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Dong T, Zhu W, Yang Z, Matos Pires NM, Lin Q, Jing W, Zhao L, Wei X, Jiang Z. Advances in heart failure monitoring: Biosensors targeting molecular markers in peripheral bio-fluids. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 255:116090. [PMID: 38569250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially chronic heart failure, threaten many patients' lives worldwide. Because of its slow course and complex causes, its clinical screening, diagnosis, and prognosis are essential challenges. Clinical biomarkers and biosensor technologies can rapidly screen and diagnose. Multiple types of biomarkers are employed for screening purposes, precise diagnosis, and treatment follow-up. This article provides an up-to-date overview of the biomarkers associated with the six main heart failure etiology pathways. Plasma natriuretic peptides (BNP and NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponins (cTnT, cTnl) are still analyzed as gold-standard markers for heart failure. Other complementary biomarkers include growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), circulating Galactose Lectin 3 (Gal-3), soluble interleukin (sST2), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). For these biomarkers, the electrochemical biosensors have exhibited sufficient sensitivity, detection limit, and specificity. This review systematically summarizes the latest molecular biomarkers and sensors for heart failure, which will provide comprehensive and cutting-edge authoritative scientific information for biomedical and electronic-sensing researchers in the field of heart failure, as well as patients. In addition, our proposed future outlook may provide new research ideas for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, School of Mechanical Engincering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China; X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Department of Microsystems- IMS, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway-USN, P.O. Box 235, Kongsberg, 3603, Norway
| | - Wangang Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, School of Mechanical Engincering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China; X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhaochu Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, School of Mechanical Engincering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Nuno Miguel Matos Pires
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, School of Mechanical Engincering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Qijing Lin
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Weixuan Jing
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Libo Zhao
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xueyong Wei
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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Wang H, Jian M, Fan J, He Y, Wang Z. Scalable synthesis of Au@CeO 2 nanozyme for development of colorimetric lateral flow immunochromatographic assay to sensitively detect heart-type fatty acid binding protein. Talanta 2024; 273:125852. [PMID: 38442564 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes with core@shell nanostructure are considered promising biolabeling materials for their multifunctional properties. In this work, a simple one-pot strategy has been proposed for scalable synthesis of gold@cerium dioxide core@shell nanoparticles (Au@CeO2 NPs) with strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption and high peroxidase-like catalytic activity by redox reactions of Ce3+ ions and AuCl4- ions in diluted ammonia solution under room temperature. A colorimetric lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) has been successfully fabricated for sensitive detection of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP, an early cardiac biomarker) by using the Au@CeO2 NPs as reporters. The as-developed LFIA with Au@CeO2 NP reporter (termed as Au@CeO2-LFIA) exhibits a dynamic range of nearly two orders of magnitude, and a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.35 ng mL-1 H-FABP with nanozyme-triggered 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) colorimetric amplification. Furthermore, the practicality of Au@CeO2-LFIA has been demonstrated by profiling the concentrations of H-FABP in 156 blood samples of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients, and satisfactory results are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Minghong Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jiwen Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yuquan He
- Department of Cardiology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; National Analytical Research Center of Electrochemistry and Spectroscopy, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
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Nikhil KG, Jayakumar KT, Shiny PJ, Ramya NK, Kumar JS. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and heart type fatty acid binding protein as a prognostic marker in Myocardial infarction within 48 h of admission. Egypt Heart J 2024; 76:59. [PMID: 38771512 PMCID: PMC11109033 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-024-00489-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a measure of systemic inflammation, whereas Heart type fatty acid protein (HFABP) is a cytosolic protein released early after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The aim of this research study is to determine whether NLR and H-FAB are useful in predicting the prognosis in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) 48 h after admission. This is a prospective observational study conducted on 97 patients who had been admitted to emergency room with ST-elevation myocardial infarction in their ECG in a tertiary care centre of south India. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was measured at the time of admission, 24th hour and 48th hour, and then compared with the outcome. To determine their significance in the MI episode, troponin-I and H-FABP were also measured. RESULTS A significant correlation was found in the final outcomes of patients and the NLR at the time of admission and at 48 h (p = 0.01). Additionally, a substantial correlation between NLR and various degrees of LV dysfunction was also observed (p = 0.01). H-FABP was found to be positive in all 97 of the patients examined, whereas Troponin-I was only found to be positive in 56.7%. CONCLUSION The study's findings, indicated strong correlations between NLR and LVEF, indicated that NLR might serve as an early predictor of cardiac events which could be either poor prognosis or higher mortality. This research found that H-FABP may serve as an early MI diagnostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Nikhil
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, 603209, India
| | - K T Jayakumar
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, 603209, India
| | - P J Shiny
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603209, India
| | - N K Ramya
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, 603209, India
| | - J S Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, 603209, India.
