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Polańska S, Karykowska A, Pawelec Ł. Associations between chronotype and physical activity and well-being in adults. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:521-529. [PMID: 38410867 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2321942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms influence a preference for people's time of activity and sleep time during the day and the hours of best performance. The aim of the study was to assess the associations between chronotype, physical activity, and well-being in adults aged 20-50. The chronotype, physical activity and well-being scores were determined based on the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Well-Being Index (WHO-5) questionnaire, respectively. Study data consisted of the answers of 213 respondents (including 64 men) who took part in an online survey. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient and the matrix scatter plots were used to check the correlations between the CSM score and quality of life parameters' values. General linear models (GLMs) were performed to find differences in quality-of-life parameters between different combinations of sex and chronotype. Morning types showed the highest value of well-being score (mean = 13.48) while evening types the lowest one (mean = 8.35). Evening types spent the most time sitting compared to other chronotypes. Results of this study revealed the significant effect of chronotype on well-being and physical activity among adults. These findings suggest that chronotype is an important factor that psychologists and personal trainers should take into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Polańska
- Division of Anthropology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Kożuchowska 5, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Karykowska
- Division of Anthropology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Kożuchowska 5, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Pawelec
- Division of Anthropology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Kożuchowska 5, Wrocław, Poland
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2
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Pradhan S, Parganiha A, Agashe CD, Pati AK. Circadian rhythm in sportspersons and athletic performance: A mini review. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:137-181. [PMID: 38247325 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2305663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms in the physiological and behavioral processes of humans play a crucial role in the quality of living and also in the magnitude of success and failure in various endeavors including competitive sports. The rhythmic activities of the body and performance in sportspersons do have a massive impact on their every cutthroat competition. It is essential to schedule sports activities and training of players according to their circadian typology and time of peak performance for improved performance and achievement. In this review, the focus is on circadian rhythms and diurnal variations in peak athletic performance in sportspersons. Accuracy and temporal variability in peak performance in an individual could be attributed to various factors, namely chronotype, time of the day, body temperature, jetlag, hormones, and prior light exposure. Circadian rhythm of mood, alertness, T-core, and ultimately athletic performance is not only affected by sleep but also by circadian variations in hormones, such as cortisol, testosterone, and melatonin. There are, however, a few reports that are not consistent with the conclusions drawn in this review. Nevertheless, circadian rhythm and performance among sportspersons and athletes are important areas of research. This review might be useful to the managers and policymakers associated with competitive sports and athletic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sraddha Pradhan
- School of Studies in Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
| | - Arti Parganiha
- School of Studies in Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- Center for Translational Chronobiology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
| | - C D Agashe
- School of Studies in Physical Education, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
| | - Atanu Kumar Pati
- School of Studies in Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- Center for Translational Chronobiology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- School of Comparative Indic Studies and Tribal Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences - Deemed to be a University, Bhubaneswar, India
- Odisha State Higher Education Council, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar, India
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Vidueira VF, Booth JN, Saunders DH, Sproule J, Turner AP. Circadian preference and physical and cognitive performance in adolescence: A scoping review. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1296-1331. [PMID: 37781788 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2256901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial period of development which coincides with changes in circadian rhythmicity. This may augment the impact of circadian preference on performance in this group. We aimed to scope the literature available on chronotypes and their effect on physical and mental aspects of performance in adolescents. Studies were identified by systematically searching bibliographical databases and grey literature. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was the most frequently reported tool for circadian preference assessment. Academic achievement was the most prevailing outcome, with evidence suggesting that morning type adolescents tend to outperform evening types, yet the results vary depending on multiple factors. Performance in tests of intelligence and executive functions was generally better at optimal times of the day (synchrony effect). Physical performance was examined in 8 studies, with very heterogeneous outcomes. Although the associations between circadian preference and performance in adolescents are evident in some areas, there are many factors that may be involved in the relationship and require further investigation. This review highlights the assessment of physical performance in relation to chronotypes, the multidimensional assessment of circadian preference, and the need for longitudinal studies as priorities for further research.Protocol: OSF Registration - Public registration, DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/UCA3Z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa F Vidueira
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences (ISPEHS), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Josie N Booth
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, Institute for Education, Community and Society (IECS), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David H Saunders
