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Brown KL, Bettencourt AF, Hines AL, Cooper LA, Gudzune KA. Association Between Maladaptive Eating Behaviors Among Black Women and Vicarious Racial Discrimination Following a High-Profile Event. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-01994-2. [PMID: 38578573 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-01994-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence suggests that racial discrimination causes stress among non-Hispanic Black women, and some Black women may cope with exposure to vicarious racial discrimination by engaging in maladaptive eating behaviors. METHODS We examined eating behaviors among Black women (N = 254) before and after Freddie Gray's death while in police custody. Maladaptive eating behaviors were assessed using the three-factor eating questionnaire. Our independent variables included the following: (1) time period and (2) geographic proximity to the event. Three two-way analysis of covariance tests were conducted to assess potential effects of geographic proximity (close, distant), time period in relation to unrest (before, after unrest), and their interaction on emotional eating, uncontrolled eating, and cognitive restraint controlling for participant age. RESULTS There was a statistically significant main effect of proximity to the unrest on emotional eating, F (1, 252) = 5.64, p = .018, and partial η2 = .022 such that women living in close geographic proximity to the unrest reported higher mean levels of emotional eating as compared to those living more distant to the unrest. There was also a borderline statistically significant interaction between geographic proximity and time period on cognitive restraint, F (1, 252) = 3.89, p = .050, and partial η2 = .015. CONCLUSION Our study found a relationship between vicarious racial discrimination and maladaptive eating behaviors among Black women. Future work should examine stress related to vicarious racial discrimination and maladaptive eating behaviors longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristal Lyn Brown
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Amie F Bettencourt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anika L Hines
- Department of Health Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Population Health, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Lisa A Cooper
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kimberly A Gudzune
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Radtke MD, Steinberg FM, Scherr RE. Methods for Assessing Health Outcomes Associated with Food Insecurity in the United States College Student Population: A Narrative Review. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100131. [PMID: 37865221 PMCID: PMC10831897 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In the United States, college students experience disproportionate food insecurity (FI) rates compared to the national prevalence. The experience of acute and chronic FI has been associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes in this population. This narrative review aims to summarize the current methodologies for assessing health outcomes associated with the experience of FI in college students in the United States. To date, assessing the health outcomes of FI has predominately consisted of subjective assessments, such as self-reported measures of dietary intake, perceived health status, stress, depression, anxiety, and sleep behaviors. This review, along with the emergence of FI as an international public health concern, establishes the need for novel, innovative, and objective biomarkers to evaluate the short- and long-term impacts of FI on physical and mental health outcomes in college students. The inclusion of objective biomarkers will further elucidate the relationship between FI and a multitude of health outcomes to better inform strategies for reducing the pervasiveness of FI in the United States college student population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela D Radtke
- Propel Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA 94305
| | | | - Rachel E Scherr
- Family, Interiors, Nutrition & Apparel Department, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, USA, 94132; Scherr Nutrition Science Consulting, San Francisco, CA, 94115.
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Zerón-Rugerio MF, Doblas-Faxeda S, Diez-Hernández M, Izquierdo-Pulido M. Are Emotional Eating and Other Eating Behaviors the Missing Link in the Relationship between Inadequate Sleep and Obesity? A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102286. [PMID: 37242168 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence is emerging to explain that the relationship between inadequate sleep and obesity could be influenced by emotional eating and other eating behaviors such as disinhibition. Therefore, our aim was to conduct a systematic review to analyze the potential role of emotional eating and other eating behaviors in the relationship between inadequate sleep and obesity. We conducted a comprehensive search on 2 databases (Medline and Scopus) looking for records from 1 January 2011 until 31 December 2022 without language restrictions. Cross-sectional, longitudinal, and interventional studies were included if they assessed the association between sleep and emotional eating, as well as the role of emotional eating on the relationship between inadequate sleep and obesity. Secondary outcomes included studies analyzing the link between sleep and other eating behaviors as well as their role in the sleep-obesity relationship. Our results showed that emotional eating and disinhibition play a significant role in the relationship between inadequate sleep and obesity, especially in women. Furthermore, we provide evidence of other eating behaviors (e.g., external eating, eating competence, and hunger), which are also associated with poor sleep outcomes. However, these behaviors do not seem to be determinants of the association between sleep and obesity. In conclusion, our results suggest that individuals with inadequate sleep who are prone to emotional eating and/or disinhibition may require tailored approaches for obesity prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Fundamental and Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Doblas-Faxeda
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Diez-Hernández
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
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Examining the relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea and eating behaviours and attitudes: A systematic review. Appetite 2023; 181:106390. [PMID: 36423746 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Between 60 and 90% of adults with OSA are reported as overweight. The co-existence of obesity and OSA can greatly increase an individual's risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. To better understand this relationship between OSA and weight, this review aimed to investigate if there is evidence of certain eating behaviours or eating attitudes that might be found in adults living with OSA. METHODS We searched four databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo and Web of Science) on January 17th, 2022, to identify studies assessing the association between eating patterns and OSA in adults. Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. A narrative synthesis was conducted on the included studies, following the vote-counting method. RESULTS There is preliminary evidence that the time of day when calories are consumed is associated with lower OSA severity. No other clear patterns of eating behaviours or attitudes were identified however this may be due to disparity within research studies and their reported results. CONCLUSION Further research is needed to examine the relationship between eating times and OSA severity. We recommend standardising the approach to examining the eating patterns of those living with OSA and the relationship that this might have on OSA symptoms as well as looking at attitudes towards food in this population. This may prove helpful in providing a better understanding of the relationship between OSA and persons with overweight and help in future intervention development.
