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Maxwell-Scott M, O'Keeffe F, Eccles FJR. Coping with Tourette's syndrome: a meta-ethnography of individual and family perspectives. Psychol Health 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38818804 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2360126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-ethnography aimed to examine how children, adults and families cope with Tourette's syndrome (TS). METHODS A systematic search of four databases was completed in October 2022. Sixteen papers met the inclusion criteria and were synthesised using Noblit and Hare's (1988) meta-ethnographic approach. RESULTS Three themes were constructed: redefining the self and social identity, controlling the visible presentation of Tourette's syndrome, and challenging the narrative. CONCLUSION Findings indicate that coping involves the need to integrate TS with identity, to exert control over tics and to challenge the misrepresentations of TS in wider society. A supportive environment provided by parents and friends enables individuals to feel proud that they can control their tics, and this allows for the positive integration of TS into identity. Raising awareness at a societal level through educational campaigns is important when aiming to improve coping with a stigmatised condition. Further research is recommended, for example, to understand how common co-occurring conditions, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, impact coping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fiadhnait O'Keeffe
- Department of Psychology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona J R Eccles
- Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Marchetti D, Sawrikar V. Parents' illness representations of their child with anorexia nervosa: A systematic review of qualitative studies using the common-sense model. Int J Eat Disord 2024; 57:1049-1068. [PMID: 37916901 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research indicates that parents experience distress while caring for a child with anorexia nervosa. Applying the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM), a framework to describe responses to illness may help to understand the antecedents of parental distress, which could inform how to support parents in treatment. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize outcomes from qualitative research in relation to parents' experiences of caring for a child with anorexia nervosa using the CSM. METHOD Systematic search of four electronic databases (psychINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ProQuest Dissertation, and Theses Database) alongside a two-way screening process was used to identify eligible studies. Qualitative themes were synthesized using a "best fit" framework analysis and reported according to CSM dimensions of cognitive and emotional illness representations. RESULTS A total of 32 studies published between 1970 and 2023 were eligible for inclusion for review. Parents perceived their child's anorexia nervosa as a major health threat observable by illness representations that anorexia nervosa was uncontrollable, incomprehensible, chronic, and associated with negative consequences. The themes also suggested parents take responsibility for causing anorexia nervosa. These illness representations were linked with emotional representations of fear, anxiety, shame, guilt, loneliness, and depression. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide evidence of the utility of using the CSM to understand the antecedents of parents' distress and negative impacts of caring for a child with anorexia nervosa. Recommendations for future research and clinical practice are discussed emphasizing the need to understand parents' perceptions of their child's illness to putatively maximize treatment benefits for families. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE This review emphasizes the salience of understanding parents distress while caring for a child with anorexia nervosa. The findings present opportunities to best support parents in treatment, with a focus on addressing their cognitive and emotional representations of their child's illness. A multicomponent treatment regimen may be required to support parents if they present with illness representations that negatively affect their well-being and ability to cope with distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doriana Marchetti
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Clinical Psychology, NHS Grampian, UK
| | - Vilas Sawrikar
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Robertson EG, Kelada L, Best S, Goranitis I, Pierce K, Bye A, Palmer EE. Quality of life in caregivers of a child with a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:206-215. [PMID: 37421242 PMCID: PMC10952662 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the relationship between social care-related quality of life (SCrQoL) for caregivers of a child with a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE; such as SCN2A and Dravet syndrome) and health literacy, illness perceptions, and caregiver activation. METHOD As part of a larger pre-post pilot study of an information linker service, caregivers completed a baseline questionnaire which included demographics and measures to assess SCrQoL, health literacy, illness perceptions, and caregiver activation. We used Spearman's Rho to determine relationships between variables. RESULTS Seventy-two caregivers completed the questionnaire. Total SCrQoL varied widely, ranging from an 'ideal state' to 'high needs state'. Caregivers most frequently reported high needs regarding doing activities they enjoy and looking after themselves. Total SCrQoL was correlated with cognitive (r[70] = -0.414, p < 0.000) and emotional representations of illness (r[70] = -0.503, p < 0.000), but not coherence (r = -0.075, p = 0.529). Total SCrQoL was not correlated with health literacy (r[70] = 0.125, p = 0.295) or caregiver activation (r[70] = 0.181, p = 0.127). INTERPRETATION Future research should explore whether interventions that help caregivers cognitively reframe the negative experiences of having a child with a DEE, and support them to partake in activities they enjoy, boost their SCrQoL. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Caregiver social care-related quality of life (SCrQoL) varied widely, from 'ideal state' to 'high needs state'. Most common high needs were doing enjoyable activities and self-care. Caregivers with higher SCrQoL may perceive their child's illness as less threatening. SCrQoL does not appear to be related to caregiver activation in this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden G Robertson