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Javed N, El-Far M, Vittorio TJ. Clinical markers in heart failure: a narrative review. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241254330. [PMID: 38779976 PMCID: PMC11119339 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241254330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome that is one of the causes of high mortality worldwide. Additionally, healthcare systems around the world are also being burdened by the aging population and subsequently, increasing estimates of patients with heart failure. As a result, it is crucial to determine novel ways to reduce the healthcare costs, rate of hospitalizations and mortality. In this regard, clinical biomarkers play a very important role in stratifying risk, determining prognosis or diagnosis and monitoring patient responses to therapy. This narrative review discusses the wide spectrum of clinical biomarkers, novel inventions of new techniques, their advantages and limitations as well as applications. As heart failure rates increase, cost-effective diagnostic tools such as B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide are crucial, with emerging markers like neprilysin and cardiac imaging showing promise, though larger studies are needed to confirm their effectiveness compared with traditional markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nismat Javed
- Department of Medicine, BronxCare Health System/BronxCare Hospital Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Markos El-Far
- American University of the Caribbean, Department of Medicine, Sint Maarten, West Indies
| | - Timothy J. Vittorio
- Department of Medicine, BronxCare Health System/BronxCare Hospital Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Huang X, Bai S, Luo Y. Advances in research on biomarkers associated with acute myocardial infarction: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37793. [PMID: 38608048 PMCID: PMC11018244 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the most severe cardiovascular event in clinical settings, imposes a significant burden with its annual increase in morbidity and mortality rates. However, it is noteworthy that mortality due to AMI in developed countries has experienced a decline, largely attributable to the advancements in medical interventions such as percutaneous coronary intervention. This trend highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment to preserve the myocardium at risk and improve patient outcomes. Conventional biomarkers such as myoglobin, creatine kinase isoenzymes, and troponin have been instrumental in the diagnosis of AMI. However, recent years have witnessed the emergence of new biomarkers demonstrating the potential to further enhance the accuracy of AMI diagnosis. This literature review focuses on the recent advancements in biomarker research in the context of AMI diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suwen Bai
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yumei Luo
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Cardiology Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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Liu J, Li C, Mei W, Qin H. The research progress and research trends in acute coronary syndrome nursing: A review of visual analysis based on the Web of Science database. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e35849. [PMID: 38363951 PMCID: PMC10869036 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the most common and severe forms of cardiovascular disease and has attracted worldwide attention with increased morbidity and mortality in recent years. There are few review studies in the field of its care in the form of bibliometric studies. We searched the Web of Science Core Collection database for articles and reviews in the area of ACS nursing for visual mapping analysis. Our objectives are to explore the hot topics and frontiers of research in the field of ACS nursing and to identify collaborative relationships between countries, institutions, and authors. This study will provide researchers with intuitive reference data for future in-depth studies of ACSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Liu
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Chaojun Li
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wanping Mei
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hanzhi Qin
- Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Ritter A, Lötterle L, Han J, Kalbitz M, Henrich D, Marzi I, Leppik L, Weber B. Evaluation of New Cardiac Damage Biomarkers in Polytrauma: GDF-15, HFABP and uPAR for Predicting Patient Outcomes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:961. [PMID: 38398274 PMCID: PMC10888743 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13040961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Polytrauma is one of the leading mortality factors in younger patients, and in particular, the presence of cardiac damage correlates with a poor prognosis. Currently, troponin T is the gold standard, although troponin is limited as a biomarker. Therefore, there is a need for new biomarkers of cardiac damage early after trauma. Methods: Polytraumatized patients (ISS ≥ 16) were divided into two groups: those with cardiac damage (troponin T > 50 pg/mL, n = 37) and those without cardiac damage (troponin T < 12 pg/mL, n = 32) on admission to the hospital. Patients' plasma was collected in the emergency room 24 h after trauma, and plasma from healthy volunteers (n = 10) was sampled. The plasma was analyzed for the expression of HFABP, GDF-15 and uPAR proteins, as well as miR-21, miR-29, miR-34, miR-122, miR-125b, miR-133, miR-194, miR-204, and miR-155. Results were correlated with patients' outcomes. Results: HFABP, uPAR, and GDF-15 were increased in polytraumatized patients with cardiac damage (p < 0.001) with a need for catecholamines. HFABP was increased in non-survivors. Analysis of systemic miRNA concentrations showed a significant increase in miR-133 (p < 0.01) and miR-21 (p < 0.05) in patients with cardiac damage. Conclusion: All tested plasma proteins, miR-133, and miR-21 were found to reflect the cardiac damage in polytrauma patients. GDF-15 and HFABP were shown to strongly correlate with patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Ritter
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.L.); (J.H.); (D.H.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (B.W.)
| | - Lorenz Lötterle
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.L.); (J.H.); (D.H.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (B.W.)
| | - Jiaoyan Han
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.L.); (J.H.); (D.H.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (B.W.)
| | - Miriam Kalbitz
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.L.); (J.H.); (D.H.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (B.W.)
