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Zeyrek-Rios EY, Canter DV, Youngs D. Offense Narrative Roles of Turkish Offenders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2022; 66:1237-1262. [PMID: 33926308 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x211010285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study of offense narratives emphasizes the agency of the offender which brings psychology closer to law. As an effort to create a standardized and quantitative method to evaluate offender narratives, Youngs and Canter developed the Narrative Roles Questionnaire (NRQ) based on the content analyses of the crime narratives of offenders in UK prisons. The current study aims to investigate the applicability of offense narrative roles framework among Turkish offenders. The application of the offense narrative roles model to a non-Western country is the first step toward the acceptance of criminal narrative theory as a universal explanation of criminal behavior. A translation of the NRQ was administered to 468 Turkish male inmates who have committed a wide range of offenses from fraud to murder. The results of an MDS analysis yielded four roles, namely Professional, Revenger, Hero, and Victim, echoing the original formulation proposed by Youngs and Canter. The reliability coefficients of scales derived for these roles were all at desired levels. The results support the applicability of the NRQ framework in a non-English context.
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Suicidal Ideation among University Students: A Moderated Mediation Model Considering Attachment, Personality, and Sex. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106167. [PMID: 35627705 PMCID: PMC9141600 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the link between attachment, personality traits, and suicidal ideation with consideration of the potential moderating role of age and sex. The Suicidal History Self-Rating Screening Scale, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Brief Form, and the Attachment Style Questionnaire were administered to 183 students. There was a significant indirect effect of need for approval on suicidal ideation via detachment. Moreover, the moderated mediation models of need for approval and preoccupation with relationships on suicidality via negative affectivity were significant in men, but not women, whereas the moderated mediation model of need for approval on suicidality via detachment was significant in women, but not men. Young men and women seem at risk for increased suicidal ideation based on specific attachment and personality characteristics, which should be considered for the development of prevention and therapeutic interventions.
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3
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Lew B, Lester D, Kõlves K, Yip PSF, Chen YY, Chen WS, Hasan MT, Koenig HG, Wang ZZ, Fariduddin MN, Zeyrek-Rios EY, Chan CMH, Mustapha F, Fitriana M, Dolo H, Gönültaş BM, Dadfar M, Davoudi M, Abdel-Khalek AM, Chan LF, Siau CS, Ibrahim N. An analysis of age-standardized suicide rates in Muslim-majority countries in 2000-2019. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:882. [PMID: 35509027 PMCID: PMC9066769 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines the 20-year trend of suicide in 46 Muslim-majority countries throughout the world and compares their suicide rates and trends with the global average. Ecological-level associations between the proportion of the Muslim population, the age-standardized suicide rates, male-to-female suicide rate ratio, and the Human Development Index (HDI) in 2019 were examined. METHODS Age-standardized suicide rates were extracted from the WHO Global Health Estimates database for the period between 2000 and 2019. The rates in each country were compared with the age-standardized global average during the past 20 years. The countries were further grouped according to their regions/sub-regions to calculate the regional and sub-regional weighted age-standardized suicide rates involving Muslim-majority countries. Correlation analyses were conducted between the proportion of Muslims, age-standardized suicide rate, male: female suicide rate ratio, and the HDI in all countries. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the age-standardized suicide rates in 2000-2019. RESULTS The 46 countries retained for analysis included an estimated 1.39 billion Muslims from a total worldwide Muslim population of 1.57 billion. Of these countries, eleven (23.9%) had an age-standardized suicide rate above the global average in 2019. In terms of regional/sub-regional suicide rates, Muslim-majority countries in the Sub-Saharan region recorded the highest weighted average age-standardized suicide rate of 10.02/100,000 population, and Southeastern Asia recorded the lowest rate (2.58/100,000 population). There were significant correlations between the Muslim population proportion and male-to-female rate ratios (r=-0.324, p=0.028), HDI index and age-standardized suicide rates (r=-0.506, p<0.001), and HDI index and male-to-female rate ratios (r=0.503, p<0.001) in 2019. Joinpoint analysis revealed that seven Muslim-majority countries (15.2%) recorded an increase in the average annual percentage change regarding age-standardized suicide rates during 2000-2019. CONCLUSIONS Most Muslim-majority countries had lower age-standardized suicide rates than the global average, which might reflect religious belief and practice or due to Muslim laws in their judicial and social structure which may lead to underreporting. This finding needs further in-depth country and region-specific study with regard to its implication for public policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob Lew
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Lester
- Stockton University, Galloway, New Jersey, United States
| | - Kairi Kõlves
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul S F Yip
- Hong Kong Jockey Club Center for Suicide Research and Prevention, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying-Yeh Chen
- Taipei City Psychiatric Centre, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Won Sun Chen
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Tasdik Hasan
- Jeeon Bangladesh Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhi Zhong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health at Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhamad Nur Fariduddin
- Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | | | - Caryn Mei Hsien Chan
- Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Feisul Mustapha
- Non-Communicable Diseases Section, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Mimi Fitriana
- Department of Psychology, International University of Malaya-Wales, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Housseini Dolo
- Filariasis Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Burak M Gönültaş
- Social Work Department., Faculty of Letters, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mahboubeh Dadfar
- Department of Addiction, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Davoudi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmed M Abdel-Khalek
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lai Fong Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ching Sin Siau
- Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Norhayati Ibrahim
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-Care), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Institute of Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
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4
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Turton H, Berry K, Danquah A, Green J, Pratt D. An investigation of whether emotion regulation mediates the relationship between attachment insecurity and suicidal ideation and behaviour. Clin Psychol Psychother 2022; 29:1587-1598. [PMID: 35297124 PMCID: PMC9790629 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to examine relationships between attachment insecurity and suicidal ideation and behaviour. Secondary aims were to explore the mediating role of emotion dysregulation and the moderating role of betrayal trauma in explaining hypothesised relationships. METHOD Sixty-five participants with experience of suicidal ideation completed questionnaire measures assessing attachment security, suicide ideation, emotion regulation, betrayal trauma, depressive symptoms and hopelessness. RESULTS A direct relationship was found between avoidant attachment and suicide ideation after controlling for age and gender. Multiple suicide attempters had higher anxious attachment. Anxious and avoidant attachment, suicide ideation and betrayal trauma were associated with emotion dysregulation. The relationship between attachment insecurity and suicide ideation was not mediated by emotion dysregulation. In the mediation model, only anxious attachment remained a significant predictor of emotion regulation and there was no significant effect of emotion regulation nor betrayal trauma, on suicide ideation. CONCLUSION Suicidal individuals may benefit from therapeutic intervention that explores attachment-related difficulties and therapies such as dialectical behavioural therapy, which support skills in emotional regulation. Future longitudinal research should identify other important mediators of the association between attachment and suicidality to develop more targeted psychological interventions for suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Turton
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| | - Katherine Berry
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC)ManchesterUK
| | - Adam Danquah
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC)ManchesterUK
| | - Jessica Green
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| | - Daniel Pratt
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC)ManchesterUK
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5
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Yang H, Ran G, Zhang Q, Niu X. The Association between Parental Attachment and Youth Suicidal Ideation: A Three-Level Meta-analysis. Arch Suicide Res 2021; 27:453-478. [PMID: 34964432 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2021.2020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Youth suicidal ideation is regarded as a serious psychological problem that hinders their mental health development. Parental attachment is considered a critical factor linked with youth suicidal ideation, but existing findings are still inconsistent. The present study was based on the PRISMA method; it employed a three-level meta-analysis to obtain reliable estimates of effect size and examined a range of moderators (sample, publication, outcome). Through the retrieval of articles published before November 2020, a systematic search yielded 31 independent studies (N = 12848) from which 109 effect sizes could be extracted. The present meta-analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between parental attachment and youth suicidal ideation (r = -0.108, p < 0.001), implying that youths show a higher level of suicidal ideation when they experienced lower quality of parental attachment. Moreover, the overall association was influenced by different parental attachment patterns. More specifically, youth suicidal ideation was more strongly associated with parental alienation (r = 0.501, p < 0.001) than with parental communication (r = -0.173, p < 0.001). The moderator analyses also showed that the type of instrument used was a significant moderator of the association between parental attachment and youth suicidal ideation. The strength of the overall association was significantly stronger when measured with the IPPA (Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment) (r = -0.181, p = 0.003) than with the ECR (Experiences in Close Relationships) (r = 0.085, p = 0.003). These results indicate that assessing parental attachment is important in strengthening interventions that target suicidal ideation among youths.HIGHLIGHTSOur analysis revealed a significant negative association between parental attachment and youth.Specifically, the presence of a secure relationship with parents, as perceived by the youth, brings forth feelings of appreciation, acceptance, safety, and confidence, that predispose the individual to seek help in a more consistent manner and to resist to maladjusted behavior when faced with adversity. However, a low quality of attachment produces cognitions associated with perceived burdensomeness and failed belongingness, which increase a youth's vulnerability to suicidal ideation.The parental attachment pattern showed a significant moderating effect on the association between parental attachment and youth suicidal ideation.Regarding the association between parental attachment and youth suicidal ideation, we observed that the manner in which parental attachment is measured is another moderating effect.
