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Boraste SV, Patil SB. Formulation development and evaluation of nasal in situ gel of promethazine hydrochloride. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024; 50:11-22. [PMID: 38054848 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2023.2291463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present work aims to develop mucoadhesive thermosensitive nasal in situ gel for Promethazine hydrochloride using quality by design (QbD) approach. It can reduce nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC) and increase residence of the drug on nasal mucosa. This might increase drug absorption to improve bioavailability of the drug as compared to oral dosage form. SIGNIFICANCE Promethazine hydrochloride is an antiemetic drug administered by oral, parenteral and rectal routes. These routes have poor patient compliance or low bioavailability. Nasal route is a better alternative as it has large surface area, high drug absorption rate and no first pass effect. Its only limitation is short drug retention time due to MCC. By formulating a mucoadhesive in situ gel, the MCC can be reduced, and drug absorption will be prolonged. Thus, improving bioavailability. METHOD In-situ gel was prepared by cold method having material attributes as concentration of Poloxamer 407 (X1) as gelling agent and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K4M (X2) as mucoadhesive agent. Critical Quality Attributes (CQA) were gelation temperature, mucoadhesive force and ex-vivo diffusion. Central composite design (CCD) was adopted for optimization. RESULT Optimized formulation satisfied all the CQA significant for nasal administration. Moreover, the formulation was found to be stable in accelerated stability studies for 3 months. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that since the drug can easily permeate through nasal mucosa and can gain access directly in the brain without undergoing first pass metabolism along with increased residence due to mucoadhesion, mucoadhesive in situ gel has potential to increase drug bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi V Boraste
- SNJB'S Shriman Suresh Dada Jain College of Pharmacy, Chandwad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay B Patil
- SNJB'S Shriman Suresh Dada Jain College of Pharmacy, Chandwad, Maharashtra, India
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2
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Wang M, Ma X, Zong S, Su Y, Su R, Zhang H, Liu Y, Wang C, Li Y. The prescription design and key properties of nasal gel for CNS drug delivery: A review. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106623. [PMID: 37890640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are among the major health problems. However, blood-brain barrier (BBB) makes traditional oral and intravenous delivery of CNS drugs inefficient. The unique direct connection between the nose and the brain makes nasal administration a great potential advantage in CNS drugs delivery. However, nasal mucociliary clearance (NMCC) limits the development of drug delivery systems. Appropriate nasal gel viscosity alleviates NMCC to a certain extent, gels based on gellan gum, chitosan, carbomer, cellulose and poloxamer have been widely reported. However, nasal gel formulation design and key properties for alleviating NMCC have not been clearly discussed. This article summarizes gel formulations of different polymers in existing nasal gel systems, and attempts to provide a basis for researchers to conduct in-depth research on the key characteristics of gel matrix against NMCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Xinyu Ma
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Shiyu Zong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China
| | - Yaqiong Su
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Rui Su
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China
| | - Chunliu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China.
| | - Ye Li
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China.