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.L.); (J.H.); (D.H.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (B.W.)
| | - Liudmila Leppik
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.L.); (J.H.); (D.H.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (B.W.)
| | - Birte Weber
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.L.); (J.H.); (D.H.); (I.M.); (L.L.); (B.W.)
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Kayani M, Fatima N, Yarra PC, Almansouri NE, K D, Balasubramanian A, Parvathaneni N, Mowo-Wale AG, Valdez JA, Nazir Z. Novel Biomarkers in Early Detection of Heart Failure: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e53445. [PMID: 38435138 PMCID: PMC10909379 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) represents a significant global health challenge, characterized by a variety of symptoms resulting from cardiac dysfunction. This dysfunction often leads to systemic and pulmonary congestion. The pathophysiology of HF is complex, involving stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, which is insufficiently balanced by the release of natriuretic peptide. This imbalance leads to progressive hypertrophy and dilatation of the heart's chambers, impairing its pumping efficiency and increasing the risk of arrhythmias and conduction disorders. The prevalence of HF is exceptionally high in industrialized nations and is expected to increase owing to an aging population and advancements in diagnostic methods. This study emphasizes the critical role of early diagnosis in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with HF, focusing specifically on the evolving importance of biomarkers in managing this condition. Biomarkers have played a key role in transforming the diagnosis and treatment of HF. Traditional biomarkers such as b-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide have been widely adopted for their cost-effectiveness and ease of access. However, the rise of novel biomarkers such as growth differentiation factor 15 and adrenomedullin has shown promising results, offering superior sensitivity and specificity. These new biomarkers enhance diagnostic accuracy, risk stratification, and prognostic evaluation in HF patients. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, such as limited availability, high costs, and the need for further validation in diverse patient populations. Through a comprehensive literature review across databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library, this study compiles and analyzes data from 18 relevant studies, offering a detailed understanding of the current state of HF biomarkers. The study examines both traditional and emerging biomarkers such as galectin-3 and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 in HF, exploring their clinical roles and impact on patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kayani
- Cardiology, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Neha Fatima
- Internal Medicine, Lisie Hospital, Kochi, IND
| | | | - Naiela E Almansouri
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Internal Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, LBY
| | - Deepshikha K
- Cardiology, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry, IND
| | | | | | | | - Josue A Valdez
- General Practice, Universidad Autónoma de Durango, Los Mochis, MEX
| | - Zahra Nazir
- Internal Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, PAK
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Ahmad S, Kumar R. An update of new/potential cardiovascular markers: a narrative review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:179. [PMID: 38252393 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08978-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular and their associated disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, in developed and developing countries, and its prevalence has increased over the past few decades, due to changes in the lifestyle of people. Biomarkers are important tools for diagnosing, analyzing, and providing evidence of pathological conditions of CVD and their associated diseases. METHODS This study reviews historical cardiovascular biomarkers used to diagnose various diseases, their uses, and limitations, as well as the importance of new and emerging biomarkers. CONCLUSION sST2, GDF-15, CD-40, IL-6, and Micro-RNA. Initial studies of the future of cardiac biomarkers are promising, but more research is needed to demonstrate that they are more effective biomarkers of risk factors for CVD development. They also lack the analytical foundation needed for adoption in the medical industry. It is also necessary to determine whether these biomarkers can be used for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharique Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Raushan Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India.