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Lauren Kelada
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Stephanie Best
- Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Dept of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ilias Goranitis
- Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Health Economics Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kristine Pierce
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, Australia
- Epilepsy Foundation, Surrey Hills, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Annie Bye
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network - Randwick, Randwick, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E Palmer
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network - Randwick, Randwick, Australia
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Ringnér A, Björk M, Olsson C. Effects of Person-Centered Information for Parents of Children With Cancer (the PIFBO Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY NURSING 2023; 40:400-410. [PMID: 36731493 DOI: 10.1177/27527530221115860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Conveying information to parents is a core part of pediatric oncology nursing; however, most published interventions do not tailor information to individual parental needs. Objective: To evaluate the effect on parental illness-related stress of person-centered information provided to parents of children with cancer. Methods: A multicenter, unblinded randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms recruiting parents of children diagnosed within the past two months from two tertiary children's cancer centers in Sweden. Parents were randomized using sealed envelopes prepared and opened by an independent person. Parents in the intervention arm met four times with experienced nurses trained in the intervention, whereas controls received standard care. The effect of the intervention was measured five times regarding parents' illness-related stress. Secondary outcomes were psychosocial states, experiences with healthcare providers, and received information. Further, we collected process data on the intervention's content and fidelity. Results: Of the 32 parents included and analyzed in the study, 16 were randomized to the intervention, which addressed a broad variety of topics. The intervention increased parents' knowledge about the biophysiological and functional aspects of their child's illness, but it had no measurable effect on their distress. Discussion: Although fidelity to the intervention protocol was sufficient, the study was flawed by recruitment difficulties, primarily due to organizational factors, which may have prevented us from observing any possible effects on psychosocial distress. Having a person-centered perspective could be promising for future studies aimed at parents of children with cancer. (Registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT02332226.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Ringnér
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Maria Björk
- CHILD Research Group, Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Olsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- Department of Bachelor Education, Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Oslo, Norway
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Peralta D, Bogetz J, Lemmon ME. Seminars in Fetal & neonatal medicine: Palliative and end of life care in the NICU. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 28:101457. [PMID: 37230860 PMCID: PMC10827319 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2023.101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Peralta
- Duke North Pavilion, 2400 Pratt Street, 8th Floor, DUMC 102509, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Jori Bogetz
- 1900 Ninth Ave, JMB-6, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
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Czarnecki D, Ziółkowski M, Chodkiewicz J, Długosz A, Budzyński J, Waszkiewicz N, Kułak-Bejda A. Confusion of Alcohol Craving With Food Hunger in Alcohol-Dependent Individuals Entering In-Patient Drug Treatment. Alcohol Alcohol 2023; 58:151-158. [PMID: 36625065 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify the distinguishing characteristics of alcohol dependent patients who confuse alcohol cravings with pre-meal hunger. METHODS Data were collected at interview on sociodemographic status, clinical status and anthropometry in 179 patients (163 men and 16 women) undergoing in-patient treatment for alcohol dependence. RESULTS A comparison of the patient subgroups studied showed that patients who did not confuse, and those who did confuse, alcohol craving with pre-meal hunger differed significantly in terms of alcohol craving scale scores (9 vs. 4 points). Patients confusing alcohol cravings with pre-meal hunger were more likely to recognize that experiencing severe pre-meal hunger can cause relapse (67.9 vs. 22.8%) and that not being able to distinguish between the sensations under study also increases the risk of breaking abstinence (75.0% vs. 50.4%). This was independent of severity of dependence and intensity of recent alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol-dependent persons who confuse alcohol craving with pre-meal hunger differ from those who do not confuse these hunger pangs in terms of feeling stronger alcohol craving and more frequent occurrence of symptoms accompanying the feeling of alcohol craving during pre-meal hunger. At the start of treatment for alcohol withdrawal, alcohol-dependent individuals who report confusing alcohol cravings with pre-meal hunger are less confident of maintaining abstinence. This is relevant to treatment. The role of possible confounders (depressive symptoms, cognitive and educational deficiency) could not be elucidated definitively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Czarnecki