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3
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Simińska-Stanny J, Hachemi F, Dodi G, Cojocaru FD, Gardikiotis I, Podstawczyk D, Delporte C, Jiang G, Nie L, Shavandi A. Optimizing phenol-modified hyaluronic acid for designing shape-maintaining biofabricated hydrogel scaffolds in soft tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125201. [PMID: 37270140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a well-printable biomaterial ink for 3D printing of shape-maintaining hydrogel scaffolds. The hydrogel base comprised tyramine-modified hyaluronic acid (HA-Tyr) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and was dually cross-linked. Using the Box-Behnken design, we explored how varying the ink composition affected fiber formation and shape preservation. By adjusting the polymer ratios, we produced a stable hydrogel with varying responses, from a viscous liquid to a thick gel, and optimized 3D scaffolds that were structurally stable both during and after printing, offering precision and flexibility. Our ink exhibited shear-thinning behavior and high swelling capacity, as well as ECM-like characteristics and biocompatibility, making it an ideal candidate for soft tissues matrices with storage modulus of around 300 Pa. Animal trials and CAM assays confirmed its biocompatibility and integration with host tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Simińska-Stanny
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Feza Hachemi
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Université Paris Saclay, Polytech Paris Saclay, Rue Louis de Broglie, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Gianina Dodi
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania
| | - Florina D Cojocaru
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioannis Gardikiotis
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania
| | - Daria Podstawczyk
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Christine Delporte
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Faculté de Médecine, Campus Erasme - CP 611, Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Guohua Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China; International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Nie
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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Ali MM, Shoukri RA, Yousry C. Thin film hydration versus modified spraying technique to fabricate intranasal spanlastic nanovesicles for rasagiline mesylate brain delivery: Characterization, statistical optimization, and in vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1153-1168. [PMID: 36585559 PMCID: PMC9981512 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01285-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rasagiline mesylate (RM) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is commonly used to alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, it suffers from low oral bioavailability due to its extensive hepatic metabolism in addition to its hydrophilic nature which limits its ability to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reach the central nervous system where it exerts its pharmacological effect. Thus, this study aims to form RM-loaded spanlastic vesicles for intranasal (IN) administration to overcome its hepatic metabolism and permit its direct delivery to the brain. RM-loaded spanlastics were prepared using thin film hydration (TFH) and modified spraying technique (MST). A 23 factorial design was constructed to study and optimize the effects of the independent formulation variables, namely, Span type, Span: Brij 35 ratio, and sonication time on the vesicles᾽ characteristics in each preparation technique. The optimized system prepared using MST (MST 2) has shown higher desirability factor with smaller PS and higher EE%; thus, it was selected for further in vivo evaluation where it revealed that the extent of RM distribution from the intranasally administered spanlastics to the brain was comparable to that of the IV drug solution with significantly high brain-targeting efficiency (458.47%). These results suggest that the IN administration of the optimized RM-loaded spanlastics could be a promising, non-invasive alternative for the efficient delivery of RM to brain tissues to exert its pharmacological activities without being dissipated to other body organs which subsequently may result in higher pharmacological efficiency and better safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mahmoud Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Raguia Aly Shoukri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Carol Yousry
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt.
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5
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Farhoudi M, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Farjami A, Salatin S. Nanoparticle and Stem Cell Combination Therapy for the Management of Stroke. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:15-29. [PMID: 36515043 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221213113119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is currently one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, the available treatments for stroke are still extremely limited. Indeed, stem cell (SC) therapy is a new option for the treatment of stroke that could significantly expand the therapeutic time window of stroke. Some proposed mechanisms for stroke-based SC therapy are the incorporation of SCs into the host brain to replace dead or damaged cells/tissues. Moreover, acute cell delivery can inhibit apoptosis and decrease lesion size, providing immunomudolatory and neuroprotection effects. However, several major SC problems related to SCs such as homing, viability, uncontrolled differentiation, and possible immune response, have limited SC therapy. A combination of SC therapy with nanoparticles (NPs) can be a solution to address these challenges. NPs have received considerable attention in regulating and controlling the behavior of SCs because of their unique physicochemical properties. By reviewing the pathophysiology of stroke and the therapeutic benefits of SCs and NPs, we hypothesize that combined therapy will offer a promising future in the field of stroke management. In this work, we discuss recent literature in SC research combined with NP-based strategies that may have a synergistic outcome after stroke incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Farhoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Farjami
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Salatin
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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6