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Quaiyoom A, Kumar R. An Overview of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e121023222139. [PMID: 37842898 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998255538231001122639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a myocardial disorder that is characterised by structural and functional abnormalities of the heart muscle in the absence of hypertension, valvular heart disease, congenital heart defects, or coronary artery disease (CAD). After witnessing a particular form of cardiomyopathy in diabetic individuals, Rubler et al. came up with the moniker diabetic cardiomyopathy in 1972. Four stages of DCM are documented, and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Stage and New York Heart Association Class for HF have some overlap. Diabetes is linked to several distinct forms of heart failure. Around 40% of people with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have diabetes, which is thought to be closely associated with the pathophysiology of HFpEF. Diabetes and HF are uniquely associated in a bidirectional manner. When compared to the general population without diabetes, those with diabetes have a risk of heart failure that is up to four times higher. A biomarker is a trait that is reliably measured and assessed as a predictor of healthy biological activities, pathological processes, or pharmacologic responses to a clinical treatment. Several biomarker values have been discovered to be greater in patients with diabetes than in control subjects among those who have recently developed heart failure. Myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy are the primary characteristics of DCM, and structural alterations in the diabetic myocardium are often examined by non-invasive, reliable, and reproducible procedures. An invasive method called endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is most often used to diagnose many cardiac illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Quaiyoom
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Ranjeet Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
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11
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Zheng J, Qiu Y, Xu Y, Quan M, Zhong Z, Wang Q, Wu Y, Zeng X, Xia C, Liu R. Magnetic particle-based chemiluminescence immunoassay for serum human heart-type fatty acid binding protein measurement. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:1431-1440. [PMID: 37736778 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human heart-type fatty acid binding protein (HFABP) is a biomarker for diagnosis, risk assessment, and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction, and we aimed to establish an immunoassay for HFABP quantitation. METHODS Human HFABP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed, evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) generated. Analytical performance of the CLEIA was evaluated by measuring serum HFABP. RESULTS The prokaryotically expressed rHFABP was purified and four anti-HFABP mAbs with superior detection performance were obtained after immunizing BALB/c mice. MAbs 2B8 and 6B3 were selected as respective capture and detection antibodies for HFABP measurement by CLEIA (detection range, 0.01-128 μg/L). Results using the CLEIA showed excellent correlation (r, 0.9622) and the correlation coefficient was 0.9809 (P < 0.05) by the Tukey test statistical analysis with those of latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry in hospitals. CONCLUSION Our mAbs and CLEIA for HFABP detection represent new diagnostic tools for measurement of human serum HFABP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zheng
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Immunodiagnostic Reagents Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yilan Qiu
- Immunodiagnostic Reagents Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ye Xu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Immunodiagnostic Reagents Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Meifang Quan
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Immunodiagnostic Reagents Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhihong Zhong
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Immunodiagnostic Reagents Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Qinglin Wang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Immunodiagnostic Reagents Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Immunodiagnostic Reagents Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Immunodiagnostic Reagents Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Chuan Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Rushi Liu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China.
- Immunodiagnostic Reagents Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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12
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Pei XB, Liu B. Research Progress on the Mechanism and Management of Septic Cardiomyopathy: A Comprehensive Review. Emerg Med Int 2023; 2023:8107336. [PMID: 38029224 PMCID: PMC10681771 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8107336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a kind of life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host immune response to infection and is a leading cause of mortality in the intensive care unit. Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction, also called septic cardiomyopathy, is a common and serious complication in patients with sepsis, which may indicate a bad prognosis. Although efforts have been made to uncover the pathophysiology of septic cardiomyopathy, a number of uncertainties remain. This article sought to review available literature to summarize the existing knowledge on current diagnostic tools and biomarkers, pathogenesis, and treatments for septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bin Pei
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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13
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Sun JH, Liu XK, Xing XW, Yang Y, Xuan HH, Fu BB. Value of Cardiac Troponin, Myoglobin Combined with Heart-type Fatty Acid-binding Protein Detection in Diagnosis of Early Acute Myocardial Infarction. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:1690-1694. [PMID: 37936785 PMCID: PMC10626125 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.6.7101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the value of cardiac troponin(cTn), myoglobin(Myo) combined with heart-type fatty acid-binding protein(H-FABP) detection in the diagnosis of early acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods This study was a clinical comparative study. Eighty patients with AMI hospitalized in Tangshan Workers' Hospital were selected as study group, and another 80 individuals receiving normal physical examination were selected as control group from September 20, 2021 to September 20, 2022. The concentrations of cTn, Myo and H-FABPP, diagnostic indicators, the sensitivity and specificity of combined diagnosis, as well as the diagnostic efficacy for AMI were compared between the two groups. Results The levels of cTn, Myo and H-FABPP in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P= 0.00). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cTn, Myo and H-FABP were all relevant indicators for AMI. H-FABP alone has better diagnostic efficacy for AMI. The area under the curve of their combined detection, the specificity, and the sensitivity were higher than those of cTn, Myo and H-FABP alone, indicating that their combined application has the best diagnostic efficiency. cTn, Myo and H-FABP levels were positively correlated with Glu, TC, LDL-C and hs-CRP levels(P< 0.01), while negatively correlated with HDL level(P< 0.01). Conclusions The combined detection of cardiac markers such as cTn, Myo and H-FABP presents higher sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of AMI compared with any single detection, and can provide better data support for the definite diagnosis of AMI, with high clinical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian hua Sun
