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Polo-Cuadrado E, Rojas-Peña C, Acosta-Quiroga K, Camargo-Ayala L, Brito I, Cisterna J, Moncada F, Trilleras J, Rodríguez-Núñez YA, Gutierrez M. Design, synthesis, theoretical study, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities of new pyrazolo-fused phenanthrolines. RSC Adv 2022; 12:33032-33048. [PMID: 36425206 PMCID: PMC9671100 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05532e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrazole-fused phenanthroline compounds were obtained through several synthetic routes. NMR, HRMS, and IR techniques were used to characterize and confirm the chemical structures. Crystal structures were obtained from compounds 3a, 5b, 5j, 5k, and 5n and analyzed using X-ray diffraction. Compounds were evaluated as acetyl (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors, and the results showed a moderate activity. Compound 5c presented the best activity against AChE (IC50 = 53.29 μM) and compound 5l against BChE enzyme (IC50 = 119.3 μM). Furthermore, the ability of the synthetic compounds to scavenge cationic radicals DPPH and ABTS was evaluated. Compound 5e (EC50 = 26.71 μg mL-1) presented the best results in the DPPH assay, and compounds 5e, 5f and 5g (EC50 = 11.51, 3.10 and <3 μg mL-1, respectively) showed better ABTS cationic radical scavenging results. Finally, in silico analyses indicated that 71% of the compounds show good oral availability and are within the ranges established by the Lipinski criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín Polo-Cuadrado
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
| | - Cristian Rojas-Peña
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
- Doctorado en Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Karen Acosta-Quiroga
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
- Doctorado en Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Lorena Camargo-Ayala
- Doctorado en Ciencias Mención I + D de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica (LSO-Act-Bio), Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
| | - Iván Brito
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avda., Campus Coloso Antofagasta 02800 Chile
| | - Jonathan Cisterna
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avda., Campus Coloso Antofagasta 02800 Chile
| | - Félix Moncada
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Av. Cra 30 # 45-03 Bogotá Colombia
| | - Jorge Trilleras
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Heterocíclicos, Universidad del Atlántico Puerto Colombia 081007 Colombia
| | - Yeray A Rodríguez-Núñez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello Republica 275 Santiago 8370146 Chile
| | - Margarita Gutierrez
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
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Tomsič K, Nemec Svete A, Nemec A, Domanjko Petrič A, Pirman T, Rezar V, Vovk T, Seliškar A. Antioxidant capacity of lipid- and water-soluble antioxidants in dogs with subclinical myxomatous mitral valve degeneration anaesthetised with propofol or sevoflurane. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:305. [PMID: 32831105 PMCID: PMC7445896 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antioxidants located in both the hydrophilic and lipophilic compartments of plasma act as a defence system against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive production of ROS during anaesthesia affects the antioxidant capacity of plasma and may result in oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of lipid- (ACL) and water-soluble (ACW) antioxidants in client-owned dogs diagnosed with periodontal disease and early-stage myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) and anaesthetised for a dental procedure with propofol and sevoflurane or with propofol only. Results Dogs with MMVD were anaesthetised with propofol and sevoflurane (MMVD/PS, n = 8) or with propofol only (MMVD/P, n = 10). Dogs with no evidence of MMVD (PS, n = 12) were anaesthetised with propofol and sevoflurane. Blood samples for determination of ACL and ACW were collected before and 5 min, 60 min and 6 h after induction to anaesthesia. In MMVD/PS dogs, ACL was significantly higher at all sampling times when compared to PS dogs. Compared to basal values, only anaesthesia maintained with propofol significantly increased ACL at 60 min in dogs with MMVD. In MMVD/P dogs, ACW increased after induction to anaesthesia and remained elevated up to 6 h after anaesthesia. Compared to basal values, anaesthesia maintained with sevoflurane significantly increased ACW only at 60 min in both dogs with and without MMVD. The only difference between propofol and propofol/sevoflurane anaesthesia in dogs with MMVD was significantly higher ACW at 60 min after induction to anaesthesia in the propofol group. Conclusions Regarding antioxidant capacity, propofol could be a better choice than sevoflurane for anaesthesia of dogs with early-stage MMVD, although further studies are necessary to clarify the advantage of this antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Tomsič
