found to be replicable and consistent with Jefford et al. (2018), the A-BSS-R was found to have excellent psychometric properties fundamentally mirroring the measurement characteristics observed previously. However, a small number of instances of nonreplicability were found.CONCLUSIONSThe A-BSS-R is a valid and reliable measure of birth satisfaction. Replicability, at least in part, is influenced by participant group characteristics, statistical power and sample size. More focus is required on the influence of self-report measures themselves on the germane aspects of successful study replication.
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20
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Nespoli A, Colciago E, Fumagalli S, Locatelli A, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Validation and factor structure of the Italian version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). J Reprod Infant Psychol 2020; 39:516-531. [PMID: 33084372 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2020.1836333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the Italian-language version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) and report key measurement properties of the tool. To evaluate the impact of antenatal class attendance on BSS-R assessed birth satisfaction. BACKGROUND Maternal satisfaction is one of the standards of care defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to improve the quality of services. The BSS-R is a multi-dimensional self-report measure of the experience of labour and birth. METHODS Cross-sectional instrument evaluation design examining factor structure and key aspects of validity and reliability. Embedded between-subjects design to examine known-group discriminant validity and the impact of antenatal class attendance on BSS-R sub-scale and total scores as dependent variables. After giving birth, 297 women provided data for analysis. RESULTS The Italian version of the BSS-R (I-BSS-R) was the key study measure. The established three-factor and bi-factor models of the BSS-R were found to offer an excellent fit to the data. Comparison of the tri-dimensional measurement model and the bi-factor model of the BSS-R found no significant differences between models. Women who attended antenatal classes had significantly lower stress experienced during childbearing sub-scale scores (I-BSS-R SE), compared to those who did not. Good convergent, divergent validity and known-groups discriminant validity were established for the I-BSS-R. Internal consistency observations were found to be sub-optimal in this population. CONCLUSIONS On all key psychometric indices, with the exception of internal consistency that requires further investigation, the I-BSS-R was found to be a valid translation of the original BSS-R. The impact of antenatal classes on birth satisfaction warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Nespoli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Colciago
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Simona Fumagalli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Anna Locatelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Unit of Mother and Child, ASST Vimercate
| | | | - Colin R Martin
- Institute of Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, UK
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21
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Mortazavi F, Mehrabadi M, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Psychometric properties of the birth satisfaction scale-revised (BSS-R) in a sample of postpartum Iranian women. Health Care Women Int 2020; 42:836-851. [PMID: 32804591 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2020.1802464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Childbirth satisfaction may positively affect maternal intention to have a future pregnancy and preference to have a cesarean. We translate the UK-Birth-Satisfaction-Scale-Revised (UK-BSS-R) into Persian and validate an Iranian-BSS-R for future use in this population. In total, 784 mothers who were hospitalized in postpartum wards completed the Persian version of the BSS-R. The confirmatory factor analysis on 10-items scale confirmed the conventional three-factor structure. The Cronbach's alpha of the Iranian-BSS-R subscales and the total score were within the range of 0.53-0.76. Our findings provide further evidence that the BSS-R is an internationally reliable and valid instrument to measure birth satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Mortazavi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Maryam Mehrabadi
- Health Chancellery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | | | - Colin R Martin
- Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR) , University of Hull, Hull, UK
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22
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Alfaro Blazquez R, Ferrer Ferrandiz E, Gea Caballero V, Corchon S, Juarez-Vela R. Women's satisfaction with maternity care during preterm birth. Birth 2019; 46:670-677. [PMID: 31531890 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women's satisfaction with maternity care is strongly influenced by their sociodemographic characteristics, values, and attitudes. The arrival of a preterm baby is often a traumatic time, with unique factors involved. The Spanish Preterm Birth Experience and Satisfaction Scale (P-BESS) is a robust instrument capable of assessing women's satisfaction during preterm birth. The purpose of this study was to assess women's satisfaction with maternity care during labor and birth with preterm babies in a Spanish-speaking population. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. Participants were 182 women who gave birth within 37 weeks' gestation. Factors associated with satisfaction were studied through univariate and bivariate analyses and through multiple linear regression using the backward elimination method. RESULTS Women reported high satisfaction with maternity care overall (average score of 84 out of 95). Women with a university education were generally less satisfied. Women were more satisfied if they were pregnant for the first time. Women who reported a previous premature birth or neonatal death were more satisfied, and women who had prior miscarriages were less satisfied compared with women without these experiences. CONCLUSIONS The analysis confirmed that the majority of women surveyed were very satisfied with their childbirth experience. The Spanish P-BESS can be a useful way of prioritizing intervention measures, focusing on those aspects lowest scored by women, such as "information and explanations" and "confidence in staff," to improve maternity services for families experiencing preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Alfaro Blazquez