- Jian hua Sun, Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Workers’ Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Xiao kun Liu
- Xiao kun Liu, Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Workers’ Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Xiao wei Xing
- Xiao wei Xing, Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Workers’ Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Yang Yang, Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Workers’ Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Hui hong Xuan
- Hui hong Xuan, Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Workers’ Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Bin bin Fu
- Bin bin Fu, Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Qianxi people’s Hospital, Tangshan, 064303, Hebei, P.R. China
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14
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Kutlu E, Avci E, Acar K. Postmortem biochemistry in deaths from ischemic heart disease. J Forensic Leg Med 2023; 100:102599. [PMID: 37839363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2023.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and sudden cardiac death worldwide and is an important public health problem. The presence of ischemia in clinical applications can be detected by ECG, biochemical markers, and radiological methods. Myocardial infarction is also frequently encountered in forensic autopsies. Postmortem diagnosis is determined as a result of histopathological examinations and additional exclusionary examinations (toxicology, microbiology, etc.). However, routine histopathological examinations are insufficient, especially when death occurs in the early period of ischemia. It creates a problem for forensic pathologists and forensic medicine specialists in such cases of sudden cardiac death. Postmortem biochemistry is one of the important and promising disciplines in which forensic applications work in order to diagnose these cases correctly. The issue of whether biomarkers used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in clinical studies can be used reliably in postmortem cases has been discussed by forensic medicine researchers for some time. This manuscript aims to review and summarize biomarkers belonging to various categories that have been studied in IHD-related deaths, in biological fluids taken at autopsy, or in animal experiments. Our study shows that the postmortem use of biochemical markers in the diagnosis of IHD yields promising results. However, it should not be forgotten that postmortem biochemistry is different from clinical applications due to its dynamics and that the body causes unpredictable changes in markers in the postmortem process. Therefore, comprehensive studies are needed to evaluate the postmortem stability of these markers in different biological fluids, their significance among various causes of death, and whether they are affected by any variable (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Postmortem interval, medications, etc.) before they are routinely applied. It is suggested by the authors that the cut-off values of biomarkers whose significance has been proven by these studies should be determined and that they should be used in this way in routine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdi Kutlu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Health Harakani State Hospital, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Esin Avci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Kemalettin Acar
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
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15
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Katsioupa M, Kourampi I, Oikonomou E, Tsigkou V, Theofilis P, Charalambous G, Marinos G, Gialamas I, Zisimos K, Anastasiou A, Katsianos E, Kalogeras K, Katsarou O, Vavuranakis M, Siasos G, Tousoulis D. Novel Biomarkers and Their Role in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1992. [PMID: 37895374 PMCID: PMC10608753 DOI: 10.3390/life13101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The burden of cardiovascular diseases and the critical role of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in their progression underscore the need for effective diagnostic and prognostic tools. Biomarkers have emerged as crucial instruments for ACS diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognosis assessment. Among these, high-sensitivity troponin (hs-cTn) has revolutionized ACS diagnosis due to its superior sensitivity and negative predictive value. However, challenges regarding specificity, standardization, and interpretation persist. Beyond troponins, various biomarkers reflecting myocardial injury, neurohormonal activation, inflammation, thrombosis, and other pathways are being explored to refine ACS management. This review article comprehensively explores the landscape of clinically used biomarkers intricately involved in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prognosis of ACS (i.e., troponins, creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP), copeptin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), d-dimers, fibrinogen), especially focusing on the prognostic role of natriuretic peptides and of inflammatory indices. Research data on novel biomarkers (i.e., endocan, galectin, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity (sST2), microRNAs (miRNAs), soluble oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1), F2 isoprostanes, and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15)) are further analyzed, aiming to shed light on the multiplicity of pathophysiologic mechanisms implicated in the evolution of ACS. By elucidating the complex interplay of these biomarkers in ACS pathophysiology, diagnosis, and outcomes, this review aims to enhance our understanding of the evolving trajectory and advancements in ACS management. However, further research is necessary to establish the clinical utility and integration of these biomarkers into routine practice to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Katsioupa
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Islam Kourampi
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Vasiliki Tsigkou
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.T.); (D.T.)
| | - Georgios Charalambous
- Department of Emergency Medicine, “Hippokration” General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - George Marinos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Gialamas
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Konstantinos Zisimos
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Artemis Anastasiou
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Efstratios Katsianos
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Konstantinos Kalogeras
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Ourania Katsarou
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Manolis Vavuranakis
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital “Sotiria”, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (I.K.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (K.Z.); (A.A.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (O.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, “Hippokration” General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.T.); (D.T.)