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Zortea TC, Gray CM, O'Connor RC. The Relationship Between Adult Attachment and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors: A Systematic Review. Arch Suicide Res 2021; 25:38-73. [PMID: 31545148 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2019.1661893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to (1) determine the extent of the relationship between attachment and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB), (2) investigate whether any gender differences exist, and (3) conduct a theoretical synthesis of the included studies. A systematic search of the databases Web of Science; EBSCO Host Medical and Psychology-related resources, which includes CINAHL, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and PsycINFO; and EMBASE was conducted, with 52 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. While secure attachment acts as protective factor, insecure attachment orientations appear to be vulnerability factors compromising an individual's capacity to cope with relationship issues, increasing suicide risk. There is insufficient evidence about gender differences. The theoretical synthesis suggests that attachment, interacting with other psychological traits in response to negative life events, acts as a vulnerability or protective factor for STB. Implications for treatment are also discussed.
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Green J, Berry K, Danquah A, Pratt D. The role of psychological and social factors in the relationship between attachment and suicide: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Psychother 2020; 27:463-488. [PMID: 32167194 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Insecure attachment is widely accepted to be a risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviour. To increase our understanding of this distal association, the current systematic review aimed to evaluate empirical evidence that has investigated the role of psychosocial mechanisms within this relationship. Sixteen original research articles were identified, with the majority carrying out mediational analyses to test their hypotheses. Substantial heterogeneity was found across studies with regards to their theoretical approach to assessing attachment, suicide-related outcomes, sample population, statistical analyses, and the psychological factors under investigation. Nevertheless, this emergent evidence base indicates that a range of predisposing, precipitating, and crisis-state factors may mediate the association between attachment security and suicidality. Studies that investigated moderating factors did not report significant findings, and the mediating role for psychiatric diagnoses remains unclear. Furthermore, this emerging research base is limited by an over-reliance on cross-sectional designs and self-reported data. Longitudinal and experimental designs are required to verify causal pathways and to investigate whether trait vulnerabilities interact with acute stressors to increase suicide risk. Finally, disorganized attachment has been overlooked so far and should be given greater consideration going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Green
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Katherine Berry
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam Danquah
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Daniel Pratt
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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8
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Eylem O, Dalḡar İ, İnce BÜ, Tok F, van Straten A, de Wit L, Kerkhof AJFM, Bhui K. Acculturation and suicidal ideation among Turkish migrants in the Netherlands ✰. Psychiatry Res 2019; 275:71-77. [PMID: 30878859 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
More suicidal ideation and higher rates of attempted suicide are found in Turkish people when compared with the general population in Europe. Acculturation processes and related distress may explain an elevated risk of suicide. The current study investigates the association between acculturation and suicidal ideation among Turkish migrants in the Netherlands. The mediating effect of hopelessness and moderating effect of secure attachment are also examined. A total of 185 Turkish migrants living in the Netherlands were recruited through social media and through liaison with community groups. They completed an online survey including validated measures of suicidal ideation, hopelessness, acculturation and attachment style. Mediation and moderation analyses were tested using bootstrapping. Higher participation was associated with less hopelessness and less suicidal ideation. Greater maintenance of one's ethnic culture was associated with higher hopelessness and higher suicidal ideation. Greater participation was associated with less suicidal ideation particularly amongst those with less secure attachment styles. Turkish migrants who participate in the host culture may have a lower risk of developing suicidal thinking. Participation may protect against suicidal thinking, particularly among those with less secure attachment styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Eylem
- Department of Clinical Psychology VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine Queen Mary University of London, the United Kingdom.