- Department of Preventive Nursing, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; ul. Ignacego Łukasiewicza 1, Bydgoszcz 85-821, Poland
| | - Marcin Ziółkowski
- Department of Preventive Nursing, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; ul. Ignacego Łukasiewicza 1, Bydgoszcz 85-821, Poland
| | - Jan Chodkiewicz
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Lodz, ul. Smugowa 10/12, Lodz 91-433, Poland
| | - Anna Długosz
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, ul. Seminaryjna 3, Bydgoszcz 85-326, Poland
| | - Jacek Budzyński
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, ul Ujejskiego 75, Bydgoszcz 85-168, Poland
| | - Napoleon Waszkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Wołodyjowskiego 2, Białystok 15-272, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kułak-Bejda
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Wołodyjowskiego 2, Białystok 15-272, Poland
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Perenc L, Podgórska-Bednarz J, Guzik A, Drużbicki M. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Level of Anxiety and Depression in Caregivers of Children Benefiting from Neurorehabilitation Services. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4564. [PMID: 36901574 PMCID: PMC10001714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION At the turn of March and April 2020, due to the occurrence of COVID-19 in Poland, the first restrictions on the provision of rehabilitation services were introduced. Nevertheless, caregivers strived to ensure that their children could benefit from rehabilitation services. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine which of the selected data presented in the media reflecting the intensity of the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland differentiated the level of anxiety and depression in caregivers of children benefiting from neurorehabilitation services. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of caregivers of children (n = 454) receiving various neurorehabilitation services in the inpatient ward of Neurological Rehabilitation of Children and Adolescents (n = 200, 44%), in the Neurorehabilitation Day Ward (n = 168, 37%), and in the Outpatient Clinic (n = 86, 19%) of the Clinical Regional Rehabilitation and Education Center in Rzeszow. The average age of the respondents was 37.23 ± 7.14 years. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to measure the severity of anxiety and depression in caregivers of children. The questionnaires were distributed from June 2020 to April 2021. As a measure of the severity of the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland, the figures presented in the media were adopted. In addition, data on the COVID-19 pandemic presented in the media (Wikipedia, TVP Info, Polsat Nes, Radio Zet) on the day preceding the completion of the survey were analyzed based on statistical analysis methods. RESULTS 73 of the surveyed caregivers (16.08%) suffered from severe anxiety disorders, and 21 (4.63%) from severe depressive disorders. The average severity of anxiety (HADS) in the subjects was 6.37 points, and the average severity of depression was 4.09 points. There was no statistically significant relationship between the data presented in the media-such as daily number of infections, total number of infections, daily number of deaths, total number of deaths, total number of recoveries, number of hospitalizations, and people under quarantine-and the level of anxiety and depression of the studied caregivers (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It was not found that the selected data presented in the media, showing the intensity of the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland, significantly differentiated the level of anxiety and depression among caregivers of children using neurorehabilitation services. Their motivation to continue the treatment, caused by concern for their children's health, resulted in less severe symptoms of anxiety and depression during the peak period of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Perenc
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