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences (ISPEHS), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John Sproule
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences (ISPEHS), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anthony P Turner
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences (ISPEHS), Human Performance Science Research Group, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Castelli L, Galasso L, Mulè A, Ciorciari A, Esposito F, Roveda E, Montaruli A. Physical activity and morningness: A helpful combination in improving the sleep quality of active Italian university students. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1028-1038. [PMID: 37525628 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2241906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
University students are commonly described as having worsened sleep quality, especially when inactive and Evening-type (E-type) subjects. This study aimed to examine the interactions between physical activity and chronotype on sleep quality among a sample of active Sports Science university students. In November 2019, 433 participants (mean age: 19.7 ± 1.56 years; 70% males) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Godin-Shepard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (tertiles categorisation), and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. Females and E-type slept significantly worse than males and Neither-(N-types) and Morning-types (M-types), respectively. However, there were no significant differences in sleep quality based on physical activity levels. The three-way ANOVA revealed that sleep quality in N- and E-types appeared to be independent of physical activity, whereas M-types showed an improvement in sleep classification with increased physical activity. Moderation analysis indicated that physical activity significantly moderated the relationship between chronotypes and sleep quality. Specifically, M-types demonstrated a more pronounced improvement in sleep quality with increasing physical activity compared to the other chronotypes. In conclusion, M-type university students derived the greatest benefits from physical activity in improving sleep quality. Conversely, physical activity seemed to have a limited impact on sleep quality among active E-type university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Castelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Galasso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Mulè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciorciari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana Roveda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Montaruli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'ambrogio, Milan, Italy
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Ciorciari A, Mulè A, Castelli L, Galasso L, Esposito F, Roveda E, Montaruli A. Sleep and chronotype influence aerobic performance in young soccer players. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1190956. [PMID: 37250130 PMCID: PMC10213785 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1190956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
People can be classified into three chronotypes (CT): morning-type (M-type), Neither-type (N-type) and Evening-type (E-type). M-types perform better in the morning, E-types in the evening. It seems that bad sleep worsens physical performance. The impact of sleep and CT on specific sports and populations is unclear. Therefore, we wanted to assess agility, strength and endurance in young soccer players in relation to their sleep and chronotype. 58 players (13-19 years) were recruited. Sleep and CT were assessed by questionnaires. The physical trial was performed at 8:30 a.m. and 6:00 p.m., and included three tests to determine agility, strength and endurance. The sample was classified by CT as M-types (n = 11), N-types (n = 29) and E-types (n = 18). Furthermore, they were categorized as people with Good Sleep/Wake quality (GSW, n = 28) and people with Bad Sleep/Wake quality (BSW, n = 30). Comparing the three CTs in the aerobic test, M-types performed better in the morning (p = 0.01), while E-types in the evening (p < 0.001). GSW performed better than BSW (p = 0.019) in the aerobic test in the p.m. session. These results underline the difference in aerobic power between M-and E-types during the morning and evening session; moreover, they show a difference in p.m. aerobic performance according to sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ciorciari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Mulè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Castelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Galasso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi—Sant’Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana Roveda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi—Sant’Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Montaruli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi—Sant’Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
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Lahiani M, Ben Waer F, Bouchaala F, Laatar R, Rebai H, Sahli S. Time-of-Day Effect on Postural Balance and Its Associations with Menopausal Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:5-26. [PMID: 36240107 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221133599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal women suffer from postural balance issues. During a 24-hour time span, postural performance undergoes radical changes as influenced by the circadian rhythm. In this study, we aimed to investigate time-of-day effects on postural balance in postmenopausal women and balance relationships with menopausal symptoms. Two groups of women, aged 40-50 years, participated in this study: a menopausal group and a control group. We evaluated their postural balance and menopausal symptoms (mood, sleepiness and fatigue) in five sessions over the course of a day: at 06:00 hours, at 10:00, at 14:00, at 18:00 and at 22:00. The results showed that postural balance (center of pressure area (CoParea)) values of postmenopausal women were significantly worse (p < .05) at 22:00. Moreover, at this time-of-day, participants in the menopausal group were more tired, less vigilant and experienced a lower mood. We found negative correlations between postural balance and both mood and fatigue levels. However, there was no time-of-day effect on postural balance, mood, fatigue, and sleepiness among participants in the control group. Thus, time-of-day should be considered a factor to control when assessing postural balance and designing intervention studies for postmenopausal women; and it is important for these women to be cautious of fall risks at night, as they are then less stable than at other times-of-day.
