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Enea V, Candel OS, Zancu SA, Maftei A, Bîrlădeanu L, Timofte D. Death Obsession, COVID-19-Related Fear and Religiosity in People Living with Type 2 Diabetes. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2024; 89:1094-1112. [PMID: 35441558 PMCID: PMC9023313 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221085402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were included among high-risk groups for more severe manifestations in case of COVID-19 infection and higher risk of mortality. The current study aims to (1) examine the relationship between death obsession, religiosity, and fear of COVID-19 among type 2 diabetes patients, and (2) assess if religiosity moderates the relationship between death obsession and fear of COVID-19. This cross-sectional online survey involved 306 type 2 diabetes patients. We found that 35.6 % of the participants were overweight and 14.6 % were suffering from obesity. Results showed that death obsession was positively associated with fear of COVID-19 and more religious individuals experience higher levels of fear. The overall level of religiosity did not moderate the relationship between death obsession and fear of COVID-19 but only the preoccupation with God dimension of the religiosity scale. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology,
Alexandru
Ioan Cuza University, Iasi,
Romania
| | | | | | - Alexandra Maftei
- Department of Psychology,
Alexandru
Ioan Cuza University, Iasi,
Romania
| | - Livia Bîrlădeanu
- Department of Psychology,
Alexandru
Ioan Cuza University, Iasi,
Romania
| | - Daniel Timofte
- Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and
Pharmacy Iasi, Romania
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Li Y, Dong W, Tang H, Guo X, Wu S, Lu G, Li X, Chen C. Correlates of death anxiety for patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:1933-1947. [PMID: 38284499 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to identify the factors related to cancer death anxiety based on available evidence. DESIGN This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. METHODS Seven databases were searched to identify studies on the relationships of cancer death anxiety with demographic characteristics, disease factors and psychosocial factors from inception to May 2023. The Agency for Medical Research and Quality (AHRQ) scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. After two researchers independently completed the literature search, data extraction and quality evaluation, meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan5.3 and Stata 17.0 software. RESULTS In total, 52 studies were included in this review. The results revealed that there were positive correlations of death anxiety with female sex, the symptom burden, anxiety levels, depression levels, fear of recurrence, attachment avoidance, psychological distress, resignation and confrontation coping. Death anxiety was negatively correlated with age, education level, ability to perform daily activities, self-esteem, spiritual well-being, sense of meaning in life, resilience, quality of life, social support and religious beliefs. CONCLUSIONS Our results can inform the design of interventions to address death anxiety and improve the overall quality of life of cancer patients. Healthcare professionals should promptly identify and focus on death anxiety in high-risk populations of cancer patients. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Cancer patients commonly experience death anxiety, and this anxiety has a nonnegligible impact on patients' mental health and overall quality of life. This study can inform the development of interventions by clinical healthcare professionals. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This was a meta-analysis based on data from previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wanglin Dong
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Haishan Tang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiajun Guo
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Sijia Wu
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guangli Lu
- Institute of Business Administration, School of Business, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chaoran Chen
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Dadashi N, Pazokian M, Yadollahzade N, Taheri M, Kamian S. Predictors of death anxiety among Iranian cancer patients: Contribution of sense of Coherence. J Psychosoc Oncol 2024; 42:674-687. [PMID: 38459951 DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2024.2319292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Death anxiety is a negative consequence of cancer that influences the quality of life of many patients. This study determined the predictors of death anxiety and the contribution of the sense of coherence to this disorder among Iranians with cancer. METHODS The present research was a descriptive-analytical study that examined cancer patients referring to one of the educational hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Two hundred eligible patients selected by purposeful sampling filled out a clinical and demographic questionnaire. The data were analyzed by the SPSS 20 software. RESULTS The correlational results revealed a negative and significant relationship between death anxiety and a sense of coherence (r = -0.610). Likewise, age, gender, marital status, occupational and economic circumstances, and cancer type were among the variables that correlated with death anxiety and predicted 85% of this psychological state. CONCLUSION The researchers recommend mental assessment in oncological care to identify psychological challenges to realize the ultimate goal of palliative care, i.e. improving patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Dadashi
- Department of Medical Surgical, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Marzieh Pazokian
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Clinical Research Development Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Yadollahzade