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Yan M, Liu S, Zeng W, Guo Q, Mei Y, Shao X, Su L, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Wang L, Diao H, Rong X, Guo J. The Chinese herbal medicine Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating cardiac abnormal lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics in diabetic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114919. [PMID: 37302318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important complication leading to the death of patients with diabetes, but there is no effective strategy for clinical treatments. Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi (FTZ) is a patent medicine that is a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation with comprehensive effects for the prevention and treatment of glycolipid metabolic diseases under the guidance of "modulating liver, starting pivot and cleaning turbidity". FTZ was proposed by Professor Guo Jiao and is used for the clinical treatment of hyperlipidemia. This study was designed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of FTZ on heart lipid metabolism dysfunction and mitochondrial dynamics disorder in mice with DCM, and it provides a theoretical basis for the myocardial protective effect of FTZ in diabetes. In this study, we demonstrated that FTZ protected heart function in DCM mice and downregulated the overexpression of free fatty acids (FFAs) uptake-related proteins cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1). Moreover, FTZ treatment showed a regulatory effect on mitochondrial dynamics by inhibiting mitochondrial fission and promoting mitochondrial fusion. We also identified in vitro that FTZ could restore lipid metabolism-related proteins, mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins and mitochondrial energy metabolism in PA-treated cardiomyocytes. Our study indicated that FTZ improves the cardiac function of diabetic mice by attenuating the increase in fasting blood glucose levels, inhibiting the decrease in body weight, alleviating disordered lipid metabolism, and restoring mitochondrial dynamics and myocardial apoptosis in diabetic mouse hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suping Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenru Zeng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiaoling Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Mei
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoqi Shao
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liyan Su
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhou Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lexun Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongtao Diao
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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17
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Xu Y, Jiang H, Zhu B, Cao M, Feng T, Sun Z, Du G, Zhao Z. Advances and applications of fluids biomarkers in diagnosis and therapeutic targets of Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023. [PMID: 37144603 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with challenging early diagnosis and effective treatments due to its complex pathogenesis. AD patients are often diagnosed after the appearance of the typical symptoms, thereby delaying the best opportunity for effective measures. Biomarkers could be the key to resolving the challenge. This review aims to provide an overview of application and potential value of AD biomarkers in fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and saliva, in diagnosis and treatment. METHODS A comprehensive search of the relevant literature was conducted to summarize potential biomarkers for AD in fluids. The paper further explored the biomarkers' utility in disease diagnosis and drug target development. RESULTS Research on biomarkers mainly focused on amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, Tau protein abnormal phosphorylation, axon damage, synaptic dysfunction, inflammation, and related hypotheses associated with AD mechanisms. Aβ42 , total Tau (t-Tau), and phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), have been endorsed for their diagnostic and predictive capability. However, other biomarkers remain controversial. Drugs targeting Aβ have shown some efficacy and those that target BACE1 and Tau are still undergoing development. CONCLUSION Fluid biomarkers hold considerable potential in the diagnosis and drug development of AD. However, improvements in sensitivity and specificity, and approaches for managing sample impurities, need to be addressed for better diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hailun Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingnan Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongshi Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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18
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Jin Q, Zhang X, Zhang L, Li J, Lv Y, Li N, Wang L, Wu R, Li LS. Fabrication of CuInZnS/ZnS Quantum Dot Microbeads by a Two-Step Approach of Emulsification-Solvent Evaporation and Surfactant Substitution and Its Application for Quantitative Detection. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:3474-3484. [PMID: 36789761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
CuInS2 quantum dots (CIS QDs) are considered to be promising alternatives for Cd-based QDs in the fields of biology and medicine. However, high-quality hydrophobic CIS QDs are difficult to be transferred to water due to their 1-dodecylmercaptan (DDT) ligands. Therefore, the fluorescence and stability of the prepared aqueous CIS QDs is not enough to meet the requirement for sensitive detection. Here, as large as 13 nm CuInZnS/ZnS QDs with DDT ligands were first synthesized, and then, CuInZnS/ZnS microbeads (QBs) containing thousands of QDs were successfully fabricated by a two-step approach of emulsion-solvent evaporation and surfactant substitution. Through emulsion-solvent evaporation, the CuInZnS/ZnS QDs formed microbeads in the microemulsion with dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), and the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been effectively overcome. Then, CO-520 was introduced to substitute DTAB to improve the stability and water solubility. Lastly, the microbeads were coated with a SiO2 shell and carboxylated. Subsequently, the constructed QBs (∼210 nm) were used as labels in a fluorescence immunosorbent assay (FLISA) for quantitative detection of heart type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), and the limit of detection was 0.48 ng mL-1, which indicated a greatly improved detection sensitivity compared to that of the Cd-free QDs. The highly fluorescent and stable CuInZnS/ZnS QBs will have great application prospects in many biological fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Jin
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jinjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yanbing Lv
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ruili Wu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lin Song Li
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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19