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Nicholson L, Mullan B, Liddelow C. Investigating the role of morningness/eveningness in physical activity engagement. Health Psychol Behav Med 2022; 10:1003-1019. [PMID: 36277117 PMCID: PMC9586684 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2022.2136183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Despite being aware of the positive health-related outcomes of physical activity, many people remain inactive. The aim of this study is to apply a combination of constructs from the health action process approach and self-determination theory, as well as habit and morningness/eveningness, to predict physical activity engagement. Methods A prospective design was used to collect data from 136 participants (16–64 years old), at two-time points, one week apart. The sample consisted of 99 women, 36 men and 1 individual who identified as non-binary. Participants preferred time-of-day was measured using the Morningness-Eveningness Stability Scale (MESSi), while physical activity engagement was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short-version). Two hierarchical, multiple regressions were conducted, to predict motivation to engage and to directly predict physical activity engagement. Furthermore, a mediation analysis was conducted to determine the effect of planning on physical activity engagement. Results Results showed that younger individuals and those with greater self-efficacy were more motivated to engage while planning directly predicted physical activity engagement. However, morningness/eveningness did not significantly predict engagement. Additionally, planning was found to mediate the motivation-engagement relationship. Conclusion This study demonstrates how planning influences individuals’ physical activity engagement, as well as the role self-efficacy and age play in their motivation to engage. Even though morningness/eveningness was not an important predictor, behaviour change techniques related to action planning and the use of multi-component approaches to behaviour change, could be used in interventions focused on increasing individuals’ physical activity engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Nicholson
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Barbara Mullan
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- WACPRU, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Caitlin Liddelow
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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Maheshwari D, Singla D, Malhotra D, Zutshi K. Circadian chronotypes and their effect on athletic performance: a systematic review. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00929-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nose Y, Hiromatsu C, Hanzawa F, Yumen Y, Kotani K, Nagai N. Match or mismatch between chronotype and sleep-wake cycle and their association with lean body mass gain among male high-school baseball players. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:848-857. [PMID: 35189763 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2041657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
For athletes, it is important to acquire lean body mass (LBM) involving the skeletal muscle mass during their growth periods; however, the influence of chronotype on LBM gain remains unclear. We therefore aimed to investigate whether chronotype, sleep-wake cycle on weekdays (SWC-W), and their interaction contribute to LBM gain among adolescent male athletes in a 4-month intervention study. The participants were 45 male high-school baseball players. The intervention, including exercise menu (running and muscle strength training) and nutritional education, was conducted during a 4-month period of season-off training. The chronotype, body composition, lifestyle, and dietary intake were investigated before intervention (baseline) and after 4 months. Among the participants [Morningness (n = 14), Eveningness (n = 15), Intermediate (n = 16); ME score based on the Morningness/Eveningness Scale for Children (MES-C)], the midpoint of sleep on weekdays (MSW) was calculated in the "Morningness" and "Eveningness" participants, respectively. They were divided into 4 groups based on a match/mismatch with the chronotype: Type M-match (n = 8), Type M-mismatch (n = 6), Type E-match (n = 7), and Type E-mismatch (n = 8) groups. The data were compared among the 4 groups. Moreover, multiple regression analysis was conducted using an increase (kg) LBM gain as a response variable. When comparing the data between the "Morningness" and "Eveningness" participants, there were no differences in nutrient intake, the duration of training, or each parameter of body composition (per body weight) at baseline or after 4 months. There were also no differences in the rates of change in the body weight or each parameter of body composition. In groups in which the chronotype was consistent with the SWC-W (the Type M-match and Type E-match groups), the LBM gain were slightly greater than in the Type M-mismatch and Type E-mismatch groups (Type M-match: 3.5 ± 2.0 kg, Type M-mismatch: 1.6 ± 1.7 kg, Type E-match: 3.4 ± 2.2 kg, and Type E-mismatch: 1.2 ± 1.8 kg, p = .057). Multiple regression analysis revealed that an extent of the LBM gain was associated with a match between the chronotype and SWC-W (ß = 0.37, p = .030), independent of a long duration of training (ß = 0.52, p = .004). The results suggested that training-related LBM gain is associated with interactions between the chronotype and SWC-W in adolescent male athletes.Abbreviations: LBM: Lean body mass; SWC-W: Sleep-wake cycle on weekdays; ME score: Morningness-eveningness score; MES-C: Morningness/Eveningness Scale for Children; MSW: Midpoint of sleep on weekdays; MSF: Midpoint of sleep on free days; MSFsc: Midpoint of sleep on free days corrected for sleep debt accumulated through weekdays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Nose
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Nutrition, Osaka International College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiyori Hiromatsu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Hanzawa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yukina Yumen
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Narumi Nagai
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
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Higher evening metabolic responses contribute to diurnal variation of self-paced cycling performance. Biol Sport 2022; 39:3-9. [PMID: 35173357 PMCID: PMC8805356 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.102930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effect of time of day (TOD) on physical performance, and physiological and perceptual responses to a 10-km cycling time trial (TT10km). Twelve physically trained subjects (20.3 ± 1.2 years, 74.3 ± 7.4 kg, 179.7 ± 5.5 cm) completed, in a randomized order, a TT10km in the morning and in the evening. Intra-aural temperature (IAT) was measured at rest and following the TT10km. Completion time, power output (PO), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (V̇E), oxygen uptake (V̇O2), carbon dioxide production (V̇CO2) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were assessed every km during the TT10km. Blood lactate concentration [La] and blood glucose concentration [Glu] were assessed before, during and immediately after the TT10km. Faster completion time (Δ = 15.0s, p = 0.03) and higher IAT (Δ = 0.33°C, p = 0.02 for pre-TT10km) were obtained in the evening compared to the morning with a significant correlation between Δ completion time and Δ IAT at post-TT10 km (r = -0.83, p = 0.04). V̇O2, [La] and [Glu] increased significantly during both test sessions (p < 0.001) with higher values in the evening compared to the morning (p = 0.015, p = 0.04, p = 0.01, respectively). However, the remaining parameters were found to be only affected by the TT10km (p < 0.001). The TT10km generates a higher V̇O2 and higher [La] and [Glu] responses, contributing to a better cycling performance in the evening compared to the morning. The similar magnitude of the TOD effect on completion time and IAT at post-TT10km confirms that core temperature is one of the underlying factors contributing to the diurnal variation in physical performance.