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahbobeh Taheri
- Clinical Research Development Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Kamian
- Department of Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ödek Ö, Savas M, Özkan F, Zincir H. The Reliability and Validity Study of Turkish Version of the Death Depression Scale-Revised Among Nurses. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023:302228231210898. [PMID: 37899585 DOI: 10.1177/00302228231210898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to establish the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Death Depression Scale-Revised (DDS-R) with a sample of 284 nurses. Cronbach's coefficient for the whole scale was .909 and the sub-dimension values were calculated as .934, .798, .715, and .537. The test-retest reliability coefficient was found to be .880. The content validity index (CVI) of the scale was calculated as .86. The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that 62.254% variance was explained in 4 sub-dimensions of the scale (existential vacuum, death emptiness, other death, death sadness). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that a four-dimensional structure yielded a good fit (X2/df = 3.124, RMSEA = .087). TDDS-R was found to be a valid and reliable measurement tool in determining the death depression levels of nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Ödek
- Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
- Health Scieneces Institute, Erciyes University, Talas, Turkey
| | - Mümin Savas
- Health Scieneces Institute, Erciyes University, Talas, Turkey
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Adıyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Filiz Özkan
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Handan Zincir
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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The Impact of Place of Residence on the Sense of Coherence of Population Aged 60–89: Evidence from Poland. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14010515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Place of living is one of the most important socio-demographic factors which characterizes the lives of older people. The importance of with whom and under what conditions older adults live to a large extent determines their health and standard of living. The goal of the study was to find the relationship between the place of residence and housing condition of older adults in Poland and their sense of coherence and health problems. The 29-item Antonovsky SOC questionnaire was used. In the research 303 people (76% women and 24% men) aged 60–89 were evaluated: 158 lived in their own houses/flats, while 145 resided in Daily Homes of Social Assistance (DPS). The overall result for the sense of coherence was 129.65 for older adults living in their own homes and 126.48 for these living in DPS. Statistical dependence between the place of residence and sense of manageability and meaningfulness was found. There is no dependence between gender and the overall score, nor the three components of the sense of coherence. Statistical dependence was determined in the criterion of age. A higher level of meaningfulness was observed in people aged 60–74. Taking into account the place of residents, 52% of the respondents living in their own houses/flats experience loneliness and among the people living in Daily Homes of Social Assistance, 46% experience loneliness. The type of place of residence is one of the most important personal factors affecting the sense of coherence, chronic health problems, and sense of loneliness. The last factor, especially, can adversely affect community sustainability and undermine social cohesion.
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"For Years I lived in a Cage. Now the Cage Is Open and I Am Just Learning to Fly." Perspectives of Cancer Survivors on Psychological Resilience. Cancer Nurs 2021; 45:297-305. [PMID: 34966063 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000001039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transitioning from treatment to survivorship engenders several challenges that cancer survivors must learn to manage. These challenges are commonly associated with struggling to manage reentry into postcancer life. Thus, balance is restored after cancer, and postcancer experiences should be considered along with all previous life experiences. This balancing process surrounding cancer causes some cancer survivors' life to deteriorate, whereas other cancer survivors begin a psychological resilience process. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the way that psychological resilience is experienced by cancer survivors. METHODS The present descriptive qualitative design study was conducted from August 2019 through January 2020. A total of 12 cancer survivors were sampled from the follow-up clinics of a hospital. Data were collected through semistructured, pilot-tested, face-to-face interviews using an interview guide. RESULTS Three main themes were clarified based on the descriptive analysis of the data on cancer survivors' experiences: "fight vs lose," "balancing uncertainties," and "learned to fly." The results demonstrate the importance and influence of psychological resilience in the overall cancer experience. CONCLUSION This study provides insight into the subjective psychological resilience process of cancer survivors. Nurses may use this knowledge in fostering effective strategies enabling cancer survivors to develop psychological resilience. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The results offer a promising resource for nurses to assess and address the risk and protective factors of cancer survivors to identify unique needs and to provide individualized care. In this context, nurses can develop novel approaches and interventions for cancer survivors in accordance with Kumpfer's resilience framework.