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Mohan IK, Baba KSSS, Iyyapu R, Thirumalasetty S, Satish OS. Advances in congestive heart failure biomarkers. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 112:205-248. [PMID: 36642484 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly worldwide. Although many biomarkers associated with in heart failure, these are generally prognostic and identify patients with moderate and severe disease. Unfortunately, the role of biomarkers in decision making for early and advanced heart failure remains largely unexplored. Previous studies suggest the natriuretic peptides have the potential to improve the diagnosis of heart failure, but they still have significant limitations related to cut-off values. Although some promising cardiac biomarkers have emerged, comprehensive data from large cohort studies is lacking. The utility of multiple biomarkers that reflect various pathophysiologic pathways are increasingly being explored in heart failure risk stratification and to diagnose disease conditions promptly and accurately. MicroRNAs serve as mediators and/or regulators of renin-angiotensin-induced cardiac remodeling by directly targeting enzymes, receptors and signaling molecules. The role of miRNA in HF diagnosis is a promising area of research and further exploration may offer both diagnostic and prognostic applications and phenotype-specific targets. In this review, we provide insight into the classification of different biochemical and molecular markers associated with CHF, examine clinical usefulness in CHF and highlight the most clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K S S Sai Baba
- Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rohit Iyyapu
- Katuri Medical College & Hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - O Sai Satish
- Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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20
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Structural Insights into Mouse H-FABP. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091445. [PMID: 36143481 PMCID: PMC9505153 DOI: 10.3390/life12091445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins are evolutionarily highly conserved proteins. The major functions and responsibilities of this family are the regulation of FA uptake and intracellular transport. The structure of the H-FABP ortholog from mouse (Mus musculus) had not been revealed at the time this study was completed. Thus, further exploration of the structural properties of mouse H-FABP is expected to extend our knowledge of the model animal’s molecular mechanism of H-FABP function. Here, we report the high-resolution crystal structure and the NMR characterization of mouse H-FABP. Our work discloses the unique structural features of mouse H-FABP, offering a structural basis for the further development of small-molecule inhibitors for H-FABP.
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21
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From Classic to Modern Prognostic Biomarkers in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169168. [PMID: 36012430 PMCID: PMC9409468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite all the important advances in its diagnosis and treatment, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still one of the most prominent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early identification of patients at high risk of poor outcomes through the measurement of various biomarker concentrations might contribute to more accurate risk stratification and help to guide more individualized therapeutic strategies, thus improving prognoses. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the role and applications of cardiac biomarkers in risk stratification and prognostic assessment for patients with myocardial infarction. Although there is no ideal biomarker that can provide prognostic information for risk assessment in patients with AMI, the results obtained in recent years are promising. Several novel biomarkers related to the pathophysiological processes found in patients with myocardial infarction, such as inflammation, neurohormonal activation, myocardial stress, myocardial necrosis, cardiac remodeling and vasoactive processes, have been identified; they may bring additional value for AMI prognosis when included in multi-biomarker strategies. Furthermore, the use of artificial intelligence algorithms for risk stratification and prognostic assessment in these patients may have an extremely important role in improving outcomes.
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22
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Jaiswal A, Vamne A, Verma MK, Doctor B. H-FABP as a diagnostic marker for early detection of young myocardial infarction among Indians. Bioinformation 2022; 18:506-512. [PMID: 37168777 PMCID: PMC10165047 DOI: 10.6026/97320630018506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is of interest to document the point-of-care test using heart-type fatty-acid binding protein (H-FABP) in comparison with CK-MB, Troponin T and hsCRP. This is a more sensitive and specific cardiac biomarker than cTnT and CK-MB, and it has a higher diagnostic effectiveness for detecting early acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The case-control study enrolled 220 participants (110 myocardial infarction patients as cases and 110 healthy subjects as control) > 18 years of either sex after ethical clearance and informed consent form. The study conducted was conducted in the OPD and IPD of Medicine and Biochemistry Department at Moti Lal Nehru Medical College and Swaroop Rani Nehru Hospital Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh; Index Medical College & Hospital, Malwanchal University, India. The amount of H-FABP, CKMB and cTnT was measured using the Sandwich ELISA method and hs-CRP was evaluated using the immune-turbidimetry method. H-FABP correlation with selected markers (CK-MB, hs CRP and TnT) and CK-MB was significant. A positive correlation (r=0.2 to 0.29) was found when H-FABP was compared with CK-MB (p<0.05). Similar positive correlation was found in CK-MB with cTnT. H-FABP is a useful cardiac marker for the early diagnosis of young AMI and thus prediction of myocardial injury is possible. H-FABP compared with CK-MB showed positive correlation. CK-MB with cTnT also showed statistically significant relation. Thus, H-FABP and CK-MB, as well as the correlation between CK-MB and TnT, reflects utility in early-stage diagnosis of myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry Index Medical College, Malwanchal University Indore, India
| | - Amrita Vamne
- Department of Biochemistry Index Medical College, Malwanchal University Indore, India
| | | | - Beenu Doctor
- Department of Biochemistry, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Prayagraj, India
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23
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Biomarkers of Myocardial Injury and Remodeling in Heart Failure. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050799. [PMID: 35629221 PMCID: PMC9144334 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With its complicated pathophysiology, high incidence and prevalence, heart failure remains a major public concern. In hopes of improving diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, the utility of many different biomarkers is researched vigorously around the world. In this review, biomarkers of myocardial remodeling and fibrosis (galectin-3, soluble isoform of suppression of tumorigenicity 2, matrix metalloproteinases, osteopontin, interleukin-6, syndecan-4, myostatin, procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide, procollagen type III N-terminal propeptide, vascular endothelial growth factor, nitric oxidase synthetase and asymmetric dimethylarginine), myocyte injury (heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, glutathione S-transferase P1 and heat shock protein 60), as well as iron metabolism (ferritin, transferrin saturation, soluble transferrin receptor and hepcidin), are considered in terms of possible clinical applicability and significance. Our short review consists of a summary of the aforementioned cardiovascular biomarkers’ clinical relevance and perspectives.
