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Homaie Rad E, Hajizadeh M, Rajabpour M, Mohtasham‐Amiri Z, Rahbar‐Taramsari M, Bahador F, Esmaeili Shoja E. Preferences of Iranian medical students for selecting the compulsory service plan packages: A discrete choice experiment. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2213. [PMID: 38933426 PMCID: PMC11199194 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Health policymakers face challenges in designing compulsory plan packages for medical students to encourage them to work in disadvantaged regions. Using a discrete choice experiment, this study assessed the preferences of medical students for selecting the compulsory service plan packages in Guilan Province, Iran. Methods In total, 374 medical students responded to a survey inquiring about salary, distance from their residency city, availability of welfare amenities, work difficulty, the developmental status of their workplace, contract duration, and preference for urban or rural work settings. Results The study revealed that students favor a compulsory service package that provides higher salaries and shorter contract duration. They also show a preference for working within their home province over other factors. For the opportunity to serve in their city of residence, they would forgo an average of US$77.93 per month. Conclusion While financial incentives were the primary consideration for medical students when choosing compulsory service packages, a range of nonfinancial factors significantly influenced their decisions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enayatollah Homaie Rad
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Trauma InstituteGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Mohamad Hajizadeh
- Canada Research Chair in Health Economics, School of Health Administration, Faculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxCanada
| | - Mohammad Rajabpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Trauma InstituteGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Zahra Mohtasham‐Amiri
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Trauma InstituteGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Morteza Rahbar‐Taramsari
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Trauma InstituteGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Faezeh Bahador
- Unit of International affairsShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ehsan Esmaeili Shoja
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Trauma InstituteGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
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Shaabani N, Parvizi MM, Bagheri Z, Saki N, Shahsavar Z, Heydarirad G, Tansaz M. Psychometric properties of a Persian version of the Vulvovaginal Symptoms Questionnaire for measuring vulvovaginal symptoms in postmenopausal women. Menopause 2023; 30:323-328. [PMID: 36598249 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vulvovaginal symptoms are common in postmenopausal women and can affect their quality of life and sexual function. Using a sample of postmenopausal Iranian women, we evaluated a Persian translation of the Vulvovaginal Symptoms Questionnaire (VSQ). METHODS This study included 201 postmenopausal Iranian women referred to dermatology and gynecology clinics affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. We translated the VSQ to the Persian language using the forward-backward method. We examined the questionnaire's internal consistency using Cronbach α coefficient and evaluated its construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. RESULTS A Cronbach α coefficient of 0.763 confirmed the overall internal consistency of the Persian VSQ. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that except for three items in the symptoms subscale, others had sufficient α coefficients, although some did not load on the expected subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the appropriate allocation of all but two items to the expected subscales. An intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.89 confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS Although some parts of the Persian VSQ were unsatisfactory, most were appropriate for assessing vulvovaginal symptoms in postmenopausal Iranian women. We recommend further cultural adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Shaabani
- From the Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Bagheri
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Saki
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Shahsavar
- Department of English Language, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Heydarirad
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Tansaz
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding child maltreatment amongst Iranian medical students through internship course: an 18-month longitudinal study. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2023; 24:37. [PMID: 36717772 PMCID: PMC9886537 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-01988-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child maltreatment has been a major worldwide problem and has remained a persistent public health challenge in all countries. Physicians have a significant role in the prevention and intervention of child maltreatment. An educated physician that can effectively identify and report child maltreatment can fill one of the most significant gaps in reducing child abuse. This study was performed to examine the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding child maltreatment among Iranian medical students through an internship course. METHOD All the medical students (235 students) of the Iran University of Medical Sciences who passed the internship entrance exam in the 2019-2020 academic year participated in this study. The participants completed a 49-item scale questionnaire built by combining three other validated questionnaires that evaluate their attitude, knowledge, and practice skills in the first month of their internship course and then completed the same questionnaire 18 months later, at the end-point of the internship period. RESULTS One-hundred thirty nine (59.1%) participants were female, and 96 (40.9%) were male. The mean age of the subjects was 24.35 ± 0.76. Only 7 (3%) of them formerly received any education about child maltreatment. There was a significant improvement in scores of the knowledge of prevention (p-value = 0.001), the practice of prevention (p-value < 0.001) and the general subscale of the practice section (p-value < 0.001) during the internship course. However, the performance of participants decreased significantly in the subscales of the attitude towards diagnosis (p-value = 0.001) and the attitude towards reporting (p-value < 0.001) of child maltreatment. At the end of the study, the result of graduated physicians was: The total knowledge and attitude of participants were satisfactory, and the majority were at reasonable levels. Although in the practice subscale, 70.6% of the participants didn't identify, 84.7% didn't refer, and 86.4% didn't report a child abuse case in the past year. CONCLUSION The knowledge and attitude of Iranian physicians regarding child maltreatment are at a satisfactory level. Although, the practice level has deficiencies. In addition, our findings show that Iranian interns have a shallow experience regarding child maltreatment, particularly despite the higher scores in attitude and knowledge, which can be the reason for deficiencies in the practice level.
