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Li Petri G, Di Martino S, De Rosa M. Peptidomimetics: An Overview of Recent Medicinal Chemistry Efforts toward the Discovery of Novel Small Molecule Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7438-7475. [PMID: 35604326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of peptides as therapeutics has often been associated with several drawbacks such as poor absorption, low stability to proteolytic digestion, and fast clearance. Peptidomimetics are developed by modifications of native peptides with the aim of obtaining molecules that are more suitable for clinical development and, for this reason, are widely used as tools in medicinal chemistry programs. The effort to disclose innovative peptidomimetic therapies is recurrent and constantly evolving as demonstrated by the new lead compounds in clinical trials. Synthetic strategies for the development of peptidomimetics have also been implemented with time. This perspective highlights some of the most recent efforts for the design and synthesis of peptidomimetic agents together with their biological evaluation toward a panel of targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria De Rosa
- Drug Discovery Unit, Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo 90133, Italy
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Potential clinical drugs as covalent inhibitors of the priming proteases of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:2200-2208. [PMID: 32868983 PMCID: PMC7448953 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In less than eight months, the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) virus has resulted in over 20,000,000 confirmed cases and over 700,000 deaths around the world. With the increasing worldwide spreading of this disease, the lack of effective drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection makes the situation even more dangerous and unpredictable. Although many forces are speeding up to develop prevention and treatment therapeutics, it is unlikely that any de novo drugs will be available in months. Drug repurposing holds the promise to significantly save the time for drug development, since it could use existing clinic drugs to treat new diseases. Based on the “steric-clashes alleviating receptor (SCAR)” strategy developed in our lab recently, we screened the library of clinic and investigational drugs, and identified nine drugs that might be repurposed as covalent inhibitors of the priming proteases (cathepsin B, cathepsin L, and TMPRSS2) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Among these hits, five are known covalent inhibitors, and one is an anti-virus drug. Therefore, we hope our work would provide rational and timely help for developing anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.
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Shady NH, Khattab AR, Ahmed S, Liu M, Quinn RJ, Fouad MA, Kamel MS, Muhsinah AB, Krischke M, Mueller MJ, Abdelmohsen UR. Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Protease and Helicase Inhibitors from Red Sea Sponge ( Amphimedon) Species in Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Assisted by in Silico Modeling and Metabolic Profiling. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3377-3389. [PMID: 32494136 PMCID: PMC7231760 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s233766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of hepatic diseases all over the world. This necessitates the need to discover novel anti-HCV drugs to overcome emerging drug resistance and liver complications. Purpose Total extract and petroleum ether fraction of the marine sponge (Amphimedon spp.) were used for silver nanoparticle (SNP) synthesis to explore their HCV NS3 helicase- and protease-inhibitory potential. Methods Characterization of the prepared SNPs was carried out with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The metabolomic profile of different Amphimedon fractions was assessed using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Fourteen known compounds were isolated and their HCV helicase and protease activities assessed using in silico modeling of their interaction with both HCV protease and helicase enzymes to reveal their anti-HCV mechanism of action. In vitro anti-HCV activity against HCV NS3 helicase and protease was then conducted to validate the computation results and compared to that of the SNPs. Results Transmission electron–microscopy analysis of NPs prepared from Amphimedon total extract and petroleum ether revealed particle sizes of 8.22–14.30 nm and 8.22–9.97 nm, and absorption bands at λmax of 450 and 415 nm, respectively. Metabolomic profiling revealed the richness of Amphimedon spp. with different phytochemical classes. Bioassay-guided isolation resulted in the isolation of 14 known compounds with anti-HCV activity, initially revealed by docking studies. In vitro anti–HCV NS3 helicase and protease assays of both isolated compounds and NPs further confirmed the computational results. Conclusion Our findings indicate that Amphimedon, total extract, petroleum ether fraction, and derived NPs are promising biosources for providing anti-HCV drug candidates, with nakinadine B and 3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxymanzamine A the most potent anti-HCV agents, possessing good oral bioavailability and penetration power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Amira R Khattab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria 1029, Egypt
| | - Safwat Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 41522