| | - İlker Dalḡar
- Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Annemieke van Straten
- Department of Clinical Psychology VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Leonore de Wit
- Department of Clinical Psychology VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ad J F M Kerkhof
- Department of Clinical Psychology VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kamaldeep Bhui
- Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine Queen Mary University of London, the United Kingdom
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9
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Akca SO, Yuncu O, Aydin Z. Mental status and suicide probability of young people: A cross-sectional study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 64:32-40. [PMID: 29561940 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.64.01.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most important determinant of suicide ideation, tendency and initiative is the presence of mental disorders. Since the number of those who lost their lives due to suicide in the world rose rapidly among the young population, the World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of assessing young people in the high-risk age group to prevent suicidal behavior. This study aimed to determine psychological symptom levels and suicide probability in young people. METHOD The cross-sectional research consisted of 15-24 year-old individuals (N=348), who have sought a psychiatric clinic between February and June, 2015. The Research Data was collected by applying Data Collection Form, Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). SPSS 22.0 statistical package program was used for data analysis. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the mean SPS scores according to education, psychiatric treatment, self-harm, smoking and drinking status of the participants in the study. Apart from this, there was also a statistically significant correlation between anxiety, depression, negative self and hostility according to the SPS and BSI subscales (p<0.001, r=0.739; p<0.001, r=0.729; p<0.001, r=0.747; p<0.001, r=0.715; respectively). CONCLUSION The results of our study show that suicide risk is significantly higher in young people with depression, anxiety, negative self-perception and hostility symptoms. In this regard, we suggest the relevance of assessing the suicide risk of young people seeking a psychiatric clinic, with thorough attention to those who have high potential for suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Ozakar Akca
- PhD, Assistant Professor, Health School, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Yuncu
- MD, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zehra Aydin
- MSc, Health School, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
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Boyda D, Feeters DM, Dhingra K, Galbraith N, Hinton D. Parental psychopathology, adult attachment and risk of 12-month suicidal behaviours. Psychiatry Res 2018; 260:272-278. [PMID: 29220685 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms by which parental psychopathology and vulnerability to suicide is transmitted to offspring is not well understood. parental psychopathology and behaviour may impact upon the normal emotional and psychological adjustment of their offspring in various ways. Research shows attachment insecurities may also be a key factor in the facilitation of suicidal behaviours. OBJECTIVE To examine adult attachment insecurities as a potential mediating pathway between parental psychopathology and 12-month suicidality. METHOD The study utilized data from the National co-morbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R, N = 5692). Parental psychopathology was assessed using items from the Familial History of Psychiatric Disorders section of the NSC-R in conjunction with items designed to capture dimensions of attachment and suicidal behaviours. RESULTS Resultant analyses demonstrated specificity effects in that, parental psychopathology was associated with specific suicidal components through specific dimensions of attachment. DISCUSSION The results align with literature linking parental psychopathology to both attachment insecurities and risk of suicide. Crucially, this study bridges these research areas by presenting attachment insecurity as possible risk indicator and intervening factor between parental mental health and behaviour and specific indicators of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Boyda
- Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Psychology, University of Wolverhampton, West Midlands WV1 1LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Danielle Mc Feeters
- Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Psychology, University of Wolverhampton, West Midlands WV1 1LY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Niall Galbraith
- Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Psychology, University of Wolverhampton, West Midlands WV1 1LY, United Kingdom
| | - Danny Hinton
- Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Psychology, University of Wolverhampton, West Midlands WV1 1LY, United Kingdom
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Erford BT, Jackson J, Bardhoshi G, Duncan K, Atalay Z. Selecting Suicide Ideation Assessment Instruments: A Meta-Analytic Review. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2017.1358062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley T. Erford
- Peabody College at Vanderbilt University, Human and Organizational Development, Nashville, TN, USA
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12
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Gulec Oyekcin D, Sahin EM, Aldemir E. Mental health, suicidality and hopelessness among university students in Turkey. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 29:185-189. [PMID: 28697463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Psychological symptoms of university students can affect perceptions of physical and mental health and can influence the emergence of suicidal behavior. We investigated the association among psychological symptoms, suicidal thoughts, perceptions of physical and mental health in university students. 4330 students at Onsekiz Mart University completed an internet-based questionnaire. 15.1% of the students reported suicidal thoughts at least once in their lifetime. The severity of mental symptoms was found to increase with a decrease in perceived physical and mental health. 28.2% of the students had depression, 33.1% had anxiety. This research aims to contribute to the extensive body of work done regarding the mental health, suicidal thoughts and hopelessness among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demet Gulec Oyekcin
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Erkan Melih Sahin
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Ebru Aldemir
- Ege University Institute on Drug Abuse, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science, Izmir, Turkey.