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Hawthorne D, Pannala A, Sandeman S, Lloyd A. Sustained and targeted delivery of hydrophilic drug compounds: A review of existing and novel technologies from bench to bedside. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Raman S, Khan AA, Mahmood S. Nose to brain delivery of selegiline loaded PLGA/lipid nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterisation and brain pharmacokinetics evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Farhoudi M, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Mahmoudi J, Farjami A, Farjami A, Mahmoudian M, Salatin S. The therapeutic benefits of intravenously administrated nanoparticles in stroke and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1985-2000. [PMID: 35676838 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220608093639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mean global lifetime risk of neurological disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) has shown a large effect on economy and society.Researchersare stillstruggling to find effective drugs to treatneurological disordersand drug delivery through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major challenge to be overcome. The BBB is a specialized multicellular barrier between the peripheral blood circulation and the neural tissue. Unique and selective features of the BBB allow it to tightly control brain homeostasis as well as the movement of ions and molecules. Failure in maintaining any of these substances causes BBB breakdown and subsequently enhances neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.BBB disruption is evident in many neurologicalconditions.Nevertheless, the majority of currently available therapies have tremendous problems for drug delivery into the impaired brain. Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery has been considered as a profound substitute to solve this problem. NPs are colloidal systems with a size range of 1-1000 nm whichcan encapsulate therapeutic payloads, improve drug passage across the BBB, and target specific brain areas in neurodegenerative/ischemic diseases. A wide variety of NPs has been displayed for the efficient brain delivery of therapeutics via intravenous administration, especially when their surfaces are coated with targeting moieties. Here, we discuss recent advances in the development of NP-based therapeutics for the treatment of stroke, PD, and AD as well as the factors affecting their efficacy after systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Farhoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Afsaneh Farjami
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sara Salatin
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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9
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Salatin S, Bazmani A, Shahi S, Naghili B, Memar MY, Dizaj SM. Antimicrobial benefits of flavonoids and their nanoformulations. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1419-1432. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220509151407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Nowadays, there is an urgent need to discover and develop long-term and effective antimicrobial and biofilm-inhibiting compounds. Employing combination therapies using novel drug delivery systems and also natural antimicrobial substances is a promising strategy in this field. Nanoparticles (NPs)-based materials have become well appreciated in recent times due to serve as antimicrobial agents or the carriers for promoting the bioavailability and effectiveness of antibiotics. Flavonoids belong to the promising groups of bioactive compounds abundantly found in fruits, vegetables, spices, and medicinal plants with strong antimicrobial features. Flavonoids and NPs have potential as alternatives to the conventional antimicrobial agents, both on their own as well as in combination. Different classes of flavonoid NPs may be particularly advantageous in handling microbial infections. The most important antimicrobial mechanisms of flavonoid NPs include oxidative stress induction, non-oxidative mechanisms, and metal ion release. However, the efficacy of flavonoid NPs against pathogens and drug-resistant pathogens changes according to their physicochemical characteristics as well as the particular structure of microbial cell wall and enzymatic composition. In this review, we provide an outlook on the antimicrobial mechanism of flavonoid-based NPs and the crucial factors that are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salatin
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Bazmani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahriar Shahi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behrooz Naghili
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yousef Memar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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10
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Development and characterization of bilayered tablets of diazepam for oral drug delivery: design, optimization and in vitro evaluation. Ther Deliv 2022; 13:221-231. [PMID: 35306880 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The oral bioavailability of drugs can be limited by their short residence time in the gastrointestinal tract. This study was performed to design bilayered floating tablets of diazepam comprising immediate-release and controlled-release layers. Methods: The tablets were prepared using sodium starch glycolate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and microcrystalline cellulose and evaluated for their characteristics. Results: The optimized formulation was found to be buoyant for 8 h on simulated gastric fluid. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M and microcrystalline cellulose sustained the release of diazepam from the controlled-release layer. The optimized formulation exhibited an extended release period of 8 h. Discussion/conclusion: It can be concluded that bilayered tablets of diazepam may extend the residence time of the drug at the site of absorption.
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11
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Development and characterization of a novel mucoadhesive sol-gel suppository of sumatriptan: design, optimization, in vitro and ex vivo evaluation for rectal drug delivery. Ther Deliv 2022; 13:95-108. [PMID: 35128946 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Sumatriptan (ST) is used for the treatment of migraine and cluster headaches. However, it exhibits low oral bioavailability (15%) due to the high first-pass metabolism. The aim of this work was to formulate an ST rectal hydrogel. Methods: Hydrogels were formulated according to a Box-Behnken design using pluronic F-127 (PF-127) and chitosan as thermogelling and mucoadhesive agents, respectively. The rectal permeability was examined using a sheep rectal mucosa. Results: Among all the formulations, the hydrogel S2 showed satisfactory drug content (4.50%), gelling temperature (32°C), pH (6.41), viscosity (105 cP) and strength (15.90 sec). Mucoadhesive strength was adequate to provide a prolonged residence time. The flux of hydrogel S2 was calculated to be 0.0003 μg/cm2.min. Conclusion: The ST hydrogel can provide a potential opportunity to overcome the first pass metabolism and reduce drug dose.