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24
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Shi Z, Xu Z, Hu J, Wei W, Zeng X, Zhao WW, Lin P. Ascorbic acid-mediated organic photoelectrochemical transistor sensing strategy for highly sensitive detection of heart-type fatty acid binding protein. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 201:113958. [PMID: 34996003 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) has been regarded as a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Developing fast and reliable method for H-FABP detection is still highly desirable but challenging. Herein, an ascorbic acid (AA)-mediated organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) sensing strategy was reported for the detection of H-FABP in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution and human serum. A primary antibody/H-FABP/secondary antibody-Au NPs-alkaline phosphatase (ALP) sandwich immunorecognition structure was constructed. The modified ALP could catalytically convert ascorbic acid-2-phosphate to AA, which was then analyzed by OPECT. As a result, the AA-mediated OPECT sensing strategy realized highly sensitive detection of H-FABP with a detection limit of 3.23 × 10-14 g/mL which is two orders of magnitude lower than that of PEC method. Under optimal experimental conditions, H-FABP concentration could be obtained in ∼90 min. Importantly, the analysis of H-FABP was resistant to the interference from immunoglobulin G, bovine serum albumin, cysteine, AA and human serum. The proposed AA-mediated OPECT sensing strategy provides a simple, fast, and accurate way for H-FABP detection in AMI suspected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuonan Shi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials & Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials & Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Jin Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials & Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Weiwei Wei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials & Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xierong Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials & Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Peng Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials & Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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25
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of tPVAT during Ang II Infusion. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121820. [PMID: 34944635 PMCID: PMC8698607 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) homeostasis plays an important role in maintaining vascular function, and PVAT dysfunction may induce several pathophysiological situations. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of the local angiotensin II (Ang II) on PVAT. High-throughput comparative proteomic analysis, based on TMT labeling combined with LC-MS/MS, were performed on an in vivo Ang II infusion mice model to obtain a comprehensive view of the protein ensembles associated with thoracic PVAT (tPVAT) dysfunction induced by Ang II. In total, 5037 proteins were confidently identified, of which 4984 proteins were quantified. Compared with the saline group, 145 proteins were upregulated and 146 proteins were downregulated during Ang II-induced tPVAT pathogenesis. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that the most enriched GO terms were annotated as gene silencing, monosaccharide binding, and extracellular matrix. In addition, some novel proteins, potentially associated with Ang II infusion, were identified, such as acyl-CoA carboxylase α, very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSVL), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), perilipin, RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 (RasGRF2), and hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Ang II could directly participate in the regulation of lipid metabolism, transportation, and adipocyte differentiation by affecting UCP1 and perilipin. Importantly, the key KEGG pathways were involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, FABP3-PPARα/γ, RasGRF2-ERK-HIF-1α, RasGRF2-PKC-HIF-1α, and STAT3-HIF-1α axis. The present study provided the most comprehensive proteome profile of mice tPVAT and some novel insights into Ang II-mediated tPVAT dysfunction and will be helpful for understanding the possible relationship between local RAS activation and PVAT dysfunction.
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26
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Diagnostic biomarkers of dilated cardiomyopathy. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152153. [PMID: 34784575 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition involving dilation of cardiac chambers, which results in contraction impairment. Besides invasive and non-invasive diagnostic procedures, cardiac biomarkers are of great importance in both diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. These biomarkers are categorized into three groups based on their site; cardiomyocyte biomarkers, microenvironmental biomarkers and macroenvironmental biomarkers. AIMS In this review, an overview of characteristics, epidemiology, etiology and clinical manifestations of DCM is provided. In addition, the most important biomarkers, of all three categories, and their diagnostic and prognostic values are discussed. CONCLUSION Considering the association of DCM with conditions such as infections and autoimmunity, which are prevalent among the population, introducing efficient diagnostic tools is of high value for the early detection of DCM to prevent its severe complications. The three discussed classes of biomarkers are potential candidates for the detection of DCM. However, further studies are necessary in this regard.
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