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Nemec Svete
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Nemec
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandra Domanjko Petrič
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Pirman
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Vida Rezar
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Vovk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Seliškar
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Chen L, Teng H, Xie Z, Cao H, Cheang WS, Skalicka-Woniak K, Georgiev MI, Xiao J. Modifications of dietary flavonoids towards improved bioactivity: An update on structure-activity relationship. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:513-527. [PMID: 27438892 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1196334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, extensive studies have revealed that inflammation represents a major risk factor for various human diseases. Chronic inflammatory responses predispose to pathological progression of chronic illnesses featured with penetration of inflammatory cells, dysregulation of cellular signaling, excessive generation of cytokines, and loss of barrier function. Hence, the suppression of inflammation has the potential to delay, prevent, and to treat chronic diseases. Flavonoids, which are widely distributed in humans daily diet, such as vegetables, fruits, tea and cocoa, among others, are considered as bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory potential. Modification of flavonoids including hydroxylation, o-methylation, and glycosylation, can alter their metabolic features and affect mechanisms of inflammation. Structure-activity relationships among naturally occurred flavonoids hence provide us with a preliminary insight into their anti-inflammatory potential, not only attributing to the antioxidant capacity, but also to modulate inflammatory mediators. The present review summarizes current knowledge and underlies mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activities of dietary flavonoids and their influences involved in the development of various inflammatory-related chronic diseases. In addition, the established structure-activity relationships of phenolic compounds in this review may give an insight for the screening of new anti-inflammatory agents from dietary materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Hui Teng
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Zhenglu Xie
- b Jinshan College , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Hui Cao
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
| | - Wai San Cheang
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woniak
- d Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- e Group of Plant Cell Biotechnology and Metabolomics , The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Plovdiv , Bulgaria.,f Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
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Prasetyo EN, Semlitsch S, Nyanhongo GS, Lemmouchi Y, Guebitz GM. Laccase oxidation and removal of toxicants released during combustion processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:652-660. [PMID: 26408262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study reports for the first time the ability of laccases adsorbed on cellulose acetate to eliminate toxicants released during combustion processes. Laccases directly oxidized and eliminated more than 40% w/v of 14 mM of 1,4-dihydroxybenzene (hydroquinone); 2-methyl-1,4-benzenediol (methylhydroquinone); 1,4-dihydroxy-2,3,5-trimethylbenzene (trimethylhydroquinone); 3-methylphenol (m-cresol); 4-methylphenol (p-cresol); 2-methylphenol (o-cresol); 1,3-benzenediol (resorcinol); 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (catechol); 3,4-dihydroxytoluene (4-methylcatechol) and 2-naphthylamine. Further, laccase oxidized 2-naphthylamine, hydroquinone, catechol, methylhydroquinone and methylcatechol were also able to in turn mediate the elimination of >90% w/v of toxicants which are per-se non-laccase substrates such as 3-aminobiphenyl; 4-aminobiphenyl; benz[a]anthracene; 3-(1-nitrosopyrrolidin-2-yl) pyridine (NNN); formaldehyde; 4-(methyl-nitrosamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK); 2-butenal (crotonaldehyde); nitric oxide and vinyl cyanide (acrylonitrile). These studies demonstrate the potential of laccase immobilized on solid supports to remove many structurally different toxicants released during combustion processes. This system has great potential application for in situ removal of toxicants in the manufacturing, food processing and food service industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endry Nugroho Prasetyo
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Stefan Semlitsch
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Gibson S Nyanhongo
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria; Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana.