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Farjami A, Salatin S, Jafari S, Mahmoudian M, Jelvehgari M. The Factors Determining the Skin Penetration and Cellular Uptake of Nanocarriers: New Hope for Clinical Development. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:4315-4329. [PMID: 34779364 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210810091745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The skin provides a protective barrier against toxic environments and also offers a valuable route for topical drug delivery. The stratum corneum (SC) is the outermost layer of the skin and serves as the major barrier to chemical transfer through the skin. The human skin barrier is particularly difficult to overcome because of the complex composition and structure of the SC. Nanoparticulate carriers have gained widespread attention in topical drug delivery due to their tunable and versatile properties. The present review summarizes the main factors involved in skin penetration of nanocarriers containing the drug. Employment of nanotechnology in topical delivery has grown progressively during recent years; however, it is important to monitor the skin penetration of nanocarriers prior to their use to avoid possible toxic effects. Nanocarriers can act as a means to increase skin permeation of drugs by supporting direct interaction with the SC and increasing the period of permanence on the skin. Skin penetration is influenced by the physicochemical characteristics of nanocarriers such as composition, size, shape, surface chemistry, as well as skin features. Considering that the target of topical systems based on nanocarriers is the penetration of therapeutic agents in the skin layers, so a detailed understanding of the factors influencing skin permeability of nanocarriers is essential for safe and efficient therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Farjami
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Salatin
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Jafari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahmoudian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Jelvehgari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Lotfipour F, Shahi S, Farjami A, Salatin S, Mahmoudian M, Dizaj SM. Safety and Toxicity Issues of Therapeutically Used Nanoparticles from the Oral Route. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9322282. [PMID: 34746313 PMCID: PMC8570876 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9322282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The emerging science of nanotechnology sparked a research attention in its potential benefits in comparison to the conventional materials used. Oral products prepared via nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered great interest worldwide. They are used commonly to incorporate nutrients and provide antimicrobial activity. Formulation into NPs can offer opportunities for targeted drug delivery, improve drug stability in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, increase drug solubility and bioavailability, and provide sustained release in the GI tract. However, some issues like the management of toxicity and safe handling of NPs are still debated and should be well concerned before their application in oral preparations. This article will help the reader to understand safety issues of NPs in oral drug delivery and provides some recommendations to the use of NPs in the drug industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Lotfipour
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahriar Shahi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Farjami
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Salatin
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Preparation and optimization of fast disintegrating tablets of isosorbide dinitrate using lyophilization method for oral drug delivery. Ther Deliv 2021; 12:523-538. [PMID: 34098729 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2020-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Orally disintegrating tablets rapidly disintegrate in saliva and then swallowed without the need for water. Materials & methods: The orally disintegrating tablets were prepared by freeze-drying of an aqueous dispersion of isosorbide dinitrate containing a matrix former (gelatin), a cryoprotectant (mannitol), a plasticizer (glycerin) and a dissolution enhancer (Tween/polyethylene glycol). Results: Results demonstrated that the selected formulation, Ft9, disintegrated within 1 min and showed faster dissolution rate compared with the commercial tablet. Conclusion: Having a fast disintegration time, the developed lyophilized tablet does not need to be swallowed as a whole. So, it is a convenient solid oral dosage form for the patients who have difficulty with swallowing such as the pediatric and elderly ones.
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15
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Preparation and in vitro evaluation of thermosensitive and mucoadhesive hydrogels for intranasal delivery of phenobarbital sodium. Ther Deliv 2021; 12:461-475. [PMID: 34013779 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recently, intranasal administration has been suggested as a potential direct route to transport pharmaceuticals into the brain through the olfactory and trigeminal nerves, bypassing the blood-brain barrier. Materials & methods: The nasal hydrogels were prepared by a cold method using pluronic F-12 and chitosan. Results: All the selected formulations were gelled at 30°C. The gelation time varied from 5 to 10 min. The mucoadhesive strength was adequate to provide prolonged mucosal adhesion. The formulations exhibited good drug content after stability period of 3 months. The permeability studies revealed a high permeation of the drug through the surgically removed nasal tissue. Conclusion: The results suggest that the obtained hydrogels might be suitable candidates for the nasal delivery of phenobarbital sodium.
