Regulation of Notch Signaling Pathway to Innate Lymphoid Cells in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

γ-Secretase inhibitor alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial injury through regulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling

BACKGROUND

Septic myocardial injury is one of the most life-threatening organ dysfunction. The γ-secretase-based approaches have been developed as potential strategies for diverse diseases management. Unfortunately, the role of γ-secretase inhibitor in septic myocardial injury is unclarified. The present study aims to investigate the effect of γ-secretase inhibitor in septic myocardial injury and reveal its mechanism.

METHODS

The mouse model of septic myocardial injury was established by intraperitoneally injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and γ-secretase inhibitor MW167 was applied in this model. RNA-sequencing analysis and further bioinformatics analyses were used to screen differential expressed genes (DEGs) and potentially enriched pathways between LPS and LPS + MW167 mice. Pathological examination was performed using haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. SD-1029 was used to block JAK2/STAT3 signaling in H9C2 cells and western blot analysis quantified JAK2/STAT3-related proteins.

RESULTS

LPS induced myocardial injury accompanied with significant inflammatory infiltration and more apoptotic cells. Transcriptome sequencing screened 36 DEGs and bioinformatics identified JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was significantly enriched. Further in vitro experiments showed that γ-secretase inhibitor MW167 activated JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Additionally, MW167 restored cell viability, decreased myocardial injury markers including cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and reduced nitric oxide (NO), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) release. Application of SD-1029 reversely deteriorated LPS-induced myocardial injury and inflammatory response in γ-secretase inhibitor-treated myocardial cells.

CONCLUSION

The results demonstrate that γ-secretase inhibitor alleviates septic myocardial injury via activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling, and provide novel therapeutic direction for septic myocardial injury.

ILC3: a case of conflicted identity

Innate lymphoid cells type 3 (ILC3s) are the first line sentinels at the mucous tissues, where they contribute to the homeostatic immune response in a major way. Also, they have been increasingly appreciated as important modulators of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune responses, both locally and systemically. The proper identification of ILC3 is of utmost importance for meaningful studies on their role in immunity. Flow cytometry is the method of choice for the detection and characterization of ILC3. However, the analysis of ILC3-related papers shows inconsistency in ILC3 phenotypic definition, as different inclusion and exclusion markers are used for their identification. Here, we present these discrepancies in the phenotypic characterization of human and mouse ILC3s. We discuss the pros and cons of using various markers for ILC3 identification. Furthermore, we consider the possibilities for the efficient isolation and propagation of ILC3 from different organs and tissues for in-vitro and in-vivo studies. This paper calls upon uniformity in ILC3 definition, isolation, and propagation for the increased possibility of confluent interpretation of ILC3's role in immunity.

Identification of prognostic and diagnostic signatures for cancer and acute myocardial infarction: multi-omics approaches for deciphering heterogeneity to enhance patient management

Patients diagnosed with cancer face an increased risk of cardiovascular events in the short term, while those experiencing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a higher incidence of cancer. Given limitations in clinical resources, identifying shared biomarkers offers a cost-effective approach to risk assessment by minimizing the need for multiple tests and screenings. Hence, it is crucial to identify common biomarkers for both cancer survival and AMI prediction. Our study suggests that monocyte-derived biomarkers, specifically WEE1, PYHIN1, SEC61A2, and HAL, hold potential as predictors for cancer prognosis and AMI. We employed a novel formula to analyze mRNA levels in clinical samples from patients with AMI and cancer, resulting in the development of a new risk score based on expression profiles. By categorizing patients into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the median risk score, we observed significantly poorer overall survival among high-risk patients in cancer cohorts using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Furthermore, calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve analyses provided additional evidence supporting the robust diagnostic capacity of the risk score for AMI. Noteworthy is the shared activation of the Notch Signaling pathway, which may shed light on common high-risk factors underlying both AMI and cancer. Additionally, we validated the differential expression of these genes in cell lines and clinical samples, respectively, reinforcing their potential as meaningful biomarkers. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the promise of mRNA levels as biomarkers and emphasizes the significance of further research for validation and refinement.