| | - Yahia Lemmouchi
- British American Tobacco, Group Research & Development, Regents Park Road, Millbrook, Southampton SO15 8TL, UK
| | - Georg M Guebitz
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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Braz MG, Braz LG, Freire CMM, Lucio LMC, Braz JRC, Tang G, Salvadori DMF, Yeum KJ. Isoflurane and Propofol Contribute to Increasing the Antioxidant Status of Patients During Minor Elective Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1266. [PMID: 26252290 PMCID: PMC4616612 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoflurane is a volatile halogenated anesthetic used especially for anesthesia maintenance whereas propofol is a venous anesthetic utilized for anesthesia induction and maintenance, and reportedly an antioxidant. However, there are still controversies related to isoflurane-induced oxidative stress and it remains unanswered whether the antioxidant effects occur in patients under propofol anesthesia.Taking into account the importance of better understanding the role of anesthetics on oxidative stress in anesthetized patients, the present study was designed to evaluate general anesthesia maintained with isoflurane or propofol on antioxidant status in patients who underwent minimally invasive surgeries.We conducted a prospective randomized trial in 30 adult patients without comorbidities who underwent elective minor surgery (septoplasty) lasting at least 2 h admitted to a Brazilian tertiary hospital.The patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups, according to anesthesia maintenance (isoflurane, n = 15 or propofol, n = 15). Peripheral blood samples were drawn before anesthesia (baseline) and 2-h after anesthesia induction.The primary outcomes were to investigate the effect of either isoflurane or propofol anesthesia on aqueous plasma oxidizability and total antioxidant performance (TAP) by fluorometry as well as several individual antioxidants by high-performance liquid chromatography. As secondary outcome, oxidized genetic damage (7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, known as 8-oxo-Gua) was investigated by the comet assay.Both anesthesia techniques (isoflurane or propofol) for a 2-h period resulted in a significant decrease of plasma α-tocopherol, but not other antioxidants including uric acid, carotenoids, and retinol (P > 0.05). Propofol, in contrast to isoflurane anesthesia, significantly increased (P < 0.001) anti-inflammatory/antioxidant plasma γ-tocopherol concentration in patients. Both anesthesia types significantly enhanced hydrophilic antioxidant capacity and TAP, with no significant difference between them, and 8-oxo-Gua remained unchanged during anesthesia in both groups. In addition, both anesthetics showed antioxidant capacity in vitro.This study shows that anesthesia maintained with either propofol or isoflurane increase both hydrophilic and total antioxidant capacity in plasma, but only propofol anesthesia increases plasma γ-tocopherol concentration. Additionally, both types of anesthetics do not lead to oxidative DNA damage in patients without comorbidities undergoing minimally invasive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G Braz
- From the Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (MGB, LGB, CMMF, LMCL, JRCB, DMFS); Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA (MGB, GT, K-JY); and College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea (K-JY)
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Anders M. Exploiting endobiotic metabolic pathways to target xenobiotic antioxidants to mitochondria. Mitochondrion 2013; 13:454-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2012.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Nyanhongo GS, Sygmund C, Ludwig R, Prasetyo EN, Guebitz GM. An antioxidant regenerating system for continuous quenching of free radicals in chronic wounds. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 83:396-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nyanhongo GS, Sygmund C, Ludwig R, Prasetyo EN, Guebitz GM. Synthesis of multifunctional bioresponsive polymers for the management of chronic wounds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 101:882-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Raedschelders K, Ansley DM, Chen DDY. The cellular and molecular origin of reactive oxygen species generation during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 133:230-55. [PMID: 22138603 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is an important cause of impaired heart function in the early postoperative period subsequent to cardiac surgery. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation increases during both ischemia and reperfusion and it plays a central role in the pathophysiology of intraoperative myocardial injury. Unfortunately, the cellular source of these ROS during ischemia and reperfusion is often poorly defined. Similarly, individual ROS members tend to be grouped together as free radicals with a uniform reactivity towards biomolecules and with deleterious effects collectively ascribed under the vague umbrella of oxidative stress. This review aims to clarify the identity, origin, and progression of ROS during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Additionally, this review aims to describe the biochemical reactions and cellular processes that are initiated by specific ROS that work in concert to ultimately yield the clinical manifestations of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Lastly, this review provides an overview of several key cardioprotective strategies that target myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury from the perspective of ROS generation. This overview is illustrated with example clinical studies that have attempted to translate these strategies to reduce the severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury during coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Raedschelders