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Silva S, Almeida AJ, Vale N. Importance of Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Antiparkinsonian Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:508. [PMID: 33917696 PMCID: PMC8068059 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) affects around ten million people worldwide and is considered the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. In addition, there is a higher risk incidence in the elderly population. The main PD hallmarks include the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the development of Lewy bodies. Unfortunately, motor symptoms only start to appear when around 50-70% of dopaminergic neurons have already been lost. This particularly poses a huge challenge for early diagnosis and therapeutic effectiveness. Actually, pharmaceutical therapy is able to relief motor symptoms, but as the disease progresses motor complications and severe side-effects start to appear. In this review, we explore the research conducted so far in order to repurpose drugs for PD with the use of nanodelivery systems, alternative administration routes, and nanotheranostics. Overall, studies have demonstrated great potential for these nanosystems to target the brain, improve drug pharmacokinetic profile, and decrease side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Silva
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - António J. Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Nuno Vale
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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17
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Development and characterization of sublingual films for enhanced bioavailability of selegiline hydrochloride. Ther Deliv 2021; 12:159-174. [PMID: 33557601 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2020-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Low oral bioavailability of selegiline hydrochloride (SH) is primarily due to extensive first-pass metabolism and hence the need for an alternative pathway of administration. Herein, we report the development of sublingual SH films. The films were formulated with varying polymer composition (F1-F6) and evaluated for physicochemical characteristics, in vitro drug release and ex vivo permeation studies. The film F2 demonstrated satisfactory weight (10.60 mg), folding endurance (>200), drug content (11.44 mg/cm2), disintegration time (68 s), mucoadhesive strength (47.7 N/cm2), and controlled release for 30 min. The permeation studies exhibited a higher ex vivo sublingual flux than that of the plain drug. This study concludes that the SH film can provide a potential opportunity for sublingual drug delivery.
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18
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Expert design and optimization of a novel buccoadhesive blend film impregnated with metformin nanoparticles. Ther Deliv 2020; 11:573-590. [PMID: 32873189 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2020-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to design a metformin nanoparticles (NPs)-loaded buccoadhesive film for enhanced drug bioavailability. Materials & methods: The NPs were prepared and incorporated into a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-chitosan blend film. Three levels of a three-factor, Box-Behnken design were used to evaluate the critical formulation variables. The drug permeation was also examined using sheep buccal mucosa. Results & conclusion: The results verified the formation of spherical NPs with an average size of 177.8 ± 6.42 nm and entrapment efficiency of 78.03 ± 0.23%. The optimum conditions for nanofilms were predicted to be: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (700 mg), glycerol (50 mg) and chitosan (0.15 %w/v). The nanofilm showed a high drug permeation within 6 h. The metformin nanofilm offers an excellent opportunity for buccal drug delivery.
