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Salazar-Castañón VH, Juárez-Avelar I, Legorreta-Herrera M, Rodriguez-Sosa M. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor contributes to immunopathogenesis during Plasmodium yoelii 17XL infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:968422. [PMID: 36093199 PMCID: PMC9449124 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.968422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine recognized regulator of the inflammatory immune response associated with several immune cells that produce inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, and TNF-α. This study aimed to understand the effect of MIF on the immune response and pathogenesis during Plasmodium infection. Wild-type (Wt) and MIF knockout (Mif -/-) mice were intravenously infected with 1×103 Plasmodium yoelii (Py) 17XL-parasitized red blood cells. Our data showed that Py17XL-infected Wt mice died 11 days postinfection, while Mif -/- mice showed reduced parasitemia and an increase in their survival at day 11 up to 58%, importantly they succumb up to day 21 postinfection. The increased survival rate in Mif -/- mice was associated with less severe cachexia and anemia as a result of a mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine profile, high levels of IL-12, IL-17/IL-4, and IL-10 in serum; and high levels of IL-4 and IL-10, and low levels of IFN-γ in spleen cells compared to Py17XL infected Wt mice. Moreover, macrophages (Mφs) from Mif -/- mice exhibited higher concentrations of IL-10 and IL-12 and reduced levels of TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) compared to Py17XL-infected Wt mice. These results demonstrate that MIF has an important role in regulating the immune response associated with host pathogenesis and lethality, which is relevant to consider in preventing/reducing complications in Plasmodium infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor H. Salazar-Castañón
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular, Unidad de Investigación Química Computacional, Síntesis y Farmacología en Moléculas de Interés Biológico, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Imelda Juárez-Avelar
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Martha Legorreta-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular, Unidad de Investigación Química Computacional, Síntesis y Farmacología en Moléculas de Interés Biológico, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico,*Correspondence: Miriam Rodriguez-Sosa, ; Martha Legorreta-Herrera,
| | - Miriam Rodriguez-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Estado de México, Mexico,*Correspondence: Miriam Rodriguez-Sosa, ; Martha Legorreta-Herrera,
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Sparkes A, De Baetselier P, Roelants K, De Trez C, Magez S, Van Ginderachter JA, Raes G, Bucala R, Stijlemans B. Reprint of: The non-mammalian MIF superfamily. Immunobiology 2017; 222:858-867. [PMID: 28552269 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was first described as a cytokine 50 years ago, and emerged in mammals as a pleiotropic protein with pro-inflammatory, chemotactic, and growth-promoting activities. In addition, MIF has gained substantial attention as a pivotal upstream mediator of innate and adaptive immune responses and with pathologic roles in several diseases. Of less importance in mammals is an intrinsic but non-physiologic enzymatic activity that points to MIF's evolution from an ancient defense molecule. Therefore, it is not surprising that mif-like genes also have been found across a range of different organisms including bacteria, plants, protozoa, helminths, molluscs, arthropods, fish, amphibians and birds. While Genebank analysis identifying mif-like genes across species is extensive, contained herein is an overview of the non-mammalian MIF-like proteins that have been most well studied experimentally. For many of these organisms, MIF contributes to an innate defense system or plays a role in development. For parasitic organisms however, MIF appears to function as a virulence factor aiding in the establishment or persistence of infection by modulating the host immune response. Consequently, a combined targeting of both parasitic and host MIF could lead to more effective treatment strategies for parasitic diseases of socioeconomic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sparkes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Baetselier
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim Roelants
- Amphibian Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carl De Trez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Magez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jo A Van Ginderachter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Raes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Benoît Stijlemans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.