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Balcı Ö, Çalışkan M. Investigation of the relationship between chronotype, learning style and academic achievement of university students during distance education in the pandemic period. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:858-871. [PMID: 35176946 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2041658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between chronotype, learning style, and academic achievement. The study sample consisted of 1884 volunteer undergraduate students from 58 different universities across Turkey. The data were collected online during distance education because of the Covid-19 pandemic. Turkish version of Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and Big16 Learning Modality Inventory were used for data collection. The correlation between chronotype and cumulative grade point average (CGPA) scores was analyzed using Spearman's rho, and differences among the chronotypes were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test. Chi-square tests with pairwise z-test were used to analyze the relationships between the participants' learning style preferences and chronotypes. Also, ANCOVA analyses were performed to evaluate the interactions of gender × chronotype and gender × learning style on CGPA scores. The results revealed that participants' preference for visual and auditory styles differed by chronotype. Visual learning style was more dominant among morning (M) types, while auditory style was more dominant among evening (E) types. However, the most preferred learning style was visual, followed by auditory and kinesthetic styles for all chronotypes. No relationship was found between chronotype and academic achievement. The CGPA scores of the participants with kinesthetic learning style were lower than the participants with auditory and visual learning styles. The female participants had higher CGPA score than males. However, the CGPA scores did not differ for both male and female participants with different chronotype and learning style preferences. From the results, we suggest that academic achievement can be enhanced by consideration of students' learning style preferences for all chronotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgül Balcı
- School of Foreign Languages, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Muhittin Çalışkan
- Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Palucci Vieira LH, Lastella M, da Silva JP, Cesário T, Santinelli FB, Moretto GF, Santiago PRP, Barbieri FA. Low sleep quality and morningness-eveningness scale score may impair ball placement but not kicking velocity in youth academy soccer players. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2021; 6:528-538. [DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2021.2014550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz H Palucci Vieira
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), School of Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Michele Lastella
- Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - João Pedro da Silva
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), School of Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Tiago Cesário
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), School of Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Felipe B Santinelli
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), School of Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Gabriel F Moretto
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), School of Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Paulo R. P. Santiago
- LaBioCoM Biomechanics and Motor Control Laboratory, EEFERP School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP University of São Paulo, Campus Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fabio A Barbieri
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), School of Sciences, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
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Abstract
Abstract
Neurofeedback (NF) is a versatile non-invasive neuromodulation technique. In combination with motor imagery (MI), NF has considerable potential for enhancing motor performance or supplementing motor rehabilitation. However, not all users achieve reliable NF control. While research has focused on various brain signal properties and the optimisation of signal processing to solve this issue, the impact of context, i.e. the conditions in which NF motor tasks occur, is comparatively unknown. We review current research on the impact of context on MI NF and related motor domains. We identify long-term factors that act at the level of the individual or of the intervention, and short-term factors, with levels before/after and during a session. The reviewed literature indicates that context plays a significant role. We propose considering context factors as well as within-level and across-level interactions when studying MI NF.
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Ramadan Observance Is Associated with Impaired Kung-Fu-Specific Decision-Making Skills. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147340. [PMID: 34299791 PMCID: PMC8305331 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of Ramadan observance (RAM) on decision-making in Kung-Fu athletes. Fourteen male Kung-Fu athletes (mean age = 19 ± 3 years) completed two test sessions: before Ramadan (BR) and at the end of Ramadan (ER). In the afternoon of each session (between 16:00 h and 18:00 h), participants completed: Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Profile of Mood States (POMS), and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Subjects also reported subjective fatigue, alertness, and concentration. Additionally, all participants performed video-based decision-making tasks (i.e., reaction time and decision-making). Results indicated that reaction time decreased by 30% at ER vs. BR (p < 0.01). However, decision-making decreased by 9.5% at ER vs. BR (p < 0.05). PSQI results indicated sleep quality score, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency were negatively affected at ER compared to BR (p < 0.05). ESS was higher at ER compared to BR (p < 0.05). In addition, fatigue scores, estimated by the POMS and current subjective feelings (i.e., fatigue, concentration, and alertness), were also negatively affected at ER compared to BR (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Ramadan observance was associated with an adverse effect on sleep and decision making, as well as feelings of fatigue, alertness, and concentration.