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Loughan AR, Husain M, Ravyts SG, Willis KD, Braun SE, Brechbiel JK, Aslanzadeh FJ, Rodin G, Svikis DS, Thacker L. Death anxiety in patients with primary brain tumor: Measurement, prevalence, and determinants. Palliat Support Care 2021; 19:672-680. [PMID: 36942577 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951521000808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated death anxiety in patients with primary brain tumor (PBT). We examined the psychometric properties of two validated death anxiety measures and determined the prevalence and possible determinants of death anxiety in this often-overlooked population. METHODS Two cross-sectional studies in neuro-oncology were conducted. In Study 1, 81 patients with PBT completed psychological questionnaires, including the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS). In Study 2, 109 patients with PBT completed similar questionnaires, including the Death and Dying Distress Scale (DADDS). Medical and disease-specific variables were collected across participants in both studies. Psychometric properties, including construct validity, internal consistency, and concurrent validity, were investigated. Levels of distress were analyzed using frequencies, and determinants of death anxiety were identified using logistic regression. RESULTS The DADDS was more psychometrically sound than the DAS in patients with PBT. Overall, 66% of PBT patients endorsed at least one symptom of distress about death and dying, with 48% experiencing moderate-severe death anxiety. Generalized anxiety symptoms and the fear of recurrence significantly predicted death anxiety. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS The DADDS is a more appropriate instrument than the DAS to assess death anxiety in neuro-oncology. The proportion of patients with PBT who experience death anxiety appears to be higher than in other advanced cancer populations. Death anxiety is a highly distressing symptom, especially when coupled with generalized anxiety and fears of disease progression, which appears to be the case in patients with PBT. Our findings call for routine monitoring and the treatment of death anxiety in neuro-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee R Loughan
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
- Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA
| | - Mariya Husain
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Scott G Ravyts
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Kelcie D Willis
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Sarah Ellen Braun
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
- Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA
| | - Julia K Brechbiel
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Farah J Aslanzadeh
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Gary Rodin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dace S Svikis
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Leroy Thacker
- Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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Enea V, Eisenbeck N, Petrescu TC, Carreno DF. Perceived Impact of Quarantine on Loneliness, Death Obsession, and Preoccupation With God: Predictors of Increased Fear of COVID-19. Front Psychol 2021; 12:643977. [PMID: 33776871 PMCID: PMC7988074 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most countries are facing the societal challenging need for a new quarantine period due to the increasing number of COVID-19 infections, indicating a second or even third wave of disease. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the surface existential issues that are typically less present in people's focal attention. The first aim of this study was to identify some of these existential struggles such as increased feelings of loneliness, death obsession, and preoccupation with God. Secondly, we explored the association of these factors with the increased fear of coronavirus during the quarantine. Data was collected from 1,340 Romanian adults using a cross-sectional web-based survey design in the midst of the national lockdown period of COVID-19. Participants completed measures of COVID-19 related loneliness, death obsession, and preoccupation with God twice; first, thinking about the period before the pandemic, and second, for the current situation during the quarantine. Then, they completed a fear of COVID-19 measure. Participants perceived an increase in the feelings of loneliness, death obsession, and preoccupation with God during the confinement. Furthermore, gender, knowing someone diagnosed with COVID-19, loneliness, death obsession, and preoccupation with God predicted fear of COVID-19. Interestingly, days in isolation did not predict fear of COVID-19 nor were associated with feelings of loneliness. In line with existential positive psychology, these results highlight the importance of policies and interventions targeting the experience of loneliness, spiritual beliefs, and particularly those aimed to promote death acceptance, in order to alleviate intense fear of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Nikolett Eisenbeck
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - David F. Carreno
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