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13
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Talib MA, Abdollahi A. Spirituality Moderates Hopelessness, Depression, and Suicidal Behavior among Malaysian Adolescents. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2017; 56:784-795. [PMID: 26429729 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-015-0133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is an important public health problem for adolescents, and it is essential to increase our knowledge concerning the etiology of suicide among adolescent students. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the associations between hopelessness, depression, spirituality, and suicidal behavior, and to examine spirituality as a moderator between hopelessness, depression, and suicidal behavior among 1376 Malaysian adolescent students. The participants completed measures of depression, hopelessness, daily spiritual experience, and suicidal behavior. Structural equation modeling indicated that adolescent students high in hopelessness and depression, but also high in spirituality, had less suicidal behavior than others. These findings reinforce the importance of spirituality as a protective factor against hopelessness, depression, and suicidal behavior among Malaysian adolescent students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansor Abu Talib
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abbas Abdollahi
- Institute of Gerontology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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14
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Gaskin-Wasson AL, Calamaras MR, LoParo D, Goodnight BL, Remmert BC, Salami T, Mack S, Kaslow NJ. Childhood emotional abuse, self/other attachment, and hopelessness in African-American women. Attach Hum Dev 2016; 19:22-37. [PMID: 27822981 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2016.1249895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that individuals emotionally abused as children endorse more hopelessness, a precursor of suicidal behavior in adulthood. However, there has been little focus on this association among African-Americans or on factors that may mediate the childhood emotional abuse (CEA) - adult hopelessness link. The present study examined whether CEA is linked to hopelessness in adulthood in African-American women suicide attempters and if adult self and other attachment models mediate this association. Participants included 116 African-American women recruited from a large, urban hospital. Results revealed that CEA had no direct effect on hopelessness in adulthood, but did have an indirect effect on hopelessness through attachment models. Bootstrapping analyses showed that higher levels of CEA were related to more negative self and other attachment models, which were then linked to higher levels of hopelessness. Implications for targeting attachment in suicide intervention programs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashly L Gaskin-Wasson
- a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Martha R Calamaras
- a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Devon LoParo
- a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | | | - Brittany C Remmert
- a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Temilola Salami
- b Department of Psychology , Georgia State University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Sallie Mack
- a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Nadine J Kaslow
- a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
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15
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Abdollahi A, Carlbring P. Coping Style as a Moderator of Perfectionism and Suicidal Ideation Among Undergraduate Students. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-016-0252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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16
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Nagra GS, Lin A, Upthegrove R. What bridges the gap between self-harm and suicidality? The role of forgiveness, resilience and attachment. Psychiatry Res 2016; 241:78-82. [PMID: 27156028 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Self-harm is the most robust risk for completed suicide. There is a lack of understanding of why some people who self-harm escalate to suicidal behaviour when others do not. Psychological factors such as attachment, self-forgiveness and self-appraisal may be important. To determine whether factors from the Interpersonal Theory and Schematic Appraisals models are useful to identify suicidal behaviour in populations that self-harm. Specifically we investigate whether resilience factors of secure attachment, self-forgiveness and positive self-appraisals significantly influence suicidality in people who self-harm. A cross-sectional online study of 323 participants recruited from self-harm support forum. Validated self-report measures were used to assess appraisals, relationships, self-forgiveness, attachment style, suicidality and self-harm. Emotion coping and support seeking self-appraisals and self-forgiveness were negatively associated with suicidality in participants with a history of self-harm. Dismissing attachment was positively associated with suicidality. The perceived ability to cope with emotions, the perceived ability to gain support and self-forgiveness may protect against suicide in people who self-harm. Conversely the presence of dismissing attachment may increase the risk of suicidality. Findings provide therapeutic targets to reduce risk of suicidality in this high risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmokh S Nagra
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, West Midlands, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Ashleigh Lin
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, West Midlands, B15 2TT, United Kingdom; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 6008 PO Box 855, West Perth 6872, Australia
| | - Rachel Upthegrove
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, West Midlands, B15 2TT, United Kingdom; Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, 50 Summer Hill Road, Birmingham B1 3RB, United Kingdom.