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Ronald J Quinn
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Mostafa A Fouad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Salah Kamel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Markus Krischke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Martin J Mueller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, Minia 61111, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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Janczewska E, Zarębska-Michaluk D, Berak H, Piekarska A, Gietka A, Dybowska D, Mazur W, Belica-Wdowik T, Dobracki W, Tudrujek-Zdunek M, Deroń Z, Buczyńska I, Sitko M, Czauż-Andrzejuk A, Lorenc B, Białkowska-Warzecha J, Citko J, Laurans Ł, Jaroszewicz J, Socha Ł, Tronina O, Adamek B, Horban A, Halota W, Baka-Ćwierz B, Tomasiewicz K, Simon K, Garlicki A, Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska M, Flisiak R. The efficacy of paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir+dasabuvir and ledipasvir/sofosbuvir is comparable in patients who failed interferon-based treatment with first generation protease inhibitors - a multicenter cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:580. [PMID: 30445916 PMCID: PMC6240185 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3465-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the EASL and AASLD guidelines, the recommended treatment for patients who failed to achieve a sustained virologic response (SVR) on prior interferon-based triple therapy with protease inhibitors (PI), is a combination of sofosbuvir and NS5A inhibitors. Polish national recommendations also allow the use of paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir+dasasbuvir±ribavirin (PrODR) in this group of patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PrODR vs. ledipasvir/sofosbuvir±RBV (LSR) in PI-experienced patients in real-life setting. METHODS Our analysis included patients registered in the nationwide, investigators initiated, multicentre EpiTer-2 database. Among 4530 patients registered, 335 with genotype 1 (93% 1b) were previously treated with IFN-based regimens with PIs: 127 with boceprevir (BOC), 208 with telaprevir (TVR). Patients with advanced fibrosis (F3/F4) were significantly predominant (BOC 28.4%/61.4%, TVR 18.8%/64.4%, respectively). Subjects were assigned to IFN-free retreatment as follows: BOC - 64 (50.4%) PrODR and 63 (49.6%) LSR; TVR- 103 (49.5%) PrODR and 105 (50.5%) LSR. RESULTS SVR rates were comparable for particular groups: BOC → PrODR- 100%; BOC → LSR - 98%; TVR → PrODR - 97%; TVR → LSR - 96% (intent-to treat analysis-ITT) and BOC → PrODR→100%; BOC → LSR - 99%; TVR → PrODR - 99%; TVR → LSR - 98% (modified intent-to treat analysis-mITT). Both treatment regimens had a favourable safety profile. Adverse events (AEs) were generally mild or moderate in severity. Three deaths were reported. The treatment was stopped due to AEs in five patients (three treated with PrODR and two with LSR). CONCLUSION Efficacy and safety of treatment with PrODR and LSR is comparable in BOC or TVR-experienced patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Janczewska
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, ID Clinic, Janowska 19, 41-400 Mysłowice, Bytom, Poland
| | | | - Hanna Berak
- Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anna Piekarska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gietka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the MSWiA, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Dorota Dybowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Mazur
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infectious Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiency, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Teresa Belica-Wdowik
- Regional Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Viral Hepatitis and Hepatology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | - Zbigniew Deroń
- Ward of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Biegański Regional Specialist Hospital, Łódź, Poland
| | - Iwona Buczyńska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Sitko
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Czauż-Andrzejuk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Beata Lorenc
- Pomeranian Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Jolanta Citko
- Medical Practice of Infections, Regional Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Łukasz Laurans
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Jaroszewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - Łukasz Socha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Olga Tronina
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology, and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Brygida Adamek
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, ID Clinic, Janowska 19, 41-400 Mysłowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - Andrzej Horban
- Warsaw Medical University & Hospital of Infectious Diseases Warszawa, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Waldemar Halota
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Barbara Baka-Ćwierz
- Regional Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Viral Hepatitis and Hepatology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Simon
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksander Garlicki
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Robert Flisiak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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