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19
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Agrawal M, Saraf S, Saraf S, Dubey SK, Puri A, Gupta U, Kesharwani P, Ravichandiran V, Kumar P, Naidu VGM, Murty US, Ajazuddin, Alexander A. Stimuli-responsive In situ gelling system for nose-to-brain drug delivery. J Control Release 2020; 327:235-265. [PMID: 32739524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis and treatment of neurological ailments always remain an utmost challenge for research fraternity due to the presence of BBB. The intranasal route appeared as an attractive and alternative route for brain targeting of therapeutics without the intrusion of BBB and GI exposure. This route directly and effectively delivers the therapeutics to different regions of the brain via olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways. However, shorter drug retention time and mucociliary clearance curtail the efficiency of the intranasal route. The in situ mucoadhesive gel overthrow the limitations of direct nose-to-brain delivery by not only enhancing nasal residence time but also minimizing the mucociliary clearance and enzymatic degradation. This delivery system further improves the nasal absorption as well as bioavailability of drugs in the brain. The in situ mucoadhesive gel is a controlled and sustained release system that facilitates the absorption of various proteins, peptides and other larger lipophilic and hydrophilic moieties. Owing to multiple benefits, in situ gelling system has been widely explored to target the brain via nasal route. However, very few review works are reported which explains the application of in situ nasal gel for brain delivery of CNS acting moieties. Hence, in this piece of work, we have initially discussed the global statistics of neurological disorders reported by WHO and other reputed organizations, nasal anatomy, mechanism and challenges of nose-to-brain drug delivery. The work mainly focused on the use of different stimuli-responsive polymers, specifically thermoresponsive, pH-responsive, and ion triggered systems for the development of an effective and controlled dosage form, i.e., in situ nasal gel for brain targeting of bioactives. We have also highlighted the origin, structure, nature and phase transition behavior of the smart polymers found suitable for nasal administration, including poloxamer, chitosan, EHEC, xyloglucan, Carbopol, gellan gum and DGG along with their application in the treatment of neurological disorders. The article is aimed to gather all the information of the past 10 years related to the development and application of stimuli-responsive in situ nasal gel for brain drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Agrawal
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Swarnlata Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sunil K Dubey
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anu Puri
- RNA Structure and Design Section, RNA Biology Laboratory (RBL), Center for Cancer Research, NCI-Frederick, NIH, Frederick, USA
| | - Umesh Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - V Ravichandiran
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Kolkata), Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Govt. of India, Chunilal Bhawan 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Guwahati), Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Govt. of India, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup-781101, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - V G M Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Guwahati), Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Govt. of India, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup-781101, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Guwahati), Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Govt. of India, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup-781101, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Ajazuddin
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Guwahati), Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Govt. of India, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup-781101, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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20
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Salatin S, Jelvehgari M. Desirability function approach for development of a thermosensitive and bioadhesive nanotransfersome-hydrogel hybrid system for enhanced skin bioavailability and antibacterial activity of cephalexin. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1318-1333. [PMID: 32598186 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1788068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellulitis is a common bacterial infection of the skin and soft tissues immediately beneath the skin. Despite the successful use of antibiotics in the treatment of infectious diseases, bacterial infections continue to impose significant global health challenges because of the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this work was to develop an in situ hydrogel forming system containing highly permeable cephalexin-loaded nanotransfersomes (NTs), suitable for antibacterial drug delivery. Response surface design was applied for the optimization of NTs. Cephalexin NTs were prepared using thin-film hydration method and then embedded into a 3D hydrogel network. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the optimized NTs was assayed against indicator bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The drug permeation was evaluated using an ex vivo rat skin model. The in vivo efficacy of the cephalexin NT hydrogel was also determined against rat skin infection. The resulting data verified the formation of NTs, the size of which was approximately 192 nm. The cephalexin NTs exhibited higher antibacterial activity against S. aureus as compared to the untreated drug. The NT hydrogel improved drug penetration through the skin after 8 h. When applied on the rat skin for 10 days, the cephalexin NT hydrogel exhibited superior antibacterial activity with normal hair growth and skin appearance as compared with the plain drug hydrogel. These findings suggest that the cephalexin NT-hydrogel system can serve as a valuable drug delivery platform against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salatin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Jelvehgari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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21