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Sparkes A, De Baetselier P, Roelants K, De Trez C, Magez S, Van Ginderachter JA, Raes G, Bucala R, Stijlemans B. The non-mammalian MIF superfamily. Immunobiology 2017; 222:473-482. [PMID: 27780588 PMCID: PMC5293613 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was first described as a cytokine 50 years ago, and emerged in mammals as a pleiotropic protein with pro-inflammatory, chemotactic, and growth-promoting activities. In addition, MIF has gained substantial attention as a pivotal upstream mediator of innate and adaptive immune responses and with pathologic roles in several diseases. Of less importance in mammals is an intrinsic but non-physiologic enzymatic activity that points to MIF's evolution from an ancient defense molecule. Therefore, it is not surprising that mif-like genes also have been found across a range of different organisms including bacteria, plants, protozoa, helminths, molluscs, arthropods, fish, amphibians and birds. While Genebank analysis identifying mif-like genes across species is extensive, contained herein is an overview of the non-mammalian MIF-like proteins that have been most well studied experimentally. For many of these organisms, MIF contributes to an innate defense system or plays a role in development. For parasitic organisms however, MIF appears to function as a virulence factor aiding in the establishment or persistence of infection by modulating the host immune response. Consequently, a combined targeting of both parasitic and host MIF could lead to more effective treatment strategies for parasitic diseases of socioeconomic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sparkes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Baetselier
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium
| | - Kim Roelants
- Amphibian Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carl De Trez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Magez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jo A Van Ginderachter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium
| | - Geert Raes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Benoît Stijlemans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium.
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Wei J, Gu Y, Yang J, Yang Y, Wang S, Cui S, Zhu X. Identification and characterization of protective epitope of Trichinella spiralis paramyosin. Vaccine 2011; 29:3162-8. [PMID: 21382481 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trichinella spiralis paramyosin (Ts-Pmy) is a protective antigen that induces partial immunity against T. spiralis infection in mice. To identify protective epitope of Ts-Pmy, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) 7E2 against the recombinant protein was generated, which partially protected against T. spiralis infection following passive transfer. The mAb was used to screen a random phage-displayed peptide library. Ten positive clones were identified, most of which matched amino acids 88-107 or 108-127 of Ts-Pmy. Expression of overlapping fragments of Ts-Pmy in E. coli confirmed that region 88-107 was specifically recognized by 7E2. A peptide based on this epitope region (YX1) was synthesized and shown to compete with native Ts-Pmy for binding to 7E2. Mice immunized with KLH-conjugated YX1 were protected against T. spiralis larval challenge. The identification of a protective epitope within Ts-Pmy highlights the possibility of developing a subunit vaccine against T. spiralis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Wei
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
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Plasma concentration of malaria parasite-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor in uncomplicated malaria patients correlates with parasitemia and disease severity. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2010; 17:1524-32. [PMID: 20702656 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00149-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Host macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of malaria infections. Several Plasmodium parasite-derived MIFs were identified to have the potential to regulate host immune response. However, the role of Plasmodium MIFs in the immunopathogenesis of malaria infection and the relationships between these mediators and inflammatory cytokines remained unclear. In this study, we have investigated two Plasmodium MIFs in peripheral blood of uncomplicated malaria patients and analyzed their correlations with several major factors during malaria infection. We found that both Plasmodium falciparum MIF (PfMIF) and Plasmodium vivax MIF (PvMIF) levels in patients were positively correlated with parasitemia, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-10 (IL-10), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 but were not correlated with transforming growth factor β1 and IL-12. Of interest was that the PvMIF level was positively correlated with host body temperature and human MIF (HuMIF) concentrations. Moreover, multiple stepwise regression analysis also showed that parasitemia, IL-10, and HuMIF expression were significant predictors of Plasmodium MIF production. In addition, during antimalarial drug treatment, the decreasing of Plasmodium MIF concentrations was followed by parasitemia in most patients. Our results suggested that the Plasmodium MIF circulating level reflects the level of parasitemia and thus was closely correlated with disease severity in uncomplicated malaria. Therefore, this factor has the potential to be a promising disease predictor and is applicable in clinical diagnosis.
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