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Mazloomi SN, Talebi S, Kazemi M, Ghoreishy SM, Moosavian SP, Amirian P, Mohammadi H, Nouri-Majd S, Marx W, Hojjati Kermani MA, Moradi S. Food insecurity is associated with the sleep quality and quantity in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr 2022; 26:1-11. [PMID: 36416108 PMCID: PMC10131157 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022002488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated associations between food insecurity (FI) and the quality and quantity of sleep in adults (≥18 years). DESIGN The current study represented a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. SETTING Databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science were searched from inception until 6 June 2022. Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models, and effect sizes were reported as OR and 95 % CI. PARTICIPANTS Data from ten eligible observational studies, including 83 764 participants, were included. RESULTS FI was associated with an increased risk of poor sleep quality (OR = 1·45; 95 % CI (1·24, 1·70), I2 = 95, P < 0·001, n 7). Besides, subgroup analysis showed increased risk of poor sleep quality corresponding to the severity of FI across mild (OR = 1·31; 95 % CI (1·16, 1·48), I2 = 0 %, P < 0·001, n 5), moderate (OR = 1·49; 95 % CI (1·32, 1·68), I2 = 0 %, P < 0·001, n 5) and severe (OR = 1·89; 95 % CI (1·63, 2·20), I2 = 0 %, P < 0·001, n 5) levels. Similarly, subgroup analysis by sleep problems showed that FI was associated with an increased the risk of trouble falling asleep (OR = 1·39; 95 % CI (1·05, 1·83), I2 = 91 %, P = 0·002, n 3) and trouble staying asleep (OR = 1·91; 95 % CI (1·37, 2·67), I2 = 89 %, P < 0·001, n 3). Moreover, FI was associated with the odds of shorter (OR = 1·14; 95 % CI (1·07, 1·21), I2 = 0 %, P < 0·001, n 4) and longer sleep duration (OR = 1·14; 95 % CI (1·03, 1·26), I2 = 0 %, P = 0·010, n 4). CONCLUSIONS Collective evidence supports that FI is associated with poor sleep quality and quantity in adults. Preventative and management strategies that address FI may provide health benefits beyond improving nutritional status per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyadeh Narges Mazloomi
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Food and Drug Administration, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sepide Talebi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Kazemi
- Hilda and J. Lester Gabrilove Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Parisa Moosavian
- Department of Community Nutrition, Vice-Chancellery for Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parsa Amirian
- General Practitioner, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Nouri-Majd
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Hojjati Kermani
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Moradi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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DeLauer V, McGill-O'Rourke A, Hayes T, Haluch A, Gordon C, Crane J, Kossakowski D, Dillon C, Thibeault N, Schofield D. The Impact of Natural Environments and Biophilic Design as Supportive and Nurturing Spaces on a Residential College Campus. COGENT SOCIAL SCIENCES 2022; 8:2000570. [PMID: 35785135 PMCID: PMC9248534 DOI: 10.1080/23311886.2021.2000570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
With so many college students experiencing disengagement, the physical design of a college and the connection to its natural surroundings has the potential for profound change. Natural environments, even viewing pictures of them, have the potential to positively impact parasympathetic nervous systems, increase cognitive functioning, and improve attention. This study investigated college student perceptions of their personal well-being with attention to coping, self-esteem, and physical health in a residential academic setting in the northeastern United States. Female students reported less resiliency, lower self-esteem, and a decreased ability to choose positive health behaviors than male students. Findings point to the potential for the built environment on a college campus to be designed with biophilic elements to support and nurture students all year long.