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17
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Glazebrook K, Townsend E, Sayal K. Do Coping Strategies Mediate the Relationship Between Parental Attachment and Self-Harm in Young People? Arch Suicide Res 2016; 20:205-18. [PMID: 26699201 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2015.1004495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Insecure attachment is associated with self-harm in young people, but little research has explored the pathways through which this relationship develops. We investigated whether attachment impacts on self-harm via its effect on coping strategies and appraisal of problem-solving abilities. A total of 314 students aged 18-20 years completed an online survey with measures of parental attachment, emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies, and psychological distress and self-harm. A mediational model was not supported as there were no direct effects between parental attachment and self-harm. However, analysis of specific indirect pathways revealed that perceived parental attachment impacts on self-harm through problem-focused coping. Higher quality of attachment was associated with greater reliance on problem-focused (adaptive) coping, which in turn was associated with a decreased risk of having self-harmed. Furthermore, poorer paternal attachment was associated with lower appraisal of problem-solving skills, which in turn was associated with an increased risk of having self-harmed. Individuals with insecure attachment may be more vulnerable to self-harm because they lack other more constructive coping strategies for relieving stress.
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18
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Abdollahi A, Abu Talib M. Spirituality Moderates Hopelessness, and Suicidal Ideation among Iranian Depressed Adolescents. DEATH STUDIES 2015; 39:579-83. [PMID: 25924082 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2015.1013163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To examine the moderating role of spirituality between hopelessness, spirituality, and suicidal ideation, 202 Iranian depressed adolescent inpatients completed measures of patient health, suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and core spiritual experience. Structural equation modelling indicated that depressed inpatients high in hopelessness, but also high in spirituality, had less suicidal ideation than others. These findings reinforce the importance of spirituality as a protective factor against hopelessness and suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Abdollahi
- a Faculty of Human Ecology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Mansor Abu Talib
- a Faculty of Human Ecology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
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Venta A, Sharp C. Attachment organization in suicide prevention research: preliminary findings and future directions in a sample of inpatient adolescents. CRISIS 2015; 35:60-6. [PMID: 24197486 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. AIMS This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. METHOD We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. RESULTS Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. CONCLUSION The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Venta
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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20
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Boričević Maršanić V, Margetić BA, Zečević I, Herceg M. The prevalence and psychosocial correlates of suicide attempts among inpatient adolescent offspring of Croatian PTSD male war veterans. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2014; 45:577-87. [PMID: 24338268 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-013-0426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite evidence that children of male war veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at particularly high risk for behavior problems, very little is currently known about suicidal behaviors in this population of youth. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of suicide attempts among psychiatrically hospitalized adolescent offspring of Croatian male PTSD veterans. Participants were psychiatric inpatients, ages 12-18 years. Self-report questionnaires assessed demographics, suicide attempts, psychopathology, parenting style, and family functioning. The prevalence of suicide attempts was 61.5% (65.2% for girls and 58.0% for boys). Internalizing symptoms, family dysfunction, lower levels of maternal and paternal care, and paternal overcontrol were significantly associated with suicide attempts. Our findings suggest that suicide attempts are common among inpatient adolescent offspring of male PTSD veterans and that interventions targeting both adolescent psychopathology and family relationships are needed for adolescents who have attempted suicide.