- Department of Obstetrics, University and Polytechnic Hospital "La Fe", Valencia, Spain.,School of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Esperanza Ferrer Ferrandiz
- Nursing School "La Fe", University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Nursing Research Group in Art and Science of Care (GREIACC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Gea Caballero
- Nursing School "La Fe", University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Nursing Research Group in Art and Science of Care (GREIACC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Corchon
- School of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Škodová Z, Nepelová Z, Grendár M, Bašková M. Psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale (BSS) and Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). Midwifery 2019; 79:102550. [PMID: 31610363 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2019.102550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is focused on assessing psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the 30-item Birth Satisfaction Scale (BSS) and revised 10-item BSS-R. STUDY DESIGN Quantitative cross-sectional study design was used, with the primary goal of examining factor structure, internal consistency, and both divergent and known-groups validity of the Slovak version of BSS and BSS-R. SETTING Four public hospital sites in central Slovakia PARTICIPANTS: A 30-item BSS questionnaire was administered to 506 women 2-4 days after birth (mean age 29.9 years, SD = 5.1). RESULTS The mean BSS score was 112 (SD 13.6, score range 30-150), and BSS-R 27.3 (SD 5.4, score range 0-40). Significantly higher birth satisfaction was found among women after physiological birth, multiparas, women with supporting person at birth, with pain relief, and with university education. Both Slovak version of BSS and BSS-R have been shown to have good reliability, as well as good divergent and known-group validity. The results of confirmatory factor revealed that three-factor model of the BSS-R offers a good fit to the Slovak data (χ2, df32) = 79.40, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.96 and RMSEA = 0.05). KEY CONCLUSIONS The Slovak version of the 10-item BSS-R has been found to have excellent psychometric properties and can be used as a valid outcome measure of birth satisfaction in Slovak hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Škodová
- Comenius University, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Department of Midwifery, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Nepelová
- Comenius University, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Department of Midwifery, Martin, Slovakia; University Hospital Martin, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marián Grendár
- Comenius University, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Bioinformatic Unit, Biomedical Center, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martina Bašková
- Comenius University, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Department of Midwifery, Martin, Slovakia.
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24
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Omani-Samani R, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR, Maroufizadeh S, Ghaheri A, Navid B. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Indicator (BSS-RI): a validation study in Iranian mothers. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 34:1827-1831. [PMID: 31390909 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1651265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Indicator (BSS-RI) is a short selfreport instrument designed to measure satisfaction of the childbearing women's experiences of labour and its outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Persian version of BSS-RI in Iranian mothers. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 396 mothers in Tehran, Iran, between July and September 2017. The mothers were administered the BSS-RI, and a demographic questionnaire. Internal consistency of the BSS-RI was examined with Cronbach's alpha, construct validity was evaluated via exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and divergent validity was examined by correlating the BSS-RI with gestational age. RESULTS The EFA results demonstrated a two-factor structure corresponding to the Stress of Childbearing and Quality of Care domains of the structure proposed by provider. The Cronbach's alpha for Stress of Childbearing and Quality of Care subscales and total BSS-RI were 0.665, 0.847, and 0.563, respectively. The mean of BSS-RI total score was 6.16 (SD = 2.60), and the Stress of Childbearing and Quality of Care subscales were 2.71 (SD = 2.39), and 3.45 (SD = 1.11), respectively. The BSS-RI showed no significant correlation with the gestational age, confirming divergent validity. CONCLUSION Like the original English version, the Persian version of the BSS-RI is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring birth satisfaction in Iranian mothers. It can also be used as short and easy to administer tool for assessment of birth satisfaction in large sample survey research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Omani-Samani
- Department of Medical Ethics and Law, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Colin R Martin
- Faculty of Society and Health, Buckinghamshire New University, Uxbridge, London, UK
| | - Saman Maroufizadeh
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ghaheri
- Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Navid
- Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Breman RB, Storr CL, Paul J, LeClair M, Johantgen M. Women's Prenatal and Labor Experiences in a Hospital With an Early-Labor Lounge. Nurs Womens Health 2019; 23:299-308. [PMID: 31251934 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the information that women with low-risk pregnancies received during the prenatal period about latent labor and the early-labor lounge (ELL) and their subsequent use of the ELL. DESIGN Cross-sectional design with survey. SETTING/LOCAL PROBLEM Community hospital in the northeastern United States with a low-risk cesarean birth rate of 33%, which exceeds the national target rate of 23.9%. PARTICIPANTS Low-risk, nulliparous, pregnant women with a term singleton vertex fetus at hospital admission (N = 67). INTERVENTION/MEASUREMENTS An electronic survey was administered before hospital discharge following birth. The survey assessed prenatal education, use of the ELL, admission characteristics, and birth satisfaction. Descriptive analysis was used. RESULTS Nearly half (43.9%) of the women surveyed used the ELL. ELL users received prenatal care (72.3%), knew signs of active labor (93.1%), and had a cesarean birth rate of 7.1%. Significantly greater proportions of women prenatally cared for by midwives reported knowledge of the signs of early labor (100% vs. 80%; χ2 = 4.4, p = .04) and of the availability of the ELL (18.2% vs. 70.6%; χ2 = 15.2, p < .001). A range of activities were offered in the ELL, and at least 75% of women indicated that all activities were helpful during latent labor. Birth satisfaction scores, measured on a scale of 0 to 40, with 40 indicating greatest satisfaction, ranged from 22 to 35 among ELL participants. CONCLUSION An ELL is a care innovation that hospitals can consider for providing support to women with low-risk pregnancies during the latent phase of labor. Women who used the ELL reported feeling that it provided guidance and support. An ELL is a woman-centered option for delayed admission.
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Romero-Gonzalez B, Peralta-Ramirez MI, Caparros-Gonzalez RA, Cambil-Ledesma A, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Spanish validation and factor structure of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). Midwifery 2019; 70:31-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Martin CR, Hollins Martin CJ, Burduli E, Barbosa-Leiker C, Donovan-Batson C, Fleming SE. The Birth Satisfaction Scale - Revised (BSS-R): should the subscale scores or the total score be used? J Reprod Infant Psychol 2018; 36:530-535. [PMID: 30058370 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2018.1490498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND The 10-item Birth Satisfaction Scale - Revised (BSS-R) is increasingly being used internationally as the instrument of choice for the assessment of birth satisfaction. There remains conjecture over the most appropriate way to score the instrument; subscale scores overall total score, or both approaches. The current study sought to clarify this issue by examining the measurement characteristics of the United States version of the BSS-R from a large data set. METHODS Secondary analysis of a data matrix from a large sample US BSS-R validation study (N = 2116) using structural equation modelling. RESULTS A bi-factor model revealed an excellent fit to data (χ2(df = 25) = 208.21, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMR = 0.04), demonstrating relative independence of the BSS-R quality of care subscale, while in contrast the women's attributes and stress experienced during childbearing subscales could be explained more plausibly by a general factor of experience of childbirth. CONCLUSION Consistent with the recommendations of the original BSS-R validation study, the current investigation found robust empirical evidence to support the use of both the subscale scoring system and the total score. Researchers and clinicians can therefore select either approach (or both) with confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin R Martin
- a Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR) , University of Hull , Hull , UK
| | - Caroline J Hollins Martin
- b Maternal Health, School of Nursing , Midwifery and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University , Scotland , UK
| | - Ekaterina Burduli
- c College of Nursing , Washington State University , Spokane , Washington State , USA
| | - Celestina Barbosa-Leiker
- d Washington State University College of Nursing, Washington State University , Spokane , Washington State , USA
| | - Colleen Donovan-Batson
- e Division of Health Policy and Advocacy , Midwives Alliance of North America , Washington State , USA
| | - Susan E Fleming
- f Seattle University College of Nursing, Seattle , Washington State , USA
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Göncü Serhatlıoğlu S, Karahan N, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Construct and content validity of the Turkish Birth Satisfaction Scale – Revised (T-BSS-R). J Reprod Infant Psychol 2018; 36:235-245. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2018.1443322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nazan Karahan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Karabuk University , Karabuk, Turkey
| | | | - Colin R. Martin
- Mental Health, Faculty of Health and Society, Buckinghamshire New University , England, UK
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Validity of instruments for measuring the satisfaction of a woman and her partner with care received during labour and childbirth: Systematic review. Midwifery 2017; 55:103-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Jefford E, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Development and validation of the Australian version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). J Reprod Infant Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2017.1396302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Jefford
- School of Health & Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, Australia
| | | | - Colin R. Martin
- Faculty of Society and Health, Buckinghamshire New University, Uxbridge, UK
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Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of select maternal psychosocial and experiential factors on birth satisfaction of new mothers during early postpartum. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This is a descriptive correlational study exploring the relationships among birth satisfaction, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and perceived stress in 107 new mothers in the first 4 days postpartum. Instruments used included the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form, and a researcher-generated demographic form. Quantitative analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation, one-way Analysis of Variance, and multiple linear regression. RESULTS Birth satisfaction was negatively correlated with perceived stress (r = -.299, p < .05) and positively correlated with feeling prepared for birth (rho = .243, p < .05) and breastfeeding self-efficacy (r = .226, p < .05). The predictive model for birth satisfaction was significant (R = .204, F [6, 99] = 4.225, p = .001), explaining approximately 20.4% of variance in birth satisfaction in the sample. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Stress reduction and management, establishment of realistic expectations for labor and birth, and promotion of togetherness with newborn immediately after birth are nursing priorities to promote birth satisfaction.