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Pessêgo M, Rosa da Costa AM, Moreira JA. Importance of phenols structure on their activity as antinitrosating agents: A kinetic study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2011; 3:128-34. [PMID: 21430963 PMCID: PMC3053510 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.76491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Nitrosative deamination of DNA bases induced by reaction with reactive nitrogen species (RNS) has been pointed out as a probable cause of mutagenesis. (Poly)phenols, present in many food items from the Mediterranean diet, are believed to possess antinitrosating properties due to their RNS scavenging ability, which seems to be related to their structure. It has been suggested that phenolic compounds will react with the above-mentioned species more rapidly than most amino compounds, thus preventing direct nitrosation of the DNA bases and their transnitrosation from endogenous N-nitroso compounds, or most likely from the transient N-nitrosocompounds formed in vivo. Materials and Methods: In order to prove that assumption, a kinetic study of the nitroso group transfer from a N-methyl-N-nitrosobenzenesulfonamide (N-methyl-N-nitroso-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide, MeNMBS) to the DNA bases bearing an amine group and to a series of phenols was carried out. In the transnitrosation of phenols, the formation of nitrosophenol was monitored by Ultraviolet (UV) / Visible spectroscopy, and in the reactions of the DNA bases, the consumption of MeNMBS was followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: The results obtained point to the transnitrosation of DNA bases being negligible, as well as that of phenols bearing electron-withdrawing groups. Phenols with methoxy substituents in positions 2, 4, and / or 6, although they seemed to react, did not afford the expected product. Phenols with electron-releasing substituents, unless these blocked the oxygen atom, reacted with our model compound at an appreciable rate. O-nitrosation of the phenolate ion followed by rearrangement of the C-nitrosophenol seemed to be involved. Conclusion: This study provided evidence that the above compounds might actually act as antinitrosating agents in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Pessêgo
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Santiago, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Putting bioactivation reactions to work: Targeting antioxidants to mitochondria. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 192:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Nishimi T, Kamachi T, Kato K, Kato T, Yoshizawa K. Mechanistic Study on the Production of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Anthraquinone Process. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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13
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Pourahmad J, Eskandari MR, Shakibaei R, Kamalinejad M. A search for hepatoprotective activity of fruit extract of Mangifera indica L. against oxidative stress cytotoxicity. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2010; 65:83-89. [PMID: 20204522 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-010-0161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and their components are commonly used in folk medicine for many curative effects. The protective effects of different concentrations of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. fruit (Mango Extract) (20, 50 and 100 microg/ml) and also gallic acid (100 microM) as a pure compound in the extract were examined against oxidative stress toxicity induced by cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) in isolated rat hepatocytes. The extracts and gallic acid (100 microM) protected the hepatocyte against all oxidative stress markers including cell lysis, ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, lysosomal membrane oxidative damage and cellular proteolysis. Mango Extracts (20, 50 and 100 microg/ml) were more effective than gallic acid (100 microM) in protecting hepatocytes against CHP induced lipid peroxidation. On the other hand gallic acid (100 microM) acted more effective than Mango Extracts (20, 50 and 100 microg/ml) at preventing lysosomal membrane damage. In addition H(2)O(2) scavenging effect of all extracts were determined in hepatocytes and compared with gallic acid (100 microM). There were no significance differences (P<0.05) between all plant extracts and gallic acid (100 microM) in H(2)O(2) scavenging activity. These results suggest a hepatoprotective role for Mango Extract against liver injury associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Pourahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Roser KS, Brookes PS, Wojtovich AP, Olson LP, Shojaie J, Parton RL, Anders MW. Mitochondrial biotransformation of omega-(phenoxy)alkanoic acids, 3-(phenoxy)acrylic acids, and omega-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylthio)alkanoic acids: a prodrug strategy for targeting cytoprotective antioxidants to mitochondria. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1441-8. [PMID: 20129794 PMCID: PMC3000792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the attendant mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in a range of disease states. The objective of the present studies was to test the hypothesis that the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway could be exploited to deliver and biotransform the prodrugs omega-(phenoxy)alkanoic acids, 3-(phenoxy)acrylic acids, and omega-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylthio)alkanoic acids to the corresponding phenolic antioxidants or methimazole. 3- and 5-(Phenoxy)alkanoic acids and methyl-substituted analogs were biotransformed to phenols; rates of biotransformation decreased markedly with methyl-group substitution on the phenoxy moiety. 2,6-Dimethylphenol formation from the analogs 3-([2,6-dimethylphenoxy]methylthio)propanoic acid and 3-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acrylic acid was greater than that observed with omega-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)alkanoic acids. 3- and 5-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylthio)alkanoic acids were rapidly biotransformed to the antioxidant methimazole and conferred significant cytoprotection against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in isolated cardiomyocytes. Both 3-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)propanoic acid and 3-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acrylic acid also afforded cytoprotection against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in isolated cardiomyocytes. These results demonstrate that mitochondrial beta-oxidation is a potentially useful delivery system for targeting antioxidants to mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt S. Roser