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Ayala V, Martínez-Bebia M, Latorre JA, Gimenez-Blasi N, Jimenez-Casquet MJ, Conde-Pipo J, Bach-Faig A, Mariscal-Arcas M. Influence of circadian rhythms on sports performance. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1522-1536. [PMID: 34060402 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1933003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronobiology is the scientific discipline of study of biological rhythms, a term that has gained ground in the sports world. Recently numerous studies have indicated that the time of day in which sports are practiced influences the achievement of good physical performance. The aim of this review was to study the relationship between circadian rhythms and physical performance, according to the latest published data. In addition, the physiological processes involved in the physical response and the differences according to the type of sport and athletes' characteristics were studied. A bibliographic search was carried out through five databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Researcher Gate, Google Scholar, UOC Library), focusing on articles published in the last ten years and written in English and Spanish. 36 papers met the inclusion criteria. Body temperature is a factor that shows a circadian pattern with a marked peak in the later afternoon, time of the day at which physical performance is at its highest, i.e. speed, agility, distance covered, jumping power. The perception of effort is also higher in the afternoon. Regarding the chronotype, evening types seem to be the most affected to do sports out of their optimal time-of-day. The tendency shows more morning types as age increases. Training sessions should be planned according to the optimal time of day for each athlete. It's essential to take into account individual chronotype. The desynchronization of circadian rhythms can cause a decrease in physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Ayala
- Health Sciences Studies, Universitat Oberta De Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez-Bebia
- Health Sciences Studies, Universitat Oberta De Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain.,Dpt. Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Latorre
- Health Sciences Studies, Universitat Oberta De Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain.,Dpt. Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nuria Gimenez-Blasi
- Health Sciences Studies, Universitat Oberta De Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain.,School of Health Sciences, University Isabel I, Burgos, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Jimenez-Casquet
- Health Sciences Studies, Universitat Oberta De Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain.,Dpt. Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment Research Group (AGR255), Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Conde-Pipo
- Health Sciences Studies, Universitat Oberta De Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain.,Dpt. Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment Research Group (AGR255), Granada, Spain
| | - Anna Bach-Faig
- Health Sciences Studies, Universitat Oberta De Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain.,FoodLab Research Group (2017SGR 83), School of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta De Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Mariscal-Arcas
- Health Sciences Studies, Universitat Oberta De Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain.,Dpt. Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment Research Group (AGR255), Granada, Spain
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Pivovarnicek P, Kondratova D, Kentiba E, Jancokova L, Maly T. Does the chronotype distribution vary between different level football leagues? Insights gained from Czech elite football players. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1162-1169. [PMID: 33843384 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1912075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronotype refer to individuals' time-of-day preferences for activities, which can be classified as "morning types = (M-types)", "evening types = (E-types)", and "neither types (N-types)". The primary aim of this study was to compare the chronotype distribution of Czech First League (1L) and Czech National Football League (2L) male elite football players, which was divided into two secondary aims: (i) statistically identify and compare the number (presence) of particular chronotypes in 1L, and (ii) statistically identify and compare the number (presence) of particular chronotypes in 2L. The present cross-sectional study employed a self-reported standardized questionnaire, the Composite Scale of Morningness, to study the chronotype distribution among the male elite football players. The chronotype distribution of 139 (85 from 1L with mean age ± S.D. = 25.5 ± 3.7 years and 54 from 2L age = 24.4 ± 4.5 years) players was assessed. Overall, 61 (71.8%) of the participants from 1L were mainly N-types, followed by M- and E-types. Similarly, 40 (74.1%) participants from 2L were mainly N-types, followed by M- and E-types. The statistical analysis of the 1L players showed a significantly higher presence of N-types compared to M- and E-types (χ2(2) = 57.62, p < .05, V = .58). The same results were detected in 2L, where the N-type was identified in the majority of football players (χ2(2) = 57.62, p < .05, V = .58). The statistical comparison of the number of presented chronotypes did not show a significant difference (F = 3.29, p > .05, V = .16) between players of the 1L and 2L. Thus, N-types are dominant among Czech elite football players, and the chronotype distribution of male elite football players from the Czech First League and the Czech National Football League does not vary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Pivovarnicek
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic
| | - Dominika Kondratova
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic.,Department of Physical Education, Grammar School of Andrej Kmeť, Banská Štiavnica, Slovak Republic
| | - Efrem Kentiba
- Department of Sports Science, Arba Minch College of Teachers' Education, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Ludmila Jancokova
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomas Maly