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Zerón-Rugerio MF, Hernáez Á, Cambras T, Izquierdo-Pulido M. Emotional eating and cognitive restraint mediate the association between sleep quality and BMI in young adults. Appetite 2021; 170:105899. [PMID: 34968561 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study was designed to investigate whether diet quality and eating behaviors could mediate the association between sleep quality and body mass index (BMI) in young adults. For all participants (n = 925; aged 21.4 ± 2.5 years; 77.8% women) we evaluated: BMI, sleep quality, diet quality, and eating behavior dimensions (emotional eating, cognitive restraint, and uncontrolled eating). Linear regression models were used to test associations between exposure and outcome variables. Path analysis was conducted with all potential mediators and covariates entered at the same time. Results showed that emotional eating (β = 0.04 [95% CI: 0.03; 0.06]), cognitive restraint (β = 0.03 [95% CI: 0.01; 0.04]), uncontrolled eating (β = 0.02 [95% CI: 0.01; 0.04]) and diet quality (β = -0.14 [95% CI: 0.19;-0.08]) were significantly associated with sleep quality. Additionally, BMI was significantly associated with PSQI score (β = 0.09 [95% CI: 0.01; 0.17]), emotional eating (β = 0.89 [95% CI: 0.60; 1.18]), and cognitive restraint (β = 1.37 [95% CI: 1.02; 1.71]). After testing for mediation, results revealed that emotional eating and cognitive restraint evidenced a significant mediating effect on the association between sleep quality and BMI. Additionally, diet quality was significantly associated with emotional eating (β = -0.35 [95% CI: 0.56;-0.13]), cognitive restraint (β = 0.53 [95% CI: 0.27; 0.79]), and uncontrolled eating (β = -0.49 [95% CI: 0.74;-0.25]). In conclusion, young adults with poor sleep quality are more likely to deal with negative emotions with food, which, in turn, could be associated with higher cognitive restraint, becoming a vicious cycle that has a negative impact on body weight. Our results also emphasize the role of eating behaviors as determinants of diet quality, highlighting the importance of considering sleep quality and eating behaviors when designing obesity prevention strategies in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Campus de l'Alimentació Torribera, University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, 08921, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain; INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, 08921, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Hernáez
- Center for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Marcus Thranes Gate 2, 0473, Oslo, Norway; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Carrer de Padilla, 326, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trinitat Cambras
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Av. de Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Campus de l'Alimentació Torribera, University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, 08921, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain; INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, 08921, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ramírez-Contreras C, Farrán-Codina A, Izquierdo-Pulido M, Zerón-Rugerio MF. A higher dietary restraint is associated with higher BMI: a cross-sectional study in college students. Physiol Behav 2021; 240:113536. [PMID: 34303713 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND College students tend to have eating and lifestyle habits that can lead to weight gain. Paradoxically, weight gain could also lead to calorie restriction, a practice that is common among those who are concerned about their body weight. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the association between habits related to overweight and obesity and dietary intake, physical activity, and BMI among college students. METHODOLOGY One hundred ninety-two participants (18-26 years; 75% female) were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed the 'habits related to overweight and obesity questionnaire' which evaluates five dimensions: the concern about caloric intake, healthy eating, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and eating for psychological well-being. Additionally, anthropometric parameters, dietary intake, and physical activity were evaluated. Linear regression models were used to examine the associations between outcome and exposure variables. RESULTS Higher concern about caloric intake was associated with higher BMI (1.05 kg/m2 [95%CI: 0.58, 1.51]), but lower energy (-312.2 kcal/day [95%CI: -404.6, -219.8]) and fat intake (-1.88% [95%CI: -2.94, -0.83]). Furthermore, healthy eating was related to better diet quality 0.96 [95%CI: 0.47,1.44] and lower energy intake (-231.4 kcal/day [95%CI: -367.7, -95.2]). Meanwhile, higher scores in the physical activity dimension were associated with better diet quality (0.41 [95%CI: 0.16,0.66]). CONCLUSIONS College students with the highest dietary restraint had the greatest BMI and the lowest energy and fat intake. Our results highlight the importance of promoting healthy behaviors among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Ramírez-Contreras
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreu Farrán-Codina
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
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Yu Y, Ma Q, Fernandez ID, Groth SW. Mental Health, Behavior Change Skills, and Eating Behaviors in Postpartum Women. West J Nurs Res 2021; 44:932-945. [PMID: 34088249 DOI: 10.1177/01939459211021625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Excessive postpartum weight retention conveys risks for future metabolic diseases. Eating behaviors influence postpartum weight retention; however, the modifiable predictors of eating behaviors remain unclear. Using data from a three-arm, randomized controlled trial, the purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal associations of mental health (e.g., depressive symptoms) and behavior change skills (e.g., self-efficacy) with eating behaviors (i.e., compensatory restraint, routine restraint, emotional eating, and external eating) among women (N = 424) over 18-months postpartum. Results revealed that depressive symptoms, perceived stress, healthy eating self-efficacy, overeating self-efficacy, self-weighing, and problem-solving confidence were associated with one or more of the examined eating behaviors. Furthermore, depressive symptoms moderated the association between healthy eating self-efficacy and routine restraint. Perceived stress moderated the associations between healthy eating/overeating self-efficacy and emotional eating. The findings suggest that mental health and behavior change skills may serve as targets for interventions designed to improve postpartum women's eating behaviors.Clinical trials registry:ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT01331564.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Qianheng Ma
- School of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Susan W Groth
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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