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Vivilaki V, Zemperligkou E, Iliopoulou E, Anastasopoulou E, Giaxi P, Lykeridou K. The reversed Birth Satisfaction Scale: translation, adaptation and validation for a Greek sample. Eur J Midwifery 2017. [DOI: 10.18332/ejm/76655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Martin CR, Hollins Martin C, Redshaw M. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Indicator (BSS-RI). BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017; 17:277. [PMID: 28851307 PMCID: PMC5575858 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-017-1459-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study sought to develop a short birth satisfaction indicator utilising items from the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) for use as a brief measure of birth satisfaction and as a possible key performance indicator for perinatal service delivery evaluation. Building on the recently developed BSS-R, the study aimed to develop a simplified version of the instrument to assess birth satisfaction easily that could work as a short evaluative measure of clinical service delivery for labour and birth that is consistent with policy documents, placing women at the centre of the birth experience. METHODS The six item Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Indicator (BSS-RI) was embedded within the 2014 National Maternity Survey for England. A random selection of mothers who had given birth in a two week period in England were surveyed three months after the birth. Using a two-stage design and split-half dataset, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, convergent, divergent and known-groups discriminant validity evaluation were conducted in a secondary analysis of the survey data. RESULTS Using this large population based survey of recent mothers the short revised measure was found to comprise two distinct domains of birth satisfaction, 'stress and emotional response to labour and birth' and 'quality of care'. The psychometric qualities of the tool were robust as were the indices of validity and reliability evaluated. CONCLUSION The BSS-RI represents a short easily administered and scored measure of women's satisfaction with care and the experience of labour and birth. The instrument is potentially useful for researchers, service evaluation and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin R Martin
- Faculty of Society and Health, Buckinghamshire New University, Uxbridge, UK
| | | | - Maggie Redshaw
- Policy Research Unit in Maternal Health and Care, National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
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Nilvér H, Begley C, Berg M. Measuring women's childbirth experiences: a systematic review for identification and analysis of validated instruments. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017; 17:203. [PMID: 28662645 PMCID: PMC5492707 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-017-1356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women's childbirth experience can have immediate as well as long-term positive or negative effects on their life, well-being and health. When evaluating and drawing conclusions from research results, women's experiences of childbirth should be one aspect to consider. Researchers and clinicians need help in finding and selecting the most suitable instrument for their purpose. The aim of this study was therefore to systematically identify and present validated instruments measuring women's childbirth experience. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in January 2016 with a comprehensive search in the bibliographic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, The Cochrane Library and PsycINFO. Included instruments measured women's childbirth experiences. Papers were assessed independently by two reviewers for inclusion, and quality assessment of included instruments was made by two reviewers independently and in pairs using Terwee et al's criteria for evaluation of psychometric properties. RESULTS In total 5189 citations were screened, of which 5106 were excluded by title and abstract. Eighty-three full-text papers were reviewed, and 37 papers were excluded, resulting in 46 included papers representing 36 instruments. These instruments demonstrated a wide range in purpose and content as well as in the quality of psychometric properties. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review provides an overview of existing instruments measuring women's childbirth experiences and can support researchers to identify appropriate instruments to be used, and maybe adapted, in their specific contexts and research purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Nilvér
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecily Begley
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marie Berg
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Burduli E, Barbosa-Leiker C, Fleming S, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Cross-cultural invariance of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R): comparing UK and US samples. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2017.1310374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Burduli
- Initiative for Research and Education to Advance Community Health (IREACH), Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, USA
| | | | - Susan Fleming
- College of Nursing, Seattle University, Seattle, USA
| | - Caroline J. Hollins Martin
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University (Sighthill Campus), Midlothian, Scotland, UK
| | - Colin R. Martin
- Faculty of Society and Health, Buckinghamshire New University, Uxbridge, England, UK