- Mitochondrial Research and Innovation Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Paul S. Brookes
- Mitochondrial Research and Innovation Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Andrew P. Wojtovich
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 711, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Leif P. Olson
- Mitochondrial Research and Innovation Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Jalil Shojaie
- Mitochondrial Research and Innovation Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Richard L. Parton
- Mitochondrial Research and Innovation Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - M. W. Anders
- Mitochondrial Research and Innovation Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 711, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
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Comparative study on determination of antioxidant and membrane activities of propofol and its related compounds. Eur J Pharm Sci 2010; 39:97-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Gregoris E, Stevanato R. Correlations between polyphenolic composition and antioxidant activity of Venetian propolis. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Revised: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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A search for hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Rhus coriaria L. against oxidative stress cytotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 48:854-8. [PMID: 20036300 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Revised: 11/29/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects of different concentrations of aqueous extract of Rhus coriaria L. fruit (75 and 100 microg/ml) and also gallic acid (100 microM) as one of its main components were examined against oxidative stress toxicity induced by cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) in isolated rat hepatocytes. Both extract concentrations and gallic acid (100 microM) significantly (P<0.05) protected the hepatocyte against all oxidative stress markers including cell lysis, ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, lysosomal membrane oxidative damage and cellular proteolysis. Aqueous extracts of Rhus coriaria L. (75 and 100 microg/ml) were more effective than gallic acid (100 microM) in protecting hepatocytes against CHP induced lipid peroxidation (P<0.05). On the other hand gallic acid (100 microM) acted more effective than aqueous extracts of Rhus coriaria L. (75 and 100 microg/ml) at preventing hepatocyte membrane lysis (P<0.05). In addition H(2)O(2) scavenging effect of both extract concentrations (75 and 100 microg/ml) were determined in hepatocytes and compared with gallic acid (100 microM). Gallic acid (100 microM) was more effective than aqueous extracts of Rhus coriaria L. (75 and 100 microg/ml) at H(2)O(2) scavenging activity (P<0.05).
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Friaa O, Chaleix V, Lecouvey M, Brault D. Reaction between the anesthetic agent propofol and the free radical DPPH in semiaqueous media: kinetics and characterization of the products. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 45:1011-8. [PMID: 18672054 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2008] [Revised: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH ) with the anesthetic agent 2,6-diisopropylphenol (propofol, PPF) was investigated in buffered hydroalcoholic media. The kinetics was followed using a stopped-flow system. DPPH was reduced to the hydrazine analogue DPPH-H with a measured stoichiometry (DPPH /PPF) of 2. The main product of the reaction, 3,5,3',5'-tetraisopropyl-(4,4')-diphenoquinone (PPFDQ) was isolated by chromatography and its structure was fully characterized. The reaction mechanism was inferred from the stoichiometry, kinetics, and product identification. The first step, which primarily determines the kinetics, is the reaction of DPPH with PPF to produce DPPH-H and the PPF radical. The rate constant was found to be 31.8, 207, and 908 M(-1) s(-1) at pH 6.4, 7.4, and 8.4, respectively. The pH dependence is indicative of a higher reactivity of the phenolate form of PPF. Then, PPF radicals combine to form dipropofol, which is quickly oxidized to PPFDQ by the remaining DPPH . This reaction scheme is corroborated by numerical simulations of the kinetics. In the course of this study we also disclosed an unexpected effect, the photochemical degradation of PPFDQ. The need to compare antioxidants on a kinetics basis is again emphasized. In our hands, PPF presents a significantly weaker reactivity than Trolox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouided Friaa
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR 7033, BIOMOCETI, F-75005 Paris, France
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19