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Salatin S, Lotfipour F, Jelvehgari M. Preparation and characterization of a novel thermosensitive and bioadhesive cephalexin nanohydrogel: a promising platform for topical antibacterial delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:881-893. [PMID: 32441175 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1764530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impetigo is a common and highly contagious bacterial skin infection that mostly affects young children and infants. Herein, we report the development of a thermosensitive and bioadhesive in-situ hydrogel-forming system containing cephalexin-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) suitable for antibacterial drug delivery. METHODS The nanohydrogel was formulated using drug-loaded NPs and characterized by its physicochemical characteristics. Antibacterial activities of the cephalexin NPs and nanohydrogel were examined in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The ex vivo drug permeation study was performed using rat skin. Finally, this formulation was tested for in vivo antibacterial activity using superficial skin infections in rats. RESULTS The mean size and entrapment efficiency of the NPs were found to be 178 nm and 58%, respectively. The transmission electron microscopy analysis verified the formation of spherical NPs. The drug-loaded NPs showed an enhanced eradication effect against S. aureus according to the declined MIC values in comparison with the untreated drug. The ex vivo permeation profile of the cephalexin nanohydrogel showed a slow release pattern for 8 h. When applied on rat skin for 6 days, the nanohydrogel exhibited a superior antibacterial activity with normal hair growth and skin appearance as compared to the plain drug hydrogel. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that the nanohydrogel could serve as a valuable drug delivery platform against superficial bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salatin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Lotfipour
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran.,Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Jelvehgari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Alami-Milani M, Zakeri-Milani P, Valizadeh H, Fathi M, Salatin S, Salehi R, Jelvehgari M. PLA-PCL-PEG-PCL-PLA based micelles for improving the ocular permeability of dexamethasone: development, characterization, and in vitro evaluation. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 25:704-719. [PMID: 32098567 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2020.1733606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to investigate the feasibility of developing polylactide-polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone-polylactide (PLA-PCL-PEG-PCL-PLA) based micelles to improve ocular permeability of dexamethasone (DEX). PLA-PCL-PEG-PCL-PLA copolymers were synthesized by a ring-opening polymerization method. DEX was loaded into the developed copolymers. The DEX-loaded micelles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods. Cytotoxicity of the micelles obtained was investigated on L929 cell line. Cellular uptake was followed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analyses. The release behavior of DEX from the micelles as well as the drug release kinetics was studied. Corneal permeability was also evaluated using an ex vivo bovine model. The pentablock copolymers were successfully synthesized. The TEM results verified the formation of spherical micelles, the sizes of which was approximately 65 nm. The micelles exhibited suitable compatibility on L929 cells. The release profile showed an initial burst release phase followed by a sustained release phase, the kinetic of which was close to the Weibull's distribution model. The micelles showed higher corneal permeability in comparison to a marketed DEX eye drop. Taken together, the results indicated that the PLA-PCL-PEG-PCL-PLA micelles could be appropriate candidates for the ocular delivery of DEX, and probably other hydrophobic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Alami-Milani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Zakeri-Milani
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Salatin
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Jelvehgari
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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23
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Nabi B, Rehman S, Fazil M, Khan S, Baboota S, Ali J. Riluzole-loaded nanoparticles to alleviate the symptoms of neurological disorders by attenuating oxidative stress. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:471-483. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1730396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Nabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Saleha Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Fazil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Saba Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
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24
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Salatin S, Barar J, Barzegar-Jalali M, Adibkia K, Alami-Milani M, Jelvehgari M. Formulation and Evaluation of Eudragit RL-100 Nanoparticles Loaded In-Situ Forming Gel for Intranasal Delivery of Rivastigmine. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 10:20-29. [PMID: 32002358 PMCID: PMC6983984 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2020.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate (RHT) is commonly used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of this work was to formulate in-situ pluronic F-127 (PF-127) hydrogels containing Eudragit RL-100 (EU-RL) nanoparticles (NPs) in order to improve the therapeutic efficacy of RHT through the nasal route. Methods: The NPs were prepared using different polymer to drug ratios and evaluated for their physicochemical characteristics, cellular uptake and in vitro cytotoxicity against lung adenocarcinoma cells (A459). PF-127 nanoformulations were prepared via cold method and analyzed in terms of physicochemical properties and drug release profiles. The nanoformulations and plain drug gel were then assessed by ex vivo permeation studies across the sheep nasal mucosa. Results: The EU-RL NPs exhibited a particle size within the range of 118 to 154 nm and positive zeta potential values of 22.5 to 30 mV with an approximately spherical shape. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) suggested no drug to polymer interaction through the preparation of nanoformulations. The RHT-loaded NPs exhibited an acceptable cytocompatibility with a time- and dose-dependent cellular internalization. Conclusion: Our results clearly indicated the potential of nanoformulations as controlled release systems to improve the therapeutic efficacy of RHT through the intranasal administration
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salatin
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Barzegar-Jalali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Alami-Milani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Jelvehgari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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