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Martin CR, Hollins Martin CJ, Burduli E, Barbosa-Leiker C, Donovan-Batson C, Fleming SE. Measurement and structural invariance of the US version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) in a large sample. Women Birth 2016; 30:e172-e178. [PMID: 27965174 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 10-item Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) is being increasingly used internationally. The use of the measure and the concept has gathered traction in the United States following the development of a US version of the tool. A limitation of previous studies of the measurement characteristics of the BSS-R is modest sample size. Unplanned pregnancy is recognised as being associated with a range of negative birth outcomes, but the relationship to birth satisfaction has received little attention, despite the importance of birth satisfaction to a range of postnatal outcomes. AIM The current investigation sought to evaluate the measurement characteristics of the BSS-R in a large postpartum sample. METHODS Multiple Groups Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) was used to evaluate a series of measurement and structural models of the BSS-R to evaluate fundamental invariance characteristics using planned/unplanned pregnancy status to differentiate groups. FINDINGS Complete data from N=2116 women revealed that the US version of the BSS-R offers an excellent fit to data and demonstrates full measurement and structural invariance. Little difference was observed between women on the basis of planned/unplanned pregnancy stratification on measures of birth satisfaction. DISCUSSION The established relationship between unplanned pregnancy and negative perinatal outcomes was not found to extend to birth satisfaction in the current study. The BSS-R demonstrated exemplary measurement and structural invariance characteristics. CONCLUSION The current study strongly supports the use of the US version of the BSS-R to compare birth satisfaction across different groups of women with theoretical and measurement confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin R Martin
- Faculty of Society and Health, Buckinghamshire New University, Uxbridge, UB8 1NA, UK.
| | | | - Ekaterina Burduli
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington State, USA.
| | | | | | - Susan E Fleming
- Seattle University College of Nursing, Seattle, Washington State, USA.
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Fleming SE, Donovan-Batson C, Burduli E, Barbosa-Leiker C, Hollins Martin CJ, Martin CR. Birth Satisfaction Scale/Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS/BSS-R): A large scale United States planned home birth and birth centre survey. Midwifery 2016; 41:9-15. [PMID: 27494569 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to explore the prevalence of birth satisfaction for childbearing women planning to birth in their home or birth centers in the United States. Examining differences in birth satisfaction of the home and birth centers; and those who birthed in a hospital using the 30-item Birth Satisfaction Scale (BSS) and the 10-item Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R). STUDY DESIGN a quantitative survey using the BSS and BSS-R were employed. Additional demographic data were collected using electronic linkages (Qualtrics™). PARTICIPANTS a convenience sample of childbearing women (n=2229) who had planned to birth in their home or birth center from the US (United States) participated. Participants were recruited via professional and personal contacts, primarily their midwives. RESULTS the total 30-item BSS score mean was 128.98 (SD 16.92) and the 10-item BSS-R mean score was 31.94 (SD 6.75). Sub-scale mean scores quantified the quality of care provision, women's personal attributes, and stress experienced during labour. Satisfaction was higher for women with vaginal births compared with caesareans deliveries. In addition, satisfaction was higher for women who had both planned to deliver in a home or a birth centre, and who had actually delivered in a home or a birth center. KEY CONCLUSIONS total and subscale birth satisfaction scores were positive and high for the overall sample IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: the BSS and the BSS-R provide a robust tool to quantify women's experiences of childbirth between variables such as birth types, birth settings and providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Fleming
- Seattle University College of Nursing, 901 12th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98122, United States.
| | | | - Ekaterina Burduli
- Washington State University College of Nursing, P.O. Box 1495, Spokane, WA 99210-1495, United States.
| | - Celestina Barbosa-Leiker
- Washington State University College of Nursing, P.O. Box 1495, Spokane, WA 99210-1495, United States.
| | - Caroline J Hollins Martin
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University (Sighthill Campus), 9 Sighthill Court, Midlothian EH11 4BN, United Kingdom.
| | - Colin R Martin
- Buckinghamshire New University, High Wycombe Campus, Queen Alexandra Rd, High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire HP11 2JZ, United Kingdom.
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Martin CR, Vardavaki Z, Hollins Martin CJ. Measurement equivalence of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R): further evidence of construct validity. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2016.1184747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin R. Martin
- Faculty of Society and Health, Buckinghamshire New University , Uxbridge, UK
| | - Zoi Vardavaki
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , London, UK
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