- Research Sport Center, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Montaruli A, Castelli L, Mulè A, Scurati R, Esposito F, Galasso L, Roveda E. Biological Rhythm and Chronotype: New Perspectives in Health. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040487. [PMID: 33804974 PMCID: PMC8063933 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm plays a fundamental role in regulating biological functions, including sleep–wake preference, body temperature, hormonal secretion, food intake, and cognitive and physical performance. Alterations in circadian rhythm can lead to chronic disease and impaired sleep. The circadian rhythmicity in human beings is represented by a complex phenotype. Indeed, over a 24-h period, a person’s preferred time to be more active or to sleep can be expressed in the concept of morningness–eveningness. Three chronotypes are distinguished: Morning, Neither, and Evening-types. Interindividual differences in chronotypes need to be considered to reduce the negative effects of circadian disruptions on health. In the present review, we examine the bi-directional influences of the rest–activity circadian rhythm and sleep–wake cycle in chronic pathologies and disorders. We analyze the concept and the main characteristics of the three chronotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Montaruli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (F.E.); (E.R.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Castelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (F.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Antonino Mulè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (F.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Raffaele Scurati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (F.E.); (E.R.)
| | - Fabio Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (F.E.); (E.R.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Galasso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (F.E.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +2-5031-4656
| | - Eliana Roveda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (F.E.); (E.R.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
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Nishida M, Ando H, Murata Y, Shioda K. Mental rotation performance and circadian chronotype in university students: a preliminary study. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.1890366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nishida
- Faculty of Sport Science, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
- Sleep Research Institute, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ando
- Faculty of Sport Science, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murata
- Faculty of Sport Science, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kohei Shioda
- Faculty of Sport Science, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
- Sleep Research Institute, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Evansová K, Červená K, Novák O, Dudysová D, Nekovářová T, Fárková E, Fajnerová I. The effect of chronotype and time of assessment on cognitive performance. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2020.1822053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Evansová
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Červená
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Novák
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Tereza Nekovářová
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Fárková
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Fajnerová
- Applied Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany
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Hill DW, Chtourou H. The effect of time of day and chronotype on the relationships between mood state and performance in a Wingate test. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1599-1610. [PMID: 32924652 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1786394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of time-of-day and morning vs. evening chronotype on the relationships between mood state and performance of extreme intensity cycling exercise. A quasi-experimental between-groups design was used to test the hypothesis that there would be an effect of time-of-day on mood state and physical performance, that mood state and physical performance would be interrelated, and that the relationships would be influenced by participants' morning vs. evening chronotype. From 74 university students who volunteered, 7 were identified as morning types (M-types) and 7 as evening types (E-types). They completed the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire and performed a 30 s Wingate test on three different days, once at 08h00, once at 14h00, and once at 20h00. The main performance measure, work done in the Wingate test, increased across the day (16.4 ± 4.8 kJ < 17.0 ± 5.0 kJ < 17.6 ± 5.2 kJ; p < .01). For the M-types, individual changes in performance from the morning to the afternoon were correlated with individual changes in the POMS score for vigor (r = 0.81; p = .03) and changes in performance from the afternoon to the evening were correlated with individual changes in fatigue (r = - 0.85, p = .02). For the E-types, the opposite was true, as morning-to-afternoon changes in performance were correlated with individual changes in fatigue (r = - 0.70, p = .08) and afternoon-to-evening changes in performance were correlated with individual changes in vigor (r = 0.78, p = .04). Results demonstrate a time-of-day effect on morning vs. evening chronotype-dependent relationships between mood state and cycling performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Hill
- Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion, and Recreation, University of North Texas , Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Activité Physique, Sport, et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport , Tunis, Tunisia.,Institut Supérieur du Sport et de l'éducation Physique de Sfax, Université de Sfax , Sfax, Tunisie
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21
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Functional training program: the impact on depression, anxiety and sleep quality in adolescents. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00679-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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