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Robertson EG, Kelada L, Best S, Goranitis I, Grainger N, Le Marne F, Pierce K, Nevin SM, Macintosh R, Beavis E, Sachdev R, Bye A, Palmer EE. Acceptability and feasibility of an online information linker service for caregivers who have a child with genetic epilepsy: a mixed-method pilot study protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e063249. [PMID: 36288836 PMCID: PMC9615979 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are rare epilepsy conditions that collectively impact 1 in 2000 children. They are highly genetically heterogeneous, resulting in significant barriers to accurate and adequate information for caregivers. This can lead to increased distress and dissatisfaction with the healthcare system. To address this gap, we developed 'GenE Compass' to provide caregivers with the highest-quality possible, understandable and relevant information in response to specific questions about their child's DEE. Using a mixed-method design, we will now pilot GenE Compass to evaluate the acceptability to caregivers and clinicians, feasibility and impact to caregivers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will recruit 88 caregivers (estimated final sample of 50 at follow-up) who have a child under 18 years of age with a suspected or confirmed DEE diagnosis. Following consent and a baseline questionnaire (questionnaire 1 (Q1)), participants will be able to submit questions to GenE Compass over a 3-month period. After 3 months, participants will complete a follow-up questionnaire (Q2) and an optional telephone interview to answer the research questions. Primary outcomes are acceptability of GenE Compass and feasibility of delivering the intervention (eg, cost of the intervention, number of questions submitted and time taken to respond to questions). Secondary outcomes include the impact of GenE Compass on caregivers' quality of life, information searching behaviours, perceptions of their child's illness and activation. ETHICS AND DISCUSSION The study protocol (V.2, dated 16 September 2021) has been approved by the Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Human Research Ethics Committee (ETH11277). The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at scientific conferences. A lay summary will be disseminated to all participants. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12621001544864.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden G Robertson
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lauren Kelada
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephanie Best
- Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - I Goranitis
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie Grainger
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fleur Le Marne
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristine Pierce
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Epilepsy Foundation, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Nevin
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca Macintosh
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Erin Beavis
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rani Sachdev
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Annie Bye
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E Palmer
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
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Dong S, Elliott TR, Luo W, Warren AM, Warren R. Personality metatraits predict resilience among family caregivers responsible for a dependent youth's chronic respiratory management. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:85. [PMID: 35365207 PMCID: PMC8973997 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Family caregivers of children and youth with severe neurodisabilities that require chronic respiratory management often report a compromised quality of life. In this cross-sectional study, we used DeYoung’s (Psychol Inq 21(1): 26–33, 2010. 10.1080/10478401003648674) conceptualization of two personality metatraits, Alpha and Beta, to test their theorized role in facilitating resilience among these family caregivers. We expected higher Alpha and Beta would exhibit direct, beneficial effects on caregiver mental and physical health quality of life (QoL), and they would operate through self-reported resilience and coping to exert positive, indirect effects on caregiver QoL. Methods Family caregivers of children and youth at an outpatient chronic respiratory management clinic were informed of the study. Of the 68 who consented, 61 provided complete data on measures of personality traits, coping styles, and physical and mental health-related QoL. Factor analytic techniques verified the two personality metatraits, consistent with the DeYoung model. The metatraits were then used as predictor variables in a path model to predict physical and mental health-related QoL. Self-reported resilience and a coping variable were examined as possible mediators of the personality-QoL relationship. Results Correlational analyses isolated a coping variable that met criteria as a possible mediator. The path model exhibited good fit to the data. The Alpha metatrait—characterized by emotional stability, self-regulation, perseverance, and intrinsic motivation—was directly predictive of caregiver mental health. The Beta metatrait, reflecting a disposition for adaptive flexibility, responsiveness, and interpersonal initiative, demonstrated significant indirect effects to physical and mental health through its positive association with coping efforts to maintain social support and a sense of self. Conclusions Consistent with DeYoung’s conceptualization, higher Alpha and Beta predicted caregiver resilience, albeit through different pathways. The emotional stability, perseverance and emotional regulation associated with Alpha likely accounted for its positive association with caregiver mental health. Beta, in contrast, may operate through their adaptive flexibility, personal resourcefulness and social engagement to augment coping efforts that involve others and support family activities, which, in turn, promote their own physical and mental health. Limitations of the cross-sectional design, and potential theoretical and clinical implications of the personality metatraits and their relation to resilience are discussed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40359-022-00791-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidai Dong
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University (4225 TAMU), College Station, TX, 77843-4225, USA
| | - Timothy R Elliott
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University (4225 TAMU), College Station, TX, 77843-4225, USA.