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Bahnasi YM, Wright HM, Milligan CJ, Dedman AM, Zeng F, Hopkins PM, Bateson AN, Beech DJ. Modulation of TRPC5 cation channels by halothane, chloroform and propofol. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 153:1505-12. [PMID: 18204473 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE TRPC5 is a mammalian homologue of the Drosophila Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channel and has expression and functions in the cardiovascular and nervous systems. It forms a calcium-permeable cation channel that can be activated by a variety of signals including carbachol (acting at muscarinic receptors), lanthanides (e.g. Gd3+) and phospholipids (e.g. lysophosphatidylcholine: LPC). Here we report the effects of inhalational (halothane and chloroform) and intravenous (propofol) general anaesthetics upon TRPC5. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Human TRPC5 channels were expressed in HEK 293 cells and studied using fura-2 and patch-clamp recording to measure intracellular calcium and membrane currents respectively at room temperature. Human TRPM2 channels were studied for comparison. KEY RESULTS TRPC5 activation by carbachol, Gd3+ or LPC was inhibited by halothane and chloroform at > or =0.1 and 0.2 mM respectively. Neither agent inhibited TRPM2. Propofol had an initial stimulatory effect on TRPC5 (evident in patch-clamp recordings only) and an inhibitory effect at > or =10 microM. TRPM2 was not affected by propofol. Propofol inhibited activation of TRPC5 by Gd3+ but not LPC, suggesting the effect was not directly on the channel. Propofol's anti-oxidant property was not necessary for its inhibitory effect because di-isopropyl benzene, a propofol analogue that lacks the hydroxyl group, also inhibited TRPC5. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The data show the sensitivity of TRPC5 channel to general anaesthetics and suggest that some of the effects could have clinical relevance. The effects may be explained in part by the sensitivity of the channel to biophysical properties of the lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Bahnasi
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Membrane and Systems Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Sung EG, Jee D, Song IH, Kim HS, Bae JH, Park SH. Propofol attenuates Kupffer cell activation during hypoxia-reoxygenation. Can J Anaesth 2006; 52:921-6. [PMID: 16251556 DOI: 10.1007/bf03022052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We undertook a study to determine whether propofol may attenuate Kupffer cell (KC) activation, thus protecting the cells against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury through the modulation of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i). METHODS [Ca2+]i, the expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha mRNA, and KC viability were measured in response to hypoxia-reoxygenation following pretreatment with propofol 0.5 and 5 microg.mL(-1) (Groups P1 and P2, respectively) or without propofol (Group HRC). KCs were isolated and cultured from male Sprague-Dawley rats. KCs were incubated under an atmosphere of hypoxia (95% N2 + 5% CO2) for 60 min with subsequent 120 min reoxygenation (95% air + 5% CO2). [Ca2+]i for the first 12 min after reoxygenation, TNF-alpha mRNA, and KC viability at the end of reoxygenation in groups P1 and P2 were compared with those of HRC. RESULTS The increase of [Ca2+]i from the baseline was attenuated in P1 (96.6 +/- 6.9%) and P2 (96.1 +/- 5.4%) compared with HRC (143.8 +/- 11.5%), (P < 0.001), with no difference between P1 and P2. The expression of TNF-alpha mRNA increased only in HRC during hypoxia-reoxygenation. KC viability increased in P1 (97.5 +/- 2.6%) and P2 (94.6 +/- 2.9%), compared with HRC (89.9 +/- 1.4%), (P < 0.005), with no difference between P1 and P2. CONCLUSION The results indicate that propofol attenuates KC activation and protects KC from hypoxia-reoxygenation injury at clinically relevant concentrations. This attenuation seems to result from inhibition of [Ca2+]i increase in KC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eon-Gi Sung
- Kupffer Cell Research Group, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daemyung-Dong, Nam-Gu, Daegu, Korea 705-035
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Abstract
This work describes the synthesis and characterisation of some novel hybrid molecules which contains in the same molecule a free radical moiety of hydrazyl type and a spin-trap moiety of nitrone type. The new compounds synthesized have multiple and easy to follow spectroscopic properties, making them useful as sensors or probes in radical chemistry. The new class of hydrazyl-nitrone molecules can act, in a single step process, as both generator and spin-trap of short-lived radicals. The hybrid molecules can be also involved in acid-base or redox processes, and the chemical processes can be easily monitored by visible or electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The excellent generator and trap properties recommend them as valuable sensors and probes in radical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petre Ionita
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Spl. Independentei 202, Bucharest, Romania.
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Remirez D, Tafazoli S, Delgado R, Harandi AA, O'Brien PJ. PREVENTING HEPATOCYTE OXIDATIVE STRESS CYTOTOXICITY WITH Mangifera indica L. EXTRACT (VIMANG). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 21:19-29. [PMID: 16086553 DOI: 10.1515/dmdi.2005.21.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Vimang is an aqueous extract of Mangifera indica used in Cuba to improve the quality of life in patients suffering from inflammatory diseases. In the present study we evaluated the effects of Vimang at preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and lipid peroxidation in intact isolated rat hepatocytes. Vimang at 20, 50 and 100 microg/ml inhibited hepatocyte ROS formation induced by glucose-glucose oxidase. Hepatocyte cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation induced by cumene hydroperoxide was also inhibited by Vimang in a dose and time dependent manner at the same concentration. Vimang also inhibited superoxide radical formation by xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine. The superoxide radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of the Vimang extract was likely related to its gallates, catechins and mangiferin content. To our knowledge, this is the first report of cytoprotective antioxidant effects of Vimang in cellular oxidative stress models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diadelis Remirez
- Centro Nacional para el Control Estatal de la Calidad de los Medicamentos, Playa, Habana, Cuba
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