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Soraya S, Rashedi V, Saeidi M, Hashemi P, Hadi F, Ahmadkhaniha H, Shalbafan M. Comparison of Online Sexual Activity Among Iranian Individuals With and Without Substance Use Disorder: A Case-Control Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:889528. [PMID: 35935427 PMCID: PMC9353021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.889528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The most important practical concerns in addiction medicine are the non-substance addiction and related addictive behaviors among individuals with substance use disorder. On the other hand, technological advances, and easy access have increased the frequency of online sexual activities (OSAs) as one of these behaviors. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of OSAs, based on the Internet Sex Screening Test (ISST) scores, among 60 patients with substance use disorder referred to Iran Psychiatric Hospital and 60 non-dependent individuals. The results showed significant negative correlations between the ISST scores and age, age at the onset of substance use, and substance use duration. There was a significant difference between the ISST scores of the case and control groups (P = 0.001). Patients who start using substances at an early age and have a great duration of substance use are more likely to engage in other addictive behaviors such as OSAs. Therefore, it is critical to consider OSAs and other addictive behaviors in patients with substance use disorder to provide better care for this vulnerable community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Soraya
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Rashedi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Saeidi
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooria Hashemi
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Ahmadkhaniha
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Shalbafan
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mirhaj Mohammadabadi MS, Mohammadsadeghi H, Eftekhar Adrebili M, Partovi Kolour Z, Kashaninasab F, Rashedi V, Shalbafan M. Factors associated with pharmacological and psychotherapy treatments adherence in patients with borderline personality disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1056050. [PMID: 36582255 PMCID: PMC9793988 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1056050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Borderline personality disorder is a major mental illness characterized by sustained relationship instability, impulsive behavior, and intense affects. Adherence is a complex behavior, from minor refusals to abandonment of treatment, which can be affected by various factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting pharmacological and psychotherapy adherence, patients' attitude toward medication, and assessing medication and treatment adherence in patients with borderline personality disorder referred to an outpatient referral clinic in Tehran, Iran. METHODS The study was a cross-sectional study. The files of patients with borderline personality disorder referred to the outpatient clinic of the Tehran Psychiatric Institute were reviewed as the first step. Data were collected using the Drug Attitude Inventory-10 (DAI-10) questionnaire and a questionnaire to determine the attitude of patients toward pharmacological and psychotherapy treatment as well as therapeutic adherence. After collecting data, patients' therapeutic adherence was divided into poor, partial, and good compliance. RESULTS Ninety-four patients were involved in the study, and fifty-four were women. Findings of DAI showed that 54 (57.4%) participants had negative attitudes toward medication, while 38 (40.4%) participants showed a negative attitude toward psychotherapy treatment. Additionally, the percentage of patients with good psychotherapy adherence (44.7%) was higher than that of patients with good medication adherence (31.9%). The most common reasons for discontinuation of treatment were medication side effects (53.1%), dissatisfaction with the therapist (40.3%), and then fear of medication dependence (40%). Patients with higher education levels and a positive history of hospitalization in a psychiatric ward had better adherence to psychotherapy (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Results of the current study show that attitude toward psychotherapy is more favorable than pharmacotherapy among patients with BPD. The rationale may be that medications are mainly prescribed for comorbid conditions and do not have substantial effects on the BPD symptoms, resulting in low medication adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahareh Sadat Mirhaj Mohammadabadi
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Mohammadsadeghi
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Eftekhar Adrebili
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Partovi Kolour
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kashaninasab
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Rashedi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Shalbafan