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21
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MacGregor EK, Grunebaum MF, Galfalvy HC, Melhem N, Burke AK, Brent DA, Oquendo MA, Mann JJ. Depressed parents' attachment: effects on offspring suicidal behavior in a longitudinal family study. J Clin Psychiatry 2014; 75:879-85. [PMID: 25098943 PMCID: PMC4311521 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.13m08794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate relationships of depressed parents' attachment style to offspring suicidal behavior. METHOD 244 parents diagnosed with a DSM-IV depressive episode completed the Adult Attachment Questionnaire at study entry. Baseline and yearly follow-up interviews of their 488 offspring tracked suicidal behavior and psychopathology. Survival analysis and marginal regression models with correlated errors for siblings investigated the relationship between parent insecure attachment traits and offspring characteristics. Data analyzed were collected 1992-2008 during a longitudinal family study completed January 31, 2014. RESULTS Parental avoidant attachment predicted offspring suicide attempts at a trend level (P = .083). Parental anxious attachment did not predict offspring attempts (P = .961). In secondary analyses, anxious attachment in parents was associated with offspring impulsivity (P = .034) and, in offspring suicide attempters, was associated with greater intent (P = .045) and lethality of attempts (P = .003). Avoidant attachment in parents was associated with offspring impulsivity (P = .025) and major depressive disorder (P = .012). Parental avoidant attachment predicted a greater number of suicide attempts (P = .048) and greater intent in offspring attempters (P = .003). Results were comparable after adjusting for parent diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. CONCLUSIONS Insecure avoidant, but not anxious, attachment in depressed parents may predict offspring suicide attempt. Insecure parental attachment traits were associated with impulsivity and major depressive disorder in all offspring and with more severe suicidal behavior in offspring attempters. Insecure parental attachment merits further study as a potential target to reduce risk of offspring psychopathology and more severe suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica K. MacGregor
- Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
| | | | - Hanga C. Galfalvy
- Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
| | - Nadine Melhem
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ainsley K. Burke
- Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
| | - David A. Brent
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Maria A. Oquendo
- Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
| | - J. John Mann
- Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
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Venta A, Mellick W, Schatte D, Sharp C. Preliminary Evidence that Thoughts of Thwarted Belongingness Mediate the Relations Between Level of Attachment Insecurity and Depression and Suicide-Related Thoughts in Inpatient Adolescents. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2014.33.5.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Blake J, Norton CL. Examining the Relationship between Hope and Attachment: A Meta-Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/psych.2014.56065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Lester D. Hopelessness in undergraduate students around the world: a review. J Affect Disord 2013; 150:1204-8. [PMID: 23764384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A search was made for all studies which administered the Beck Hopelessness Scale to undergraduate students. Sixty-one studies were found for the United States and 28 for other countries. The mean scores of American students on the Hopelessness Scale were significantly lower than those of students in other nations, and there was a small but significant trend for the hopeless scores of American students to have increased from 1978 to 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lester
- Psychology Program, The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey, 101 Vera King Farris Drive, Galloway, NJ 08205-9441, USA.
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Sheftall AH, Mathias CW, Furr RM, Dougherty DM. Adolescent attachment security, family functioning, and suicide attempts. Attach Hum Dev 2013; 15:368-83. [PMID: 23560608 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2013.782649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Theories of suicidal behavior suggest that the desire to die can arise from disruption of interpersonal relationships. Suicide research has typically studied this from the individual's perspective of the quality/frequency of their social interactions; however, the field of attachment may offer another perspective on understanding an individual's social patterns and suicide risk. This study examined attachment along with broader family functioning (family adaptability and cohesion) among 236 adolescent psychiatric inpatients with (n = 111) and without (n = 125) histories of suicide attempts. On average, adolescents were 14 years of age and Hispanic (69%). Compared to those without suicide attempts, adolescent attempters had lower self-reported maternal and paternal attachment and lower familial adaptability and cohesion. When comparing all three types of attachment simultaneously in the logistic regression model predicting suicide attempt status, paternal attachment was the only significant predictor. Suicide attempt group was also significantly predicted by self-rated Cohesion and Adaptability; neither of the parent ratings of family functioning were significant predictors. These findings are consistent with the predictions of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide about social functioning and support the efforts to develop attachment-based interventions as a novel route towards suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle H Sheftall
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Abstract
To understand psychometric characteristics of Beck Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) and different characteristics of suicides between high and low intent in Chinese culture. Data of 386 suicides and 416 living controls aged 15-34 years were used to analyze psychometric characteristics of SIS with 6 items. SIS with 6 items had high reliability and validity. Different characteristics were found between suicides with high intent and low intent. Hopelessness, depression, impulsivity, and approach coping skill were common factors of suicide with high and low intent. Education years, marriage, social support, and mental disorders were specific factors of suicide with low intent. High intent suicides had different characteristics from low intent suicides. SIS with 6 items is suitable for use in young rural China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, China
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