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University (4225 TAMU), College Station, TX, 77843-4225, USA
| | - Ann Marie Warren
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Robert Warren
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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Kelada L, Wakefield C, Vidic N, Armstrong DS, Bennetts B, Boggs K, Christodoulou J, Harrison J, Ho G, Kapur N, Lindsey-Temple S, McDonald T, Mowat D, Schultz A, Selvadurai H, Tai A, Jaffe A. Genomic testing for children with interstitial and diffuse lung disease (chILD): parent satisfaction, understanding and health-related quality of life. BMJ Open Respir Res 2022; 9:e001139. [PMID: 35190460 PMCID: PMC8862491 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research is needed to determine best practice for genomic testing in the context of child interstitial or diffuse lung disease (chILD). We explored parent's and child's health-related quality of life (HRQoL), parents' perceived understanding of a genomic testing study, satisfaction with information and the study and decisional regret to undertake genomic testing. METHODS Parents of children with diagnosed or suspected chILD who were enrolled in a genomic sequencing study were invited to complete questionnaires pretesting (T1) and after receiving the result (T2). RESULTS Parents' (T1, n=19; T2, n=17) HRQoL was lower than population norms. Study satisfaction (T1) and perceived understanding (T2) were positively correlated (rs=0.68, p=0.014). Satisfaction with information (T1 and T2) and decisional regret (T2) were negatively correlated (T1 rs=-0.71, p=0.01; T2 rs=-0.56, p=0.03). Parents reported wanting more frequent communication with staff throughout the genomic sequencing study, and greater information about the confidentiality of test results. CONCLUSIONS Understanding of genomic testing, satisfaction with information and participation and decisional regret are inter-related. Pretest consultations are important and can allow researchers to explain confidentiality of data and the variable turnaround times for receiving a test result. Staff can also update parents when there will be delays to receiving a result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Kelada
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire Wakefield
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nada Vidic
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David S Armstrong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Discipline of Genetic Medicine and Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- KidGen Collaborative, Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsten Boggs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Mackenzie's Mission, Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Christodoulou
- Discipline of Genetic Medicine and Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Brain and Mitochondrial, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne Harrison
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gladys Ho
- Discipline of Genetic Medicine and Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nitin Kapur
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Suzanna Lindsey-Temple
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tim McDonald
- Paediatrics, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - David Mowat
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - André Schultz
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hiran Selvadurai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Tai
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital Adelaide, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Respiratory Department, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
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Patients' Explanatory Models about drug-resistant epilepsy in Argentina. A thematic analysis. Seizure 2021; 91:409-416. [PMID: 34303914 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to explore explanatory models (EM) about epilepsy in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. DESIGN A qualitative approach gathered data through semi-structured interviews, oriented to gain an in-depth and contextual understanding of EM about epilepsy of patients with DRE. Data collection and analysis were followed by an inductive and interpretive approach informed by the principles of thematic analysis. RESULTS 75 patients from two public hospitals participated. Emerging codes were grouped into three categories: Biomedical EM, Psychosocial EM, and Traditional EM. Also, factors that trigger or increase the frequency of seizures were reported. CONCLUSIONS Patients' EM regarding epilepsy are complex, as biological, psychological, and supernatural aspects intertwine. EM represent a method of understanding the way people explain, recognize, and act in relation to a medical condition. Since patients' beliefs regarding their illness are related to mental disorders, and quality of life, EM could shed light on the real impact of illness in the life of people, and, in turn, guide those intervention strategies to the patients' subjectivity, in order to improve the treatment compliance, reduce distress, and improve health-related quality of life, among other aspects.
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