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Soleimani MA, Dalvand N, Ranjbaran M, Lehto RH, Bahrami N. Predictive factors associated with death depression in women with breast cancer. DEATH STUDIES 2020; 46:1880-1890. [PMID: 33377851 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1864682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 241 patients with breast cancer was conducted to investigate death depression and its explanatory factors in Iranian women who were diagnosed and undergoing treatment for breast cancer. Patients with significantly higher death depression were those who were housewives (β = 0.6, p = 0.016), unskilled workers (β = 15.8, p = 0.002), and retired (β = 13.1, p = 0.002) as compared with those who were professionally employed with higher socio-economic status (β = 17.4, p = 0.002); and those receiving combination therapy as compared to surgery only (β = 6.3, p = 0.02). For patients with higher spiritual health scores, death depression was significantly lower (β = -0.2, p < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Soleimani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Narges Dalvand
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ranjbaran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Rebecca H Lehto
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nasim Bahrami
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Wang L, Cheng J, Xu Z, Zhao Q. Transcultural adaptation and psychometric properties of Chinese version of Death Depression Scale-Revised among nursing students. DEATH STUDIES 2020; 46:658-665. [PMID: 32286160 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1753851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Death Depression Scale in a sample of 391 nursing students. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.91, ranging from 0.65 to 0.91 for each subscale. Test-retest reliability was satisfactory (r = 0.821). Overall content validity index was 0.83. An exploratory factor analysis yielded 5 factors: anergia and anhedonia, death sadness, other death, death emptiness, and death vacuum. The model had an acceptable fit, with all factors loading greater than 0.5. Results provide preliminary support for the reliability and validity of the measure in nursing student populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Cheng
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Xu
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhao
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
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Loughan AR, Aslanzadeh FJ, Brechbiel J, Rodin G, Husain M, Braun SE, Willis KD, Lanoye A. Death-related distress in adult primary brain tumor patients. Neurooncol Pract 2020; 7:498-506. [PMID: 33014390 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npaa015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A diagnosis of cancer may increase mortality salience and provoke death-related distress. Primary brain tumor (PBT) patients may be at particular risk for such distress given the certainty of tumor progression, lack of curative treatments, and poor survival rates. This study is the first to examine the prevalence of death-related distress and its correlates in PBT patients. Methods Adult PBT patients (N = 105) enrolled in this cross-sectional study and completed the Death Distress Scale (subscales: Death Depression, Death Anxiety, Death Obsession), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Prevalence and predictors of death-related distress, and the relationships of demographic variables to clusters of distress, were explored. Results The majority of PBT patients endorsed clinically significant death-related distress in at least one domain. Death anxiety was endorsed by 81%, death depression by 12.5%, and death obsession by 10.5%. Generalized anxiety was the only factor associated with global death-related distress. Cluster analysis yielded 4 profiles: global distress, emotional distress, resilience, and existential distress. Participants in the resilience cluster were significantly further out from diagnosis than those in the existential distress cluster. There were no differences in cluster membership based on age, sex, or tumor grade. Conclusions PBT patients appear to have a high prevalence of death-related distress, particularly death anxiety. Further, 4 distinct profiles of distress were identified, supporting the need for tailored approaches to addressing death-related distress. A shift in clusters of distress based on time since diagnosis also suggest the need for future longitudinal assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee R Loughan
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Richmond, Virginia.,Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia.,Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Farah J Aslanzadeh
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Julia Brechbiel
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Gary Rodin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Department of Supportive Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,University of Toronto, Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mariya Husain
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Sarah E Braun
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, Virginia.,Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kelcie D Willis
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Autumn Lanoye
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Richmond, Virginia
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