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Eissazade N, Hemmati D, Ahlzadeh N, Shalbafan M, Askari-Diarjani A, Mohammadsadeghi H, Pinto da Costa M. Attitude towards migration of psychiatric trainees and early career psychiatrists in Iran. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:502. [PMID: 34551745 PMCID: PMC8459496 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Migration of medical professionals has been rapidly increasing in the past decades and it strongly affects origin and destination countries. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the extent and the reasons of migration among psychiatric trainees and early career psychiatrists in Iran. METHODS Our semi-structured 61-items questionnaire inquired participants' demographics, experiences of short-term mobility (from 3 months to 1 year), long-term migration (more than 1 year) and attitudes towards migration (current and future plans). RESULTS A total of 184 responses were received. Most (73.4 %) participants were female, and within the age range of 25-65 (Mean: 34.9). Only 15.2 % had a short-term mobility experience, mostly due to academic reasons (35.7 %). Most (75 %) stated that this short-term mobility experience influenced them in favor of migration. The majority (83.7 %) had 'ever' considered leaving Iran, and more than half (57.3 %) stated they 'strongly agree' or 'agree' to leaving the country 'now' (at the time of the study). The main reason to migrate from Iran was first political, followed by work, financial, social, religious, academic, and cultural reasons, and the least ranked were personal reasons. In relation to their 5-year plans, 67.3 % saw themselves in the country they currently live in, Iran. The main features reported for an attractive job were 'pleasant work environment' (97.3 %), 'good welfare and social security' (96.7 %) and 'high salary '(96.2 %). CONCLUSIONS This study calls for more support of psychiatric trainees and early career psychiatrists in Iran. Improvements in the political context, work conditions and finances might lower the rate of migratory intention and brain drain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Eissazade
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dina Hemmati
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Ahlzadeh
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Shalbafan
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Adeleh Askari-Diarjani
- Clinical Research Development Unit, 22 Bahman Hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Homa Mohammadsadeghi
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mariana Pinto da Costa
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Eissazade N, Shalbafan M, Eftekhar Ardebili M, Pinto da Costa M. Psychotherapy training in Iran: A survey of Iranian early career psychiatrists and psychiatric trainees. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2021; 13:e12434. [PMID: 33142368 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychiatry's postgraduate training curriculum in Iran has been revised and one of the core revisions has been the incorporation of full-time 9-months of psychotherapy training. However, little is known about psychotherapy training in Iran. METHODS An online anonymous survey was developed by the Early Career Psychiatrists (ECP) Section of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA). The survey included 16 questions about the: (a) quality of psychotherapy training (supervision, type of psychotherapy training available, barriers in accessing training); (b) organizational aspects of psychotherapy training (compulsoriness, payment, and assessment); (c) satisfaction with training in psychotherapy; (d) self-confidence in the use of psychotherapy. This survey was circulated to Iranian early career psychiatrists and psychiatric trainees. RESULTS 112 early career psychiatrists and psychiatric trainees from across Iran responded to the survey; 98.2% of which stated that psychotherapy training is included in their psychiatry training, and cognitive behavioral therapy and psychodynamic psychotherapy were the most reported modalities integrated into their psychiatric training. Moreover, 43.3% of the participants reported that they were satisfied or very satisfied with their psychotherapy training during the training years. DISCUSSION Psychotherapy is integrated into psychiatric training programs in most educational centers in Iran. The modalities and satisfaction of trainees are similar to that of high-income countries in other continents. Supervision and training in modalities like family therapy could be further implemented and adapted to the Iranian culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Eissazade
- Students' Research Committee, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Shalbafan
- Mental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Eftekhar Ardebili
- Mental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mariana Pinto da Costa
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, UK.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Porto, Portugal
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